Authentication Scheme Research Articles

FPGA-based dual-layer authentication scheme utilizing AES and ECC for unmanned aerial vehicles

Unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly known as drones, face unique authentication challenges due to their distinct characteristics and operational environments. These challenges include identity management, secure key management, secure communication channels, and limited resources. To address these challenges, we propose a dual-layer authentication scheme utilizing Advanced Encryption Standard and Elliptic Curve Cryptography on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays. This scheme leverages the flexibility and programmability of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays incorporated in drones to enhance security. The integration of Advanced Encryption Standard on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays provides a robust solution to withstand various attacks such as impersonation, tampering, and replay attacks. Simulation results in Xilinx Vivado demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed scheme compared to existing methods.

ALMASH: an anonymity-based lightweight mutual authentication scheme for internet of healthcare things

ALMASH: an anonymity-based lightweight mutual authentication scheme for internet of healthcare things

LPQAA: a lightweight post-quantum access authentication scheme for satellite network

LPQAA: a lightweight post-quantum access authentication scheme for satellite network

A data sharing scheme based on blockchain for privacy protection certification of Internet of Vehicles

With the vigorous development of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technology, modern cars equipped with advanced on-board systems are continuously generating massive amounts of data. Utilizing this data can improve driving safety and achieve better service quality in smart transportation systems. Therefore, ensuring the efficiency and security of data sharing is an important issue. Integrating IoV and blockchain technology can provide solutions to the data sharing security problems. This paper researches on IoV data sharing based on blockchain technology. In view of the problem that Internet of Vehicles data is susceptible to denial of service attacks, central failures and privacy leaks, we propose a data sharing scheme based on blockchain for privacy protection certification of Internet of Vehicles. Firstly, a decentralized privacy protection authentication framework is proposed is based on blockchain. Authenticated communication is performed between vehicle nodes and roadside units (as trusted authorities) by using authentication and access authentication schemes. Secondly, the trusted cluster head selected through the weight indicator is responsible for forwarding the information to the Trust Authority (TA), which then forwards the data to cloud storage and records the certificate and hash value on the distributed blockchain, along with other related information. In addition, the solution also uses a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithm to ensure the security and reliability of the blockchain, as well as the efficiency and decentralization of cloud storage. Finally, the TA revokes the certificate of the malicious vehicle node and clears it from the blockchain. Security analysis experiments show that our solution can effectively resist various threats such as counterfeiting, replay attacks, forgery and data tampering, thereby ensuring the security of Internet of Vehicles data sharing. Compared to the proposed solution, our performance has improved by 50.12%, 41.62%, 6.01%, and 29.11%, respectively.

Acting real: a cross-cultural investigation of finfluencer strategic authenticity

Video content creators or vloggers have emerged as influential figures in social media marketing, emphasizing the need for them to cultivate an authentic image to leverage their persuasive power. This study investigated the authenticity strategies employed by financial influencers, also known as finfluencers, on YouTube and Bilibili platforms. By conducting a content analysis on a sample of finfluencer videos from China and the U.S. (N = 186), this study explores the strategies they employ to construct authenticity. The results support four categories of strategy authenticity: transparency, immediacy, ordinariness, and passion. In addition, quantitative analyses reveal cultural differences in the use of these strategies. These differences can be attributed to the monetization incentives of American finfluencers, who frequently incorporate brand sponsorships into their videos. They can also be understood through a cultural lens. The implications and limitations of international research on social media influencer marketing are also discussed.

A Threshold-Based Full-Decentralized Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme for VANETs Powered by Consortium Blockchain

A Threshold-Based Full-Decentralized Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme for VANETs Powered by Consortium Blockchain

An Anonymous and Efficient Authentication Scheme with Conditional Privacy Preservation in Internet of Vehicles Networks

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an emerging technology that enables vehicles to communicate with their surroundings, provide convenient services, and enhance transportation systems. However, IoV networks can be vulnerable to security attacks because vehicles communicate with other IoV components through an open wireless channel. The recent related work suggested a two-factor-based lightweight authentication scheme for IoV networks. Unfortunately, we prove that the related work cannot prevent various security attacks, such as insider and ephemeral secret leakage (ESL) attacks, and fails to ensure perfect forward secrecy. To address these security weaknesses, we propose an anonymous and efficient authentication scheme with conditional privacy-preserving capabilities in IoV networks. The proposed scheme can ensure robustness against various security attacks and provide essential security features. The proposed scheme ensures conditional privacy to revoke malicious behavior in IoV networks. Moreover, our scheme uses only one-way hash functions and XOR operations, which are low-cost cryptographic operations suitable for IoV. We also prove the security of our scheme using the “Burrows–Abadi–Needham (BAN) logic”, “Real-or-Random (ROR) model”, and “Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) simulation tool”. We evaluate and compare the performance and security features of the proposed scheme with existing methods. Consequently, our scheme provides improved security and efficiency and is suitable for practical IoV networks.

Retraction Note: A distributed key authentication and OKM-ANFIS scheme based breast cancer prediction system in the IoT environment

Retraction Note: A distributed key authentication and OKM-ANFIS scheme based breast cancer prediction system in the IoT environment

REHAS: Robust and Efficient Hyperelliptic Curve‐Based Authentication Scheme for Internet of Drones

ABSTRACTInternet of Drones (IoD) is one of the most beneficial and has many versatile applications like Surveillance and Security, Delivery and Logistics, Environmental Monitoring, Agriculture, and so forth. The IoD network is crucial for collecting sensitive data like geo‐coordinates, vehicle traffic data, and property details while surveying the various deployment locations in smart cities. The communication between users and drones can be compromised over insecure wireless channels by multiple attacks such as Man‐in‐the‐middle‐attack, Denial of Service, and so forth. Many schemes have already been propounded in the field of IoD. Still, many of them cannot address the resource constraints problem of drones, and existing protocols have higher computation and communication costs. Therefore, this paper has proposed a robust and efficient Hyper‐Elliptic Curve‐based authentication scheme (REHAS), which provides a session key for secure communication. Artificial Identities are generated using a hash function and random numbers. Fuzzy Extractor is used for user biometric authentication, which makes the smart device secure when lost. HECC is used with a smaller bit size of 80 bits rather than ECC of 160 bits. The security of the REHAS has been ensured using Scyther simulation. Furthermore, the resilience, safety, and robustness of REHAS are ensured by Informal security analysis. Lastly, a comparative study of the REHAS has been performed with other related Authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocols regarding communication cost, Computation cost, and security features, demonstrating that REHAS incurred less computation cost (6.7171 ms), communication overhead (1696 bits), and energy consumption (22.5 mJ) than other existing AKA schemes.

A novel blockchain-based anonymous roaming authentication scheme for VANET

With the widespread application of vehicular ad-hoc networks, ensuring secure and seamless cross-regional roaming for mobile users and obtaining corresponding services has become a focal point. However, designing an efficient and secure roaming authentication protocol is challenging due to the confidentiality and privacy issues that data transmission during the roaming authentication process may cause and the limited computational capabilities of mobile devices. Researchers have proposed many security-oriented schemes to address this thorny challenge. However, many state-of-the-art schemes need help meeting various security requirements and facing privacy leakage and single points of failure. Recently, Xue et al. proposed a distributed authentication scheme for roaming services in mobile vehicular networks based on smart contracts. Regrettably, it is noted that their scheme is vulnerable to ephemeral key leakage attacks. Further, we present a blockchain-based anonymous roaming authentication scheme called BARA, which changes how session keys are generated and significantly reduces on-chain storage costs using probabilistic data structure techniques. We utilize Scyther and Burrows–Abadi–Needham (BAN) logic to prove the security of BARA and compare it with similar protocols in terms of computation, communication, and revocation check. The analysis results demonstrate that BARA achieves a good balance between security performance and execution efficiency.

Blockchain-Enhanced Multi-Factor Authentication for Securing IoT Children's Toys

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices underscores the critical importance of robust security protocols, particularly in the realm of children's toys. This study introduces an innovative multi-factor authentication strategy integrating Quick Response (QR) codes with Blockchain technology to fortify the security of IoT toys designed for children. The primary objective is to safeguard young users against potential threats stemming from unauthorized access, thereby ensuring a secure interaction with IoT-enabled toys. By amalgamating authentication factors, including QR codes, the proposed approach establishes a multilayered security framework. Leveraging the inherent immutability and transparency of Blockchain, the system verifies the authenticity of IoT toys by scanning a unique QR code, thus mitigating risks associated with malwares and unauthorized access. The decentralization of Blockchain ensures no single point of failure, enhancing resilience against cyber threats. Extensive usability studies underscore the efficacy and practicality of the advanced multi-factor authentication solution, poised to elevate the safety standards of IoT toys in the digital age. This innovative approach not only bolsters security but also fosters trust among users, enabling seamless and worry-free interaction with IoT-enabled toys for children worldwide.

TPAAS: Trustworthy privacy-preserving anonymous authentication scheme for online trading environment.

In recent years with the improvement of information communication technology (ICT) and wireless communication, Online Trading Environment (OTE) has become a popular E-commerce platform to connect sellers and buyers in an efficient way. As, OTE's are increasing in a wider range, the authentication and verification of entities in OTE network becomes a challenging task. Although, some authentication schemes exist in OTE's, they have flaws such as account creation delays, authentication delays, communication cost and user privacy. In this work, a trustworthy and secure anonymous authentication scheme is proposed to prevent malicious users to enter into the OTE network. In addition, our proposed scheme provides conditional privacy to users until they maintain a genuine relationship with other entities without compromising. If any dispute occurs, then the system will revoke the access of that particular entity. Moreover, the security and performance analysis in this work concludes that our scheme ensures a secure interface to provide sustainable trading experience to users by taking less computation cost and communication delay when compared to other existing authentication schemes.

Lightweight privacy-preserving authenticated key agreements using physically unclonable functions for internet of drones

The Internet of Drones (IoD) means the cooperative collection and transmission of data by multiple drones in a cluster or decentralized way of working to decrease the energy consumption of mobile devices, increase overall performance, and reduce the cost of building infrastructure. It is widely applied in various fields, including environmental scouting and monitoring, emergency assistance and logistics transportation, etc. Recently, many related authentication schemes were proposed for IoD. Due to the limitation that the drones use lightweight components for development, these authentication schemes mostly use lightweight components for development. However, many authentication schemes cannot overcome security issues such as providing user privacy protection and resisting drone capture attacks. This study discusses these security issues of related schemes, and develops an authentication scheme for IoD by using Physically Unclonable Functions (PUF). Due to its own microscopic characteristics, the PUF can generate unpredictable and duplicate information, which can be regarded as a device fingerprint and is suitable for device authentication. Additionally, this study utilizes the commutative and invertible properties of BS-PUF to develop the key exchange of the proposed scheme and to protect user privacy. This proposed scheme overcomes the previous problems in security, has more security features, and maintains lightweight computational costs.

BAKAS-UAV: A Secure Blockchain-Assisted Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Networks

BAKAS-UAV: A Secure Blockchain-Assisted Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Networks

Measuring authentic strategy in local government agencies in the United Arab Emirates

PurposeThis paper develops an instrument for measuring authentic strategy and evaluates the adoption of its dimensions by the local government agencies of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah (RAK) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).Design/methodology/approachThe dimensions of authentic strategy are identified using factor analysis. Cronbach alpha coefficient and multiple linear regression are used to examine the reliability and predictive validity of the instrument. One-sided and one-way ANOVA are used to assess the adoption levels of the dimensions of authentic strategy.FindingsThis paper has identified three valid dimensions of authentic strategy: (a) strategy uniqueness, (b) leadership commitment and stakeholders’ management, and (c) implementation. The results show that RAK local government agencies have adopted all three dimensions. There were no significant differences between the levels of adoption of the three dimensions of authentic strategy.Originality/valueThe instrument can serve as an effective self-assessment tool for organizations aiming at developing genuine strategies and improving outcomes. This paper adds to the limited literature on strategy within the Arab public sector by analyzing strategy practices in the UAE.

LightAuth: A Lightweight Sensor Nodes Authentication Framework for Smart Health System

ABSTRACTCounterfeit medical devices pose a threat to patient safety, necessitating a secure device authentication system for medical applications. Resource‐constrained sensory nodes are vulnerable to hacking, prompting the need for robust security measures. Token‐based authentication schemes, such as one‐time passwords (OTPs), smart cards, key fobs, and mobile authentication apps, along with certificate‐based authentication methods, such as client and code‐signing, employ cryptographic frameworks like elliptical curve cryptography (ECC) and physical unclonable functions (PUF). However, these methods face challenges, including block sequence issues and susceptibility to side‐channel attacks. To address these issues, we propose a framework for mutual authentication using private Ethereum. This framework integrates private Ethereum and cryptographic techniques for encrypting and decrypting data using mathematical algorithms to overcome block sequence issues and side‐channel attacks. Similarly, fog nodes are utilised to enhance local computing, storage, and networking capabilities for sensors. The framework is evaluated using metrics such as communication costs, execution costs, and computation costs based on Ethereum gas consumption. The performance of the LightAuth framework is compared with that of the Smart Contracts Against Counterfeit IoMT (SCACIoMT) framework, designed for Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices. The effectiveness of LightAuth is verified through formal security analysis using BAN logic.

Nonlinear multi-image optical authentication based on QR decomposition and Kramer-Kronig relations

Abstract In this paper, a new nonlinear optical multi-image authentication scheme is proposed based on Kramers-Kronig digital holography and orthogonal triangular decomposition or QR decomposition. Here, the complex light field carrying the information of multiple images is modulated by random phase masks and propagated at certain distance. Afterwards, the QR decomposition is applied to the complex wavefront to generate the private keys and to add the non-linearity in the scheme. Next, the product of orthogonal matrix and upper triangular matrix is processed further. The obtained output is modulated by different phase masks and interfered with reference beam to record the encrypted image. For decryption, the Kramer-Kronig relation is utilized to extract the plaintext images directly with only the positive frequency part. A series of numerical simulations are conducted to validate the efficacy and robustness of proposed image authentication scheme.

Lattice-based access authentication scheme for quantum communication networks

Lattice-based access authentication scheme for quantum communication networks

Lightweight Secure Authentication Scheme to thwart Unauthorized Edge Datacenters in Fog Computing

Lightweight Secure Authentication Scheme to thwart Unauthorized Edge Datacenters in Fog Computing

A Robust Mutual Authentication Scheme for Health-Focused Connected Intelligent Objects

A Robust Mutual Authentication Scheme for Health-Focused Connected Intelligent Objects