Auspicious Environment Research Articles

LURAD: Design study of a comprehensive radiation monitor package for the gateway and the lunar surface

Moon is an auspicious environment for the study of Galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and Solar Particle Events (SEP) due to the absence of magnetic field and atmosphere. The same characteristics raise the radiation risk for human presence in orbit around it or at the lunar surface. The secondary (albedo) radiation resulting from the interaction of the primary radiation with the lunar soil adds an extra risk factor, because neutrons are produced, but also it can be exploited to study the soil composition. In this paper, the design of a comprehensive radiation monitor package tailored to the lunar environment is presented. The detector, named LURAD, will perform spectroscopic measurements of protons, electrons, heavy ions, as well as gamma-rays, and neutrons. A microdosimetry monitor subsystem is foreseen which can provide measurements of LET(Si) spectra in a wide dynamic range of LET(Si) and flux for SPE and GCR, detection of neutrons and biological dose for radiation protection of astronauts. The LURAD design leverages on the following key enabling technologies: (a) Fully depleted Si monolithic active pixel sensors; (b) Scintillators read by silicon photomultipliers (SiPM); (c) Silicon on Insulator (SOI) microdosimetry sensors; These technologies promise miniaturization and mass reduction with state-of-the-art performance. The instrument’s design is presented, and the Monte Carlo study of the feasibility of particle identification and kinetic energy determination is discussed.

Investigating social sustainability practices in global supply networks: A fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis

Given the paucity of research that examines the impact of Social Sustainability Practices (SSP) on performance outcomes, this study investigates the adoption and influence of these practices on firms' and suppliers’ overall performance, whilst also considering the level of complexity of operational environments of global supply networks. A Fuzzy-sets Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FsQCA) approach is adopted, based on eight primary case studies within the food, chemical and textile sectors, with data collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with representatives from each company.The research identified four key categories of SSP: informative, control, collaborative, and supply network redesign practices. The findings offer empirical support for the notion that SSP adoption yields improved performance outcomes for both the firm and its suppliers. These positive effects encompass enhanced firm profitability, increased supplier efficiency, and heightened supplier innovativeness. Nevertheless, the research uncovered that the relationship between adopting SSP and their impact on performance is not always straightforward. In certain instances, a combination of these practices may be necessary to achieve the desired performance level.In addition, a prudent consideration of the operational complexity present in global supply networks is crucial for informed decision-making pertaining to the selection and adoption of the most appropriate SSP. Driving profits in complex operational environments requires integrating both informative and collaborative practices, whilst tight control is necessary to improve supplier efficiency, regardless of the extent of complexity. Collaboration also emerged as a core factor of success in enhancing supplier innovation regarding social sustainability. Decision makers should also collaborate with external entities, particularly Non-Governmental-Organisations (NGOs) and industry associations/peers, to educate suppliers, thus creating an auspicious environment where suppliers are accountable for their own sustainability performance. This research carries significant practical implications. Managers should evaluate diverse combinations of SSP to confront global sustainability challenges through the utilization of customized strategies that can yield enhanced performance results. Expanding sustainability beyond primary suppliers can often be challenging in a global supply networks, given a firm's limited oversight, transparent knowledge and control over lower tier suppliers. Consequently, managers should seek to strengthen controls and oversight within the manageable segments of the supply network, all the while facilitating self-adaptation within the extended supply network with the adoption of informative and collaborative practices that extend reach, homogeneity, and improve overall governance.

Reporting racism in broadcast interview

AbstractThis study examines invited reports of racism in broadcast interviews. Guided by discursive psychology (DP) and conversation analysis (CA), the investigation focuses on the interactional moments wherein the interviewee (is invited to) describe a racist incident. Expanding existing DP and CA research on complaints of racism, this analysis shows how reported speech is treated by speakers as an indispensable device in reproducing the incident and providing evidence for the racism reported. This investigation provides further evidence for how speakers treat reporting racism as a sensitive business. This is reflected in the interviewee's accounts as they begin by describing the circumstance of the incident, and the interviewer's collaboration in co‐constructing the interviewee's accounts and co‐managing the trajectory of the interview. Overall, the analysis spotlights how an auspicious environment for victims to talk about their experiences of racism is created and fostered at both institutional and interactional levels.

On the scaling patterns of infectious disease incidence in cities

Urban areas with larger and more connected populations offer an auspicious environment for contagion processes such as the spread of pathogens. Empirical evidence has revealed a systematic increase in the rates of certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in urban areas with larger population sizes. With rampant urbanization worldwide, it is increasingly important to improve our understanding of the key drivers of these systemic infection patterns. Using confirmed-case data for three STDs in U.S. metropolitan areas, we investigate the scaling patterns of the incidence of these infectious diseases in urban areas. The most salient features of these patterns are that, on average, the incidence of infectious diseases that transmit with less ease i) scale more steeply with population size, ii) are more variable across cities of similar size, and iii) are less predictable across time. These features are explained using a simple mathematical model of contagion and also through the lens of a new theory of urban scaling. These theoretical frameworks help us reveal the links between the factors that determine the transmissibility of infectious diseases and the properties of their scaling patterns across cities.

Collaborative Governance for Smart and Sustainable Cities of the 21st Century. Case Study: The City of Oradea

Summary Due to today’s great societal challenges, such as climate change, demographic boom, resource scarcity, urban settlements find themselves trained in a tense race of reforming their urban development strategies. Turning cities into smart settlements, by improving their waste management and energy consumption seems like the only viable solution for a prosperous and sustainable future. Moreover, statistics show that smart cities create an auspicious environment for the establishment of start-up, as they provide incentives for citizens with creative and entrepreneurial skills. Accordingly, the objective of the current study is twofold: in the first instance, we would like to prove the existence of a causal link between the level of smart orientation in a city and the spread of start-ups, namely, the smarter the city, the bigger the number of start-ups, and vice versa by choosing as our case study, a city from the North-Western development region of Romania, Oradea; secondly, we stress, that the promotion of a collaborative governance model by the city leadership, involving all the stakeholders in the decision-making process enables smart orientation within a city.

Innovative modular greening system for modern buildings

For the sustainable development of the cities and auspicious environment for the life of future generations and the health of residents of the metropolis, it is very important to have not only comfortable housing, but also a healthy environment inside and outside it, and for this it is not at all necessary to live in rural areas. Today life in the city goes by at a very fast pace among the modern buildings. These are indispensable spaces for the life of every citizen, however, for the functioning and proper operation of the entire system of the human, it is necessary not only to move, but also to breathe the clear air. This is possible due to the plants in the urban environment, which are very few, and often the gas content and harmful impurities, together with CO2, exceed the maximum regulatory values in the air. The plants help to reduce them, and thus create a green environment for the population. Innovative modular greening systems for the roofs and facades of modern buildings, developed by the authors, possesses high manufacturability in comparison with competitors and help to the environment in general, which contributes to improving the health and longevity of people.

Blockchain and its practical use

In this article we can see that by the digital age and the internet you can buy any tangible and intangible thing, just do not have the appropriate security, amid all this comes the blockchain, responding to concerns, it is to do, many money transactions are made, within an auspicious environment with adequate security.

Financial profitability of small scale shrimp farming in a coastal area of Bangladesh

Aquaculture especially shrimp farming has significant contribution to the economy of Bangladesh. The southwest coastal area is more prominent for commercial shrimp farming due to its auspicious environment, higher economic returns, nutrition value and for employment opportunity. The present study estimates the socioeconomic status and financial profitability of small-scale shrimp farming in selected areas of Khulna district. One hundred (100) shrimp farmers were selected and data were collected through direct interview method. Financial profitability was analyzed from the different point of view. The study revealed that about 35% farmers lie in prime working age group. Most of the farmers completed primary level of education while a few of them were illiterate. Family size of 65 % farmer’s was medium and 40% farmer’s main occupation was shrimp farming. Study also revealed that gross profit margin was high i.e. 59% indicating that farmers did well in managing their farm and farmers has more to cover for operating, financing and other cost. Break-even price for the small scale shrimp worked out Tk. 311 per kg while break-even production was found 155 kg per acre. Benefit cost ratio and net profit margin were found more than one and positive respectively, indicated that small scale shrimp farming was commercially profitable. The research concludes that there is ample scope and possibility for sustaining and developing the small scale shrimp farming in the coastal area of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 104-110, April 2018

Avoidance threshold to oil water-soluble fraction by a juvenile marine teleost fish.

When oil spills occur, behavior is the first line of defense for a fish to avoid being contaminated. We determined the avoidance threshold of the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) to the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of oil using a dual-flow choice box. The results showed that a plume of 20%-diluted WSF (total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon [PAH] concentration: 8.54 μg L-1 ) triggered a significant avoidance response that was detected within 7.5 min of introducing WSF-contaminated water into the experimental setup. However, the ecological relevance of seabass capacity to detect and avoid WSF remains to be established. In the short term, such a response is indeed liable to reduce seabass contact time with oil-contaminated water and thus preserve their functional integrity. In the long term, however, avoidance may contribute to the displacement of a population into a possibly less auspicious environment, with consequences very similar to those of contaminant exposure, that is, disturbed population dynamics and demography. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:854-859. © 2017 SETAC.

O partido do Rio Grande: redes de relações, mediação e Revolução de 1930

O presente artigo pretende analisar algumas formas de participação política nas articulações que conformaram a Aliança Liberal. O centro da análise, contudo, não são os agentes clássicos da história política, como políticos de carreira e outros indivíduos vinculados à política partidária, mas os intelectuais e, paralelamente, os empresários. Entende-se que esses agentes podiam ter um papel de “mediação” entre os políticos e setores proeminentes da sociedade, auxiliando na conformação de um ambiente propício ao sucesso de seus projetos.

Directed evolution of artificial metalloenzymes for in vivo metathesis

The field of biocatalysis has advanced from harnessing natural enzymes to using directed evolution to obtain new biocatalysts with tailor-made functions. Several tools have recently been developed to expand the natural enzymatic repertoire with abiotic reactions. For example, artificial metalloenzymes, which combine the versatile reaction scope of transition metals with the beneficial catalytic features of enzymes, offer an attractive means to engineer new reactions. Three complementary strategies exist: repurposing natural metalloenzymes for abiotic transformations; in silico metalloenzyme (re-)design; and incorporation of abiotic cofactors into proteins. The third strategy offers the opportunity to design a wide variety of artificial metalloenzymes for non-natural reactions. However, many metal cofactors are inhibited by cellular components and therefore require purification of the scaffold protein. This limits the throughput of genetic optimization schemes applied to artificial metalloenzymes and their applicability in vivo to expand natural metabolism. Here we report the compartmentalization and in vivo evolution of an artificial metalloenzyme for olefin metathesis, which represents an archetypal organometallic reaction without equivalent in nature. Building on previous work on an artificial metallohydrolase, we exploit the periplasm of Escherichia coli as a reaction compartment for the 'metathase' because it offers an auspicious environment for artificial metalloenzymes, mainly owing to low concentrations of inhibitors such as glutathione, which has recently been identified as a major inhibitor. This strategy facilitated the assembly of a functional metathase in vivo and its directed evolution with substantially increased throughput compared to conventional approaches that rely on purified protein variants. The evolved metathase compares favourably with commercial catalysts, shows activity for different metathesis substrates and can be further evolved in different directions by adjusting the workflow. Our results represent the systematic implementation and evolution of an artificial metalloenzyme that catalyses an abiotic reaction in vivo, with potential applications in, for example, non-natural metabolism.

Diversity, federalism and the nineteenth-century liberals

This paper provides an argument in favour of federal institutional design on the basis that it is more congenial to the preservation and promotion of normatively desirable societal diversity than its unitary alternative. Seeking inspiration in the work of three of the most influential liberal thinkers of the nineteenth century: John Stuart Mill; Alexis de Tocqueville; and Lord Acton, I construct a novel case for federalism that focuses on the inherent benefits of a dual/multi-layered governmental structure. Section one argues for the value of diversity, stating that it can both improve the authenticity of individually exercised autonomy, and improve the quality of individually espoused moral views. Section two considers the potential dangers posed by the unitary state to the flourishing of diversity through the centralisation of key institutions. Section three shows how the federal model sidesteps these pitfalls, and offers a more auspicious environment for the cultivation and enjoyment of diversity.

Overcoming the educational disadvantages of poor children: How much do teacher preparation, workload, and expectations matter.

This article reviews data on aspects of the learning environment most closely associated with successful development of early academic competence, compares children from low socioeconomic backgrounds to children with higher socioeconomic status (SES) on access to academically auspicious environments, and uses the findings to identify promising targets for social innovations aimed at improving the educational prospects of poor children.

MP2-01 TREATMENT PATTERNS IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT HIGH-RISK BLADDER CANCER

You have accessJournal of UrologyGeneral & Epidemiological Trends & Socioeconomics: Evidence-based Medicine & Outcomes II1 Apr 2014MP2-01 TREATMENT PATTERNS IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT HIGH-RISK BLADDER CANCER Karim Chamie, Eric Ballon-Landa, Jeffrey C. Bassett, Timothy J. Daskivich, Julie Lai, Jan M. Hanley, Badrinath R. Konety, Mark S. Litwin, and Christopher S. Saigal Karim ChamieKarim Chamie More articles by this author , Eric Ballon-LandaEric Ballon-Landa More articles by this author , Jeffrey C. BassettJeffrey C. Bassett More articles by this author , Timothy J. DaskivichTimothy J. Daskivich More articles by this author , Julie LaiJulie Lai More articles by this author , Jan M. HanleyJan M. Hanley More articles by this author , Badrinath R. KonetyBadrinath R. Konety More articles by this author , Mark S. LitwinMark S. Litwin More articles by this author , and Christopher S. SaigalChristopher S. Saigal More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.159AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Patients with high-risk bladder cancer are apt to develop multiple recurrences. Since the association of recurrences with subsequent aggressive treatment in individuals with recurrent high-grade bladder cancer has not been quantified, we sought to determine whether increasing number of recurrences correlates with higher treatment rates. METHODS Using linked SEER-Medicare data, we identified subjects with recurrent high-grade, non-muscle-invasive disease diagnosed in 1992–2002 and followed until 2007. Using propensity score and competing-risks regression analyses, we quantified the incidence of radical cystectomy, radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy after each recurrence. We further restricted our analyses of treatment in auspicious environments, defined as those patients with characteristics most suited for aggressive intervention: age <70, Charlson 0, and undifferentiated T1 tumors treated at academic cancer centers. RESULTS Of 4521 subjects, (59.6%) 2694 had more than one recurrence within initial two years of diagnosis. Compared with patients who only had one recurrence, those with ≥4 recurrences were less likely to undergo radical cystectomy (9.7% vs 12.1%, p-value=0.03), more likely to undergo radiotherapy (18.0% vs 12.1%, p-value<0.01), and more likely to undergo systemic chemotherapy (6.7% vs 4.2%, p-value<0.01). For patients with ≥4 recurrences, only 25% were treated with curative intent, while 43% were similarly treated in auspicious environments. CONCLUSIONS Only 25% of patients high-risk bladder cancer who recur ≥4 times undergo treatment for curative intent. Increasing recurrences do not appear to alter the treatment course as patients and their doctors may be unable or unwilling to proceed with aggressive treatment despite mounting risk of disease progression. Table 1. Probability of treatment after each recurrence after adjusting for patient and tumor characteristics using multinomial inverse probability treatment weights. Radical Cystectomy Radiotherapy Systemic Chemotherapy Probability p-value Probability p-value Probability p-value 1 Recurrence 12.2% Referent 12.1% Referent 4.2% Referent 2 Recurrences 11.8% 0.78 14.7% 0.04 3.9% 0.71 3 Recurrences 12.3% 0.94 15.9% 0.02 4.3% 0.91 ≥ 4 Recurrences 9.7% 0.03 18.0% < 0.01 6.7% < 0.01 © 2014FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 191Issue 4SApril 2014Page: e24 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2014MetricsAuthor Information Karim Chamie More articles by this author Eric Ballon-Landa More articles by this author Jeffrey C. Bassett More articles by this author Timothy J. Daskivich More articles by this author Julie Lai More articles by this author Jan M. Hanley More articles by this author Badrinath R. Konety More articles by this author Mark S. Litwin More articles by this author Christopher S. Saigal More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Treatment patterns in patients with recurrent high-risk bladder cancer.

303 Background: Patients with high-risk bladder cancer are apt to develop multiple recurrences. Since the association of recurrences with aggressive treatment in individuals with recurrent high-grade disease has not been quantified, we sought to determine whether increasing number of recurrences correlates with higher treatment rates. Methods: Using linked SEER-Medicare data, we identified subjects with recurrent high-grade, non-muscle-invasive disease diagnosed in 1992–2002 and followed until 2007. Using propensity score and competing-risks regression analyses, we quantified the incidence of radical cystectomy, radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy after each recurrence. We further restricted our analyses of treatment in auspicious environments, defined as those patients most suited for aggressive intervention: age &lt;70, Charlson 0, and undifferentiated T1 tumors treated at academic cancer centers. Results: Of 4,521 subjects, (59.6%) 2,694 recurred more than once within two years of diagnosis. Compared with patients who only had one recurrence, those with ≥4 recurrences were less likely to undergo radical cystectomy (9.7% vs 12.1%, p value=0.03), but more likely to undergo radiotherapy (18.0% vs 12.1%, p value&lt;0.01) and systemic chemotherapy (6.7% vs 4.2%, p value&lt;0.01). For patients with ≥4 recurrences, only 25% were treated with curative intent, while 43% were similarly treated in auspicious environments. Conclusions: Only 25% of patients with high-risk bladder cancer who recur ≥4 times undergo treatment for curative intent. Increasing recurrences do not appear to alter the treatment course, as patients and their doctors may be unable or unwilling to proceed with aggressive treatment despite mounting risk of disease progression. [Table: see text]

Development of a collaborative psychiatric advanced pharmacy practice experience

Introduction: Faculty are required to balance multiple duties, including, but not limited to teaching, precepting, and scholarly activity. Likewise, pharmacy managers with faculty appointments are challenged with balancing teaching and administrative duties. With increasing numbers of pharmacy students enrolled in colleges of pharmacy and the recent economic decline, there are concerns that increased responsibilities of faculty and preceptors may lead to sub-optimal advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs). Objectives: Describe a collaborate approach in teaching a psychiatric APPE allowing for additional time for other responsibilities while providing a favorable environment for students. Methods: Pharmacy faculty and managers developed a collaborative psychiatric APPE. The pharmacists divided lectures and case discussions. Students were given many responsibilities (e.g., counseling, intervention documentation). Preceptor evaluations were documented and evaluated. Results: Sixty-four students were precepted over two years. Student evaluations of APPE preceptors averaged 3.74/4.00. Additionally, faculty and pharmacy managers accomplished other activities. Conclusion: It appears this collaborative team taught approach succeeded in providing an auspicious environment for students while allowing preceptors to be productive.

Entrepreneurship and being: the case of the Shaws

Our paper takes the case of John and Elizabeth Shaw, early nineteenth-century English hardware factors. The sources are almost 200 hundred letters written by the Shaws and their circle. Using these, two readings of the Shaws' experiences of creating a business are presented. The first is couched within a narrative structure of plotted stages and finds the Shaws starting, struggling to, and ultimately succeeding in creating a successful business. Here, their actions within a nascent industrialized economy can be described as entrepreneurial – they successfully pursued opportunity through founding an enterprise within economically and technologically auspicious environments. The second, more phenomenological reading, opens up for consideration the questionableness of their experience of ‘being in business’. Here the Shaws' understanding of themselves (as conveyed in personal letters) brings into question the academic tendency to emplot their story as one of the staged growth and profitability. Specifically, it resists attempts to ascribe to their experience entrepreneurial status, not simply because they did not think of themselves as entrepreneurs, but because the appearance of the business for the Shaws was woven with their lives in ways that belie the narrative direction and coherence that concepts like entrepreneurship give to it.

Ocean–Atmosphere Interactions in the Emergence of Complexity in Simple Chemical Systems

The prebiotic conversion of simple organic molecules into complex biopolymers necessary for life can only have emerged on a stage set by geophysics. The transition between "prebiotic soup," the diverse mixture of small molecules, and complex, self-replicating organisms requires passing through the bottleneck of fundamental chemistry. In this Account, we examine how water-air interfaces, namely, the surfaces of lakes, oceans, and atmospheric aerosols on ancient Earth, facilitated the emergence of complex structures necessary for life. Aerosols are liquid or solid suspensions in air with a broad, power law size distribution. Collectively, these globally distributed atmospheric particles have an enormous surface area. Organic films at the interface between water and air offer advantages for biomolecular synthesis compared with the bulk and can simultaneously participate in the folding of biopolymers into primitive enclosed structures. We survey the advantages of the water-air interface for prebiotic chemistry in a geophysical context from three points of view. We examine the formation of biopolymers from simple organic precursors and describe the necessity and availability of enclosures. In addition, we provide a statistical mechanical approach to natural selection and emergence of complexity that proposes a link between these molecular mechanisms and macroscopic scales. Very large aerosol populations were ubiquitous on ancient Earth, and the surfaces of lakes, oceans, and atmospheric aerosols would have provided an auspicious environment for the emergence of complex structures necessary for life. These prebiotic reactors would inevitably have incorporated the products of chemistry into their anhydrous, two-dimensional organic films in the three-dimensional fluids of the gaseous atmosphere and the liquid ocean. The untrammeled operation of natural selection on these aerosols provided the likely location where condensation reactions could form biopolymers by elimination of water. The fluctuating exposure of the large, recycling aerosol populations to radiation, pressure, temperature, and humidity over geological time allows complexity to emerge from simple molecular precursors. We propose an approach that connects chemical statistical thermodynamics and the macroscopic world of the planetary ocean and atmosphere.

Moving Toward Global Science

We are experiencing a new era in the advancement of science. More nations recognize that innovation, driven by science and engineering (S&amp;E), is the fuel for economic growth, prosperity, and social well-being. Global annual investment in R&amp;D has doubled since 1996 to $1.1 trillion. There is strong determination in countries large and small to be aggressively competitive in R&amp;D growth, given the lure of innovation, the sway of geopolitical events, and tighter economic interdependence. Relative to their respective gross domestic products, China, India, Korea, Singapore, and Qatar are some of the nations that have substantially increased investments in S&amp;E research and education, with a focus on the strategic development of their S&amp;E workforce. Relative precollege student achievement rankings, intellectual property registrations, and authorship of scientific papers highlight a dynamic global balance. At the same time, the world has become highly interconnected, so that local economic shifts hinge not only on long-term support for scientific research in each country but also on creative global collaboration. Cooperation in this context requires new thinking and an auspicious environment in which to cultivate and fortify this synergy. What strategies will move us there?

O ENSINO DA ÉTICA EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO: PERCEPÇÕES E OPINIÕES DOS ALUNOS

&lt;p&gt;O objetivo deste trabalho é o de ampliar o entendimento sobre as percepções e opiniões dos alunos a respeito do ensino da Ética nas escolas de Administração. Com base em estudo junto a um grupo de alunos de curso de graduação em Administração de uma faculdade privada do Rio de Janeiro, buscou-se investigar: qual a concepção dos alunos sobre o termo Ética; qual a importância que eles atribuem ao estudo da Ética e como deve ser o ensino da Ética nas escolas de Administração. A revisão bibliográfica trata da definição deste constructo e das contribuições de estudos sobre o ensino da Ética em Administração. Para se atingir o&lt;br /&gt;objetivo proposto, utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio de sete grupos focais, totalizando 74 participantes. Os resultados evidenciaram a importância que os alunos conferem ao ensino da Ética na faculdade de Administração, a ênfase em métodos de ensino participativo&lt;br /&gt;em um ambiente favorável bem como as críticas ao enfoque dado pela faculdade ao ensino da Ética. As conclusões apontam caminhos para o ensino de Ética nas faculdades de Administração. &lt;/p&gt;