Au ZnO Research Articles

Anticancer Efficacy of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide and Gold Nanoparticles

Abstract Introduction/Objective Introduction: Advancements in nanoscale materials have led to the exploration of metal oxides for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are particularly promising due to their biocompatibility and anticancer properties demonstrated across various cancer cell lines. Objectives This study aimed to isolate fungal endophytes from Eucalyptus sideroxylon leaves and utilize them for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (ZnO NPs and Au NPs) to assess their anticancer activity. Methods/Case Report Methods: Healthy Eucalyptus sideroxylon samples were collected from a desert research center, and endophytes were isolated and cultivated. The fungal biomass was processed to synthesize ZnO NPs and Au NPs. Cell lines were propagated for cytotoxicity experiments using the MTT assay in a 96-well plate format. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) Results: Biosynthesized ZnO and Au NPs exhibited anticancer activity against HCT-116 and CACO2 cell lines. The IC50 values for ZnO NPs were 5.06 μg/mL for HCT-116 and 6.07 μg/mL for CACO2, while Au NPs showed IC50 values of 5.9 μg/mL for HCT-116 and 1.1 μg/mL for CACO2. ZnO NPs demonstrated dose-dependent toxicity on HCT-116 cells, with increasing concentrations leading to a reduction in cell viability. Similarly, Au NPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity on both cell lines. Conclusion Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of endophytic fungi for biosynthesizing metal nanoparticles with significant anticancer effects. ZnO NPs displayed superior efficacy against colon cancer cells compared to Au NPs, indicating their potential as therapeutic agents. The findings highlight the importance of exploring natural sources for nanoparticle synthesis and their application in cancer therapy.

Plasmonic ZnO-Au Nanocomposites: A Synergistic Approach to Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity through Nonthermal Plasma-Assisted Synthesis

A novel and efficient method for synthesizing Au-decorated ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced photocatalytic activity is presented. The synthesis involves a two-step process: hydrothermal preparation of ZnO NPs followed by nonthermal plasma-assisted deposition of Au nanoparticles on their surface. Comprehensive characterization of the ZnO and ZnO–Au NPs was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Optical properties were evaluated via UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence measurements. The synthesized ZnO NPs displayed a hexagonal wurtzite structure, and the successful deposition of Au NPs was confirmed by TEM and XPS analysis, along with Raman and fluorescence data showing the quenching effect caused by Au. The incorporation of Au nanoparticles led to the appearance of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at 540 nm, enhancing visible light absorption and improving photocatalytic performance. Notably, the methylene blue (MB) degradation efficiency increased from 78% with pure ZnO NPs to 91.6% with ZnO–Au NPs under UV-Vis irradiation, demonstrating superior photocatalytic activity. This study introduces a simple and scalable method for synthesizing plasmonic ZnO-Au hybrid nanomaterials using plasma technology and highlights the critical role of Au NPs in enhancing photocatalytic performance by reducing electron–hole recombination.

Highly sensitive triethylamine gas sensor based on CeO2-modified Au–ZnO

Highly sensitive triethylamine gas sensor based on CeO2-modified Au–ZnO

Diagnosis and classification of kidney transplant rejection using machine learning-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a single drop of serum

The quest to reduce kidney transplant rejection has emphasized the urgent requirement for the development of non-invasive, precise diagnostic technologies. These technologies aim to detect antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR), which are asymptomatic and pose a risk of potential kidney damage. The protocols for managing rejection caused by ABMR and TCMR differ, and diagnosis has traditionally relied on invasive biopsy procedures. Therefore, a convergence system using a nano-sensing chip, Raman spectroscopy, and AI technology was introduced to facilitate diagnosis using serum samples obtained from patients with no major abnormality, ABMR, and TCMR after kidney transplantation. Tissue biopsy and Banff score analysis were performed across the groups for validation, and 5 μL of serum obtained at the same time was added onto the Au–ZnO nanorod-based Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering sensing chip to obtain Raman spectroscopy signals. The accuracy of machine learning algorithms for principal component-linear discriminant analysis and principal component-partial least squares discriminant analysis was 93.53% and 98.82%, respectively. The collagen (an indicative of kidney injury), creatinine, and amino acid-derived signals (markers of kidney function) contributed to this accuracy; however, the high accuracy was primarily due to the ability of the system to analyze a broad spectrum of various biomarkers.

Retraction Note: Comparative study of the antioxidant, toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of both Digenea simplex polysaccharides and their corresponding (ZnO–Au) bimetallic nanoparticles

Retraction Note: Comparative study of the antioxidant, toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of both Digenea simplex polysaccharides and their corresponding (ZnO–Au) bimetallic nanoparticles

Ternary heterostructure-driven photoinduced electron-hole separation enhanced oxidative stress for triple-negative breast cancer therapy

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) stand as among the most significant metal oxide nanoparticles in trigger the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptosis. Nevertheless, the utilization of ZnO NPs has been limited by the shallowness of short-wavelength light and the constrained production of ROS. To overcome these limitations, a strategy involves achieving a red shift towards the near-infrared (NIR) light spectrum, promoting the separation and restraining the recombination of electron-hole (e−-h+) pairs. Herein, the hybrid plasmonic system Au@ZnO (AZ) with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) doping (AZG) nano heterostructures is rationally designed for optimal NIR-driven cancer treatment. Significantly, a multifold increase in ROS generation can be achieved through the following creative initiatives: (i) plasmonic Au nanorods expands the photocatalytic capabilities of AZG into the NIR domain, offering a foundation for NIR-induced ROS generation for clinical utilization; (ii) elaborate design of mesoporous core-shell AZ structures facilitates the redistribution of electron-hole pairs; (iii) the incorporation GQDs in mesoporous structure could efficiently restrain the recombination of the e−-h+ pairs; (iv) Modification of hyaluronic acid (HA) can enhance CD44 receptor mediated targeted triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In addition, the introduced Au NRs present as catalysts for enhancing photothermal therapy (PTT), effectively inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. The resulting HA-modified AZG (AZGH) exhibits efficient hot electron injection and e−-h+ separation, affording unparalleled convenience for ROS production and enabling NIR-induced PDT for the cancer treanment. As a result, our well-designed mesoporous core-shell AZGH hybrid as photosensitizers can exhibit excellent PDT efficacy.

Metal oxide-based gas sensor array for VOCs determination in complex mixtures using machine learning

Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the breath is becoming a viable route for the early detection of diseases non-invasively. This paper presents a sensor array of 3 component metal oxides that give maximal cross-sensitivity and can successfully use machine learning methods to identify four distinct VOCs in a mixture. The metal oxide sensor array comprises NiO-Au (ohmic), CuO-Au (Schottky), and ZnO–Au (Schottky) sensors made by the DC reactive sputtering method and having a film thickness of 80–100 nm. The NiO and CuO films have ultrafine particle sizes of < 50 nm and rough surface texture, while ZnO films consist of nanoscale platelets. This array was subjected to various VOC concentrations, including ethanol, acetone, toluene, and chloroform, one by one and in a pair/mix of gases. Thus, the response values show severe interference and departure from commonly observed power law behavior. The dataset obtained from individual gases and their mixtures were analyzed using multiple machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree, Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Artificial Neural Network, and Support Vector Machine. KNN and RF have shown more than 99% accuracy in classifying different varying chemicals in the gas mixtures. In regression analysis, KNN has delivered the best results with an R2 value of more than 0.99 and LOD of 0.012 ppm, 0.015 ppm, 0.014 ppm, and 0.025 ppm for predicting the concentrations of acetone, toluene, ethanol, and chloroform, respectively, in complex mixtures. Therefore, it is demonstrated that the array utilizing the provided algorithms can classify and predict the concentrations of the four gases simultaneously for disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring.Graphical

Biosynthesis of Gold- and Silver-Incorporated Carbon-Based Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites for the Photodegradation of Textile Dyes and Various Pharmaceuticals

Wastewater contaminated with dyes from the textile industry has been at the forefront in the last few decades, thus, it is imperative to find treatment methods that are safe and efficient. In this study, C. benghalensis plant extracts were used to synthesise by mass 20 mg/80 mg zinc oxide–carbon spheres (20/80 ZnO–CSs) nanocomposites, and the incorporation of the nanocomposites with 1% silver (1% Ag–ZnO–CSs) and 1% gold (1% Au–ZnO–CSs) was conducted. The impact of Ag and Au dopants on the morphological, optical, and photocatalytic properties of these nanocomposites in comparison to 20/80 ZnO–CSs was investigated. TEM, XRD, UV-vis, FTIR, TGA, and BET revealed various properties for these nanocomposites. TEM analysis revealed spherical particles with size distributions of 40–80 nm, 50–200 nm, and 50–250 nm for 1% Ag–ZnO–CSs, 1% Au–ZnO–CSs, and 20/80 ZnO–CSs, respectively. XRD data showed peaks corresponding to Ag, Au, ZnO, and CSs in all nanocomposites. TGA analysis reported a highly thermally stable material in ZnO-CS. The photocatalytic testing showed the 1% Au–ZnO–CSs to be the most efficient catalyst with a 98% degradation for MB textile dye. Moreover, 1% Au–ZnO–CSs also exhibited high degradation percentages for various pharmaceuticals. The material could not be reused and the trapping studies demonstrated that both OH• radicals and the e− play a crucial role in the degradation of the MB. The photocatalyst in this study demonstrated effectiveness and high flexibility in degrading diverse contaminants.

1D ZnO–Au nanocomposites as label-free photoluminescence immunosensors for rapid detection of Listeria monocytogenes

In this study, we explore the potential of 1D ZnO–Au nanocomposites as innovative label-free photoluminescence (PL) immunosensors for rapidly detecting Listeria monocytogenes, a significant concern in food safety. We synthesized ZnO nanorods (ZnO_NR) and nanowires (ZnO_NW), followed by Au deposition to create ZnO_NR/Au and ZnO_NW/Au nanocomposites. Our analyses, including SEM, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL), revealed distinct structural and optical properties of these nanocomposites, especially noting the superior crystallinity and stability of ZnO_NR/Au. The biosensor performance was evaluated through PL sensitivity to Anti-Listeria antibodies, demonstrating that ZnO_NR with higher concentration of Au nanoparticles exhibited higher sensitivity and a lower limit of detection (LOD), attributed to a greater density of Listeria binding sites. The developed biosensor demonstrated a remarkable limit of detection (LOD) of 8.3 × 102 CFU/mL, rivaling or surpassing conventional culture-based methods and some molecular techniques. This research underscores the critical role of Au deposition duration in optimizing biosensor performance and presents a promising advancement in rapid and sensitive Listeria detection, with significant implications for enhancing food safety protocols.

Heterostructures made from bone-like plasmonic Au nanoantennas and ZnO quantum dots for broadband photodetectors

The BLAuNAs/ZnO heterostructures not only improve the photoresponse to UV light but also extend the photoresponse to the visible light region due to the plasmonic properties of BLAuNAs and their material nature.

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Erythromycin and Hemoglobin by Flexible Carbon Cloth Modified with ZnO Nanorod Arrays and Au Nanoparticles by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)

Simultaneous determination of erythromycin (Ery) and hemoglobin (Hb) is of great significance for clinical diagnosis of many diseases. ZnO nanorods modified with Au nanoparticles were fabricated as an interface on the flexible carbon cloth (CC) and utilized to simultaneously determine Ery and Hb by a simple electrochemical method. The results demonstrated that Au/ZnO/CC displayed excellent analytical performance for Ery with a low detection limit of 3.38 × 10−7 mg/L and a linear range from 1 × 10−6 to 1 × 10−1 mg/L. At the same time, the sensor also showed a sensitive response to Hb with a low detection limit of 2.07 × 10−7 mg/L and a linear range from 1 × 10−6 to 1 × 10−1 mg/L. This work provides a viable approach for designing a flexible electrode and sensitive simultaneous determination of Ery and Hb.

Viability of MDR bacteria against antibacterial biosynthesized ZnO and Au Nanoparticles

Abstract Introduction/Objective: Background Resistant strain diseases are increasing worldwide. Antimicrobials are concerned about pathogen-acquired resistance. Nanotechnology advances enable the creation of novel formulations based on various nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes and antibacterial characteristics. Methods/Case Report Materials and methods All fungi were isolated and cultivated on malt extract broth. The endophytic fungus was cultured. Zn and Au nanoparticles have been produced by adding 0.1 M, 1 mL of Zn SO4, and HAuCl4 to 10 mL of fungal filtrate. Characterization of nanoparticles by the extracts' UV-visible spectrum shows ZnO NPs and Au NPs' green synthesis. UV-Vis, HR-TEM, XRD patterns, EDX analysis, and a Zeta-sizer characterize NPs' optical properties and morphology. Using 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, biosynthesized Au and ZnO NPs' MICs against bacteria were determined. The bacterial culture was cultivated until it reached an Mc-Farland standard of 0.5. After that, 10 uL of bacterial suspension was pipetted into 140 uL of nutritional broth with 0.12 to 31.25 ug/mL ZnO and Au NPs. ZnO- and Au-free nutrient broth was used as a control. Wells that didn't turn red was examined for MIC values. Results (if a Case Study enter NA): Results The fungal filtrate's color changed from light yellow to colorless and violet after mixing with ZnSO4 and HAuCl4, respectively, ensuring nanoparticle formation. UV-Vis spectra: ZnO NPs were confirmed by excitonic absorption peaks between 300 and 400 nm; the maximum absorbance peak was 305 nm, while Au NPs' peak was 520 nm. Results showed that Au NPs and ZnO NPs have a hydrodynamic diameter (HD) of 34.88 nm and 15.77 nm, respectively. Our EDX analysis revealed that both nanoparticles have 64.61 and 35.39 % Zn and O stoichiometric mass percent. Energy dispersive X-rays showed a peak optical absorption band at 2.2 keV in gold nanocrystallites. Au NPs and ZnO NPs had MICs of 7.81 and 1.95 ug ml-1 against P. aeruginosa and 3.9 and 0.98 against E. coli, respectively. ZnO NPs' MIC against E. coli and P. aeruginosa is lower than Au NPs'. ZnO NPs increased microbial cell proliferation, and its inhibition was affected by the concentrations, sizes, and forms. Conclusion Our study investigated that the number of pathogens Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreases as nanoparticle concentration increases. So, ZnO NPs and Au NPs can inhibit bacterial development and cytoplasmic leak contents at lower concentrations.

Visible and angular interrogation of Kretschmann-based SPR using hybrid Au–ZnO optical sensor for hyperuricemia detection

Uric acid is a waste product of the human body where high levels of it or hyperuricemia can lead to gout, kidney disease and other health issues. In this paper, Finite Difference Time Doman (FDTD) simulation method was used to develop a plasmonic optical sensor to detect uric acid with molarity ranging from 0 to 3.0 mM. A hybrid layer of gold-zinc oxide (Au–ZnO) was used in this Kretschmann-based Surface Plasmon Resonance (K-SPR) technique with angular interrogation at 670 nm and 785 nm visible optical wavelengths. The purpose of this study is to observe the ability of the hybrid material as a sensing performance enhancer for differentiating between healthy and unhealthy uric acid levels based on the refractive index values from previous study. Upon exposure to 670 nm wavelength, the average sensitivity of this sensor was found to be 0.028°/mM with a linearity of 98.67 % and Q-factor value of 0.0053 mM−1. While at 785 nm, the average sensitivity is equal to 0.0193°/mM with slightly lower linearity at 94.46 % and Q-factor value of 0.0076 mM−1. The results have proven the ability of hybrid material Au–ZnO as a sensing performance enhancer for detecting uric acid when compared with bare Au and can be further explored in experimental work.

Defects Healing of the ZnO Surface by Filling with Au Atom Catalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic H2 Production.

Healed defects on photocatalysts surface and their interaction with plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted attention in H2 production process. In this study, surface oxygen vacancy (Vo ) defects are created on ZnO (Vo -ZnO) NPs by directly pyrolyzing zeolitic imidazolate framework. The surface defects on Vo -ZnO provide active sites for the diffusion of single Au atoms and as nucleation sites for the formation of Au NPs by the in situ photodeposition process. The electronically healed surface defects by single Au atoms help in the formation of a heterojunction between the ZnO and plasmonic Au NPs. The formed Au/Vo -Au:ZnO-4 heterojunction prolongs photoelectron lifetimes and increases donor charge density. Therefore, the optimized photocatalysts of Au/Vo -Au:ZnO-4 has 21.28 times higher H2 production rate than the pristine Vo -ZnO under UV-visible light in 0.35m Na2 SO4 and 0.25m Na2 SO3 . However in 0.35m Na2 S and 0.25m Na2 SO3 , the H2 production rate is 25.84 mmole h-1 g-1 . Furthermore, Au/Vo -Au:ZnO-4 shows visible light activity by generating hot carries via induced surface plasmonic effects. It has 48.58 times higher H2 production rate than pristine Vo -ZnO. Therefore, this study infers new insight for defect healing mediated preparation of Au/Vo -Au:ZnO heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic H2 production.

Au–ZnO Nanomatches as Radiosensitizers with Improved Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Tumor Hypoxia Modulation for Enhanced Radiotherapy on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Au–ZnO Nanomatches as Radiosensitizers with Improved Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Tumor Hypoxia Modulation for Enhanced Radiotherapy on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Ultraviolet photodetectors based on ZnO nanowires with SiO2/ZnO multilayers

Ultraviolet photodetectors (UV PDs) have been a frequently studied focus of optoelectronic semiconductor devices because of their large range of applications. As one of the most famous materials in third-generation semiconductors, ZnO-based UV PDs have received a great deal of attention in various research areas. Due to the carrier transport channel and higher exciton bond energy, ZnO nanowires (NWs) have better photoelectron sensitivity under UV light than ZnO films. Here, well-organized ZnO NWs were fabricated on ZnO-seeded substrates via a hydrothermal method. Multilayers of double SiO2/ZnO(S/Z) layers were designed on the NWs, and the Schottky barrier was introduced by the close contact of the ZnO NWs and gold electrodes to improve the performance of ZnO UV PDs. Characteristics of the dark current, photocurrent, rise time, decay time, photo-to-current ratio (S), and responsivity values (Rs) of the PDs were studied. Furthermore, multilayer UV PDs were achieved on both Si and quartz substrates. S of the ZnO S/Z-based UV PDs fabricated on a silica substrate can reach 55.57, which is better than the values of ZnO UV PDs reported previously. Compared with silica-based UV PDs with S/Z layers, quartz-based UV PDs with S/Z layers show a higher performance of Rs, which reach 12.62 A/W. ZnO NWs with multilayers and the Schottky contact between ZnO NWs and Au are promising candidates in high-sensitivity UV PDs.

Synthesis and characterization of Au–ZnO nanorods growth by CVD method

Synthesis and characterization of Au–ZnO nanorods growth by CVD method

Tuning the SERS Capabilities of ZnO Nanowire Arrays Functionalized with Au Quantum Dots for Highly Sensitive Detection of Methylene Blue

AbstractThe development of a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate capable of sensing the target analyte at low concentration has always been demanding. In this prospective, ZnO−Au quantum dots (QDs) hybrid structure with tunable surface properties and high chemical stability is considered a promising material for SERS applications. Here, a novel ZnO@Au QDs hybrid structures with various amounts of Au QDs (ZnO−Aux QDs, where x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 1.0) was synthesized by employing solvothermal along with electrodeposition approach. The optimized substrate, ZnO@Au QDs (0.6) exhibits excellent SERS sensitivity for the detection of MB up to 1 nM with a good reproducibility. The chemical and compositional analysis show that the surface defects are formed due to the interface interactions which not only promote charge transfer between ZnO nanowires and Au QDs complex but also enhanced the Raman scattering of target analyte. The developed substrate demonstrates excellent SERS uniformity which makes them reliable choice for the detection of multi‐analyte for practical applications.

Plasmonic gold nanoplates-decorated ZnO branched nanorods@TiO2 nanorods heterostructure photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Transition metal-oxide semiconductors have shown great potential in the renewable energy harvesting and conversion, e.g., photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, the existing disadvantages of semiconductors, such as insufficient solar light utilization and fast charge recombination, are urgently needed to be addressed to realize an efficient PEC device. In this work, we synthesized a well-defined ZnO branched nanorods (b-NRs) attached to TiO2 nanorod (NR) arrays on FTO substrate using atomic layer deposition (ALD) and hydrothermal method. Meanwhile, Au triangular nanoplates (TNPs) were also incorporated with ZnO@TiO2 heterostructure by immersing the structure in Au TNPs solution. The ZnO b-NRs@TiO2 NRs and Au TNPs@ZnO b-NRs@TiO2 NRs exhibited the photocurrent densities of 0.490 mA/cm2 and 0.733 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode which were 2.8 and 4.2 times of pure TiO2 NR arrays (0.176 mA/cm2), respectively. Incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency measurements showed enhanced photoactivity after Au TNPs decoration. Moreover, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Mott-Schottky analysis provided further evidence that the separation of photogenerated carriers and the transfer kinetics of charge carriers at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface were greatly improved by the ZnO b-NRs modification and Au TNPs decoration. It was concluded that the significantly enhanced PEC water splitting performance was attributed to the synergistic effect of the three-dimensional ZnO@TiO2 composites heterostructure and the localized surface plasmon resonance resulting from Au TNPs. This study reported a facile combination of ALD and hydrothermal method for fabricating ZnO branched heterostructure and decorating Au TNPs to improve the PEC water splitting performance of TiO2.

Green synthesis, phytochemical analysis, characterization and cytotoxic evaluation of gold–zinc oxide nanocomposites using Russian Artemisia leaf extract

An easy and rapid method has been investigated for the biosynthesis of gold–zinc oxide nanocomposites (Au–ZnO NCs) coated with L-lysine using Russian Artemisia leaf extract (RAL). The phytochemical analysis of RAL has shown a high concentration of total phenols and total flavonoids. Characterization of Au–ZnO NCs@L-lysine@RAL was performed using a variety of spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV–Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). EDS analysis revealed high-purity gold and zinc in Au–ZnO NCs@L-lysine@RAL. Based on the SEM and TEM results, the size of the nanocomposite was 40 ± 5 nm and it was spherical in shape. The analysis of EDS, FESEM and TEM confirmed the XRD pattern. An MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of Au–ZnO NCs@L-lysine@RAL and RAL on A549 lung cancer cells. The results indicated moderate anticancer properties with IC50 values of 1301.11 ± 10.6 and 1005. 6 ± 9.7 μM for RAL and Au–ZnO NCs@L-lysine@RAL, respectively. Au–ZnO​ NCs@L-lysine@RAL, which was synthesized by a simple and rapid green method, could be investigated as a new drug delivery system.