Attitude Of Health Personnel Research Articles

Assessment on the attitude of health personnel towards hygiene practice: a case study

Assessment on the attitude of health personnel towards hygiene practice: a case study

Improving knowledge and attitude to tackle covid-19 transmission in a health care facility of North Sumatra’s village

COVID-19 hits Indonesia with massive social restrictions in many aspects of life. In some Indonesian rural areas, information related to the pandemic through online platforms and social media is accessible. However, most of the information is inaccurate. Improving individual knowledge is crucial to support the government’s campaign for COVID-19 prevention. This cross-sectional, pretest-posttest study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of health personnel toward COVID-19 prevention in a primary healthcare facility in a rural area of North Sumatra. All twenty-two health personnel who worked in the hospital during the study were asked to fill in a two-sectioned questionnaire. The first section contained questions related to knowledge, and the second section was related to attitude toward COVID-19. Following the educational activity, each health personnel filled in the same questionnaire again. We analyzed the data statistically using two-way ANOVA (p<0.05, 95% CI). There were increases in knowledge (p < 0.001) and attitude (p = 0.0002) of the health personnel after the educational activity. Educational activity improves health personnel’s knowledge and attitude regarding COVID-19 prevention.

Attitudes and Intentions of Health Personnel towards Covid-19 Vaccination in Kaziba Health Zone

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is a virus of the coronavidae family and of the beta coronavirus group, such as those responsible for SARS and MERS. This Covid-19 is more contagious than SARS and MERS but with a lower death rate. Covid-19 vaccine is a pharmaceutical tool to control the transmission of Covid-19 among the health personnel and the general population. The acceptance of Covid-19 vaccination remains reluctant among the health personnel. The purposes of this study are to determine the intentions and attitudes of health personnel vis-à-vis to Covid-19 vaccination and, to determine the reasons for accepting and refusing Covid-19 vaccination among health personnel in Kaziba Health Zone from 15 to 28 July 2021. Material and methods: our study was descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study. A random sampling method was carried out to collect the data through survey questionnaire with 102 health personnel. The data was analyzed with SPSS and Chi-square test was carried out. Results: the intentions and attitudes of the health personnel vis-à-vis to Covid-19 vaccination was (31.4%), and the participants who declared the mandatory Covid-19 vaccination was 31.4%. The health personnel who accepted the covid-19 vaccine were 21.6%, however, those who refused was 45.1%. Conclusion: health personnel do not have acceptable intentions and attitudes towards Covid-19 vaccination. Only nurses and midwives, physicians and healthcare assistance staff were agreeable to Covid-19 vaccination to control the pandemic. Lack of information was the main refusal reason for Covid-19 vaccination. The health personnel were not willingly too mandatory Covid-19 vaccination. Keywords: Attitudes, Covid-19, Health personnel, Intentions, Kaziba, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination.

Predictors and Facilitators of High Viral Load in HIV Positive Persons on Antiretroviral Treatment in the East Region of Cameroon

Viral load (VL) determination is the standard to assess the effectiveness of Anti-retroviral Therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWIV). According to Cameroon national ART guidelines, VL determination in PLHIV should be done after six months of starting ART and then every 12 months. Unsuppressed VL occurs when ARV’s fails to suppress viral load and is associated with decreased survival and increased risk of HIV transmission, morbidity, and mortality. A sequential and exploratory facility and community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 391 patients on first-line ART in public health facilities in the East region of Cameroon from January 2021 to January 2022. Structural questionnaires and a review of medical records were the data source of the study. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis, and Chi-squared (χ2) tests to explore the associations between outcome variables and the independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors and facilitators of high viral load at 95% CI and P < 0.05 statistically significant level. Age, marital status, Occupation, food insecurity, switching regimen, and non-adherence were found to be the predictors of high viral load, while the distance from the clinic, medication side effects, substance use, poverty, missing clinical appointment or ARV doses, knowledge on ARV and health personnel attitudes were found to be facilitators. Unsuppressed viral load among PLWH in the East region of Cameroon is cause by predictors and facilitators. Therefore, need for targeted interventions for patients on ART who are at high risk of becoming virally unsuppressed. Keywords. Adherence, Anti-retroviral therapy, Enhanced adherence counselling (EAC), Suppressed, Unsuppressed, Viral load.

Autopsy-related work experience: An important factor affecting knowledge and attitudes of health personnel toward autopsy.

Despite benefits, autopsy rates continue to fall globally. The effects of education, religion, and culture on autopsy rates are well documented. This study examines the knowledge and attitudes of health personnel, aiming to identify other factors affecting autopsy rates in our environment. This is a cross-sectional non-intervention study using semi-structured questionnaires and Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 21, for data collection and analysis. Seventeen percent, 50%, and 33% of participants had good, fair, and poor knowledge about autopsies, respectively. Poor understanding of the legal framework governing autopsies accounted for significant gaps in knowledge. Knowledge grade differed significantly amongst the different professional groups (χ2 = 33.14; P value = 0.016). Eighty-two percent had good attitudes toward autopsy, though only 63% indicated approval. About 74% percent indicated willingness to consent to autopsies on relations, while 45.3% indicated willingness to consent to autopsy on self-remains. Autopsy-related work experience correlated strongly with both knowledge (χ2 = 22.34; P value = 0.004) and attitude (χ2 = 24.28; P value = 0.004) grades. Multinominal regression analysis showed autopsy-related work experience to be an independent determinant of willingness to consent to autopsy on self (P value = 0.023). Autopsy rates in Benin city and environs may reflect lack of knowledge or a misunderstanding of the laws guiding autopsy. Autopsy-related work experience is an important factor influencing knowledge and attitude of health personnel in this study. Its effect on autopsy request and acceptance rates should be further evaluated.

Mapping the Intellectual Structure of Medical Sociology: A Co-Word Analysis.

Medical sociology is concerned with the relationship between social factors and health, and with the application of sociological theory and research techniques to questions related to health and the health care system. Considering the wide range of studies in the field that each examined different aspects, to promote health in community, bibliometrics analysis in this area is felt. In this descriptive-analytical study with a scientometric approach, the data about "medical sociology" were retrieved from PubMed in MEDINE format, including 1226 records over the period 1945-2018. By using Co-word analysis, clustering methods, and strategic diagram with the help of SPSS, UcInet 6 software the data were analyzed. The keyword "Attitude to Health" and two pairs of frequently used keywords, namely "Power (Psychology)*Professional Autonomy" were the most frequent in medical sociology. The results shaped the concepts of medical sociology in 7 clusters. The clusters "Attitude of health personnel", "Health Policy" and "Sociology of Medical Education" are topics that may be emerging or disappearing. The "Physicians", "Models of Social Determinants of Health" and "medical philosophy" are immature clusters. This research used co-word networks that indicate the important links between keywords of research areas. Considering the frequency of keywords along with the clusters obtained, it seems that the most research approach was seen on the medical aspect rather than the sociological aspect. Despite the importance of sociological aspects such as social rooting of disease, sociability, medicine as a social institution and etiological studies, these subjects have not been sufficiently considered.

The knowledge and attitudes of health professionals working in mother-friendly hospitals about complementary therapy and supportive care methods.

INTRODUCTIONIt is important that the healthcare professionals who are with the mother at the moment of birth and afterwards, know and apply effective complementary treatment and supportive care methods, and also know their effects and limitations. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge levels and attitudes of health personnel about complementary therapy and supportive care methods to be used in the management of labor pain and postpartum period.METHODSA cross-sectional study included 142 midwives/nurses and physicians working in the delivery room and maternity services of mother-friendly hospitals in Manisa, Turkey, between August 2018 and April 2019. The questionnaire consisting of 25 questions evaluated the knowledge and attitudes of the participants about complementary therapy and supportive care methods.RESULTSIt was found that 30.6% of the healthcare professionals participating in the study used complementary treatment and supportive care methods in their patients. The least heard method was chiropractic (6.6%), the best-known method was hydrotherapy (water birth) (5.8%) and the most used method was massage (14.0%). It was determined that the mean total attitude score of the healthcare workers on complementary treatment and supportive care methods was 18.57 ± 5.12 (range: 8–40). It was found that the education levels of healthcare professionals (z= -2.144, p<0.05) and the institutions affect (χ2=23.417; p<0.05) the attitude scores.CONCLUSIONSOne out of every two healthcare professionals did not have information about complementary treatment and supportive care methods. Healthcare professionals mostly have positive opinions about these methods.

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors acting as barriers or facilitators in nurses' implementation of clinical practice guidelines: a mixed-method systematic review.

Background and aim of the work:Greater evaluations are needed to identify barriers or facilitators in nurses’ guidelines adherence. The current review aims to explore extrinsic and intrinsic factors impacting nurses’ compliance.Methods:Mixed-method systematic review with a convergent approach, following the PRISMA checklist and the JBI Mixed Methods Review Methodological Guidance was conducted. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL were systematically searched, to find studies published between 2010 and 2021, including qualitative, quantitative or mixed-methods articles.Results:Sixty studies were included, and the major findings were analysed by aggregating them in two main themes: intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The intrinsic factors were: a) knowledge and skills; b) attitudes of health personnel; c) sense of belonging towards guidelines. The extrinsic factors were: a) organizational and environmental factors; b) workload; c) guidelines structure; d) patients and caregivers’ attitude.Conclusions:The included studies report lack of resources, among environmental factors, as the main barrier perceived. Nurses, who are at the forefront in addressing the direct application of knowledge and skills to ensure patient safety, have a higher perception of this kind of barriers than other healthcare personnel. Potential facilitators emerged in the review are positive feedback and reinforcements at the workplace, either from the members of the team or from the leaders. Moreover, the level of active participation of the patient and caregiver could have a positive impact on nurses’ guidelines adherence. Guidelines implementation remains a complex process, resulting in a strong recommendation to support health policymakers and nursing leaders in implementing continuing education programs. (www.actabiomedica.it)

Music-based environmental therapy and training programme: a qualitative evaluation study, Norway.

Various authors have emphasized music's value as beneficial intervention, with few or hardly any side effects. Further studies are called for on how music-based environmental treatment in nursing homes works in practice. The aims of the study are first to explore the subjective experiences, opinions and attitudes of health personnel from nursing homes participating in the 'music-based environmental therapy programme (MB programme); and second, to examine why and how this programme impacts on patients and staff, and how it works in practice. It is the first qualitative study to evaluate the impact of the programme on health personnel's daily practice in nursing homes. The sample was strategically selected by means of convenience sampling, and consisted of 26 (n = 26) nurses, managers, physiotherapists, social workers and carers from 11 nursing homes in the south-east of Norway. Data were collected in autumn 2019 using a methodological triangulation of in-depth interviews, focus groups and passive observation, and the data were analyzed using systematic text condensation. With systematic use of music in daily activities in the nursing homes, users became calmer and less outspoken, and the use of psychotropic drugs was greatly reduced. The MB programme seems to be a successful intervention that provides a unique opportunity to improve patients' health and well-being with minimal adverse effects. This new focus on non-pharmacological approaches makes investigation of alternatives to medication vital.

The pattern of traditional and modern bone setting among the people in a selected community in Kano, Nigeria: a comparative study

Background: Bone setting practices contribute largely to alternative medicine almost all over the world. It’s commonly accessible in large parts of rural populations. The aim of the study was to determine the pattern of traditional and modern bone settings among the people in a selected community in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional type of study carried out from January to May 2019 to determine the pattern of traditional and modern bone (TBS and MBS) settings among the people residing in Kano, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a total of 222 study participants from the selected community. In this study, a face-to-face interview technique was used to collect the information from the study participants using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 22.0 version.Results: In this study, about 34.7% were between 31-35 years and most of the respondents (28.4%) had secondary school level of education. Slightly above nine-tenths (90.1%) of the respondents stated that TBS is more preferable than MBS and the reason for preference were fear of amputation/operation (51.0%), lack of knowledge (32.0%), the attitude of health personnel (28.0%) and fear of the application of plaster of paris (25.0%).Conclusions: The finding of this study reveals more than half of the respondents had enough knowledge of both traditional and modern bone settings. The public should be educated about the modern method of bone setting and the complications of traditional bone setting.

English

BACKGROUND Mental and behavioural disorders are prevalent in all societies. The stigma and poor attitude towards mental illness and those with mental illness is well known. Similarly, there also exists poor opinions about psychiatrists and psychiatric medications among people. Non psychiatric doctors act as a bridge between the psychiatrists and mentally ill people. This study was conducted to evaluate the attitudes of non-psychiatric doctors towards psychiatrists, psychiatric medications, and mental illness. METHODS The study design was cross sectional, conducted in a town of Andhra Pradesh. A structured proforma was used to capture the sociodemographic details and to measure attitudes towards psychiatrists and psychiatric medications. We used a questionnaire used by Zieger et al. Similarly, to measure the attitudes towards mental illness, belief towards mental illness (BTMI) used by Hirai and Clum was used. The data was analysed using R language, and results obtained were tabulated and discussed. Data was analysed using non parametric tests. RESULTS There were no significant negative attitudes of non-psychiatrists towards psychiatrists and mental illness. But we found significant negative attitudes expressed by medical specialists (P = 0.035) and those in academic settings (P = 0.020) towards psychiatric medications. On comparing the other demographic details there were no significant negative attitudes towards psychiatric medications. CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have found negative attitudes among non-psychiatrists towards psychiatry, psychiatrists and mental illness. But our study found that there are positive attitudes expressed by non-psychiatric doctors towards psychiatrists and mental illness which is a good sign. We believe this is a changing trend towards positive side when compared to past studies. Future studies should be longitudinal and to keep in focus the new curriculum changes. KEYWORDS Attitudes of Health Personnel, Psychiatry, Mental Disorders

Evaluation of the attitudes about patient safety in perioperative care

BackgroundImproving patient safety is an increasing priority for health workers having roles in perioperative care about patient safety. Also, patient safety initiatives aimed at creating a safe operating room culture are increasingly being adopted. This study aims to evaluate the attitudes of health workers who having roles in perioperative care about patient safety. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in a state hospital in the eastern part of Turkey between January 2018 and March 2018 with the participation of 129 volunteer health workers including surgeons, surgical technicians, nurses and other health workers who have roles in perioperative care by using the SAQ-OR instrument. This study aligns with the STROBE checklist. ResultsAn analysis of the relationship between SAQ-OR total and sub-scales scores and age indicated a positive, significant relationship between Teamwork Climate, Job Satisfaction, Safety Climate, Working Conditions and SAQ-OR total scores (p<0.05). Besides, Job Satisfaction, Perceptions of Management, Safety Climate sub-scales and weekly working hours indicated a positive, statistically significant relationship (p<0.01). ConclusionParticipating health personnel's attitudes towards operating rooms were found to be low. More attention should be attached on the issue by the hospital administration in order to improve patient safety culture, which was not found at good levels.

Perioperative Nurses’ Awareness and Attitude about Use of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in India: An Institution Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background: WHO SSC is found to be effective in reducing 57% of surgical complications and decreases surgical morbidity, mortality and sentinel events. Despite the known positive effects of using the surgical safety checklist prior to surgery, its application in practice is much less. It is important to determine the awareness and attitude of health personnel about the use of the checklist, as it can help to implement it. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the awareness and attitude about the use of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) among perioperative nurses and to determine the association between awareness and attitude about the use of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) among perioperative nurses and their selected socio-demographic variables. Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 25 perioperative nurses working at a tertiary care hospital. Data were collected using a validated self-structured socio demographic data assessment sheet, Attitude questionnaire and Awareness scale. Result: Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that awareness and attitude scores were independent to the age, gender, and training institute. Nurses were having significantly higher mean awareness and attitude score about use of WHO SCC i.e. 5.16±1.3 and 17.12±1.1 respectively. Most of the perioperative nurses (92%) had positive attitude towards implementing SSC to prevent errors. There was no significant correlation found between the perioperative nurses’ awareness and attitude about using WHO SCC at p&lt;0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that nurses have significantly higher awareness and positive attitude towards the use of WHO SSC and it’s crucial to prevent major complications of surgeries to achieve patients’ safety. How to cite this article:Sharma SK, Arora D, Rani R. Perioperative Nurses’ Awareness and Attitude about Use of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in India: An Institution Based Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Nurs Midwif Res 2020; 7(1): 31-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.9318.202006

Health Professional and Workers Attitudes Towards the Use of Social Robots for Older Adults in Long-Term Care

The aim of this study was (a) to modify, translate and validate the Chinese version of attitudes towards the use of social robot (ATTUSR-C) questionnaire for use with Taiwanese health personnel; and (b) investigate the attitudes of Taiwanese health personnel in long-term care towards the use of social robots for older adults. The attitudes of health personnel towards social robots can affect the acceptability of social robots for older adults. An investigation of health personnel’s ATTUSRs and the development of a validated Chinese questionnaire is needed. A cross-sectional design was used to conduct this multi-phase study. Data collection was from November 2017 to May 2018. Content validity, internal consistency reliability, and factor analysis of the ATTUSR-C questionnaire were evaluated. Purposive sampling was used. All recruited participants received an email containing study information and a URL link to the survey. The ATTUSR-C questionnaire had good validity and reliability. A total of 416 health professionals responded to the online survey. Most health personnel had positive ATTUSRs in long-term care facilities as they viewed social robots as beneficial and practical in psychosocial care for older adults. Positive ATTUSRs can increase acceptance and utilisation of social robots. This study strives to support nursing work by providing insights into health personnel’s perceptions of social robots, in order to integrate social robots into the care and lives of older adults.

Importance of quality of life in people with dementia treated with enteral nutrition: the role of the nurse

Nutritional problems are common in dementia and can lead to enteral nutrition, a nutritional treatment option in severe stages of dementia. However, the benefits of enteral nutrition in people with dementia are still weak. The decision to use artificial nutrition in these patients is often emotional and complex and the attitudes of health personnel (physicians and nurses) in this sense they are very different. The objective of this review is to show the role of enteral nutrition on quality of life in patients affected by dementia and the possible implications for practice and research, with a special focus on nurse role. We made a literature search in PubMed and Scopus, searching for studies dealing with enteral nutrition and quality of life in dementia. We were able to find only a few observational studies related to enteral nutrition and quality of life, with a lack in the scientific literature regarding the management of nutritional problems in dementia, particularly taking in account quality of life. Furthermore, by orienting the research on a possible role of nurses, there were limited studies on properly nursing aspects. From this work emerges the need for further research in this context for which the training and education of health personnel result of fundamental importance, with a view to improving the quality of life of the patients with dementia and their family.

DEMENTIA BIASES AMONG INTERNATIONAL HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Healthcare providers are not exempt from implicit biases and beliefs that affect attitudes and behaviors. Biases and beliefs about dementia can be a barrier to appropriate dementia care and require exploration. In January 2018, we examined the research literature to identify what is known about healthcare providers, biases, beliefs, and dementia-related stigma. Search included Pubmed, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, and Cochrane Database using keywords and subject terms: doctor, physician, provider, clinician, healthcare provider, nurse, physician assistant, patient care team; AND treatment, patient care, delivery of healthcare, doctor patient relation*; AND bias, implicit bias, stigma, discrimination, healthcare disparit*, attitude of health personnel, stereotyp*, sexism, racism, ageism; AND dementia, Alzheimer*. Results were limited to English and publication 2014 or later. Commentaries, case studies, and non-peer reviewed articles were excluded. Reference lists of articles and literature reviews were searched. Eligibility criteria focused on dementia biases and stigma. We identified 1750 citations. After removing duplicates, we screened 1652 titles and abstracts, selecting 74 articles for full-text review. Of the twenty-four (24) that met eligibility criteria and were included, 13 were qualitative, 8 quantitative, and 3 mixed-methods. Studies represented providers from the UK (7), USA (3), Sweden (3), the Netherlands (2), Australia (2), Finland, Belgium, France, Japan, China, Nepal, Israel. We found the following themes: implicit biases; (ageism, therapeutic nihilism) and structural biases (insufficient education, insufficient time). Biases affecting care included use of restraints, communication, dementia screening, and diagnosis. Implications of these findings for education, practice, and future research will be presented.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Health Personnel About Organ Donation: A Tertiary Hospital Example, Turkey

ObjectiveIn order to increase limited organ donations, public awareness must be raised. It is also essential that health personnel have enough knowledge about organ donation. This research aims at determining health personnel knowledge and attitudes about organ donation in a tertiary hospital with an organ transplant center. MethodsThis prospective, cross-sectional research was conducted between January 10, 2017 and March 1, 2017, in Gülhane Education and Research Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. A survey including 20 questions about sociodemographic characteristics and organ donation was used. Twelve hundred surveys were distributed and 1012 of them (84.3%) were analyzed. ResultsAge range of the participants was 18 to 63 years. Of the 1012 participants, 241 (23.8%) were physicians, 202 (20%) were nurses, 220 (21.7%) were health technicians, and 349 (34.5%) were nonclinical staff. Of all participants, 603 (59.6%) had enough information about organ donation, 431 (42.6%) chose media and internet as information sources about organ donation. It was found that 534 (52.8%) of health personnel were volunteers for organ donation; however, only 169 (16.7%) of them had an organ donation card. ConclusionMore than half of health personnel were volunteers themselves for organ donation and had enough knowledge about this subject. Physicians were more positive about organ donation than other health personnel.

Survey on attitude to sexually transmitted disease testing among physicians in community health service centers of 20 cities in China

Objective To survey the attitude to sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing among physicians in community health service centers (CHC) of 20 cities in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey using stratified random sample was conducted in September to December 2015, among 1 734 physicians from 158 CHCs in 20 cities of 6 provinces and 2 municipalities. Results The average age of participants was (39.7±10.6) years, the time for present position was (15.8±11.5) years, and 47.0% (799/1 700) were general practitioners (GPs). The survey showed that in the last month, 8.1% (138/1 699) of the physicians contacted with the specific of STD (sex worker, MSM, drug user, etc), and 18.3% (313/1 706) of them managed STD patients or provided services to suspected STD patients; 62.0% (1 048/1 689) of them received the STD-related training previously; 46.5%(784/1 686) thought the lack of training in STD testing as the biggest barrier for carrying out STD testing in CHC. As for the specific populations, 73.4%(1 241/1 692)of physicians thought that it was meaningful, 62.0% (1 043/1 683) of them worried about have difficulty to deal with their STD clinically , and only 5.8% (97/1 683) of them expressed their dislike of specific population . Conclusions Most physicians in CHCs believe that STD testing should be included in the routine tests, and it is feasible to carry out STD testing in CHCs. Lack of training is the main barrier for STD testing, so it is necessary to conduct STD testing related trainings in CHCs. Key words: Sexually transmitted diseases; Community health centre; Attitude of health personnel

Encouraging understanding or increasing prejudices: A cross-sectional survey of institutional influence on health personnel attitudes about refugee claimants' access to health care.

BackgroundThis paper investigates the personal, professional and institutional predictors of health institution personnel's attitudes regarding access to healthcare for refugee claimants in Canada.MethodsIn Montreal, the staff of five hospitals and two primary care centres (n = 1772) completed an online questionnaire documenting demographics, occupation, exposure to refugee claimant patients, and attitudes regarding healthcare access for refugee claimants. We used structural equations modeling to investigate the associations between professional and institutional factors with latent functions of positive and negative attitudes toward refugee's access to healthcare.ResultsYounger participants, social workers, participants from primary care centres, and from 1st migrant generation had the lowest scores of negative attitudes. Respondents who experienced contact with refugees had lower scores of negative attitudes (B = -14% standard deviation [SD]; 95% CI: -24, -4%). However, direct contact with refugees increased scores of negative attitudes in the institution with the most negative attitudes by 36% SD (95% CI: 1, 71%).InterpretationFindings suggest that institutions influence individuals’ attitudes about refugee claimants’ access to health care and that, in an institutional context of negative attitudes, contact with refugees may further confirm negative perceptions about this vulnerable group.

Influence of health personnel's attitudes and knowledge in the detection and reporting of elder abuse: An exploratory systematic review

This article reviews the main results and conclusions of published studies concerning the influence of the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals in detecting and reporting elder abuse. Fifty-seven articles published in English or Spanish between 2000 and 2014 were analysed. The main findings and conclusions are presented around four themes: (1) the influence of definitions used by professionals in the detection and reporting of abuse; (2) the ability of knowledge and attitudes of professionals to act as barriers or facilitators of abuse detection and reporting; (3) the influence of the knowledge and attitudes of professionals in strategies for action taken in response to suspected abuse; and (4) training as a means to improve the competence of professionals to detect and report abuse. Results show the influence of knowledge and attitudes, but testing the theoretical models that integrate the relationship of these variables to other factors that affect decision processes and actions of health professionals is needed. Findings from such tests will facilitate the design of intervention strategies to increase the likelihood that health professionals will detect and report abuse.