Attitudes Of Healthcare Professionals Research Articles

Patient safety culture and medication safety in European intensive care units: a focus group study

BackgroundPatients in intensive care units (ICUs) are susceptible to medication errors (MEs) for many reasons, including the complexity and intensity of care. Little is known about patient safety culture, its...

An exploratory study of knowledge, attitudes, practice and barriers towards adverse drug reaction reporting among healthcare professionals in Malta

BACKGROUND: Understanding knowledge and attitudes of health care professionals (HCPs) towards adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting can inform educational interventions promoting ADR reporting. OBJECTIVE: To explore knowledge, attitudes, practice, and barriers of local HCPs towards ADR reporting. METHODS: Focus groups involving HCPs from different settings were organized to help develop a questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated and disseminated to pharmacists, physicians, dentists and nurses practicing in Malta. A review of ADR reports reported in Malta from 2004 to 2021 was carried out to contextualise questionnaire findings. RESULTS: Overall, HCPs (n = 374) had good knowledge on pharmacovigilance and a positive attitude towards ADR reporting however nurses were found to be less knowledgeable than physicians, dentists, and pharmacists. The main barrier for not reporting ADRs was difficulty to understand whether an adverse event occurred (n = 187). A total of 2581 ADR reports were reported in Malta. Among HCPs, physicians and dentists reported most ADRs (1060 reports), followed by pharmacists (307 reports) and nurses (257 reports). CONCLUSION: Further ADR educational and promotional efforts are needed to increase awareness on the importance of quality ADR reporting and increase the number of ADR reports reported by local HCPs.

An exploration of the experiences and attitudes of healthcare professionals towards enteral tube feeding for adults living in the community following stroke.

Guidelines recommend enteral feeding via gastrostomy should be considered for adult survivors of stroke with dysphagia who cannot eat or drink sufficiently for >4 weeks. Many people continue long-term tube-feeding via this route in the community where healthcare professionals contribute to their care and nutritional management, although little is known about their experiences of or attitudes towards enteral feeding in this situation. The present study aimed to explore the experiences and attitudes of healthcare professionals working with this patient group. Healthcare professionals were invited to complete a questionnaire devised for the study which comprised closed and open questions about tube-feeding including their patients' participation in feeding processes and mealtimes and how these might be improved. Responses to closed questions were analysed descriptively and free-text responses analysed using thematic analysis. Fifty-seven participants met the inclusion criteria. They identified patients' quality of life (77% of respondents) and nutritional support (75%) as the most important aspects of tube-feeding. Good communication and training with healthcare teams and carers were considered important. Their patients' participation in tube-feed administration and mealtime involvement were described as variable and potentially beneficial, but both were related to patients' choice and health impairment. Blended tube-feeding was considered an option by 89% provided practical and safety conditions were met. Participants' experiences of and attitudes towards tube feeding in adults living with stroke in the community in the sample in the present study are varied and focussed on individual patients' needs, safety and professional standards.

Attitudes toward uncertain results from prenatal exome sequencing: a national survey among healthcare professionals working in the prenatal setting

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the attitudes of healthcare professionals (HPs) working in the prenatal setting toward uncertain results (UR) from prenatal exome sequencing (pES) in China.MethodsWe conducted a national survey among HPs working in the prenatal setting. UR in our study include variants of uncertain significance (VUS), variants with variable penetrance/expressivity (VVPE), and secondary findings unrelated to the indication for testing (SFs). A total of 285 questionnaires that met the inclusion criteria were collected. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.ResultsWhen performing the pre-test counseling, only 7.4% of HPs mentioned the possibility of VUS, 6.3% discussed the possibility of VVPE, and 7.4% introduced the SFs with parents with the option to not report these variants. In post-test counseling, 73.0–82.8% HPs discussed with the parents but did not make any recommendations for managing the pregnancy after reporting UR (73.0% for VUS, 82.8% for VVPE, 74.7% for SFs, respectively).ConclusionMost parents did not have the option of opting out of reporting UR from pES in pre-test counseling. UR did not influence the pregnancy recommendation made by most HPs. Establishing national guidelines for reporting UR from pES and developing strategies to improve counseling skills may help HPs manage UR.

The effectiveness of virtual reality training on knowledge, skills and attitudes of health care professionals and students in assessing and treating mental health disorders: a systematic review

Background Virtual reality (VR) training can enhance health professionals’ learning. However, there are ambiguous findings on the effectiveness of VR as an educational tool in mental health. We therefore reviewed the existing literature on the effectiveness of VR training on health professionals’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes in assessing and treating patients with mental health disorders.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO (via Ovid), the Cochrane Library, ERIC, CINAHL (on EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection, and the Scopus database for studies published from January 1985 to July 2023. We included all studies evaluating the effect of VR training interventions on attitudes, knowledge, and skills pertinent to the assessment and treatment of mental health disorders and published in English or Scandinavian languages. The quality of the evidence in randomized controlled trials was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. For non-randomized studies, we assessed the quality of the studies with the ROBINS-I tool.ResultsOf 4170 unique records identified, eight studies were eligible. The four randomized controlled trials were assessed as having some concern or a high risk of overall bias. The four non-randomized studies were assessed as having a moderate to serious overall risk of bias. Of the eight included studies, four used a virtual standardized patient design to simulate training situations, two studies used interactive patient scenario training designs, while two studies used a virtual patient game design. The results suggest that VR training interventions can promote knowledge and skills acquisition.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that VR interventions can effectively train health care personnel to acquire knowledge and skills in the assessment and treatment of mental health disorders. However, study heterogeneity, prevalence of small sample sizes, and many studies with a high or serious risk of bias suggest an uncertain evidence base. Future research on the effectiveness of VR training should include assessment of immersive VR training designs and a focus on more robust studies with larger sample sizes.Trial registrationThis review was pre-registered in the Open Science Framework register with the ID-number Z8EDK.

The supportive environment in SRH: characteristics that promote self-determination

Hospitalization is an important stage in the life of the elderly. All too often, this experience is accompanied by both physical and psychological decline. Based on self-determination theory, the aim was to qualitatively characterize support for self-determination in follow-up care and rehabilitation services (behaviours and attitudes of healthcare professionals, and patients' perception of them).

Maternal and child health care access to skilled delivery services among Ghanaian rural mothers

IntroductionMost new-born babies are born at home in rural communities which is not new phenomenon due to lack of access to primary healthcare services and trained skilled health attendants, exposing mothers and children to a high risk of labour complications. The purpose of this study was to better understand factors influence rural women's access to primary health care and skilled delivery services as well as their reasons for using or not using maternal health care and skilled delivery services.MethodsThe study employed a social survey design with a quantitative approach to data analysis. Cluster Sampling was used, possibly based on rural communities, to efficiently collect data from different geographic locations. Simple random sampling individuals from each cluster ensures that all eligible individuals have an equal chance of being included in the study. This enhances the representativity of the sample. A total of 366 mothers were selected from four rural communities in the North East Region of Ghana. The choice of sample size considered factors like the study's objectives, available resources, and the desired level of statistical power. Data was primarily gathered through the administration of a questionnaire to the respondents. Factors considered for achieving representativity include, geographic representation, accessibility, healthcare infrastructure and healthcare professionals’ attitudes.FindingsThe study found that distance to health centres limits women's access to skilled delivery services. Lack of primary health facilities in the rural communities hamper maternal and child care services delivery. The attitude of health care professionals determines a mother’s utilisation of maternal health care and skilled delivery services.ConclusionThe study contributes to the limited research on maternal health services and their impact on mother and child health in the study area. This study is one of the first to investigate into maternal health care as a key predictor of mother and child health in the study area. The study's theoretical lens was the Andersen and Newman Health Behavioural Model theory, which supports the explanation of distance, lack of primary health centres, attitudes and lack of skilled personnel to the non-utilisation of maternal and health services in rural communities. The study recommended that primary healthcare facilities and trained health professionals should be a priority of government in rural communities to promote maternal and child healthcare.

Clearing the air: Assessing healthcare professionals' awareness of air pollution's health consequences

Air pollution (AP) significantly jeopardises health, with the Royal College of Physicians accepting the adverse effects of AP are not being sufficiently communicated to patients by healthcare professionals (HCP). To explore HCPs' understanding and attitudes toward AP and its health impacts, we conducted a service evaluation survey in a group of hospital doctors.A questionnaire comprising 20 questions about AP and its health associations was completed by 133 hospital doctors working at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK.While 65% (n = 86) of respondents strongly agreed that AP is relevant to health, 79% (n = 105) felt insufficiently trained on AP and its health associations.The survey shows that HCPs' knowledge of AP and its connection to poor health is a major barrier in discussions with patients. Further research is needed to understand whether these views are nationally shared among HCPs and to explore the most effective strategies for enhancing AP awareness.

A multicentre survey investigating the knowledge, behaviour, and attitudes of surgical healthcare professionals to frailty assessment in emergency surgery: DEFINE(surgery).

Screening for frailty in people admitted with emergency surgical pathology can initiate timely referrals to enhanced perioperative services such as intensive care and geriatric medicine. However, there has been little research exploring surgical healthcare professionals' opinions to frailty assessment, or accuracy in identification. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, behaviour, and attitudes of healthcare professionals to frailty assessment in emergency surgical admissions. We designed a cross-sectional multicentre study developed by a multiprofessional team of surgeons, geriatricians, and supported by patients. A semi-structured survey examined attitudes and behaviours. Knowledge was assessed by comparing respondents' accuracy in scoring twenty-two surgical case vignettes using the Clinical Frailty Scale. Eleven hospitals across England, Wales, and Scotland participated. Two hundred and eleven clinicians responded-20.4% junior doctors, 43.6% middle grade doctors, 24.2% senior doctors, 11.4% nurses and physician associates. Respondents strongly supported perioperative frailty assessment. Most were already assessing for frailty, although frequently not using a standardised tool. There was a strong call for more frailty education. Participants scored 2175 vignettes with 55.4% accurately meeting the gold standard; accuracy improved to 87.3% when categorised into "not frail/mildly frail/severely frail" and 94% when dichotomised to "not frail/frail". Frailty assessment is well supported by healthcare professionals working in surgery. However, standardised tools are not routinely being used, and only half of respondents could accurately identify frailty. Better education around frailty assessment is needed for healthcare professionals working in surgery to improve perioperative pathway for people living with frailty.

Knowledge and attitudes of health care professionals regarding birth preparedness of women in labour at selected Hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A qualitative study

Introduction Low and middle-income countries account for the largest proportion of women’s deaths as a result of pregnancy or childbirth-related complications. The sub-Saharan region is the most affected with approximately 70% (202 000) of maternal deaths between 2000 and 2020. These deaths could have been prevented if expectant mothers were prepared for childbirth. Birth preparedness is perceived as a better strategy that helps attain a substantial reduction in maternal mortality. This is achieved by attending early antenatal classes, receiving skilled care during childbirth, and care and support right after birth. The latest survey on antenatal class attendance conducted in South Africa provides an estimated 30.8% of expectant mothers in public healthcare facilities. Methods Based on the action research method, this study employed a qualitative approach to collect data, as a result, one focus group discussion with five (N=5) participants and two others with six (N=6) participants each (n=6X2=12) and twenty individual interviews were conducted. The study sought to explore and describe the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding the birth preparedness of women in labour at selected Hospitals in Durban KwaZulu-Natal. Results It was found that expectant mothers were unprepared for both labour and postnatal care. The unprepared expectant mothers were uncooperative and made the task of midwives difficult to the extent of endangering the life of their expected newborn and their own. Factors such as finance, heterogeneity, staff shortage, language barrier, lack of family support, lack of interest, cultural beliefs, and confusion caused by various sources of information were responsible for birth unpreparedness. Conclusion Therefore, the synergy between expectant mothers and midwives appears to be an important factor in achieving better birth preparedness.

Emergency service health care workers’ opinions and experiences on the practice of family-witnessed resuscitation: a cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Türkiye

Despite the evidence and recommendations regarding the benefits of family-witnessed resuscitation, the opinions and attitudes of healthcare professionals vary widely. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 154 healthcare professionals working at the emergency departments of four hospitals within the borders of Ankara, Türkiye to examine their opinions and experiences on the practice of family-witnessed resuscitation. Data were collected by using the demographic form and the Family Presence Risk-Benefit Scale. Descriptive statistical analyses, t-test for samples, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used in the evaluation of the data. Results indicated that majority of emergency department healthcare workers (85.8%) had no previous experience of family witnessed resuscitation, and most of them (96.8%) opposed the practice of resuscitation with family presence. Although nurses tended to favour family witnessed resuscitation more than physicians, most of the participants expressed their concerns about the presence of family during the CPR. It is recommended that institutional policies be developed on family-witnessed resuscitation, and inter-professional education be provided to increase the awareness of families and to change the opinions and attitudes of health care professionals.

(223) Specific Training Needs of Student Midwives in Sexual Health and Clinical Sexology

Abstract Introduction According to the WHO, sexuality is an integral part of human life, encompassing all dimensions of human beings: physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being associated with sexuality, involving a positive and respectful approach. It is essential to educate and train health professionals such as midwives to address sexual problems and provide the necessary information to their clients, in order to ensure comprehensive and quality care. There is still a lack of specific sexual health training programs in the midwifery curriculum in several countries worldwide. Objective This study aims to assess the student midwives’ training needs in sexual health and clinical sexology. Methods It is a knowledge, attitudes, and practices cross-sectional online study that took place over 5 weeks starting March 1st, 2023. All enrolled student midwives in public and private midwifery schools in the country were contacted through the schools’ social media groups. The online questionnaire was a 29-item Google form elaborated in concertation with the Frequency, Gravity Problem (FGP) grid of questions. Results The study included 206 student midwives (answer rate: 87%). The participants were representative of the population of student midwives (31% 1st, 33% 2nd, and 36% 3rd year and 31% from the North, 38% from the center, and 31% from the South of the country). The participants’ mean age was 22,1± 1,04 years and 96% were single. When asked about their experience with sexual interviews, 60.7% felt uncomfortable. The reasons for that feeling were the absence of previous learning simulations and experiences (84%), the lack of confidence in their knowledge (70%), the fear of a potential lack of interest of the clients about sexual health (59%), sexuality is taboo (28%). Regarding their training and education in sexual health and clinical sexology, 94% declared that it was only theoretical, 47% considered it as unorganized and 68,5% thought that there was a lack of correlation between the time allowed and the content of the sessions. The instructors were judged as qualified by 36% of the participants. The resources were considered useful by 19%. And 23.3% of the students enrolled in other non-academic training in sexology during the previous year. The expressed need for specific sexology training was expressed in 94%. The needs were regarding knowledge in 55%, Attitudes in 80%, and practices in 55%. Conclusions A specific academic curriculum in sexual health and clinical sexology is a necessity within the student midwives' training. This educational program needs to reinforce some knowledge and practices and mainly address the attitudes of healthcare professionals toward clients asking for information and/or help regarding their sexual health. Prevention has also to be integrated into this program. Role-playing and simulations in small groups seem the most adapted pedagogical techniques to re-enforce attitudes within students. Disclosure No.

Healthcare professionals attitudes on “Female Genital Mutilation”: an observational study

Healthcare professionals attitudes on “Female Genital Mutilation”: an observational study

Evaluating workforce needs: an investigation of healthcare professionals’ attitudes, beliefs and preparedness towards the management of Para athlete mental health at the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Paralympic Games

ObjectivesTo examine healthcare professionals (HCPs) attitudes, beliefs and preparedness towards the management of Para athlete mental health during the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Paralympic Games.MethodsA cross-sectional observational study was...

Longitudinal impact of an online interdisciplinary perinatal mental health module on Healthcare Professionals’ knowledge, skills, attitudes and confidence: A qualitative evaluation

Aim/objectiveThe current study aimed to explore the following research question; ‘What is the longitudinal impact, if any, of an online interdisciplinary perinatal mental health module on HCP knowledge, skills, attitudes and confidence’. BackgroundResearch suggests that one in five women/people will experience a mental health issue during the perinatal period. Healthcare Professionals (HCPs) play a critical role in identifying, supporting and referring those who disclose health or psychosocial concerns in pregnancy or after birth and consistent research findings highlight the need for appropriate targeted perinatal mental health education among this cohort. To address this need, a thirteen-week (Masters Level) interdisciplinary online module in perinatal mental health was collaboratively developed between one Irish Higher Education Institution and national mental healthcare specialists. The module aims to develop HCP knowledge, skills, attitude and confidence in sustainably supporting women/people and families experiencing perinatal mental health issues. However, a recent scoping review concluded that there was insufficient evidence with respect to the longitudinal impact of such courses on HCP practice. Design/methodsThe study design adopted a qualitative descriptive design that used online individual interviews for data collection. The evaluation was informed by the Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model. The study group consisted of six voluntarily self-selected perinatal mental health module participants. Longitudinal impacts of the module were explored 8–10 months following module completion. Thematic Analysis was undertaken using Braun and Clarkes Framework. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the author’s Higher Education Institution (HEI). ResultsFindings revealed several interrelated and reinforcing themes that had an impact on the longer-term application of enhanced knowledge, skills, attitude and confidence in practice. These were; pedagogical features of the interdisciplinary perinatal mental health education module, sociocultural and professional influences, persistent enthusiasm and commitment to improve care in spite of systemic obstacles and, ongoing need for perinatal mental health education. ConclusionsProvision of targeted, agile and manageable professional education courses on perinatal mental health care will continue to be required. However, despite sustained commitment and enthusiasm to implement enhanced knowledge and skills, systemic obstacles continue to exist and these may have an impact on the efficacy of such courses in the longer term.

Investigating Determinants Affecting the Adoption of Contemporary Contraceptive Methods: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Adolescent Utilization in the Nabdan District, Upper East Region, Ghana

Introduction: Promoting the use of contraception among adolescents is essential to improving their sexual and reproductive health. Teenage pregnancies are becoming more common, and the Nabdam area continues to have low rates of use of contemporary contraceptive methods. These facts highlight the urgent need to address the needs of adolescents concerning their sexual and reproductive health. This study aims to investigate the factors impacting the Upper East Region of Ghana's Nabdam District's adoption of contemporary contraceptive methods.
 Methods: 261 older teenage girls from the Nabdam district, ages 15 to 19, were included in the study, which used a quantitative technique and a descriptive cross-sectional design. Respondents were chosen using a multiphase sample technique, and data were collected over the course of 10 working days using a standardized survey form. STATA Version 14 was utilized for data analysis. A significance criterion of p < 0.05 was applied to bivariate and logistic regression models to investigate any correlations between independent factors and outcome variables.
 Results: 52.1% of respondents said they have had their first sexual experience before turning 20. The oldest stated age at first sex was 19 years old, while the youngest was 10 years old. Additionally, 97.8% of respondents reported learning about contemporary contraception via a variety of sources, such as peers, instructors, health professionals, and radio media. Even with this knowledge, 48.7% of respondents thought using a contraceptive technique would provide 100% protection against getting pregnant, while 73.6% of respondents had never used any kind of birth control. Age (p< 0.001), educational attainment (p< 0.001), marital status (p< 0.001), peer influence (p< 0.001), place of residence (p< 0.001), religious affiliation (p< 0.018), consent from a sexual partner (p< 0.001), positive attitudes from healthcare providers (p < 0.001), and the availability of contraceptives (p < 0.001) were discovered to be linked to the usage of modern contraceptives.
 Conclusion: Although a sizable percentage of respondents showed awareness of contemporary contraceptive methods, low modern contraceptive usage was significantly correlated with several factors, including age, marital status, educational attainment, peer influence, partner consent, and the unfavorable attitudes of healthcare professionals. To tackle this problem, a community-based strategy emphasizing the advancement of enabling elements and the removal of obstacles is required. The Ghana Health Service could enhance its School Health Education Program (SHEP) by increasing informational sessions, organizing theatrical productions and debates, and recruiting peer educators as invaluable resources to share experiences and instruct their peers on sexuality, reproductive health issues, and the use of modern contraceptives

Family presence during in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: effects of an educational online intervention on self-confidence and attitudes of healthcare professionals.

Guidelines support family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospital if deemed to be safe, yet barriers amongst healthcare professionals (HCPs) still exist. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an educational online video intervention on nurses' and physicians' attitudes towards in-hospital FWR and their self-confidence in managing such situations. A pre- and post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted October 2022 to March 2023 at six Swedish hospitals involving the departments of emergency care, medicine, and surgery. The 10 min educational video intervention was based on previous research covering the prevalence and outcome of FWR, attitudes of HCP, patient and family experiences, and practical and ethical guidelines about FWR.In total, 193 accepted participation, whereof 91 answered the post-test survey (47.2%) with complete data available for 78 and 61 participants for self-confidence and attitudes, respectively. The self-confidence total mean scores increased from 3.83 to 4.02 (P < 0.001) as did the total mean scores for attitudes towards FWR (3.38 to 3.62, P < 0.001). The majority (71.0%) had positive views of FWR at baseline and had experiences of in-hospital FWR (58.0%). Self-confidence was highest amongst participants for the delivery of chest compressions (91.2%), defibrillation (88.6%), and drug administration (83.3%) during FWR. Self-confidence was lowest (58.1%) for encouraging and attending to the family during resuscitation. This study suggests that a short online educational video can be an effective way to improve HCP's self-confidence and attitudes towards the inclusion of family members during resuscitation and can support HCP in making informed decisions about FWR.

Evaluation of a pharmacovigilance workshop using a pre-test and post-test questionnaire – Retrospective audit

Background: It is estimated that only 6–10% of all adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are reported. Although India is participating in the pharmacovigilance program, its reporting is still in its initial stages. It is important to sensitize health-care professionals regarding ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance helping in better reporting. Educational interventions have been widely shown to be effective at improving the rate of ADR reporting among healthcare workers. Aims and Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to understand the knowledge of health-care professionals regarding ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance and also to know the effectiveness and outcome of the pharmacovigilance workshop. Materials and Methods: A retrospective audit of the data obtained from the workshops conducted on pharmacovigilance over 2 days in April 2023 was conducted after obtaining the requisite permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee. The workshops were conducted by the ADR monitoring center of Terna medical college, Nerul for the health-care professionals. A questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was used during the workshop for both pre-test and post-test. The questions tested the knowledge and attitude of health-care professionals. At the end of the session, feedback was taken regarding the workshop. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel and subjected to descriptive statistics. A paired t-test was done for the pre-test and post-test scores on Microsoft Excel. Results: In total, there were 67 participants in the workshop, 51 (76.12%) were nursing staff of different departments. Thirteen (19.4%) were duty medical officers, 1 (1.49%) was pharmacist and 2 (2.99%) were from pathology laboratory. A paired t-test was done for the pre-test and post-test marks of the participants, and the P-value was calculated to be 0.00000297 showing a statistically significant difference between the scores. About 92.53% agreed that it is important to report an ADR. About 71.64% agreed that reporting a known ADR still contributes to the system. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that the attitude of health-care professionals is positive regarding reporting an ADR. The improvement of the knowledge of the professionals was good after the workshop. It also concludes that workshops on pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting are necessary to increase awareness among health-care professionals on pharmacovigilance. ADR reporting is important to reduce the morbidity associated with the use of medications. There is a necessity to conduct interventions in the form of more workshops regularly to improve ADR reporting.

A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude, and practice of health-care professionals about adverse drug reactions reporting in a tertiary care teaching hospital of southern Rajasthan

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is the integrity of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to counteract fatal outcomes aroused by the use of medications during therapy. The underreporting of ADRs imposes major problems globally. The pharmacovigilance program plays a key role in detecting and preventing ADRs. Targeting the upcoming younger generation of HCPs and sensitizing them towards ADR reporting in their clinical practice is essential. Aims and Objectives: The main objective of our study is to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice of interns and postgraduates at our institute towards ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on interns and postgraduates of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Udaipur, Rajasthan. A set of 28 standard questions related to knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting were distributed among 106 students after taking the ethical approval from the institute. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20) software in percentage. The Chi-square test (χ2) was used, and P &lt; 0.01* was considered significant statistically. Results: In our study, we found most of the participants were in 21–30 age groups (84.19%); male participants were (67%) in comparison with females (33%). The majority of interns showed their interest in participation (66%) rather than postgraduates (34%) in this study. The overall knowledge (14.645, P = 0.01), attitude (14.64, P = 0.01), and practice (35.712, P = 0.01) of HCPs were found to be significant. Conclusion: We conclude from this study that both interns and postgraduates have good knowledge of ADR reporting, but interns lack practice in their daily duties due to fear of heavy paper work, and postgraduates lack attitude towards ADR reporting due to heavy duty schedules. Most of the participants, i.e., interns and postgraduates, felt ADR reporting was their primary responsibility along with patient safety. Recurrent training and sensitization of upcoming medical professionals about ADR reporting will impart better patient compliance and eradicate fatal outcomes. They also suggest a separate working body needs to keep by institutions to collect the ADR reports during their busy duty schedules.

Hormone replacement therapy in gynecological cancer survivors and BRCA mutation carriers: a MITO group survey.

Early iatrogenic menopause in gynecological cancer survivors and BRCA mutation (BRCAm) carriers undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is a major health concern. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the most effective remedy, but remains underused in clinical practice. The Multicenter Italian Trials in Ovarian cancer and gynecologic malignancies (MITO) group promoted a national survey to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding the prescription of HRT. The survey consisted of a self-administered, multiple-choice 45-item questionnaire, available online to all MITO members for 2 months starting from January 2022. A total of 61 participants completed the questionnaire (47 out of 180 MITO centers; compliance: 26.1%). Most respondents were female (73.8%), younger than 50 years (65.6%), and gynecologic oncologists (55.7%), working in public general hospitals (49.2%). An 84.4% of specialists actively discuss HRT with patients and 51.0% of patients ask the specialist for an opinion on HRT. The rate of specialists globally in favor of prescribing HRT was 22.9% for ovarian cancer, 49.1% for cervical cancer, and 8.2% for endometrial cancer patients. Most respondents (70.5%) believe HRT is safe for BRCA-mutated patients after RRSO. Nearly 70% of physicians prescribe systemic HRT, while 23.8% prefer local HRT. Most specialists recommend HRT for as long as there is a benefit and generally for up to 5 years. Real-world data suggest that many healthcare professionals still do not easily prescribe HRT for gynecological cancer survivors and BRCA mutation carriers after RRSO. Further efforts are required to implement the use of HRT in clinical practice and to support both clinicians in recommending HRT and patients in accepting it.