Attention To Negative Information Research Articles

Effects of attention to negative information on the bidirectional relationship between fear of missing out (FoMO), depression and smartphone addiction among secondary school students: Evidence from a two-wave moderation network analysis

IntroductionAbundant literature has shown that depression, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and smartphone addiction may have bidirectional relationships, and attention to negative information (ANI) may moderate these bidirectional relationships. However, previous literature mainly analyzed them using total scores, and longitudinal evidence is limited, motivating us to address this gap using moderated network analysis. Method2469 secondary school students (female = 1212 (49.09%), age mean ± SD = 13.90 ± 1.56, age range from 11 to 18) were recruited to complete questionnaires, including the ANI scale, the Mobile Phone Addiction Index scale, the FoMO scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire before and after four-months online learning. The moderated network approach was used to test the bidirectional relationship among depression, FoMO, and smartphone addiction and the moderating role of ANI. ResultsThe analysis found that the strongest bidirectional relationships were between suicide and withdrawal or escape and between withdrawal or escape and fear of missing situations in waves 1 and 2, respectively. The number of interaction terms among depression, FoMO, and smartphone addiction moderated by ANI was: 4 and 3 in waves 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, the strongest interaction terms were between withdrawal or escape and fear of missing situations and between feeling anxious and lost and concentration in waves 1 and 2, respectively. ConclusionsWe identified several significant bidirectional relationships between the symptoms of depression, FoMO, and smartphone addiction and interaction terms moderated by ANI. These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights for breaking the cycle between symptoms of depression, FoMO, and smartphone addiction through intervention with ANI.

Social Media and Fear of Missing Out: An Exploration of the Role of Mindfulness, Cognitive Biases and Need to Belong in Chinese College Students

Background: Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) on social media has emerged as a significant concern, particularly among college students, with implications for mental well-being and internet use. While previous studies have explored various aspects of mindfulness about digital behaviors, the specific link between mindfulness and FoMO, as well as the potential mechanisms involved, remains underexplored. Objective: Guided by the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory and the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study investigates the relationship between mindfulness and FoMO among Chinese college students. Additionally, it explores the mediating roles of cognitive bias and the need to belong in understanding how mindfulness influences FoMO. Methods: Data was collected from 748 university students from two universities in China. Participants completed questionnaires assessing mindfulness, cognitive bias, the need to belong, and FoMO. Statistical analyses, including mediation models and bootstrapping, were conducted using SPSS 25.0 and the PROCESS macro version 3.3. Results: The SPSS PROCESS macro Model 4 analysis revealed that the relationships between mindfulness and FoMO (β=-.011, p=.738) and between Attention to Positive Information (API) and FoMO (β=.029, p=.383) were nonsignificant. Mindfulness exhibited negative associations with Attention to Negative Information (ANI) (β=- .250, p<.001) and the need to belong (β=-.254, p<.001) and positive associations with API (β=.268, p<.001). Furthermore, ANI positively correlated with FoMO (β=.182, p<.001), and the need to belong had a significant positive impact on FoMO (β=.503, p<.001). The mediation analysis indicated that the effect of mindfulness on FoMO was fully mediated by ANI and the need to belong, with no direct effect through API. Conclusion: By recognizing mindfulness as a valuable psychological resource, this research offers insights for developing targeted interventions aimed at reducing FoMO and promoting healthier social media engagement among this population. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of the interplay between mindfulness, cognitive processes, motivation, and FoMO, offering guidance for future research and practical interventions.

Effects of attention to positive and negative and rumination on post traumatic growth in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing interventional therapy

Objective To investigate the level of posttraumatic growth(PTG) in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI), to explore the ruminant, positive/negative information attention to the impact of both on the posttraumatic growth. Methods A study of 360 patients with coronary artery disease was conducted using general information, Event Related Rumination Inventory (ERRI) and Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale (APNIS) and the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Results The Attention to Positive information (API) score was (38.47±9.33) points, and the Attention to Negative Information (ANI) score was (32.99±8.48) points for interventional patients with coronary heart disease, the total score of PTGI was (49.96±19.96) points and the total score of ERRI was (26.52±10.55) points. In PCI patient the PTG and API were positively correlated with rumination (both purposeful and invasive), and PTG was negatively correlated with ANI. The result showed that API, rumination (including deliberate and intrusive) had positive predictive effect on PTG, and ANI had negative predictive effect on PTG, API and ANI respectively had significant interaction with ruminant meditation. Conclusions Patients with coronary artery disease undergoing interventional therapy reported the API was low, the ANI level was higher, the PTG and rumination level was lower. Clinical measures higher, the PTG and rumination level lower. Clinical measures should be taken to guide patients to pay more attention to positive information, to reduce the concern for negative information, and to guide patients to correct reflection in order to promote post-traumatic growth. Key words: Percutaneous coronary intervention; Rumination; Post traumatic growth; Attention to positive and negative

Study on psychological resilience and its influencing factors of postgraduates who just entered the military medical university

Objective To study military medical graduates' psychological elastic characteristics and the key influencing factors. Methods A comparative study of 817 graduate students and 597 undergraduate students in a military academy was conducted by using positive negative emotions, positive and negative cognitive bias and Mental Resilience Scale. Independent sample t-test, single factor analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis were conducted by SPSS 18.0 for data analysis. Results ① Resilience scores of postgraduate students were significantly lower than those of undergraduate students (76.01 ± 11.43 vs. 80.00±10.26,t=-6.76,P<0.01). Resilience scores of military postgraduates were significantly higher than those of local postgraduates (77.18 ± 11.59 vs. 74.97 ±11.19,t=2.77,P<0.05). Resilience scores of female postgraduates were significantly lower than those of males (74.79±10.83 vs. 76.94±11.78,t=2.68,P<0.05), reflected in factors of tenacity and strength. ②Resilience and its factors were positively related to positive affect and attention to positive information (r=0.448~0.625,P<0.01), while negatively related to negative affect and attention to negative information (r=-0.206~-0.448,P<0.01). ③Regression analysis showed that positive and negative emotion, attention to positive and negative information can significantly predict resilience, accounting for the variance of 53.7%. ④Positive and negative affect partially mediated the relationship between attention to positive information and positive affect and resilience. Conclusion Attention to positive information and positive affect may be potential targets for intervention to enhance the level of resilience among military medical postgraduate students. Key words: Resilience; Positive and negative affect; Attention to positive and negative information; Mental health education

Recall of Events Affects Perception of Happiness

This study assessed the relationships between recall of positive and negative events, API （attention to positive） and ANI （attention to negative information）, and perception of happiness, with the hypothesis that recall affects the perception of happiness and that ANI and API affect recall. One hundred and five women filled in the APNI scale to assess API and ANI and were asked to listen to and recall a story presenting both positive and negative events, and provide an assessment of the character perceived happiness. Finally, they were asked to choose an ending for the story. Results showed that recall is related to the perception of happiness more than API and ANI, and that relationships occur among recall, API, ANI, and perception of happiness. A positive ending for the story was preferred. Discussion focuses on the implications of individual differences in paying attention to and recall positive and negative information.