Childhood Attention Deficit Research Articles

Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Potensi Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian Dan Hiperaktivitas Pada Anak Prasekolah Dipaud Bougenville Cawang

This study examines the relationship between gadget use and the potential for Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (GPPH) in preschool children. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends gadget use for preschoolers for no more than 1 hour per day. Gadget addiction can affect a child's brain development because excessive production of the hormone dopamine disrupts the maturity of the prefrontal cortex function, namely controlling emotions, self-control, responsibility, decision making and other moral values. Excessive use of gadgets can also cause problems such as ADHD. The intensity of gadget use was measured using a gadget usage habits questionnaire and GPPH using the Abbreviated Conners Rating Scale (ACRS). This study used a cross-sectional design with 27 respondents in PAUD Bougenville, Cawang with a percentage of 100%, and as many as 29.6% had normal results with a total of 8 children and as many as 70.4% had potential ADHD results with a total of 19 people. Based on the Kendall Tau test, the p-value was 0.005 < 0.05. The results of the correlation test between the gadget intensity variable and the potential for GPPH show that between the variables there is a correlation coefficient (R) of 1,000. This can mean that there is a perfect correlation between the two variables with a strong and significant level of relationship because of the sig value. less than 0.05. It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between gadget use and the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in preschool children

Effectiveness of Noise Cancelling Earbuds in Reducing Hearing and Auditory Attention Deficits in Children with Autism.

Background/Objectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition characterised by impairments in social communication, sensory abnormalities, and attentional deficits. Children with ASD often face significant challenges with speech perception and auditory attention, particularly in noisy environments. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of noise cancelling Bluetooth earbuds (Nuheara IQbuds Boost) in improving speech perception and auditory attention in children with ASD. Methods: Thirteen children aged 6-13 years diagnosed with ASD participated. Pure tone audiometry confirmed normal hearing levels. Speech perception in noise was measured using the Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant-Word test, and auditory/visual attention was evaluated via the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Task. Participants completed these assessments both with and without the IQbuds in situ. A two-week device trial evaluated classroom listening and communication improvements using the Listening Inventory for Education-Revised (teacher version) questionnaire. Results: Speech perception in noise was significantly poorer for the ASD group compared to typically developing peers and did not change with the IQbuds. Auditory attention, however, significantly improved when the children were using the earbuds. Additionally, classroom listening and communication improved significantly after the two-week device trial. Conclusions: While the noise cancelling earbuds did not enhance speech perception in noise for children with ASD, they significantly improved auditory attention and classroom listening behaviours. These findings suggest that Bluetooth earbuds could be a viable alternative to remote microphone systems for enhancing auditory attention in children with ASD, offering benefits in classroom settings and potentially minimising the stigma associated with traditional assistive listening devices.

Quand penser à l’existence d’un trouble spécifique du développement et des apprentissages associé au TDAH de l’enfant ?

After the initial recommendations in 2014 on child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) published by the French Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), followed in 2018 by those devoted to specific learning and developmental disorders, and the new recommendations on child ADHD published in the third quarter of 2024 by the HAS, the issue of comorbidities between ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders remains a daily challenge for both families and professionals. This work therefore suggests that professionals who have suspected or diagnosed ADHD in a child or adolescent broaden their consideration, particularly concerning specific developmental and learning disorders that may be associated. They should rely on already available information, particularly from schools, and on screening tools accessible to primary and secondary care physicians before prescribing any additional assessments. Neurodevelopmental disorders include a large variety of conditions involving ADHD, motor disorders (among them developmental coordination disorder [DCD]), language and communication disorders (among them specific language disorder [SLD]), specific learning disorders (SLD) (written language both on the receptive and expressive side and mathematical disorders), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and intellectual development disorder. We propose herein a brief description of these potential comorbid conditions, together with alert signs, which might give clues towards a diagnostic procedure of associated troubles. Moreover, comorbidities are often potential differential diagnosis. We therefore propose in our publication the tables published by the French HAS to help professionals to be aware of these conditions, with alert signs. Prevalence of these comorbidities benefit from our preliminary but exhaustive data from Parcours de Santé TSLA Occitanie on the prevalence of ADHD among complex neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) with an estimation of more than 80% of concerned children and adolescent being eligible to a diagnosis of ADHD, representing an incidence of 5.6% between age 6 to 15. Among diagnosed ADHD children, comorbidities remain the rule, with specific learning disorders involving reading and spelling (dyslexia/dysorthographia): 46 to 62%, followed by developmental disorders: 41%, developmental language disorders: 24%, and specific learning disorders of mathematical abilities: 17%. This high-level of comorbidities confirms the need for each child to benefit from a multidisciplinary evaluation in various areas of development, particularly to detect secondary difficulties in learning (written language and math) or development (language, motricity), which might be masked by significant behavioural difficulties, or more subtly by pure inattention forms with primarily academic impact. Other comorbidities also need to be investigated, both towards social abilities, and secondary emotional consequences or comorbidities of ADHD including anxiety and depression. Our work also reviews data from literature about the conceptual framework between comorbidity and cause/consequence relationships, within a more comprehensive developmental perspective of various cognitive functions.

Impaired Ability in Visual-Spatial Attention in Chinese Children With Developmental Dyslexia.

A growing body of evidence suggests that children with dyslexia in alphabetic languages exhibit visual-spatial attention deficits that can obstruct reading acquisition by impairing their phonological decoding skills. However, it remains an open question whether these visual-spatial attention deficits are present in children with dyslexia in non-alphabetic languages. Chinese, with its logographic writing system, offers a unique opportunity to explore this question. The presence of visual-spatial attention deficits in Chinese children with dyslexia remains insufficiently investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether such deficits exist, employing a visual search paradigm. Three visual search tasks were conducted, encompassing two singleton feature search tasks and a serial conjunction search task. The results indicated that Chinese children with dyslexia performed as well as chronological age-matched control children in color search tasks but less effectively in orientation search, suggesting a difficulty in the rapid visual processing of orientation: a deficit potentially specific to Chinese dyslexia. Crucially, Chinese children with dyslexia also exhibited lower accuracy, longer reaction times, and steeper slopes in the reaction times by set size function in the conjunction search task compared to control children, which is indicative of a visual-spatial attention deficit.

ADHD-AID: Aiding Tool for Detecting Children's Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder via EEG-Based Multi-Resolution Analysis and Feature Selection.

The severe effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among adolescents can be prevented by timely identification and prompt therapeutic intervention. Traditional diagnostic techniques are complicated and time-consuming because they are subjective-based assessments. Machine learning (ML) techniques can automate this process and prevent the limitations of manual evaluation. However, most of the ML-based models extract few features from a single domain. Furthermore, most ML-based studies have not examined the most effective electrode placement on the skull, which affects the identification process, while others have not employed feature selection approaches to reduce the feature space dimension and consequently the complexity of the training models. This study presents an ML-based tool for automatically identifying ADHD entitled "ADHD-AID". The present study uses several multi-resolution analysis techniques including variational mode decomposition, discrete wavelet transform, and empirical wavelet decomposition. ADHD-AID extracts thirty features from the time and time-frequency domains to identify ADHD, including nonlinear features, band-power features, entropy-based features, and statistical features. The present study also looks at the best EEG electrode placement for detecting ADHD. Additionally, it looks into the location combinations that have the most significant impact on identification accuracy. Additionally, it uses a variety of feature selection methods to choose those features that have the greatest influence on the diagnosis of ADHD, reducing the classification's complexity and training time. The results show that ADHD-AID has provided scores for accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and Mathew correlation coefficients of 0.991, 0.989, 0.992, 0.989, and 0.982, respectively, in identifying ADHD with 10-fold cross-validation. Also, the area under the curve has reached 0.9958. ADHD-AID's results are significantly higher than those of all earlier studies for the detection of ADHD in adolescents. These notable and trustworthy findings support the use of such an automated tool as a means of assistance for doctors in the prompt identification of ADHD in youngsters.

An Industry-Relevant Metal Mixture, Iron Status, and Reported Attention-Related Behaviors in Italian Adolescents.

Exposure to environmental metals has been consistently associated with attention and behavioral deficits in children, and these associations may be modified by coexposure to other metals or iron (Fe) status. However, few studies have investigated Fe status as a modifier of a metal mixture, particularly with respect to attention-related behaviors. We used cross-sectional data from the Public Health Impact of Metals Exposure study, which included 707 adolescents (10-14 years of age) from Brescia, Italy. Manganese, chromium, and copper were quantified in hair samples, and lead was quantified in whole blood, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Concentrations of Fe status markers (ferritin, hemoglobin, transferrin) were measured using immunoassays or luminescence assays. Attention-related behaviors were assessed using the Conners Rating Scales Self-Report Scale-Long Form, Parent Rating Scales Revised-Short Form, and Teacher Rating Scales Revised-Short Form. We employed Bayesian kernel machine regression to examine associations of the metal mixture with these outcomes and evaluate Fe status as a modifier. Higher concentrations of the metals and ferritin were jointly associated with worse self-reported attention-related behaviors: metals and ferritin set to their 90th percentiles were associated with 3.0% [; 95% credible interval (CrI): , 0.06], 4.1% (; 95% CrI: 0.00, 0.08), and 4.1% (; 95% CrI: 0.00, 0.08) higher -scores for self-reported attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) index, inattention, and hyperactivity, respectively, compared with when metals and ferritin were set to their 50th percentiles. These associations were driven by hair manganese, which exhibited nonlinear associations with all self-reported scales. There was no evidence that Fe status modified the neurotoxicity of the metal mixture. The metal mixture was not materially associated with any parent-reported or teacher-reported scale. The overall metal mixture, driven by manganese, was adversely associated with self-reported attention-related behavior. These findings suggest that exposure to multiple environmental metals impacts adolescent neurodevelopment, which has significant public health implications. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12988.

Relationship types of parenting styles in providing smartphone with the risk of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in preschool children

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, particularly in children under seven years old. Addiction to electronic media, such as smartphones, is one of the causes. The way parents provide smartphones to their children can have an effect on the impact of smartphone use. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of parenting styles and the risk of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in preschool children. This study employs an observational analytic methodology with a cross-sectional approach. The data was analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, as well as the chi-square test. Conforming to the results, democratic parenting was the most common kind of parenting in children who did not have ADHD, with 38 respondents (92.7%), and authoritarian parenting was the least common, with 17 respondents (89.5%). Meanwhile, for children at risk of ADHD democratic parenting is the most common parenting style, with 3 respondents (7.3%), while authoritarian parenting is the least common, with 2 respondents (10.5%). The chi-square correlation test revealed no connection between the styles of parenting in providing smartphones and the risk of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in preschool children (p-value 0.676 > 0.05). The appropriate parenting style in handing smartphones to children from both parents and the closest people is very significant because it is related to the bad influence that children gain from using smartphones.

Effect of 25 hydroxyvitamin D on attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD.

To observe the serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] in healthy school-age children and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to analyze the effects of serum 25 (OH) D on the symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD in children, 80 healthy children aged 6 years or less than 10 years old and children diagnosed with ADHD in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Physical Examination of our hospital were randomly selected as research subjects. The serum 25 (OH) D level, attention deficit hyperactivity (Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV [SNAP-IV] parental version) score and Conners child behavior (PSQ) index were observed and compared between the 2 groups. In addition, the children with ADHD whose serum 25 (OH) D was lower than normal were treated with supplemental VitD3, and the changes in serum 25 (OH) D, SNAP-IV parental score and PSQ index of ADHD children were observed and compared. Serum 25(OH)D was insufficient or deficient in 26 healthy children, but the SNAP-IV score and PSQ index were normal. Serum 25(OH)D was lower than normal in 69 patients in the ADHD group, which was negatively correlated with SNAP-IV score (r = -0.3479, P = .0034) and negatively correlated with PSQ index (r = -0.3566, P = .0026). After vitamin D3 (VitD3) supplementation in 69 children with serum 25(OH)D levels lower than the normal ADHD group, it was found that the SNAP-IV score (r = -0.4654, P = .0037) and PSQ index (r = -0.5680, P = .0002) of 34 children with ADHD were negatively correlated with the increase in serum 25(OH)D. The SNAP-IV score and PSQ index of the other 35 children with ADHD showed no correlation with the increase in serum 25 (OH) D (P > .05). Serum 25(OH)D levels lower than normal are more common in school-age children, and levels lower than normal are not the key pathogenic factor of ADHD in school-age children, but serum 25(OH)D levels lower than normal may be the upregulation factor of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder expression in some school-age children with ADHD. The lower level of serum 25(OH)D may be closely related to the severity of ADHD symptoms in some children.

Constructing a poor of attention deficit in preschool children based on the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)

Constructing a poor of attention deficit in preschool children based on the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)

A Parent–child yoga intervention for reducing attention deficits in children with congenital heart disease: the Yoga for Little Hearts Feasibility Study Protocol

IntroductionPreschoolers and school-aged children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at higher risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with the general population. To this day, no randomised controlled...

Distributed and focused visuo‑spatial attention deficits in children with dyslexia

Distributed and focused visuo‑spatial attention deficits in children with dyslexia

Effect of a sensory diet smartphone application on the symptoms of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A feasibility study

IntroductionSensory integration and sensory diet can improve the symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This feasibility study aimed to evaluate the effect of using a sensory diet smartphone application by mothers on the main symptoms of their children with ADHD, including hyperactivity, attention deficit, and impulsivity. MethodsWe conducted a need assessment study with the collaboration of 15 occupational therapists, developed an Android-based prototype, and evaluated it in terms of usability with the participation of 12 available mothers of children with ADHD. 12 other selected children were divided into control and experimental groups. At first, these children were evaluated using the hyperactivity subscale of the fourth version of the Pediatric Symptoms Questionnaire, and after two months of using the application by the mothers of the children in the experimental group, both groups were re-evaluated using the same questionnaire. We compared the mean score of this questionnaire before and after the mothers’ use of the application. ResultsThe application included 105 sensory diet exercises presented in animated format with accompanying text explanations. According to mothers' feedback, the usability of the application was rated at a high level with an average score of 8.35 out of 9. In the experimental group, attention deficit significantly improved compared to the pre-intervention stage (Mean ± SD = 13.67 ± 6.86 vs. 22 ± 6.13, P-value<0.0001) and compared to the control group after the intervention (P-value = 0.048). Additionally, after the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements in impulsivity (mean difference = −1.33) and hyperactivity (mean difference = −4.67) compared to the pre-intervention (P-value = 0.025 and 0.034, respectively). However, these improvements were not statistically significant when compared to the control group (P-value = 0.937 and 0.58, respectively). ConclusionThe findings suggest that sensory diet smartphone applications have the potential to help alleviate symptoms related to attention deficit in children with ADHD.

근거이론을 기반으로 한 ADHD 성향 유아의 자연체험 효과에 대한 유아교사 인식연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to present a theoretical framework by examining and analyzing the natural experience effects of attention deficit and hyperactivity in children with at-risk ADHD. This is based on the perceptions of early childhood teachers using the grounded theory.&#x0D; Methods To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of five directors and teachers of early childhood education institutions who had experience in conducting nature experiences such as outdoor play, plant growing, and ecological education including forest experience, to children with at-risk ADHD. The collected data was analyzed by applying grounded theory methods such as open coding, axial coding, and selective coding.&#x0D; Results First, the analysis of the natural experience effect process of children with at-risk ADHD resulted in 103 concepts, 27 subcategories, and 10 categories. Second, nature experience activities children with at-risk ADHD showed that causal situations such as “natural colorfulness and variability of nature play” had a positive effect on their negative traits of “lowering attention deficit and hyperactivity tendencies,” and this phenomenon was influenced by the contextual conditions of the “vast natural environment” and the “strengths-based educational environment.” In addition, according to the interventional conditions of “activities preferred by all human resources (parents, teachers, infants, etc.),” the strategy of “positive family change” was used, resulting in “growth in developmental areas (language, play, emotion and physical)” and “overall relationship change in educational institutions.” Third, the core category of this course was ‘natural experiences of children with at-risk ADHD are positive’.&#x0D; Conclusions The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for early childhood education institutions to educate, develop, and support nature experiences for children with at-risk ADHD.

Autism spectrum problems, attention deficit, anxiety symptoms and IQ in children from 2 to 5 years

The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between autism spectrum problems, attention deficit, anxiety symptoms, and IQ in children aged 2 to 5 years, through a quantitative correlational methodology. The sample consisted of 189 children and their parents and/ or caregivers belonging to child development centers and children’s homes in the city of Sincelejo, Colombia. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Preschool and elementary school children – WPPSI IV and the Child Behavior Check List – CBCL were applied. The main result was that in the Pearson correlation coefficient, anxious symptomatology and attention deficit were not related to any IQ index, while autism spectrum problems were related to the processing speed index (-0.282*).

The interplay of ADHD symptoms and exercise in youth

The interplay of ADHD symptoms and exercise in youth

Striatal subregional functional connectivity and its association with sustained attention in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The functional connectivity (FC) of striatal subregions is correlated with cognitive functions in child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, increasing age changes the pattern of cognitive functions and clinical presentation. The changes in the pattern of cognitive functions may be associated with underlying age‑dependent striatal subregional FC alterations. We attempted to explore aberrancies in FC in striatal subregions and their associations with a predominant cognitive symptom (inattention) in adult ADHD. The FCs of ten bilateral subregions (seeds) of the striatum along with the whole brain were investigated, and FC maps of adults with ADHD (N=15) and healthy controls (N=15) were compared. Finally, we evaluated the associations of striatal subregional FCs with cognitive functions. Case‑control differences in striatal subregional FC were not significant; however, attention scores were marginally significantly positively correlated with FC between the right dorsal‑caudal putamen and right‑superior temporal gyrus in the ADHD group. Our results suggested that cognitive deficits (inattention) may be associated with FC aberrancy in a substriatal connection (between the right dorsal‑caudal putamen and right‑superior temporal gyrus) in adult ADHD.

Pre-conception folic acid intake and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children

Objectives: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder in children. It is thought to occur due to the interaction of many genetic and environmental factors during early development. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the etiology of ADHD. Some have investigated neurobiology, and others have investigated malnutrition and trace element deficiency. To investigate the effect of folic acid intake during the pre-conception period in terms of ADHD development. Methods: Five hundred and ninety-eight participants, 246 children with ADHD, and 352 healthy controls were enrolled. A questionnaire was completed, including socio-demographic information and the use of folic acid and other supplements such as a multivitamin, iron, and omega 3 during pregnancy. Data were examined to determine associations with ADHD. Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous variables, Pearson’s chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables were used to compare groups. Results: The use of folic acid during pre-pregnancy among mothers who had a child with ADHD was 13% and this was 31% in the control group (p &amp;lt; 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups’ use of folic acid in pregnancy (p = 0.617). Other situations related to ADHD were advanced maternal age (p &amp;lt; 0.001 for both groups), abnormal double screening test results in pregnancy (27% vs. 5%, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and omega 3 use in pregnancy (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The use of folic acid before and during pregnancy is important for neurological development. However, there is little data on use before pregnancy in the literature. This study shows that folic acid taken before pregnancy may prevent ADHD in childhood. The present study recommends folic acid usage in planned pregnancy to prevent ADHD in the child.

Abnormal structural and functional network topological properties associated with left prefrontal, parietal, and occipital cortices significantly predict childhood TBI-related attention deficits: A semi-supervised deep learning study.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern in children. Children with TBI have elevated risk in developing attention deficits. Existing studies have found that structural and functional alterations in multiple brain regions were linked to TBI-related attention deficits in children. Most of these existing studies have utilized conventional parametric models for group comparisons, which have limited capacity in dealing with large-scale and high dimensional neuroimaging measures that have unknown nonlinear relationships. Nevertheless, none of these existing findings have been successfully implemented to clinical practice for guiding diagnoses and interventions of TBI-related attention problems. Machine learning techniques, especially deep learning techniques, are able to handle the multi-dimensional and nonlinear information to generate more robust predictions. Therefore, the current research proposed to construct a deep learning model, semi-supervised autoencoder, to investigate the topological alterations in both structural and functional brain networks in children with TBI and their predictive power for post-TBI attention deficits. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data during sustained attention processing task and diffusion tensor imaging data from 110 subjects (55 children with TBI and 55 group-matched controls) were used to construct the functional and structural brain networks, respectively. A total of 60 topological properties were selected as brain features for building the model. The model was able to differentiate children with TBI and controls with an average accuracy of 82.86%. Functional and structural nodal topological properties associated with left frontal, inferior temporal, postcentral, and medial occipitotemporal regions served as the most important brain features for accurate classification of the two subject groups. Post hoc regression-based machine learning analyses in the whole study sample showed that among these most important neuroimaging features, those associated with left postcentral area, superior frontal region, and medial occipitotemporal regions had significant value for predicting the elevated inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. Findings of this study suggested that deep learning techniques may have the potential to help identifying robust neurobiological markers for post-TBI attention deficits; and the left superior frontal, postcentral, and medial occipitotemporal regions may serve as reliable targets for diagnosis and interventions of TBI-related attention problems in children.

Association between Hyperemesis Gravidarum in pregnancy on postnatal ability of infants to attend to a play task with their mother

Research indicates a higher prevalence of attention deficits in children exposed to HG in utero compared to controls with some claiming that the deficit is due to prenatal effects of malnutrition in HG mothers and others that it is due to maternal mental health after birth. The current study examines the effect of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) diagnosis during pregnancy on infant attention controlling for maternal stress, depression anxiety and attachment. Thirty-eight infants mean age 4 months were videotaped with their mothers (19 mothers with a hyperemesis diagnosis and 19 controls) during play with a soft toy and looking at a picture book. Infant attention was operationalized as gaze direction towards the play activity, mother, and ‘distracted’ (indicated by looking away from play or mother). Mothers completed stress, depression, anxiety, and attachment questionnaires. HG exposed infants attended for significantly less time during play with a book or soft toy compared to controls. Maternal stress, depression, anxiety, and attachment did not differ in HG mothers and controls. Infant ability to attend to the toy, book, mother or being distracted did not relate to maternal postnatal attachment, or mental health. These results suggest that the prenatal environment, especially exposure to HG might be associated with reduced infant attention abilities independent of maternal postnatal health.

The Effects of Child and Adolescent Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Executive Function Deficits on Family Functioning

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ADHD and associated executive dysfunctions on family functioning and enrolled children aged between 8- 17 years old diagnosed with ADHD at the study center. The control group was formed of children attending well-child visits at the study center. Method: Executive functions were measured via the Stroop test- TBAG form while the Family Assessment Device (FAD) was used to assess family functioning. Diagnoses were ascertained with K-SADS-PL and symptom severity was reported by parents via the Turgay DSM-IV–Based Child and Adolescent Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate methods were used in analyses. P was set at 0.05 (Holm-Bonferroni procedure was used to control for family-wise error rate). Results: Families of children with ADHD performed significantly worse compared to controls in communication, affective responses, affective involvement, behavior control and general functioning. FAD- affective involvement scores of families of girls with ADHD were significantly elevated compared to males. ADHD subtypes, comorbidity and their interaction did not display significant effects on family functioning. Correlation analyses revealed that severity of oppositional and conduct disorder symptoms affected family functioning in various domains. In regression analyses, selective and focused attention and resistance to interference domains of Stroop-TBAG test did not significantly predict family functioning, although there was a signal that processing speed in resistance to interference domain may be important. Conclusion: ADHD diagnosis in children may affect multiple domains of family functioning. Parents of female children with ADHD may experience greater family dysfunction, especially in affective involvement. Severity of oppositionality and behavior problems rather than subtypes and comorbidity seem to affect family functioning in ADHD. Contributions of different facets of executive functions to family functioning in ADHD should be evaluated with different neuropsychological tasks.