Attainment In Survivors Research Articles

Educational attainment in survivors of childhood cancer in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden.

Survivors of childhood cancer may face difficulties at school. We investigated whether childhood cancer affects attainment of upper secondary education, in a register-based cohort study from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, where we limit bias from selection and participation. From the national cancer registers, we identified all long-term survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed aged 0-14 years in 1971-2005 (n = 7629), compared them to matched population comparisons (n = 35,411) and siblings (n = 6114), using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 6127 survivors (80%) had attained upper secondary education by age 25, compared to 84% among comparison groups. Elevated OR for not attaining this level were mainly confined to survivors of central nervous system (CNS) tumours (ORSurv_PopComp2.05, 95%CI: 1.83-2.29). Other risk groups were survivors who had spent more time in hospital around cancer diagnosis and those who had hospital contacts in early adulthood, particularly psychiatric. Survivors of all cancer types were less likely to have attained upper secondary education without delay. Although survivors of childhood cancer experienced delays in their education, many had caught up by age 25. Except for survivors of CNS tumours, survivors attained upper secondary education to almost the same extent as their peers.

Educational attainment in childhood cancer survivors: a meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo assess differences across educational outcomes in survivors of childhood cancer (CCS) compared with peers.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Data sources and study selectionMedline, EMBASE, ERIC, CINAHL and PsycInfo...

Childhood cancer, age at diagnosis and educational attainment: A meta-analysis

Despite improved mortality rates, cognitive and academic difficulties are evident in some childhood cancer survivor groups. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether: 1) survivors have lower educational attainment than non-cancer controls; 2) educational attainment varies according to cancer type (CNS versus non-CNS); and 3) whether an early age of diagnosis confers greater disadvantage. A systematic search utilising the terms "neoplasms", "childhood", "educational attainment" and other related terms retrieved 2256 records from Embase, Medline and PsycINFO. Eleven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Survivors were less likely than controls to graduate from high school (OR = 0.74, 95 % CI: [0.60; 0.92]) or university (OR = 0.74, 95 % CI: [0.58; 0.94]). Although educational attainment in survivors of CNS cancer is reduced, non-CNS cancer survivors tend to attain similar educational status to controls. Additionally, there is some evidence that a diagnosis prior to adolescence may reduce the likelihood of high school, but not university, graduation.

Social attainment in survivors of pediatric central nervous system tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis from the Children's Oncology Group.

Improved therapies for pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors have increased survival rates; however, many survivors experience significant long-term functional limitations. Survivors of pediatric CNS tumors can experience deficits in social attainment. The aim of this review was to systematically amalgamate findings pertaining to social attainment (i.e., educational attainment, marriage, employment outcomes) in survivors of pediatric CNS tumors. PubMed (web-based), PsycINFO (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid), and Web of Science (Thomson Reuters) were used to identify articles published between January 2011 and September 2018. Eligible studies reported outcomes for survivors of pediatric CNS tumors diagnosed before age 21years and > 5years from diagnosis and/or > 2years off therapy. All data were independently abstracted by two reviewers. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.0. The search yielded 7021 unique publications. Forty-six were included in the current review. Meta-analyses revealed survivors of CNS tumors were significantly more likely to have completed compulsory education only (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.66, 2.12, p < 0.00001), less likely to be married (OR = 4.70, 95% CI = 3.89, 5.68, p < 0.00001), and more likely to be unemployed (OR = 2.84, 95% CI = 2.62, 3.08, p < 0.00001) compared to non-cancer controls. Cranial radiation therapy, neurocognitive deficits, and younger age at diagnosis were associated with poorer outcomes. Hearing loss and bilateral blindness were also related to poorer outcomes. Sex did not impact social attainment outcomes. Survivors of pediatric CNS tumors are at elevated risk for poor attainment of key adult social outcomes. There is a critical need to develop interventions to support survivors in becoming independent and productive adults.

Longitudinal Changes in Obesity and Body Mass Index Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

We examined the rate of increase in the body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)) after final height attainment in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and a noncancer comparison group. Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) is a retrospectively ascertained cohort study that prospectively tracks the health status of adults who were diagnosed with childhood cancer between 1970 and 1986 and a comparison group of siblings. Changes in BMI from baseline enrollment to time of completion of follow-up (mean interval, 7.8 years) were calculated for 1,451 ALL survivors (mean age, 32.3 years at follow-up) and 2,167 siblings of childhood cancer survivors (mean age, 35.9 years). The mean BMI of the CCSS sibling comparison group increased with age (women, 0.25 units/yr, 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.28 units; men, 0.23 units/yr, 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.25 units). Compared with CCSS siblings, ALL survivors who were treated with cranial radiation therapy (CRT) had a significantly greater increase in BMI (women, 0.41 units/yr, 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.45 units; men, 0.29 units/yr; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.32 units). The rate of BMI increase was not significantly increased for ALL survivors who were treated with chemotherapy alone. Younger age at CRT exposure significantly modified risk. CRT used in the treatment of childhood ALL is associated with a greater rate of increasing BMI, particularly among women treated with CRT during the first decade of life. Health care professionals should be aware of this risk and interventions to reduce or manage weight gain are essential in this high-risk population.

Educational Attainment in Survivors of ALL

Educational Attainment in Survivors of ALL

Educational Attainment in Survivors of ALL-Reply

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The skewed age distribution is not due to an atypical sample or to poorer survival of younger children, but is due simply to the fact that ALL survival started to improve only during the 1970s. Thus, by 1989, when the interview was conducted, subjects treated at a young age were still not old enough to be eligible. Since we were interested in events of adulthood, we would have to wait another 10 years, until 1999, for the survival cohort to resemble an incidence cohort. With regard to the concern about the measures of scholastic achievement, we expect that the "rigor of academic programs" would be equally distributed across survivors and controls, especially because so many different schools are represented across many states in this study. We did not attempt to obtain verification of subjects' reported grades in school; in fact, the reliability of self-report data should be equally