Type Of Attachment Research Articles

The effect of adult attachment on mobile phone dependence among university students: the mediating role of loneliness

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the direct relationship between adult attachment and mobile phone dependence, as well as the mediating role of loneliness.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional study design, 596 Chinese university students (mean age = 19.8, SD = 1.09; females = 309) completed the Experience in Close Relationship Inventory, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index.ResultsThere were significant differences in loneliness and mobile phone dependence among university students with different adult attachment types. Adult attachment was found to have a significant positive correlation with mobile phone dependence. Moreover, adult attachment had an indirect association with mobile phone dependence through the mediating role of loneliness.ConclusionAdult attachment and mobile phone dependence are closely related, and loneliness plays a vital role in this relationship, suggesting that mobile phone dependence can be reduced by alleviating university students’ loneliness. These findings enhanced the understanding of the mechanism of mobile phone dependence and provided new perspectives for the prevention and treatment of mobile phone dependence among university students.

Effect of attachment type and implant position on the retention of mandibular implant-supported overdentures

Background. In implant-supported overdentures increase in the number of implants improves the retention and stability of the overdentures. A direct correlation exists between prosthesis retention and patient satisfaction. Therefore, this experimental study assessed the effect of attachment type and implant position on the retention of mandibular implant-supported overdentures. Methods. A transparent acrylic resin model of the mandible was fabricated, and dental implants were positioned at the first molar area (position 6), between the lateral incisor and canine teeth (positions B and D), and first premolars (positions A and E) bilaterally. Novaloc attachments (strong, medium, and light retentive caps) were used with ABDE, 6AE6, and 6BD6 implant positions. A Dolder bar attachment was also used with the ABDE implant position. Overdenture retention was measured under vertical loading, and the maximum dislodging force (MDF) was recorded. Data were analyzed by two-way and one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α=0.05). Results. The effects of attachment type and implant position [except for ABDE and 6AE6 with light retention insert (P=0.49), and 6AE6 and 6BD6 with strong retention insert (P=0.48)], and their interaction effect were significant on MDF (P<0.01). The highest retention was recorded for bar attachment (65.15 N), with the lowest for Novaloc attachment with light retention insert at ABDE implant position (11.97 N). Conclusion. With Novaloc attachments, minimum retention was recorded in ABDE, and maximum retention was recorded in the 6BD6 implant position due to the increased distance between attachments. The strong insert showed the highest retention value, which confirmed the manufacturer’s claim. Maximum retention was recorded with the bar and clip attachment.

Influence of relationships with mothers on romantic relationships of daughters

The influence of mother-daughter relationships on how women build romantic relationships in Vietnam and Russia has been studied. Children often imitate their parents in their thoughts and behaviors, so mothers have an important influence on the process of shaping daughters’ interaction with the environment. The relationship between mother and daughter represents the help daughter receives from her mother and daughter’s appreciation for her mother. Two techniques were used in the research process: “Questionnaire for determining the type of attachment to mother” by M.V. Yaremchuk and “Trent relationship scales” by E. Scharfe. Attachment in relationships with mothers has a similar vector in romantic relationships. Thus, negative attachment in relationships with mothers leads to negative attachment in romantic relationships, while positive attachment in relationships with mothers leads to positive attachment in romantic relationships. It has been revealed that Russian women have more positive relationships with their mothers than Vietnamese women, which leads them to build more positive romantic relationships.

Labial frenum attachment and its association with oral hygiene status in patients reporting to a local tertiary care dental hospital

Background and Objective: The labial frenum plays an important role in providing attachment between the lip and the alveolar process and at the same time contributes significantly to the maintenance of proper oral hygiene. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the labial frenum attachment in both the upper and lower jaw and investigate its potential association with the age, gender, and oral hygiene condition among individuals presenting to a local tertiary care hospital Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore over a period of six months. A total of 360 patients were included in the study after obtaining permission from the institutional ethical review committee The labial frenum type was identified and recorded for both mandible and maxilla. The oral hygiene status was accessed using the oral hygiene index (simplified). Assessment of both frenal attachment and oral hygiene was done by the same examiner to minimize the chances of any bias. Results: Our study included a total of 360 patients with 47% (171) males and 53% (189) females. Moreover, in our study, the most common type of frenal attachment was gingival (65%), followed by mucosal (19%) and less commonly the papillary (11%) and papillary penetrating (6%) types. A strong association was observed between the frenal attachment type and oral hygiene status among our study population (P value= 0.00). Conclusion: The association of frenal attachment with oral hygiene and gender is statistically significant.

Assessment of tibialis anterior tendon insertion variations in relation to hallux valgus utilizing magnetic resonance imaging

BackgroundHallux valgus is a deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the big toe and medial deviation of the first metatarsal, causing difficulty in walking and requiring various treatments. Despite its multifactorial etiology, the role of the tibialis anterior tendon in hallux valgus and its variations in the morphology of tibialis anterior tendon distal insertion sites have not been fully explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of such variations on hallux valgus using magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsThis was a retrospective study and included 115 individuals aged 18 years and older who underwent foot radiographs and MRI. The participants were divided into a hallux valgus group of 53 patients and a control group of 62 people based on radiographic measurements. Tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment was classified into five types according to the attachment morphology. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the tibialis anterior tendon types and hallux valgus severity.ResultsAmong the participants, patients who underwent foot radiography and MRI due to any medical indication 70.4% were female, with a mean age of 43.83 ± 15.25 years. In terms of tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment, the most common type was Type 5 (40.9%), followed by Type 2 (34.8%). Type 4 was not observed in any case. In all participants, the mean hallux valgus angle was 20.63 ± 8.42o, and the mean intermetatarsal angle was 9.69 ± 2.68o. Tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment Type 5 was significantly associated with an increased hallux valgus angle but not with the intermetatarsal angle. We found a significant relationship between the diameter of the tibialis anterior tendon and hallux valgus angle.ConclusionsThis study revealed a significant association between hallux valgus and Type 5 tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment, suggesting that tibialis anterior tendon morphology influences hallux valgus severity. The findings underscore the importance of considering variations in tibialis anterior tendon distal attachment sites in the etiopathogenesis and treatment planning of hallux valgus.

Anthropometric Study of Auricular Development in Human Fetal Cadavers

The aim of the study is to comprehensively examine the composition and localization of the auricle in formalin-fixed human fetuses during the second and third trimesters of the antenatal period. Ninety-seven auricles were evaluated (33 females and 31 males in the second, and 22 females and 11 males in the third trimester). Nine morphometric dimensions were directly measured from auricles. The position of the auricula relative to lateral cantus and oral commissure levels, and the ear inclination angle were determined. The frequency of lobule attachment types was also noted. All fetuses exhibited normal development within the 50% to 97% percentile range. Morphometric data (ear length, ear width, distance from tragus to helix, auricular base length, concha length, conchal width, lobule length, and lobule width) for the second and third trimesters were presented, along with comparisons of ear dimensions by side and sex. Attachment types of lobules in fetuses were with pendulous lobules being the most common at 62.5%, nonpendulous lobules at 21.88%, and partial pendulous lobules the least common at 15.62%. None of the fetuses exhibited low-set ears. Dimensional measurements revealed no statistically significant differences between fetuses, except for the left auricular base length in females, left concha length in males, and left lobule width in males, which were higher. Scatter plots of parameters with age and regression analysis were provided. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of fetal auricle development and serve as a reference during the second and third trimesters. Quantitative values of normal fetal ear growth can aid specialists in distinguishing congenital or developmental anomalies from normal ears.

The role of empathy and emotional regulation self-efficacy in adult attachment type and marital adjustment in breast cancer patients–a moderated mediation model

ABSTRACT To date, previous research has elucidated the impact of adult attachment type on marital relationships. However, the mechanisms underpinning the relationship between attachment type and marital adjustment in breast cancer patients remain unclear. In this study, a cohort of 272 breast cancer patients was surveyed using several instruments: the General Information Questionnaire, Revised Marital Adjustment Scale (RDAS), Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), Interpersonal Reactivity Indicator Scale (IRI), and Regulated Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale (RESS). We conducted moderated mediation analyses using the SPSS macro program PROCESS plug-in. Empathy was found to mediate the association between attachment type (attachment anxiety/attachment avoidance) and marital adjustment, with indirect effects of −0.141 (95% CI [−0.260, −0.063]) and 0.157 (95% CI [0.073,0.289]), respectively. Additionally, affect regulation self-efficacy was found to mediate the subsequent impact of attachment type (attachment anxiety/attachment avoidance) on marital adjustment via empathy, with moderated effects of 0.380 (95% CI [0.236, 0.525]) and 0.374 (95% CI [0.240, 0.509]), respectively. Consequently, the presence of insecure attachment in breast cancer patients appears to influence their empathy levels, thereby negatively impacting marital adjustment. Encouragingly, enhancing emotional regulation self-efficacy in patients holds the potential to mitigate these adverse effects. These findings contribute not only to a deeper theoretical understanding but also lay a solid foundation for practical interventions aimed at enhancing marital relationships among breast cancer patients.

Research on the Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Mental Health (Depression and Anxiety) among Chinese University Students

Abstract: Mental health problems are becoming more serious globally. Relevant literature suggests that insecure attachment has the potential to lead to a range of mental health problems. And increasing attachment security can greatly improve psychological resilience and overall mental health. In this study, 103 Chinese university students were selected to investigate the relationship between their attachment styles and their mental health, especially depression and anxiety. A structured questionnaire based on the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR-R) was used to assess participants' attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, and the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were used to assess mental health indicators. The findings reveal that significant differences in depression and anxiety levels between attachment types. Individuals with secure attachment styles exhibit significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety compared to those with insecure attachment styles, such as preoccupied, dismissive. In addition, attachment-related anxiety and avoidance scores could predict depression and anxiety levels. These results underscore the protective nature of secure attachment and highlight the importance of considering attachment styles in mental health interventions.

Oral Candidiasis in a Diabetic Patient Wearing Bar-Retained Provisional Overdenture: Clinical Case Report

Background: Denture stomatitis is a clinical manifestation of oral candidiasis, often seen in individuals wearing removable dentures that lead to the formation of sub-prosthetic stomatitis. This is particularly common in maladjusted appliances that have been in use for many years. Studies have shown that patients with systemic diseases such as diabetes, or other medical complexities, have a higher likelihood of developing denture stomatitis. To address this problem, the use of implant-retained dentures with different types of attachments has been introduced, providing increased comfort and hygiene for edentulous patients. However, this solution is not without its own set of challenges, being that the prolonged contact with mucosal surfaces can lead to challenges in cleaning and managing plaque depending on the attachment. Case Presentation: In this clinical case report, we present a female patient who developed bar-retained prosthetic stomatitis induced by oral candidiasis a few months after receiving her provisional prosthesis. Conclusions: In conclusion, this case report emphasizes the need to consider both systemic and local factors when preventing and treating denture stomatitis. By understanding the risk factors involved, healthcare professionals can provide their patients with the best possible care, helping to reduce the prevalence of oral candidiasis in individuals who use implant-retained dentures.

Adult Attachment Styles: Relationship with Parenting

The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between adult romantic behaviours—specifically, commitment and ghosting—and parenting methods, using a sample size of 97 participants. The study explores how early caregiver interactions mould internal working models of relationships, based on attachment theory, and how these influence adult romantic behaviours. The research focuses on how authoritative, authoritarian and, permissive parenting styles may relate to the development of four attachment styles- secure, preoccupied, fearful and dismissing which in turn impact adult relationship behaviours. The study employed the Perceived Parenting Style Scale and the Revised Adult Attachment Scale- Close Relationships Version to gather data. Understanding the interactions between parenting styles, attachment types, and adult romantic behaviours can provide key insights into the factors influencing healthy and unhealthy relationships

Trend of effects of various kinesiotaping methods on muscle contraction performance during fatigue: A randomized, crossover study

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of different kinesiotaping methods on muscle contraction of fatigued biceps. Patients and methods: Between April 01, 2019 to September 30, 2019, a total of 24 adults (11 males, 13 females; mean age: 31.8±6.1 years; range, 24 to 47 years) were recruited in the study. Each participant needed to receive all four types of tape attachment, including facilitation attachment (from origin to insertion), relaxation attachment (from insertion to origin), cross attachment, and control attachment after fatigue procedure. The order of taping approaches was randomly assigned. The outcome parameters were maximal isometric contraction strength, peak contraction speed, maximal 10-s power, and isokinetic contraction work. Results: The results revealed no significant differences among the four tape attachment methods for any of the parameters. However, the facilitation attachment exhibited the highest trend of improvement in all muscle contraction performance during fatigue, and the cross attachment exhibited the lowest trend of improvement in maximal isometric contraction and speed. Conclusion: None of the kinesiotape attachment methods significantly enhanced the contraction of fatigued muscles regardless of the attachment direction, including origin to insertion, insertion to origin and cross. Facilitation attachment exhibited the most effective trend of improvement and is, therefore, recommended for clinical applications. Cross attachment was not suggested to use due to the least effective trend.

Effects of Attachment and Emotional Feedback on Intimate Relationships

Using information from recent psychology studies, the review examines how attachment types and emotional feedback affect interpersonal relationships, particularly in intimate relationships with adults. Attachment theory, which is deeply rooted in the foundational studies conducted by the renowned psychologist John Bowlby, posits that individuals’ behaviors and emotions in their interactions with others within the context of relationships are significantly influenced and molded by the initial interactions they have with their primary caregivers during the early stages of their lives. This study looks at how happiness in relationships, emotional control, and conflict resolution are affected by secure, anxious, and avoidant attachment styles. Furthermore, partners’ spoken and nonverbal emotional input greatly influences the character of the relationship. While negative reactions may foster insecurity, positive replies often reinforce good attachment practices. Several research outcomes are included in this article to shed light on how attachment and emotional feedback interact. In closing, the study indicates directions for further investigation, particularly with regard to digital communication and diversity.

O-Ring and Bar-Clip: A Comparative Analysis of Retention in Overdenture Prostheses - A Systematic Review.

Mandibular implant-supported overdentures (IODs) show higher retention than conventional complete dentures. However, there is no consensus on the best attachment to ensure resistance to vertical displacement. The most used are o-ring and bar-clip. This systematic review answered "Which type of attachment for overdenture prosthesis provides higher retention: o-ring or bar-clip? The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The search was applied to 5 databases and grey literature. The selection process occurred in two blinded steps by the reviewers following the eligibility criteria: a randomized clinical trial comparing retention between o-ring and bar-clip in IODs. The risk of bias was analyzed by RoB II. 206 articles were found, and after removing the duplicates 136 were evaluated by title and abstract of which 24 were selected for full reading, 5 met the eligibility criteria, and all had a high risk of bias. The bar-clip provided higher retention than o-ring in four studies. The bar-clip system provides a higher retention rate than the o-ring. In addition, the selection of attachment systems is dependent on the patient's anatomical-functional and economic conditions.

Insecure attachment styles in adolescents at risk for eating disorders.

The present study examines insecure attachment styles in female adolescents, who are at risk for developing eating disorders. A second goal was to investigate whether attachment styles differentiate between high risk for anorexia and high risk for bulimia. A total of 150 adolescents were divided into four risk groups: High risk for anorexia, high risk for bulimia, medium risk and control group. The attachment styles were assessed using the Experience in Close Relationships Scale and the Relationship Questionnaire. Anxiety Attachment, but not Avoidance Attachment, was found to characterize those adolescents who are at risk for ED (AN + BN), and especially for those at high-risk for BN. The present results do not support the notion of an avoidance of emotional intimacy, characterizing the avoidant attachment style of those presenting with AN. Preoccupied Attachment style was found to characterize high-risk for BN, but not high-risk for AN, while the Insecure, Fearful, and Dismissing Attachment types did not differentiate between these two high-risk groups. This study highlights the dominant attachment style in adolescents at high risk for developing ED: The Anxiety Attachment style for AN and BN, and the Preoccupied Attachment style for BN but not for AN.

Relationship Between Types Of Parental Attachment, Levels Of Self-Esteem, And Perceived Academic Performance Among Students In Mixed-Day Secondary Schools In Masinga Sub-County In Machakos County, Kenya

This study investigated the relationship between types of parental attachment, levels of self-esteem and academic performance among students in Mixed-day secondary schools in Masinga Sub- County, Machakos County, Kenya. The objectives included assessing types of parental attachment, examining self-esteem levels, assessing levels of academic performance, and establishing the relationship between these variables. Materials and Methods: The study was informed by Maslow’s theory of need and Bowlby’s attachment theory and adopted correlational research design. The target population comprised 4,796 students, with a sample size of 356 participants selected through simple random sampling. Parental Attachment Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and Demographic Questionnaires were used to collect data. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 25) software, descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis) were used to analyze data. Results: The study found that most (53.3%, n = 213) of the participants scored anxious parental attachment, 25.4% (n = 121) were at avoidance parental attachment, and 21.3% (n = 105) had secure parental attachment. It was also found that 70.5% (n = 281) of the participants scored low self-esteem, 6.7% (n = 27) were at high self-esteem and 43.6% (n = 174) were average in academic performance, 42.9% (n = 171) had low academic performance, while 13.5% (n = 54) had a high academic performance. Conclusion: The study established a negative but significant relationship (r = -.852, p =.000) between avoidance parental attachment and self-esteem. There was a moderate significant relationship (r = -.313, p =.000 ≤ 0.05) between anxious parental attachment and self-esteem. There was a high positive significant relationship (r = .766, p =.000 ≤ 0.05) between secure parental attachment and self-esteem. There was a strong positive significant relationship (r = .630, p = .003, ≤ 0.05) between secure attachment style and perceived academic performance. The study recommended that parents should listen to their children and be fully present in their lives. The parents should be made aware of the crucial stage of development of their adolescents and fully collaborate with teachers in school activities whenever they are called upon

Attachment and mental health utilisation: A police perspective

At present, many Police officers avoid support for mental illness due to perceived occupational stigma (POS), depleting their wellbeing and job satisfaction. The present study examined the predictive qualities of attachment type, attempting to identify those predisposed to avoiding support based upon help-seeking attitudes, intentions and POS. According to 153 survey responses, POS significantly mediates the relationship between help-seeking attitudes and intentions in both secure and insecure-avoidant UK Police officers. While attachment based predictions were not supported, findings do emphasise the significance of stigma, encouraging interventions to promote help-seeking behaviours, well-being and job satisfaction of Police officers.

Secure base and mental health in children: a narrative review.

Childhood is a crucial period for the formation of an individual's attachment type. Previous studies focused more on how to directly intervene in children's mental health problems such as depression, and less on how to improve children's mental health from the perspective of attachment relationship. Secure base, as one of the core concepts of attachment theory, plays an important role in the whole process of children's psychological development. In this article, we review the concept of the secure base, describe current clinical practice and suggest future directions. A literature search was performed within electronic databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI. Chinese and English articles focusing on the secure base and attachment relationship among children were retrieved. Their publication dates were set from the inception of the database to August 6, 2024. While the secure base significantly impacts early childhood, a safe base may also be established through group and teacher-student relationships to activate individual secure attachment schemas. Most prior studies concentrated on the mother-child bond, with limited exploration of the father's role in the family dynamic. Furthermore, children's secure attachment development is not only influenced by parents' secure base script knowledge (SBSK) but also by intergenerational transmission. The underlying structure of secure base scripting knowledge plays a distinct role in middle childhood mental health. The mechanism by which family structure, the functional division of family roles, and the potential structure of safe-base script knowledge influence children's secure attachment development at various stages warrants further elucidation, including investigating cross-gender and cross-cultural stability. To facilitate the development of children's secure attachment pathways, it is essential to consider different attachment styles within parents and diverse family structures (including those in lesbian, gay, bisexual). From a clinical psychotherapy perspective, this review offered novel insights and practical guidance on how the secure base mechanism impacts children's mental health, with the overarching goal of mitigating the risk of mental health problems.

Ten-Year Follow-Up of Oral Implants in Bone With Limited Bucco-Oral Dimensions: A Prospective Case Series.

It has been suggested that 1-2 mm of bone width at the buccal and lingual aspect is required for a successful long-term implant outcome. Low levels of evidence support this minimum threshold of bone width. This prospective study aimed at evaluating the outcome of implants placed in alveolar ridges with limited bucco-oral dimensions. One-hundred implants (dia. 3.5 mm) were placed in 28 patients with narrow alveolar ridge dimensions (<4.5 mm width) without augmentation procedures and conventionally loaded. Intra-oral radiographs were taken at implant placement and abutment connection and at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 years of follow-up. At the 10-year follow-up (21 patients; 75 implants), full-mouth periodontal charting was performed, and the peri-implant keratinized tissue width and attachment type were recorded. Two calibrated periodontists analysed the peri-implant bone changes. After 10 years, all implants showed successful osseointegration and a cumulative survival rate of 100%. The implants were placed 0.85 mm ± 0.89 mm subcrestally. After 10 years, the marginal bone was located 1.59 ± 2.11 mm apical to the implant shoulder. Throughout this period of follow-up, the mean annual marginal bone loss was 0.094 mm. Furthermore, 84% of implants in 72% of patients presented with bleeding on probing. After 10 years of functional loading, implants placed in alveolar ridges with limited bucco-oral dimensions (≤4.5 mm) exhibited only minimum marginal bone loss.

Adult attachment and dehumanization among Chinese college students: trait attachment and state attachment perspectives.

Current social issues such as bullying, online violence, and local conflicts are all prominent topics in the field of psychology and linked to dehumanization. However, research on dehumanization from a non-Western background has been rare. As a key factor influencing individual behavior, attachment has not been sufficiently integrated into studies on dehumanization. Therefore, this study provides empirical evidence to explore the relationship between adult attachment (both trait and state) and dehumanization. The sample consisted of college students from China. In Study 1 (N = 705) latent profile analysis was employed to exploring the potential categories of trait adult attachment in China, and to investigate how these categories impact dehumanization. Study 2 (N = 281) focused on activating secure attachment and examined the effects of three state attachment types, security, avoidance and anxiety, on dehumanization. Study 1 identified four types of adult attachment: preoccupied, secure, fearful, and dismissing, and revealed that these different attachment types have varying impacts on dehumanization. Study 2 showed that both security and avoidance predict dehumanization. This research established a link between adult attachment and dehumanization, offering new insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying dehumanization and suggesting novel strategies for its prevention and intervention.

A case report on the management of mandibular midline diastema by using laser as a treatment modality

A frenum is a fold of mucous membrane that connects the labial mucosa (lips) to the gingiva or that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth and hence providing support to the lips and the tongue. The normal frenal attachment is at the level of mucogingival junction (mucosal) and hence maintaining a balance between the interproximal contacts of the anterior teeth of either maxilla or mandible. But if this frenal attachment is high or in other words if there is a an aberrant frenum, then this type of frenal attachment either results in spacing between the anterior teeth or in some cases can lead to the loss of gingival embrasure resulting in the creation of black triangle between the anterior teeth. Present case report is on a 38 years old female whose chief complaint was spacing between the mandibular central incisors and upon intraoral examination, it was noted that there was an aberrant frenum which has also resulted in loss of gingival embrasure between the mandibular anterior teeth and hence this aberrant frenum was treated by a process called frenectomy by using a thermal treatment modality called as Laser. Upon follow up after 1 week, there was a reduction in spacing between mandibular central incisors.