Altitude In Atmosphere Research Articles

Exploration of Deep-Learning-Based Error-Correction Methods for Meteorological Remote-Sensing Data: A Case Study of Atmospheric Motion Vectors

Meteorological satellite remote sensing is important for numerical weather forecasts, but its accuracy is affected by many things during observation and retrieval, showing that it can be improved. As a standard way to measure wind from space, atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) are used. They are separate pieces of information spread out in the troposphere, which gives them more depth than regular surface or sea surface wind measurements. This makes rectifying problems more difficult. For error correction, this research builds a deep-learning model that is specific to AMVs. The outcomes show that AMV observational errors are greatly reduced after correction. The root mean square error (RMSE) drops by almost 40% compared to ERA5 true values. Among these, the optimization of solar observation errors exceeds 40%; the discrepancies at varying atmospheric pressure altitudes are notably improved; the degree of optimization for data with low QI coefficients is substantial; and there remains potential for enhancement in data with high QI coefficients. Furthermore, there has been a significant enhancement in the consistency coefficient of the wind’s physical properties. In the assimilation forecasting experiments, the corrected AMV data demonstrated superior forecasting performance. With more training, the model can fix things better, and the changes it makes last for a long time. The results show that it is possible and useful to use deep learning to fix errors in meteorological remote-sensing data.

A Satellite Analysis: Comparing Two Medicanes

Morphological features of the Mediterranean Sea basin have recently been precursors to a significant increase in the formation of extreme events, in relation to climate change effects. It happens very frequently that rotating air masses and the formation of mesoscale vortices can evolve into events with characteristics similar to large-scale tropical cyclones. Generally, they are less intense, with smaller size and duration; thus, they are called Medicanes, a short name for Mediterranean hurricanes, or tropical-like cyclones (TLCs). In this paper, we propose a new perspective for the study and analysis of cyclonic events, starting with data and images acquired from satellites and focusing on the diagnostics of the evolution of atmospheric parameters for these events. More precisely, satellite remote sensing techniques are employed to elaborate on different high spatial-resolution satellite images of the events at a given sensing time. Two case studies are examined, taking into account their development into Medicane stages: Ianos, which intensified in the Ionian Sea and reached the coast of Greece between 14 and 21 September 2020, and Apollo, which impacted Mediterranean latitudes with a long tracking from 24 October to 2 November 2021. For these events, 20 images were acquired from two different satellite sensors, onboard two low-Earth orbit (LEO) platforms, by deeply exploiting their thermal infrared (TIR) spectral channels. A useful extraction of significant physical information was carried out from every image, highlighting several atmospheric quantities, including temperature and altitude layers from the top of the cloud, vertical temperature gradient, atmospheric pressure field, and deep convection cloud. The diagnostics of the two events were investigated through the spatial scale capabilities of the instruments and the spatiotemporal evolution of the cyclones, including the comparison between satellite data and recording data from the BOLAM forecasting model. In addition, 384 images were extracted from the geostationary (GEO) satellite platform for the investigation of the events’ one-day structure intensification, by implementing time as the third dimension.

SPECTRA OF ANOMALOUS COSMIC RAYS IN ATMOSPHERE. SINGLY IONIZED AND MULTIPLY CHARGED ACR COMPONENTS

The Anomalous Cosmic Ray (ACR) spectra and intensity in the middle atmosphere are determined using the CORSIMA (COsmic Ray Spectra and Intensity in Middle Atmosphere) model. ACR spectra are presented for various atmospheric altitudes within the range of 40–50 km, with the lower boundary of the ionosphere at approximately 50 km. Experimental satellite measurements are utilized for the main ACR constituents Helium and Oxygen nuclei. It is found that the influence of ACRs extends to the polar cap regions above 65°–70° geomagnetic latitude, and certain ACR ionization rate values in these regions are comparable to Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) ionization rates. Our studies also consider Multiply Charged Anomalous Cosmic Rays (MCACRs), which exhibit similar differential spectra to the singly ionized ACR component4.

Optimizing aerogravity-assisted maneuvers at high atmospheric altitude above Venus, Earth, and Mars to control heliocentric orbits

This paper analyzes the change in the heliocentric orbital elements due to the implementation of aerogravity and powered aerogravity assist maneuvers. Three cost functions were selected to maximize the planetocentric latitude, longitude, and velocity at the end of the atmospheric flight. An optimal control problem was solved to guide a spaceplane passing above the three inner planets: Venus, Earth, and Mars. The planets were selected because they have been relevant for gravity assists, and previous studies suggest that taking advantage of their atmospheres could increase the effects of the close approach. The research aims to analyze the variation in the heliocentric orbital elements of the trajectories after performing optimal aerogravity-assists and powered aerogravity-assisted maneuvers at high atmospheric altitudes. The trajectories were calculated via nonlinear programming to find the history of the control variables: angle of attack, bank angle, and thrust. Low-fidelity gravity and atmosphere models were implemented to evaluate this proof of concept. The optimization converged for all cases, and results show that maximization of the longitude increases the duration of the atmospheric flight, increasing the turning angle by almost twice the value of a single gravity assist. Furthermore, it reduces the energy and semimajor axis in half for approach angles between 20 and 90°, saving more than 10 km/s on propulsion. Maximizing the velocity with propulsion increases the semimajor axis by more than 1.1 times the semimajor axis of the respective planet, and the optimal latitude presents a change in inclination of more than 1.0°. This maneuver could be applied to collect atmospheric samples or increase the coverage above the planet of interest. Those kinds of applications are described at the end of this paper, including a brief discussion on the maturity of this technology.

Quantitative Evaluation of Spectra and Intensity of Anomalous Cosmic Rays in Middle Atmosphere

The influence of Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs) on ionization in the boundary of the ionosphere-middle atmosphere system (40–50 km) is investigated, taking into account the spectrum, intensity, geomagnetic, and atmospheric cut-offs. The ACR spectra and intensity in the middle atmosphere are determined using
 the CORSIMA (COsmic Ray Spectra and Intensity in Middle Atmosphere) model. ACR spectra are presented for various atmospheric altitudes within the range of 40–50 km, with the lower boundary of the ionosphere at approximately 50 km. Experimental satellite measurements are utilized for the main ACR constituents, including Hydrogen (protons), Helium, Nitrogen, and Oxygen nuclei. It is found that the influence of ACRs extends to the polar cap regions above 65°–70° geomagnetic latitude, and certain ACR ionization rate values in these regions are comparable to Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) ionization rates. Future studies will also consider Multiply Charged Anomalous Cosmic Rays (MCACRs), which exhibit similar differential spectra to the singly ionized ACR components addressed in this study.

Atmospheric transmission calculation of diode‐pumped alkali laser energy transfer

AbstractWireless power transfer has become a research hotspot in the field of energy transmission, among which laser energy transfer is one of the best approaches for long‐distance wireless transmission. Based on good atmospheric transmittance, especially the wavelengths consistent with the response range of mainstream Si and GaAs photovoltaic cells with relatively high photoelectric efficiency, diode‐pumped alkali laser (DPAL) energy transfer will have huge prospects. To solve the problem of long‐distance laser energy transfer of DPALs, laser atmospheric molecular absorption was calculated by analyzing the atmospheric transmission absorption effects of laser beams with specific wavelengths. The atmospheric transmission of three typical alkalis at different atmospheric modes and altitudes was calculated and compared, and practical suggestions were given.

Airfoil optimization for rotors operating in the ultra-low Reynolds number regime

Ultra-low Reynolds number aerodynamics has gained significant attention in recent times, primarily due to the proliferation of micro-aerial vehicles and their utilization in low-density environments such as the Martian atmosphere and high altitudes in Earth's atmosphere. The Martian atmosphere presents a unique combination of low Reynolds numbers and high subsonic Mach numbers, necessitating the use of unconventional airfoil designs in this regime. This study focuses on optimizing airfoils for rotors operating in the compressible ultra-low Reynolds number regime. We demonstrate the capability of XFOIL, a panel method code incorporating an integral boundary layer formulation, to accurately predict airfoil loads when the flow remains attached. We determine the optimal camber and maximum camber positions by analyzing the four digits, two percent thickness, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics XX02 airfoil family using XFOIL. Subsequently, we employ a multi-objective optimization approach, utilizing a Class Shape Transformation airfoil parameterization to maximize lift and minimize drag. We select several points from the resulting Pareto front and evaluate their performance through unsteady compressible Navier–Stokes simulations. Our findings reveal that incorporating sharp leading-edge variations in these airfoil designs enhances the peak efficiency by over 10%, primarily attributable to the development of laminar separation bubbles on the suction side of the airfoils. Importantly, these modified airfoils maintain favorable performance at low angles of attack.

Rapid calculation of atmospheric molecular absorption characteristics in the terahertz band based on wideband K-distribution method

This paper focuses on rapidly calculating atmospheric molecular absorption properties in the 0.3–30 THz frequency range of terahertz waves. It conducts research related to spectral radiation models and fast computation model databases. Based on the latest version of the High-resolution transmission molecular absorption database-2020, in conjunction with the line-by-line (LBL) spectral radiative calculation method, the spectral absorption characteristics of nine atmospheric molecules (H2O, CO2, O3, NO, N2O, NO2, NH3, SO2, CH4) are analyzed. The relative contributions of the eight other gas molecules absorption abilities in the terahertz range are examined, with H2O molecule serving as the reference. Taking into account the non-gray absorption properties of atmospheric molecules and the need for fast computation, this study divides the frequency range of 0.3–30 THz into 24 calculation bands based on the spectral absorption distribution characteristics of atmospheric molecules. Utilizing LBL calculations with a resolution of 0.01 cm−1, a non-correlated wideband K-distribution model (WBK) is developed, which achieves nearly the same computational accuracy as LBL. Furthermore, the WBK radiation calculation model is validated under both uniform and non-uniform atmospheric conditions based on earth atmospheric environmental parameters. An exponential kernel fitting coefficient table for the rapid calculation of atmospheric molecular absorption coefficients is established based on the WBK radiation calculation model to improve computational efficiency further. This database enables fast calculation of 24 broadband absorption coefficients (corresponding to 7 Gaussian integration points) within 0–100 km altitude in earth atmosphere.

Vibrational Kinetics of NO and N2 in the Earth's Middle Atmosphere During GLE69 on January 20, 2005

AbstractThe mechanisms of the production of vibrationally excited NO and N2 molecules at the altitudes of the middle atmosphere of the Earth during high‐energetic proton precipitation on 20 January 2005 are considered. The study of vibrational populations N2(X1Σg+,v′ > 0) during high‐energetic proton precipitation has shown different principal mechanisms in the N2(X1Σg+,v′ > 0) excitation. First, the excitation by secondary electrons is principal for vibrational levels v′ = 1−10. Second, it is obtained that intramolecular electron energy transfer process in N2(A3Σu+)+N2 collisions dominates in vibrational excitation of high vibrational levels v′ = 20−30. It is shown that the chemical reaction of metastable atomic nitrogen with molecular oxygen is the main production mechanism of vibrationally excited NO(X2Π,v > 0) and of the radiation of 5.3 and 2.7 μm infrared emissions at these altitudes. The calculated intensities of the 5.3 μm emission are compared with experimental data from SABER instrument on TIMED spacecraft received at the time of the proton precipitation. The role of VV′‐processes in the radiation of 5.3 μm infrared emission is discussed.

Estimates of energy fluxes associated with sprites in the mesosphere

We present calibrated estimates of photon flux, lightning peak Poynting flux and Joule heating associated with the brightest region of sprites observed in the mesosphere over South Africa. The sprites' photon fluxes were estimated using 28 sprites events (observed during the 2019 sprites campaign) calibrated by stars in the sprite's image background. The lightning driven background electric field associated with the brightest region of sprites were found to vary from 0.1 to 6.7 Ek (local air breakdown field). The lightning return stroke at lower frequencies (4 Hz - 2 kHz) has more influence in carrot sprites than in column sprites formation processes. The lightning peak Poynting flux and Joule heating were estimated from calibrated electromagnetic field measurements made in parallel with eight sprites events (observed during the 2020 sprites campaign). The photon flux, peak Poynting flux, and peak Joule heating associated with the brightest region of sprites were found to be 1.1 × 10−7 W/m2, 12.7 W/m2, and 4.7 × 10−3 W/m2 on average, respectively. The altitude/distance-normalised lightning peak Poynting flux decreases with increasing atmospheric altitude. The photon flux from column sprites decreased with increased altitude of the brightest region. Column sprites have a shorter time delay (<30 ms) from their parent lightning strokes than carrot sprites (up to 145 ms).

Numerical simulation of lateral jet interaction with rarefied hypersonic flow over a two-dimensional blunt body

Reaction Control System (RCS) is a direct force control system that successfully adjusts a craft's attitude or orbit using the reaction force created by jet flow. RCS is frequently employed in the management of near-space vehicles due to its properties of fast response time and effective control efficiency. When the near-space vehicle is navigating at high altitude in a low density atmosphere, the Navier–Stokes equation is no longer applicable. The numerical approach utilized in this study is known as the Conserved Discrete Unified Gas Kinetic Scheme, and the governing equation is the Boltzmann equation, which is not constrained by the continuum hypothesis. In velocity space, an unstructured mesh is utilized, which minimizes the amount of discrete velocity points and considerably increases computation efficiency. The numerical results are in good agreement with the direct simulation Monte Carlo code DS2V when modeling large Knudsen number lateral jet flow. The interaction flow field between hypersonic free stream and lateral jet is then simulated at altitudes of 60–90 km using argon as the working gas and a two-dimensional blunt cone with lateral jet as the study object. Under a fixed jet pressure ratio, preliminary research was conducted on the variation of the lateral jet interference flow field characteristics with the freestream Knudsen number and angle of attack. The differences in surface pressure and heat flux caused by jet opening and shutting are compared. Under rarefied atmospheric conditions, the variation of the force/moment amplification coefficient is given. The numerical results show that when the angle of attack is 0°, the separation area in front of the nozzle and a pair of opposite vortices, which are common in the jet interference flow field, gradually disappear with increasing altitude, but the separation vortex reappears when the angle of attack of the freestream is increased. The high-pressure region generated upstream of the nozzle is the primary cause of the extra force/moment. The density of the main flow decreases as altitude increases, various shock wave patterns of the interference flow field gradually dissipate and the force/moment amplification factor changes considerably. The rarefied gas effect has a significant effect on the lateral jet interference flow.

Three Satellites Dynamic Switching Range Integrated Navigation and Positioning Algorithm with Clock Bias Cancellation and Altimeter Assistance

Challenging environments such as cities, canyons, and forests have become key factors affecting navigation stability. When users pass through intricate overpasses and winding road sections, due to the fluctuation of the geoid, there will be a large fluctuation problem in the elevation measurement error of the user’s receiver. In addition, even if the low Earth orbit (LEO) constellation has thousands of satellites, there will be no technical problems in regard to destroying LEO satellites with existing technology in extreme situations such as warfare and in challenging environments such as dense forests, canyons, and ravines, where three or fewer visible satellites is a foreseeable scenario. To solve the problem of providing location services in such challenging environments, first, we analyze the relationship between temperature and atmospheric pressure and altitude; and then, based on this, we propose an initialization correction method for elevation measurements. Next, based on the broadband LEO constellation, we give an integrated navigation and positioning scheme with the assistance of both a clock bias elimination system and an altimeter. Finally, the proposed scheme is simulated and verified. The experimental results show that the dynamic switching of LEO satellites, combined with the assistance of the altimeter, can effectively improve the stability and positioning accuracy of navigation and positioning and can suppress the large navigation errors caused by the long switching time without the assistance of the altimeter. This allows the switching time to be extended; thus, it can be used as a technical reference solution for integrated communication and navigation (ICN) in the future.

Aircraft Cruise Altitude and Speed Profile Optimization in a Real Atmosphere

Aircraft Cruise Altitude and Speed Profile Optimization in a Real Atmosphere

Radiation risk assessment for varying space weather conditions for very high altitude 'near space' tourism balloon flights

Within the next decade it is likely that the space tourism industry will grow dramatically and the number of humans travelling into, and beyond, the stratosphere via commercial entities such as World View and Space Perspective will increase. Current space tourism ventures focus on long duration very high altitude balloon flights; also known as ‘near space’ flights, sub-orbital flights and visits to Low Earth Orbit (LEO). In the next few decades space tourism is ultimately likely to become routine. During these new commercial ventures the effects of cosmic radiation exposure, especially during sudden changes in space weather, such as ground level enhancement (GLE) events, could have significant health implications for crew and passengers. The risks from these rapid changes in space weather and potential radiation exposure during flights is not currently fully understood or even acknowledged. Legislation and regulation for such enterprises is also in its infancy with little or no guidance for commercial entities or potential passengers. Initial work at the University of Surrey has focused on very high altitude ‘near space’ balloon flights. World-wide launch locations for flights have been modelled using MAIRE and CARI-7 computer programs. Flight routes have been monitored, for current commercial and higher flight levels, using the Smart Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation (SAIRA) detector. The modelled flight profiles have been compared with detector data, up to a maximum flight altitude of 30 km (100,000 ft), with varying space weather conditions, from norms to extreme events, to assess the radiation risk presented by potential exposure.Plain Language Summary: An assessment of the risks and potential radiation exposure from flying to ‘near space’ within newly designed observation balloons at very high altitude in the upper atmosphere above the Earth. Looking at the impact of radiation from the sun and sources outside the solar system, and critically when these conditions vary which could result in high levels of exposure.

Stratospheric chlorine processing after the 2020 Australian wildfires derived from satellite data

The 2019 to 2020 Australian summer wildfires injected an amount of organic gases and particles into the stratosphere unprecedented in the satellite record since 2002, causing large unexpected changes in HCl and ClONO2. These fires provided a novel opportunity to evaluate heterogeneous reactions on organic aerosols in the context of stratospheric chlorine and ozone depletion chemistry. It has long been known that heterogeneous chlorine (Cl) activation occurs on the polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs; liquid and solid particles containing water, sulfuric acid, and in some cases nitric acid) that are found in the stratosphere, but these are only effective for ozone depletion chemistry at temperatures below about 195 K (i.e., largely in the polar regions during winter). Here, we develop an approach to quantitatively assess atmospheric evidence for these reactions using satellite data for both the polar (65 to 90°S) and the midlatitude (40 to 55°S) regions. We show that heterogeneous reactions apparently even happened at temperatures at 220 K during austral autumn on the organic aerosols present in 2020 in both regions, in contrast to earlier years. Further, increased variability in HCl was also found after the wildfires, suggesting diverse chemical properties among the 2020 aerosols. We also confirm the expectation based upon laboratory studies that heterogeneous Cl activation has a strong dependence upon water vapor partial pressure and hence atmospheric altitude, becoming much faster close to the tropopause. Our analysis improves the understanding of heterogeneous reactions that are important for stratospheric ozone chemistry under both background and wildfire conditions.

Eocene paleoelevation of the Tuoyun Basin, northeastern Pamirs: Evidence from a lava-vesicle-based paleoaltimeter

The arc-shape Pamir tectonic belt is located on the northwestern margin of the Tibetian plateau. At present, there are many different understandings on the history of the Pamir Plateau uplift, mainly on the time of uplift, which seriously affects the understanding of the global paleo-environmental changes since the Cenozoic. The method of reconstructing paleoelevation based on lava vesicles has improved in recent years, providing the means for establishing reliable constraints on the uplift time of the Pamir plateau. We studied Cenozoic vesicular basalt from the Tuoyun Basin in the northeastern margin of the Pamir tectonic belt. We used a lava-vesicle paleoaltimeter that measured vesicle volume at the tops and bottoms of two basalt layers, allowing the elevation of the Tuoyun Basin during the Eocene to be reconstructed according to the relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude. Results show that the Tuoyun Basin had reached the elevation of > 2000 m at ca. 48 Ma, indicating that the influence of the Pamir tectonic belt on the Tianshan Mountains began during the Eocene. This new finding offers our contribution to better understand the impact the uplift of the Tibetian plateau on the Tianshan region and the environmental changes in central Asia during the Cenozoic.

Measurement of g Using a Steel Ball and a Smartphone Acoustic Stopwatch

With the development of digital technology, plentiful sensors are embedded in the smartphone, which makes it a valuable tool for teaching elementary experimental physics. For instance, the magnetic field sensor of the smartphone has been used to measure gravitational acceleration by measuring the magnetic pendulum’s oscillation period. The pressure sensor has helped explore the relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude. The speed of sound in air can be easily measured using two smartphones with a sound sensor. Recently, Kim et al. put forward a smartphone “multiple tasking” method to analyze free-falling motion and measure the acceleration due to gravity; however, it involved a complex error analysis. To solve the problem, this experiment uses the acoustic stopwatch sensor of the smartphone, which can record the time of free-falling motion accurately.

Variations of aerosol and cloud vertical characteristics based on aircraft measurements in upstream of Shanghai during the 2020 China international import expo

Vertical information about aerosols and clouds is vital to understanding aerosol transport, aerosol-cloud interactions, and pollution-weather-climate feedback so as to reduce uncertainties in estimating their climatic effects. The combination of sounding, lidar, aircraft, and satellite measurements is widely used to obtain the vertical information of aerosols and clouds. We used an aircraft measurement over southern Anhui, the upstream regions of Shanghai, on 1 November which conducted to ensure good air quality for the Third China International Import Expo to examine the vertical characteristics of aerosol and cloud microphysical properties and their variations before and after cloud seeding. Observations showed aerosols and clouds were vertically stratified. Most aerosols trapped within the boundary layer are small particles with sizes less than 0.12 µm. Aerosol number concentrations (Na) generally decreased with altitude in the cloudless atmosphere, with the largest particles occurring in 2500–3500 m due to dust transported from distant regions and high ambient humidity. Four separate cloud layers with unequal depths dominated by altostratus and nimbostratus appeared at different heights. The maximum cloud droplet concentration (Nc) and the minimum cloud droplet diameter (Dc) that appeared in the mid-level cloud (2246–2482 m) were 107.7 cm−3 and 4.03 μm, respectively, owing to the high proportion of hygroscopic particles. Hygroscopic particles played an important role in the growth of droplets and the activation of cloud condensation nuclei, especially under high ambient humidity. Cloud droplet size spectrum showed a unimodal distribution with a single peak at 5 µm in low- (970–1000 m) and mid-level clouds, but a trimodal distribution with peaks at 7 μm, 12 μm, and 17 μm in the mid-high- and high-level clouds, indicating the broadening of spectra with increasing altitude. An artificial seeding experiment was conducted in the high-level clouds. Big cloud droplets and ice crystals increased significantly after cloud seeding. Meanwhile, cloud particle populations showed less Nc, larger Dc, and a wider size spectrum. Our results suggest that the artificial precipitation experiment promoted rainfall to a certain extent and contributed to the removal of pollutants from upstream regions, which is beneficial to the air quality of Shanghai.

Exposure to Atmospheric Ozone Disruption and Altitude Over 3500 m.a.s.l. are Associated with a Higher Prevalence of Photodermatoses in Pediatric Population of High-Altitude in Peru.

ObjectiveTo determine if exposure to atmospheric ozone disruption and other factors are associated with photodermatoses in the high-altitude pediatric population in Peru.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional study based on data obtained from studies of dermatological diseases among the population exposed to mine tailings in Peru which included children under the age of 18 in 6 population centers located over 2500 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l). We evaluated the presence of photodermatoses and possible associated factors obtaining the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and confidence intervals (CI).Results594 children below the age of 18 participated in this study, 53.0% girls, the average age was 10.4 ± 4.1 years. 51.3% were exposed to a mini hole in the ozone layer, 60.1% resided at an altitude over 3500 m.a.s.l and 51.9% presented cutaneous manifestations of atopy upon physical examination. The prevalence of photodermatoses was 64.8%, of which the most frequent were actinic prurigo (49.3%), pityriasis alba (18.5%) and actinic cheilitis (4.4%). The multivariate analysis found that residing in a region exposed to the mini hole in the ozone layer (aOR = 4.23; CI 95%: 2.32–7.72) and residing at an altitude over 3500 m.a.s.l (aOR = 2.76; CI 95%: 1.57–4.86) were both independent associated factors to photodermatoses.ConclusionA high prevalence of photodermatoses exists among the pediatric population living at high-altitude in Peru. Residing in a region exposed to a mini hole in the ozone layer and residing over 3500 m.a.s.l constituted associated factors.

Over-the-Horizon Channel of Radio Communication at VHF Band via Artificial Plasma Clouds

Metal cesium (Cs) vapor, released at an altitude in the upper atmosphere, generates an artificial space plasma cloud with high electron density. It can act as a scatter to realize radio communication across an over-the-horizon distance. A full-life model of radio propagation via an artificial plasma cloud is established based on its space–time evolution in this article. In addition, this model is verified by the sounding data of the rocket release experiment carried out in the United States. The multipath effect of plasma cloud scattering is studied by using ray tracing, and then, the coherent bandwidth is estimated for this spatial channel. Also, the theoretical channel model of artificial plasma cloud is established by using its space–time evolution and atmospheric wind field parameters. Considering common modulation modes and receiver noise levels, the potential communication performance is evaluated by using the proposed channel model, such as the transmission rate, the bit error rate (BER), and the available time for building up and maintaining communication links. It is shown that the maximal communication rate is up to 200 kb/s, BER overall maintains below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−7</sup> , and the available time for a single release is about 30–60 min; for the case of this article, they are release mass of 2–10 kg, communication distances of 400–1200 km, and radio frequencies of 30–70 MHz at the VHF band. This demonstrates that the artificial channel can propagate radio waves at a much higher frequency, wider bandwidth, and higher rate than those of HF communication. Hopefully, it could be a solution to overcome the intolerable shortcoming and adverse effects on HF communication due to ionospheric disturbances especially in cases of maritime, emergency, and minimum communications