Associations Of Vitamin B12 Status Research Articles

P18-045-23 Association of Vitamin B12 Status With Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Factors in Children From Southern India

P18-045-23 Association of Vitamin B12 Status With Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Factors in Children From Southern India

Vitamin B12 Status and Metabolic Health in Women of Reproductive Age in Southern India

ObjectivesTo examine the burden of metabolic outcomes and associations of vitamin B12 status with metabolic health in women of reproductive age (WRA), as part of a population-based biomarker survey in Chittoor, India. MethodsParticipants (980 WRA; 15–40y nonpregnant or lactating) were assessed for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; nephelometry) and serum vitamin B12 concentrations (chemiluminescence). Anthropometric measurements and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were collected in triplicate. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to evaluate whole body (WF%) and trunk (TF%) fat among women ≤ 18y. We defined elevated HbA1c as ≤ 6.5% and ≤ 5.7-< 6.5%, and hypertension as stage 1 (SBP 130–139 or DBP 80–89 mmHg) and stage 2 (SBP ≤ 140 or DBP ≤ 90 mmHg). Vitamin B12 was natural logarithmically transformed prior to analyses; vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as < 148 pmol/L. Linear and binomial regression models were used to examine associations of vitamin B12 status with metabolic outcomes. ResultsA total of 23.3% of adult WRA were overweight (body mass index (BMI): 25.0 to < 30.0 kg/m2) and 9.7% had obesity (≤30.0 kg/m2). Waist circumference (WC; ≤88.9 cm) and waist-hip ratio (WHR; ≤0.85) were elevated in 13.4% and 20.1% of adult WRA. One-fourth of WRA had elevated HbA1c (≤6.5%: 5.0%; ≤5.7-< 6.5%: 20.0%), and 18.6% had hypertension (stage 1: 16.4%; stage 2: 2.2%); 48.3% of WRA were vitamin B12 deficient. Higher continuous vitamin B12 concentrations were associated with lower BMI (β [standard error (SE)] -0.65 [0.28]) and WF% (-1.01 [0.50]); lower risk of elevated WC (risk ratio (RR) [95% confidence interval] 0.64 [0.49–0.85]); and higher risk of HbA1c ≤ 5.7% (1.19 [1.00–1.41]). Vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with higher BMI (β [SE] 0.98 [0.34], p = 0.004), WC (1.96 [0.76]), WF% (1.75 [0.59]), and TF% (2.03 [0.73]); and higher risk of having overweight (RR: 1.31 [1.09–1.58]), elevated WC (1.85 [1.32–2.60]), and WHR (1.38 [1.07–1.78]). ConclusionsThe burden of adverse metabolic outcomes was substantial in this population, and vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with central adiposity and overweight. Evaluating the role of vitamin B12 in the development of metabolic outcomes in future studies could inform screening and interventions to improve vitamin B12 status and metabolic health in WRA. Funding SourcesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.

Associations of vitamin B12 status with cognitive domain performance in cognitively healthy older adults

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing longevity worldwide has resulted in an unprecedented high burden of dementia. Several lines of research have implicated factors affecting B‐vitamin status among risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia. We aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among cognitively healthy volunteers from the Cognitive Health in Ageing Register: Investigational, Observational, and Trial Studies in Dementia Research: Prospective Readiness cOhort (CHARIOT:PRO) SubStudy (CPRO‐SS) and also, to explore associations with cognitive performance at screening.MethodThis analysis includes data from cognitively healthy volunteers (n=1946) aged 60‐85 years who underwent, as part of screening, Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), vitamin B12 and folate measures. Levels of B12 biomarkers, homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, were assayed for those with low vitamin B12 (&lt;133 pmol/L); high levels indicating severe B12 deficiency. Gender‐specific linear regression models were computed for associations of B vitamin biomarkers and BMI with RBANS domain indices and individual tests, controlling for confounders. Regression by B12 status group (normal, deficient, severely deficient) for RBANS associations were analysed for all participants.ResultVitamin B12 deficiency (&lt;148 pmol/L) was detected in 17.2% of the cohort; folate &lt;10nmol/L in 1%. Low vitamin B12 was associated with subtle deficits in immediate and delayed memory test scores (p&lt;0.03) in men. Elevated folate was associated with poorer Attention index in men (β ‐0.12; p=0.019), and individual subtests in men and women (p&lt;0.03). High BMI was associated with poorer Attention and Visuospatial indices and subtests in men and women (P&lt;0.05), but no interaction with B12 was detected (p&gt;0.05). Regression by B12 status group revealed deficits in Attention (β ‐6.46; p=0.004) for B12 Deficient, and Immediate Memory (β ‐2.99; p=0.019) for Severely Deficient (with elevated homocysteine and/or methylmalonic acid and/or low folate), relative to the Normal group.ConclusionThis study highlights subtle domain‐specific cognitive deficits that varied between men and women, with evidence of graded cognitive deterioration with increasing severity of vitamin B12 deficiency. High BMI had negative effects on attention and visuospatial skills in this cohort. These results will be discussed in the context of clinical trials for prevention of AD and therapeutic strategies for subgroups.

Vitamin B12 deficiency in African American and white octogenarians and centenarians in Georgia.

Test the hypotheses that vitamin B12 deficiency would be prevalent in octogenarians and centenarians and associated with age, gender, race/ethnicity, living arrangements (community or skilled nursing facility), animal food intake, B-vitamin supplement use, atrophic gastritis, folate status, and hematological indicators. Population-based multi-ethnic sample of adults aged 80 to 89 and 98 and above. Northern Georgia in the United States. Men and women aged 80 to 89 (octogenarians, n = 80) and 98 and older (centenarians, n = 231). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations of vitamin B12 status with the variables of interest. After excluding participants receiving vitamin B12 injections (n = 17), the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was higher in centenarians than in octogenarians (35.3% vs. 22.8%, p < 0.05, defined as plasma vitamin B12 < 258 pmol/L and serum methylmalonic acid > 271 nmol/L and methylmalonic acid > serum 2-methylcitrate) and in both age groups was correlated with significantly higher homocysteine (p < 0.05) and lower plasma and red cell folate (p < 0.01), but was not related to hemoglobin, anemia, mean cell volume, or macrocytosis. In logistic regression analysis, the probability of being vitamin B12-deficient was significantly increased by being a centenarian vs. octogenarian (p < 0.03), by being white vs. African American (p < 0.02), by increasing severity of atrophic gastritis (p < 0.001), and by not taking oral B-vitamin supplements (p < 0.01), but was not related to gender, living arrangements, or animal food intake. Centenarians and octogenarians are at high risk for vitamin B12 deficiency for many of the same reasons identified in other older adult populations. Given the numerous potential adverse consequences of poor vitamin B12 status, efforts are needed to ensure vitamin B12 adequacy in these older adults.