Association Of Nutrient Intake Research Articles

Associations of Nutrient Intake and Dietary Patterns With Serum Folate Levels Among Pregnant Women With Pre-pregnancy Obesity in Taiwan

Associations of Nutrient Intake and Dietary Patterns With Serum Folate Levels Among Pregnant Women With Pre-pregnancy Obesity in Taiwan

The association of nutrient intake with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2013-2014

BackgroundDietary nutrient supplements are helpful in the treatment of many diseases, but their effect on epilepsy is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary intake of multiple nutrients and epilepsy. MethodsA total of 3963 participants from the NHANES database were involved in this study. We compared the dietary intake of 14 nutrients between the normal population and those with epilepsy. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were conducted to evaluate the association of these nutrients with epilepsy. ResultsCompared with the normal population, the epilepsy patients showed lower intakes of protein, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, Fe, and Zn. Multivariable logistic regression showed the negative association of vitamin B1 (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.293, 0.897) with epilepsy. When vitamin B1 was divided into 4 groups according to quartiles, the highest quartile showed a lower odds ratio (OR = 0.338, 95% CI: 0.115, 0.997) than that of the lowest quartile. In different population stratifications, the association of vitamin B1 with epilepsy was different. Vitamin B1 was negatively associated with the odds ratio of epilepsy among the elderly (OR = 0.243), low-income population (OR = 0.337), and current smokers (OR = 0.283). ConclusionEpilepsy patients had significantly lower intakes of vitamin B1, which was inversely associated with epilepsy risk. More detailed clinical trials are needed to accurately evaluate nutritional supplements for epilepsy.

Association of nutrient intake with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver steatosis in adult Indian population – A case control study

Association of nutrient intake with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver steatosis in adult Indian population – A case control study

Association of Nutrient Intake with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Steatosis in Adult Indian Population –A Case Control Study

Association of Nutrient Intake with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Steatosis in Adult Indian Population –A Case Control Study

Associations of Nutrient Intakes in Childhood With Hepatic and Abdominal Fat in Adolescence: The EPOCH Study

ObjectivesBody fat distribution is a strong risk factor for metabolic dysfunction in childhood and may be a target for lifestyle interventions. Prospective studies linking childhood dietary intake and future body fat deposition are needed to develop optimal therapeutic strategies. Our objective was to examine associations of childhood nutrient intakes with hepatic fat (HF), abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in adolescence. MethodsData were from 302 participants in the Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children (EPOCH) study in Colorado. Visits were completed in childhood (T1, ∼10yrs) and adolescence (T2, ∼16yrs). Diet was assessed by Block Kids Food Questionnaire at T1. HF (%) and abdominal SAT and VAT (mm2) were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging at T1 (abdominal fats only) and T2. Two types of models (energy partition and isocaloric substitution) were constructed to examine associations of nutrient intakes at T1 with HF and abdominal VAT and SAT at T2. ResultsIn energy partition models adjusted for other macronutrients and confounders (sex, age, race/ethnicity, puberty), higher starch and total fat intake at T1 were associated with higher log-HF and SAT, respectively, at T2 [β (95% CI) = 0.07 (0.01,0.14) for log-HF per 100 kcal/d starch, 17.0 mm2 (4.3,29.7) for SAT per 100 kcal/d fat]. In isocaloric substitution models holding total energy intake (TEI) constant, replacing protein with starch was marginally associated with log-HF at T2 [0.12 (–0.02,0.26) per 5% TEI/d starch at the expense of protein], and replacing carbohydrates (CHO) with total fat was associated with SAT at T2 [19.3 mm2 (3.1,35.5) per 5% TEI/d fat at the expense of CHO]. There were no associations of nutrient intakes with VAT at T2. Adjusting for abdominal SAT at T1 attenuated associations between fat intake at T1 and SAT at T2 to the null [4.6 mm2 (–3.7,12.9) in energy partition models; 10.5 mm2 (–0.01,21.0) in isocaloric substitution models with CHO]. ConclusionsOur results suggest that higher starch intake in childhood, especially at the expense of protein, is associated with higher adolescent HF. We also found that higher fat intake in childhood, especially at the expense of CHO, was associated with higher adolescent abdominal SAT, and that this may reflect an association that was already present earlier in childhood. Funding SourcesNIDDK; NIH/NCATS Colorado CTSA.

Associations of early nutrition with growth and body composition in very preterm infants: a prospective cohort study.

To investigate impacts of early postnatal macronutrient intakes on growth and body composition of preterm infants within the first 6 months. One hundred and thirty-three very preterm (VPT) and/or very low birth weight (VLBW) infants were consecutively included. Enteral and parenteral macronutrient intakes during the first 28 days were recorded and average daily intakes were calculated. Growth was measured at birth, term age, and 6 months of corrected age (CA). Body composition was examined by air displacement plethysmograph at term age and 6 months of CA. Associations of nutrient intakes with growth and body composition over time were analyzed using generalized estimating equation. After adjusting for covariates, higher daily protein, lipid, and energy intake during the first 28 days was associated with higher weight at term age for every 1 g/kg/day increment of protein and lipid intake, and every 10 kcal/kg/day increment of energy intake was associated with 0.50 (95% CI 0.04, 0.96), 0.29 (95% CI 0.07, 0.51), and 0.27 (95% CI 0.10, 0.44) higher weight z-score, respectively. Higher protein intake was associated with lower z-score of fat mass (FM, β = -1.88, 95% CI -3.53, -0.23) and percentage of body fat (PBF, β = -2.18, 95% CI -3.98, -0.39) at 6 months of CA, but higher lipid and carbohydrate intake was associated with higher FM and PBF z-scores at 6 months of CA. Macronutrient intakes during the first month of life have impacts on growth and body composition before 6 months of age. Higher daily protein intake is associated with a better growth and healthier body composition for VPT/VLBW infants.

Association between nutrient intake and telomere length in Japanese female university students

Objective Telomere length can be a biomarker of cumulative oxidative stress and inflammation indicating biological aging. Previous studies examined association of nutrient intake with telomere length targeting middle-aged and elderly individuals. This study examined whether dietary macro- and micronutrient intake was associated with telomere length in young females. Methods Seventy-four Japanese young females (median (interquartile range) age was 19 (19 − 20) years) participated. We estimated their intake of nutrients (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, essential elements, vitamins, fatty acids, and dietary fibre) using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and measured telomere length (T/S ratio, the ratio of telomere repeat copy number (T) to single-copy gene number (S)) of DNA extracted from blood by qPCR. The association between telomere length and tertiles of nutrient intake were analysed. Results The median (interquartile range) of telomere length was 0.70 (0.52 − 0.98). Vitamin A intake was positively associated with telomere length (tertile 1 vs. 2, coefficient [95% confidence interval] = 0.42 [0.12, 0.71]; tertile 1 vs. 3, coefficient [95% confidence interval] = 0.33 [0.04, 0.62]) after adjusting for covariates (age, BMI, passive smoking, and drinking). Conclusions Our findings suggest that variation in vitamin A intake might influence telomere attrition in healthy individuals.

Association of nutrient intakes with physical activity in patients on chronic hemodialysis

Rationale: Nutritional management of hemodialysis patients is important because protein-energy wasting worsens their prognosis of life. It is reported that appetite of elderly and frail patients is promoted when daily physical activity is high. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between nutrient intake and daily physical activity in hemodialysis patients.

Development and Evaluation of a Novel Diet Quality Screener for Global Use

Abstract Objectives Appropriate tools for measuring and tracking diet quality on a global scale are lacking. Such instruments need to be easy-to-use across various settings, and based on a metric associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and key nutrient intakes. We developed and evaluated a diet quality screener among women in a high-income country setting. Methods The Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), a new food-based global diet quality index, shown to predict multiple NCDs among large U.S. cohorts, and associated with nutrient intake adequacy in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), was used to develop a short-form diet screener. Participants were recruited via Amazon MTurk to complete two 24-hour diet recalls (ASA24) and two screeners (PDQS-24HR and PDQS-30D) 7–30 days apart. Spearman rank correlation and linear regression were used to evaluate correlations and associations between usual nutrient intakes assessed by ASA24 and the PDQS values. We also compared the associations of the two score values with nutrient intakes by including them simultaneously in a regression model, and using a Wald test. Results The final sample included 290 U.S. women of reproductive age (41 ± 11). The median time required for completing the PDQS-24HR was 4.9 minutes, compared to 21 minutes for the ASA24. The rank correlations of the PDQS-24HR with energy-adjusted intakes of some key nutrients were 0.53 (fiber), 0.50 (β-carotene), 0.37 (folate), 0.31 (vitamin B6), 0.36 (vitamin C), 0.40 (vitamin E), 0.48 (potassium), 0.51 (magnesium), 0.25 (zinc), 0.21 (iron), 0.17 (PUFAs), −0.34 (added sugar), and −0.19 (SFA) (all P < 0.05). Correlations of the PDQS for vitamin B1 and calcium were null. Associations of nutrient intakes with the PDQS-30D were not significantly different from those with the PDQS-24HR. Conclusions The results of an initial evaluation of a stand-alone, PDQS-based diet quality screener among U.S. women are promising. Associations between the PDQS and nutrient intakes were of variable strength but in the expected directions. The lack of correlation for calcium intake warrants further examination: it may be partially attributed to the neutral scoring of key sources of this nutrient in U.S. diet. Future work should include piloting the screener across LMICs, and among children and adolescents. Funding Sources IMMANA Postdoctoral Fellowship(SG).

Nutrition, Illness and Body Composition in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: Implications for Nutritional Management and Neurocognitive Outcomes.

Preterm infants have altered body composition compared to term infants, which impacts both neurodevelopment and metabolic health, but whether increased dietary intake during hospitalization, independent of illness, may improve body composition is unknown. This prospective, longitudinal study (n = 103) measured fat-free mass (FFM) and percent body fat (%BF) at discharge and four months corrected age for prematurity (CA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Markers of illness and macronutrient intakes (protein and caloric) were recorded. Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID) were administered at 12 and 24 months of age in a subset of these infants (n = 66 and n = 50 respectively). Body composition z-scores were calculated using recently developed reference curves. Linear regression was used to test the associations between clinical factors and body composition z-scores, as well as z-scores and BSID scores. Increased calories and protein received in the first week after birth and protein intake throughout hospitalization were associated with increased FFM z-scores at discharge, but not with %BF z-scores. After adjustment for both early acute and chronic illness, associations of nutrient intake with FFM z-score remained unchanged. FFM z-scores at discharge were positively associated with scores on the BSID at 12 and 24 months CA. In conclusion, increased energy and protein intakes both early in hospitalization and across its entire duration are associated with higher FFM at discharge, a key marker for organ growth and neurodevelopment in the VLBW neonate. Optimizing caloric intake, irrespective of illness is critical for enhancing body composition, and by extension, neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants.

Associations of nutrient intakes with glaucoma among Japanese Americans.

The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations of nutrient intake on glaucoma in subjects of Japanese descent living in Los Angeles, CA.In this cross-sectional study, 581 Japanese American participants in Los Angeles underwent an interview, fundus photography, comprehensive physical, and blood examinations, along with determining the body mass index status and any confounding factors. CDSketch was used to measure the cup-disc ratio and rim width of each fundus in the retinal photographs. A multivariate logistic regression test with adjustment for confounding factors was used to assess the association between glaucoma and nutrient intake.A total of 61 of 581 participants were diagnosed with glaucoma in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a high intake of iron (odds ratio [OR]: 1.303, P = .004), low intake of vitamin A (OR: 0.365, P = .019), and vegetable fat (OR: 0.957, P = .004) were associated with an increased risk of glaucoma.Current findings showed that high iron intake and low vitamin A and vegetable fat intake appeared to be associated with an increased risk of glaucoma in subjects of Japanese descent living in the Los Angeles populations.

Associations of nutrient intakes with obesity and diabetes mellitus in the longitudinal medical surveys of Japanese Americans.

Aims/IntroductionOur previous survey of two Japanese populations, with different lifestyles but identical genetic dispositions, showed that Japanese Americans had different dietary intakes and higher prevalences of obesity and diabetes mellitus, compared with the native Japanese population. The present study examined whether Westernized dietary habits could affect the development of obesity or diabetes.Materials and methodsThis study included 765 individuals with normal glucose tolerance at baseline medical examinations (1986 or 1989 in Los Angeles and in 1988 or 1992 in Hawaii) who subsequently completed follow‐up medical examinations several years later. The participants were categorized at baseline as “lean” (576 individuals, body mass index of <25 kg/m2) or “obese” (189 individuals, body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2). Nutrient intakes were analyzed for associations with the development of obesity or diabetes using Cox's proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 41 lean participants developed diabetes, which was not associated with any nutrient intakes (mean follow up 10.8 ± 6.6 years). A total of 36 obese participants developed diabetes, which was positively associated with intakes of animal protein, animal fat and saturated fatty acid (mean follow up 10.7 ± 6.3 years). A total of 85 lean participants became obese, which was positively associated with intakes of simple carbohydrates, sugar and fructose, as well as inversely associated with intakes of vegetable protein and complex carbohydrates (mean follow up 10.4 ± 6.5 years).ConclusionsIn the Japanese Americans, different nutrient intakes affected the development of obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, the associations of nutrient intakes with diabetes development varied according to the presence or absence of obesity.

SUN-P184: Association of Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality with Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Korea

SUN-P184: Association of Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality with Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Korea

Association of Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality with Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Korea

The gastrointestinal cancers reported poorer nutrient intakes and lower diet quality than those of the controls in Korea.

Inflammation profile in overweight/obese adolescents in Europe: an analysis in relation to iron status.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between inflammatory parameters (CRP, c-reactive protein; AGP, α1-acid glycoprotein), iron status indicators (SF, serum ferritin; sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor) and body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in European adolescents. Differences in intake for some nutrients (total iron, haem and non-haem iron, vitamin C, calcium, proteins) were assessed according to BMI categories, and the association of nutrient intakes with BMI z-score, FM and FFM was evaluated. A total of 876 adolescents participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence-Cross Sectional Study were included in the study sample. Mean CRP values (standard error; s.e.) were significantly higher in overweight/obese adolescents (1.7±0.3 and 1.4±0.3 mg/l in boys and girls, respectively) than in thin/normal-weight adolescents (1.1±0.2 and 1.0±0.1 mg/l in boys and girls, respectively) (P<0.05). For boys, mean SF values (s.e.) were significantly higher in overweight/obese adolescents (46.9±2.7 μg/l) than in thin/normal-weight adolescents (35.7±1.7 μg/l) (P<0.001), whereas median sTfR values did not differ among BMI categories for both boys and girls. Multilevel regression analyses showed that BMI z-score and FM were significantly related to CRP and AGP (P<0.05). Dietary variables did not differ significantly among BMI categories, except for the intake of vegetable proteins, which, for boys, was higher in thin/normal-weight adolescents than in overweight/obese adolescents (P<0.05). The adiposity of the European adolescents was sufficient to cause chronic inflammation but not sufficient to impair iron status and cause iron deficiency.

Associations of nutrient intake with glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes: differences by insulin regimen.

Type 1 diabetes management has evolved from meal plans towards flexible eating with carbohydrate counting. With this shift, youth with type 1 diabetes may consume excess fat and insufficient fiber, which may impact glycemic control. Few studies consider whether insulin regimen influences associations between dietary intake and hemoglobin A1c. In this cross-sectional study, 252 youth (52% male; age, 13.2 ± 2.8 years; body mass index z-score [z-BMI], 0.7 ± 0.8) with type 1 diabetes completed 3-day food records. Dietary intake was compared with published guidelines. Logistic regression predicted the odds of suboptimal glycemic control (an A1c level of ≥ 8.5%) related to fat and protein intake or fiber intake according to insulin regimen (pump vs. injection) adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, z-BMI, insulin dose, glucose monitoring frequency, and total energy intake (TEI). Youth had a mean TEI of 40.9 ± 15.4 kcal/kg/day and excess fat and insufficient fiber intake compared against published guidelines. Pump-treated youth consuming the highest quartile of fat intake (as percentage TEI) had 3.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-9.7) times the odds of a suboptimal A1c than those in the lowest quartile. No such association was found in injection-treated youth. In the total sample, youth with the lowest quartile of fiber intake had 3.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.4-9.0) times the odds of a suboptimal A1c, but this association did not differ by insulin regimen. There was no association between protein intake and A1c. Higher fat intake in pump-treated youth and lower fiber intake in all youth were associated with an A1c level of ≥ 8.5%. Improving dietary quality may help improve A1c.

Hypoadiponectinemia Is Strongly Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum adiponectin level, dietary intake, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, and to identify factors associated with serum adiponectin level.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using 789 type 2 DM patients (406 men and 383 women) 40–80 years old. Subjects were classified into 3 groups on the basis of serum adiponectin level. General characteristics and anthropometric, hematologic, and dietary data were obtained for each subject.Results: The prevalence of hypoadiponectinemia (<4.0 µg/mL) was 57.4% in men and 32.4% in women. Serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage, and serum concentrations of insulin and triglyceride, and was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level. Even though the direct association of nutrient intake with serum adiponectin concentration was not strong, various contributing factors for hypoadiponectinemia were strongly correlated with micronutrient intake, such as calcium, iron, and niacin. Both sexes in the group with the lowest adiponectin concentration had a higher prevalence of MetS and MetS components than corresponding sexes in the group with the highest adiponectin concentration.Conclusions: Our findings show that hypoadiponectinemia is strongly associated with MetS in type 2 DM patients. Dietary intake may be indirectly associated with adiponectin levels through factors such as BMI, waist circumference, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and blood pressure. Therefore, our results suggest that manipulation of the level of adiponectin may prevent MetS and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 DM patients.

Association of nutrient intake and wheeze or asthma in a Greek pre‐school population

The rise of asthma prevalence in children observed the last years might be related to several dietary factors/components as suggested by several researchers. We aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between certain nutrients intake and asthma occurrence in a population of pre-school children. In the framework of the cross-sectional study 'Growth, Exercise and Nutrition Epidemiological Study In pre-schoolers', data were collected from 1964 children, aged 24-72 months, living in five different counties in Greece. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire was used to assess asthma related outcomes. Dietary intake was assessed with 3 days diet records. The prevalence of ever wheeze, current wheeze and diagnosed asthma was 37.7%, 27.5% and 10.5% respectively. Dietary intake of magnesium had a 0.5% and 0.6% increase in the reported risk of current wheeze and diagnosed asthma respectively. On the contrary a decrease in the prevalence of ever (OR: 0.997, 95% CI: 0.995-1.000) and current wheeze (OR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.993-0.999) was associated with vitamin C intake. Calcium intake slightly decreased the risk of current wheeze (OR: 0.999, 95% CI: 0.998-0.999). An increase of 2% of the risk of reporting ever or current wheeze was associated with mono-unsaturated fatty acid intake. Magnesium intake was the only independent predictor for doctor's diagnosed asthma. We conclude that dietary intake of vitamin C and calcium seem to have a protective effect on the incidence of wheeze in pre-school children, whereas magnesium and mono-unsaturated fatty acid may have a harmful role.

Association of Nutrient Intake and Pregnancy Outcome with Gestational Weight Gain

Gestational age and infant birth weight are influenced by gestational weight gain. This study was aimed to examine the effects of gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes. Pregnant women were recruited at two hospitals in Seoul area. Characteristics and dietary intakes of pregnant women were ob...

Nutrient intakes and cognitive function in older adults: a longitudinal study of the Aberdeen 1936 Birth Cohort

Cognitive function declines noticeably from the age of about 50 years. Here, we investigate relationships between nutrient intakes at the age of about 68 years with (i) cognitive function at the age of 68 years and (ii) cognitive changes from the age of 64 years to 68 years. We recruited a cohort of volunteers all born in 1936 who were living independently in Aberdeen and whose childhood IQ had been assessed at age 11 years as part of the Scottish Mental Survey 1947. Participants (n 480) were recruited in 1999–2001. At about ages 64, 66 and 68 years, six cognitive tests (of non-verbal reasoning, verbal memory, information processing speed, verbal ability, construction ability and executive function) were administered (1) . Global cognitive function was estimated using principal component analysis of the scores of the five cognitive tests. At age 68 years, 298 participants self-completed a validated 175-item FFQ (2) of whom 269 completed the FFQ in acceptable quality. Intakes of ten nutrients (from food and supplements) were derived from the FFQ. Associations between each energy-adjusted nutrient intake with each aspect of cognitive function were modelled using general linear regression. Nutrient intakes with and without dietary supplements were studied separately. Association of nutrient intakes (from food and food supplements) and cognitive function at the age of 68 years: standardised regression coefficients from general linear model.