Association For Research In Ophthalmology Research Articles

Reflections on “Hot” Blind Spots: Lessons from Research on Aging Macula Disorder and Glaucoma

The Association for Research in Ophthalmology (ARO) was founded in 1928 by Conrad Berens, (Fig. 1) a New York ophthalmologist, to strengthen the scientific basis of ophthalmology. Initially, only clinicians with some scientific expertise attended the half-day meetings that were paired with the American Academy conventions. The fledgling ARO became more viable in the years after World War II which, despite its terrible consequences, spurred the development of visual sciences. In 1970, ARO changed to the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO), and thus ARVO seems to be, with 83 years, in the same age range in which the disorders that I am going to discuss have their highest incidence. What would Conrad Berens think of this ARVO meeting? Would he be impressed by its 13 scientific sections and its nearly 7000 abstracts or puzzled by the overlap in posters on certain topics as observed from these abstracts? He might be pleased by the fact that 44% of the 6000 ARVO members are non-MDs or be disappointed because only 2.3% of all ophthalmologists world-wide are members of ARVO. Would he get the impression that for some, vision research seems a goal in itself, instead of a search for better cures for eye disorders? Would he consider the recent separation of the Visual Section from ARVO’s main meeting a bright idea or the sequelae of blind spots in its board members? In this lecture, I will describe my transformation, perhaps somewhat similar to that of Berens’, from pure clinician to clinical researcher in ophthalmology, a field that has undergone a striking metamorphosis over the past 40 years. I will deal more at length with aging macula disorder (AMD) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG). I will analyze what might bewilder Berens about our ophthalmology advancements and will conclude my reflections by mentioning some human interactions and scientific factors that may influence progress in vision research.

Symposium on Ocular Therapy

The Drug Symposium at the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, inaugurated in 1965 in conjunction with the Association for Research in Ophthalmology, has become a popular all-day fixture of the academy meeting every year. The original chairman has continued his able presiding and editing of the published papers. The present fifth volume reports the 1971 symposium. The topics are too numerous and too varied to be discussed individually. Four papers deal with antibiotics, their effectiveness in bacterial diseases of the eye, their routes of administration, and problems connected with their use. Many questions are raised but firm answers fall back on isolation of the organism, sensitivity testing, and specific antibiotic therapy. A consensus for the subconjunctival (subcapsular, sub-Tenon's, episcleral) route is emerging for treatment of deep infections, such as corneal ulcers and suspected endophthalmitis. Three papers deal with corticosteroids. One deals with the subject in relation to management and

News and Comment

<h3>Items for Publication.</h3> —To comply with the publication schedule of theArchives of Ophthalmology, items submitted for this department must be received by the "News and Comment" Editor two months prior to the requested date of publication. CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS <h3>COURSES AND MEETINGS</h3><h3>American College of Surgeons.</h3> —The Annual Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons will be held at the Fairmont Hotel, San Francisco, Calif, Oct 10-14, 1966. Director: John P. North, MD, 55 Erie St, Chicago 60611. <h3>Association for Research in Ophthalmology.</h3> —The meeting of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology will be held in Chicago, Oct 13-15, 1966. Secretary-treasurer: Herbert E. Kaufman, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla 32601. Following is a schedule of future meetings of the midwestern Section of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology. <h3>American Society of Ocularists to Hold Annual Meeting.</h3> —The annual meeting

News and Comment

<h3>Items for Publication.</h3> —To comply with the publication schedule of theArchives of Ophthalmology, items submitted for this department must be received by the "News and Comment" Editor three months prior to the requested date of publication. <h3>CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS</h3> <h3>COURSES AND MEETINGS</h3><h3>Association for Research in Ophthalmology Western Section Meeting.</h3> —The 1966 meeting of the Western Section of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology will be held at the Bayshore Inn, Vancouver, BC, Sept 15-17, 1966. In conjunction with this meeting there will be a symposium on "Recent Advances in Ocular Therapeutics and Toxicology." Chairman for this symposium is Dr. Stephen Drance. Chairman of the Vancouver, BC meeting is Dr. A.J. Elliot. Information regarding accommodations at the Bayshore Inn and reservation forms will be mailed to all members prior to the meeting, along with additional details of the symposium. <h3>Wayne State University to Conduct Postgraduate Course in Ophthalmology.</h3>

News and Comment

<h3>Items for Publication.</h3> —To comply with the publication schedule of theArchives of Ophthalmology, items submitted for this department must be received by the "News and Comment" Editor two months prior to the requested date of publication. <h3>CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS</h3> <h3>COURSES AND MEETINGS</h3><h3>Association for Research in Ophthalmology Western Section Meeting.</h3> —The 1966 meeting of the Western Section of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology will be held at the Bayshore Inn, Vancouver, BC, Sept 15-17, 1966. In conjunction with this meeting there will be a symposium on "Recent Advances in Ocular Therapeutics and Toxicology." Chairman for this symposium is Dr. Stephen Drance. Chairman of the Vancouver, BC meeting is Dr. A. J. Elliot. Information regarding accommodations at the Bayshore Inn and reservation forms will be mailed to all members prior to the meeting, along with additional details of the symposium. <h3>Wayne State University to Conduct Postgraduate Course in</h3>

News and Comment

<h3>Items for Publication.</h3> —To comply with the publication schedule of theARCHIVES of Ophthalmology, items submitted for this department must be received by the "News and Comment" Editor three months prior to the requested date of publication. <h3>CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS</h3> <h3>COURSES AND MEETINGS</h3><h3>Association for Research in Ophthalmology, Inc.</h3> —The Annual Meeting of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology will be held in Chicago June 27-29, 1966. For further details concerning this meeting please contact Dr. Herbert E. Kaufman, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Fla. <h3>American Medical Association, Section on Ophthalmology.</h3> —The Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Section on Ophthalmology will be held in Chicago, June 27-29, 1966. For further information concerning this meeting please contact Dr. Bradley R. Straatsma, Secretary, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif 90024. Information concerning the presentation of scientific exhibits at this meeting may be obtained

Hyposecretion Hypotony : Experimental hypotony through detachment of the uvea

Hyposecretion Hypotony : Experimental hypotony through detachment of the uvea

Day-To-Day Variations in the Erg of Humans and Rabbits

Day-To-Day Variations in the Erg of Humans and Rabbits

News and Comment

<h3>CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS</h3> 1963 March 22-23 Southeastern Section Meeting of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology, Richmond, Va. 28-30 Georgia Society of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, General Oglethorpe Hotel, Wilmington Island, Savannah, Ga. April 1- 6 Gill Memorial Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, Thirty-Sixth Annual Spring Congress. no date Second Congress of the Asia Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology, Melbourne, Australia. 4- 6 Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom, London, England (H. F. Hobbs, Honorary Secretary). 5- 6 Midwestern Section Association for Research in Ophthalmology, Minneapolis. 17-20 West Virginia Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Greenbrier Hotel, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. 22-24 Annual Ophthalmology Conference, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann. Arbor, Mich. 25-27 Joint Meeting of the Irish Ophthalmological Society and British Diabetic Association, Dublin. 29-30 Fourth Annual Meeting of the New York Hospital—Cornell Medical Center Eye Alumni Association. 29- Annual Spring Meeting of the Alumni Association of the New

On the Presentation of the Proctor Medal: Of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology to Sir Stewart Duke-Elder, G.C.V.O., F.R.S., Etc., Miami, Florida, June 15, 1960

On the Presentation of the Proctor Medal: Of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology to Sir Stewart Duke-Elder, G.C.V.O., F.R.S., Etc., Miami, Florida, June 15, 1960

THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR RESEARCH IN OPHTHALMOLOGY AND BLINDNESS

Organization of the National Committee for Research in Ophthalmology and Blindness was prompted by the four national ophthalmic organizations—the Section on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association, the American Ophthalmological Society, the Association for Research in Ophthalmology, and the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. The establishment of such a committee seemed desirable because of the increased funds available for research, the greater number of physicians and scientists devoting full time to research in this field, and the interest of certain lay organizations in transferring their major efforts to blinding disease. In addition, it was recognized that there was a dearth of qualified ophthalmic scientists, both in the clinical and in the fundamental fields, and that public interest in blinding disease did not parallel the extreme needs in the area. It was further recognized that much research was required in the field of sensory devices and educational methods to benefit

History of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology

History of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology

Retinal Vascularization in Health and Disease: Proctor Award Lecture of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology

It was my intention to speak today on the whole problem of new vessel formation in the eye, but owing to several new observations made in my department just before I left, which I would like to report to you, it will be necessary to confine my remarks to vessel growth in the retina.

News and Notes

<h3>PERSONAL NEWS</h3><h3>Leslie Dana Medal Awarded.</h3> —The St. Louis Society for the Blind has announced the award of the Leslie Dana Medal for the Prevention of Blindness to Dr. E. V. L. Brown, Chicago. A dinner honoring Dr. Brown was given on Friday, Dec. 7, in St. Louis by the St. Louis Society for the Blind, in cooperation with the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness and the Association for Research in Ophthalmology. <h3>SOCIETY NEWS</h3><h3>Indianapolis Ophthalmological and Oto-Laryngological Society.</h3> —The officers of the Indianapolis Ophthalmological and Oto-Laryngological Society for 1951-1952 are as follows: Marlow W. Manion, M.D., president; Robert M. Dearmin, M.D., vice-president; Lewis E. Morrison, M.D., Secretary-Treasurer. <h3>GENERAL NEWS</h3><h3>Combat Blindness.</h3> —The National Council to Combat Blindness, in accordance with its program of supporting ophthalmologic research, is now welcoming applications for its third annual grant-in-aid awards, to be made in June, 1952. This

ASSOCIATION for Research in Ophthalmology, Inc., and American Medical Association, Section on Ophthalmology, combined meeting, June 13-15, 1951.

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THE ATLANTIC CITY MEETINGS

THE RECENT Atlantic City meetings were noteworthy in at least one important respect. The Association for Research in Ophthalmology and the Section on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association coordinated their programs so as to meet in the same hall in successive sessions. The first day and a half was devoted to the former and then an equal time to the latter, thus marking a happy and proper union of laboratory and clinical sciences. The Research Association program was started off with a report on the effect of contact glasses on flow of fluid in the aqueous veins, by K. W. Ascher (Cincinnati). Increase in blood, stagnation of the fluid, and reversal of movement were noted in the vessels, and it was suggested that these contributed to the undesirable side-effects of wearing contact glasses. Then followed an interesting and somewhat surprising report by Gordon S. Christiansen and P. J. Leinfelder

THE CONTACT LENS PROBLEM

The American Committee on Optics and Visual Physiology 1 has been interested in the contact lens problem for some time and authorized the investigation which is the basis for this report. This committee is composed of ophthalmologists from the Section on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association, the American Ophthalmological Society, the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, and the Association for Research in Ophthalmology. Contact lenses were first suggested by Sir John F. W. Herschel, a British astronomer, in 1827. However, it was not until the latter part of the nineteenth century that wearable lenses were made chiefly by the Zeiss Optical Company in Jena, Germany. These lenses were used primarily for pathologic conditions which could not be corrected by spectacles. During the last few years considerable progress in the manufacturing and fitting of contact lenses has taken place in the United States. Not only are contact lenses now

The Formation of the Intraocular Fluid : Proctor Award Lecture of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology

The Formation of the Intraocular Fluid : Proctor Award Lecture of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology

FURTHER GONIOSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE CANAL OF SCHLEMM

IT IS hoped that the work presented here will be found worthy of this occasion because of its relation to Dr. Mark J. Schoenberg's studies in the field of artificial induction of ocular hypertension in man. For a number of years my associates 1 and I have been engaged in in vivo studies of the canal of Schlemm in normal and in diseased human eyes. A preliminary report was presented before the Association for Research in Ophthalmology in 1942. 2 The work has been continued and extended and has provided some functional correlates of the largely morphologic knowledge of the canal and its connections. The phenomenon which has been the starting point, as well as the nucleus, of this work is the appearance of blood in the canal of Schlemm in the normal human eye. It will be the plan of this presentation (1) to describe the principal phenomenon, (2)

News and Notes

<h3>GENERAL NEWS</h3><h3>American Orthoptic Council: Examinations for Technicians.</h3> —The next examination by the American Orthoptic Council will he held in September and October 1946. The written examinations will be held at various cities in the country on Friday, September 6. Only those passing the written examinations will be permitted to take the oral and practical tests, to be given in Chicago, Saturday, October 12. Applications on official forms must be received before July 1, 1946. Address the American Orthoptic Council, 23 East Seventy-ninth Street, New York 21. <h3>SOCIETY NEWS</h3><h3>Association for Research in Ophthalmology</h3> —The fifteenth scientific meeting of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology will be held in the Mark Hopkins Hotel, San Francisco, Tuesday, July 2, 1946.