Assistance Of Others Research Articles

Caring for Carers: Association between Care-giving and Quality of Life of Family Carers of Spinal Cord Injury Survivors in Pakistan

Caring for someone with a spinal cord injury (SCI) has always been a family endeavor in developed as well as developing countries like Pakistan. Majority of people with SCI need assistance of others to carry out daily life activities i.e., eating, self-care, transportation and this functional dependence of patients on their attendant affect Quality of Life (QOL) of caregivers. Present study was designed to find the relationship between caregiver burden, psychosocial factors and QOL among caregivers. Caregiver Burden Inventory-SCI and WHOQOL was used to measure study variables. Cross-sectional research design having purposive sampling technique was used to gather data from spinal units of various hospitals of Pakistan. Sample size includes N= 255 family caregivers of SCI patients. Correlation analyses were applied to find the relationship between psychosocial factors, caregiver burden and QOL. Results showed that caregiver burden was significantly negatively correlated with quality of life and positively correlated with care-giving hours, duration of injury, and number of helpers involved in care-giving process. Furthermore, female caregivers showed high level caregiver burden and low levels of quality of life as compared to male counterparts. Similarly, married persons scored higher on caregiver burden and whose patients had paraplegic nature of injury. In Pakistan, there are no respite care programs for carers, The abovementioned findings are helpful in planning psychotherapeutic interventions and tailored caregiver training programs to lessen the impact of caregiver burden on caregivers and to boost their quality of life.

In-service Novice EFL Teachers’ Perception on Self-Initiated Professional Development: A Narrative Inquiry

Top-down teacher professional development in Indonesia prevents teachers from choosing and determining programs or activities that suit their interests, goals, and needs; however, some activities can assist teachers in developing it, known as self-initiated professional development (SiPD). SiPD demonstrates that people who take the initiative learn more and better than those who are passively taught with or without the assistance of others. This research investigated novice EFL teachers’ perceptions and the types of SiPD they engaged in. This study employed a narrative inquiry approach using semi-structured interviews as data collection. The study involved three EFL teachers selected through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the collected data. The findings of this study are that novice EFL teachers regard and comprehend self-initiated professional development positively as responsible professionals seeking to acquire new skills, knowledge, and pedagogy to better prepare for their profession’s obstacles and improve their student’s performance and achievement. They became proactive learners, taking control of their education and taking the initiative to develop their teaching abilities. Furthermore, self-initiated professional development ensured that EFL teachers were current on the newest teaching trends, techniques, and resources.

Hubungan Fungsi Kognitif dengan Tingkat Kemandirian Usia Lansia di Wilayah Puskesmas Mungka

The increasing number of elderly people reflects a rise in the average life expectancy, which can potentially lead to health issues. Among these is a decline in cognitive function, which may result in difficulties carrying out daily activities. If elderly individuals are unable to maintain independence, it can cause them to feel powerless, ill, and dependent on the assistance of others. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between cognitive function and the level of independence of the elderly in performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in the working area of the Mungka Public Health Center (Puskesmas). This study employs an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was obtained through consecutive sampling, with a total of 51 elderly individuals residing in the working area of the Mungka Public Health Center. The research instruments used were the MoCA-Ina to measure cognitive function and the Katz Index to assess the level of independence in the elderly. The data analysis employed bivariate analysis using the chi-square statistical test. The study results showed that 20 elderly individuals (39.2%) experienced a decline in cognitive function, and 18 elderly individuals (35.3%) had moderate dependency. The statistical test results indicated a significant relationship between cognitive function and the level of independence in the elderly, with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between cognitive function and the level of independence of the elderly in performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in the working area of the Mungka Public Health Center.

Skills Required to Succeed in Public Accounting: Perceptions of Black and White Accountants

SYNOPSIS We explore an understudied impact of race in public accounting careers: differences in perceptions of the skills necessary to succeed. Based on data collected from surveys of approximately 1,400 public accountants, we find that although the skills perceived as necessary to succeed are the same for all accountants (i.e., technical and interpersonal, practice development, social interactions, and academic achievement), practice development and social interactions are perceived as significantly more important to Black accountants. These perceptions are likely impacted by the underrepresentation of Black accountants in their firms and at their clients, which may result in fewer opportunities to acquire or improve these skills. Technical skills can be learned without the direct assistance of others, but learning practice development skills and social interactions require the support of others. Recommendations collected from the study’s participants to help advance the practice development and social interaction skills of Black accountants are included.

The Resilience of Working Mothers with Cerebral Palsy Children

The limited owned by children with cerebral palsy make them unable to meet their needs and require assistance of others. The cerebral palsy is very dependent on parents especially mother to meet the daily needs and therefore it will affect the mother’s level of stress. The purpose of this study was to identify the resilience of working mother with cerebral palsy children. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive research design. The sampling technique used in this research was total sampling with the inclusion criteria being working mothers who had children with mild to moderate cerebral palsy. The exclusion criteria were working mothers who were sick and working mothers who cancelled the study. The sample used was 50 working mothers with cerebral palsy children. The research results showed that most of the respondents had a moderate level of resilience was 60% (n=30). Further study on the correlation between those factors and working mother’s resilience are highly recommended. It is suggested that school establish some programs to shape working mother’s high resilience.

Management of Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Challenges and Opportunities.

The population of older adults (≥65 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is diverse, encompassing individuals with varying functional capabilities, living arrangements, concomitant medical conditions, and life expectancies. Hence, their categorization into different patient profiles (ie, good health, intermediate health, poor health) may aid in clinical decision-making when establishing glycemic goals and pharmacological treatment strategies. Further granularity in assessing each patient profile through interdisciplinary collaboration may also add precision to therapeutic and monitoring decisions. In this review, we discuss with a multidisciplinary approach how to deliver the best benefit from advanced diabetes therapies and technologies to older adults with T2DM according to each patient profile. There remain however several areas that deserve further research in older adults with T2DM, including the efficacy and safety of continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery systems, the switch to once-weekly insulin, the effectiveness of multidisciplinary care models, and the use of supported telemedicine and remote blood glucose monitoring in the oldest-old (≥85 years) who particularly require the assistance of others.

STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES OF UTILIZING HELLO ENGLISH APPLICATION FOR ENGLISH VOCABULARY LEARNING: A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY

Nowadays the use of technology media is inevitable in EFL classrooms. However, the study pertaining to the use of the Hello application that focuses on learning vocabulary is still relatively limited. Therefore, this study aims to explore students' perspectives on using the Hello English application for English vocabulary learning. This research used a qualitative case study. The data were collected through interviews, observation, and document reviews from the 9th-grade students at a state junior high school in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. The data were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The result revealed two main themes: the benefits and concerns associated with using the Hello English application for vocabulary learning. The students perceived benefits of the application including improving their understanding, pronunciation, and expansion of English vocabulary, along with enjoyable learning experiences. However, students encountered challenges, such as technical difficulties and struggles with advanced games. In addition, the students overcame these issues with the assistance of others. The study might have implications on the understanding of the enactment in using the technological application for EFL vocabulary learning.

No need for society: Adam Smith’s critique of Pufendorf’s summa imbecillitas

Adam Smith saw in Pufendorf the idea of a sociability prior to government, arising from a perception of the advantages of cooperation in overcoming the alleged natural inability of human beings to provide for their needs. The idea of a principle of sociability independent of government was crucial to Smith, who also addressed since the beginning of the Wealth of Nations the advantages of cooperation. However, as this article intends to show, for him sociability did not arise from the need for the assistance of others, as it is often said, but from the desire for deserved esteem.

There Is a Lot More to Transplantation Surgery Than the Surgery Itself: The "Other" Sir Peter John Morris, AC, FRS.

There Is a Lot More to Transplantation Surgery Than the Surgery Itself: The "Other" Sir Peter John Morris, AC, FRS.

Resources Used by People with Hearing Disabilities to Cope with Emergency Situations

Introduction:People with hearing disabilities (PwHDs) face many challenges in their everyday lives, as their environments were not designed to accommodate their needs. They may have a communication disability as well as a hearing disability. To cope, PwHDs rely on the assistance of others, their communities, technology, and personal resources. In emergency situations challenges become greater and resources scarcer.Method:This study was conducted from November 2018 through July 2020. A mixed-methods approach consisting of in-depth interviews and online quantitative surveys with PwHDs in Israel was used. The qualitative part enquired about the resources they used to cope during emergencies and the obstacles they faced. Grounded theory was used for the analysis of the findings. The quantitative part focused on their perceptions of self-efficacy, methods of communication, and accessibility of services in emergency situations. The participants were deaf or hard of hearing individuals, and those who used hearing aids and/or had a cochlear implant, as well as individuals who chose not to use them. The study excluded people over 60, because we focused on those who didn’t suffer from hearing loss caused by age. The survey was accessible in Israeli sign language using Qualtrics survey platform. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS ver.23.Results:PwHDs’ resources for coping with emergencies were identified and classified under four categories.1. Characteristics of the PwHD: type, methods of communication (sign language, read lips, speech) and accessibility of services.2. Personal resources: Independent communication and self-efficacy.3. Time of event: Daytime or nighttime.4. Characteristics of the emergency: Personal vs. collective.Conclusion:The study identified the resources PwHDs used to cope with emergencies. Results can help develop standards of accessibility for places providing services during both day and night that will allow PwHDs to communicate independently.

Medicine Pillbox Reminder Using IoT Sensors

In recent times IoT (Internet of Things) plays a major role in the daily routine of human life. Majorly this technology is showing its impact on medical applications. As per a report, Health issues become very common for people above the age of 40 and it becomes severe for the elderly population. Sometimes old age people forget to take medicine and also get confused about when to use what type of medicine, which makes them rely on the assistance of others. With the help of IoT, a smart device with RFID (Radio-frequency Identifier), Arduino UNO and NodeMCU is proposed. This not only helps in suggesting the kind of medicine to be taken but also the information is sent to the nearby hospital in case of emergencies. The proposed model achieves an accuracy of 92%, which is very much essential in present days.

Neurocybernetic Assistive Technologies to Enhance Robotic Wheelchair Navigation

Millions of individuals worldwide face mobility impairments and rely on wheelchairs for assistance. Yet a significant portion of individuals with severe motor disabilities or insufficient familiarity with conventional interfaces cannot consider powered wheelchairs as a viable solution. Neurocybernetics present a promising solution to this challenge. Neurocybernetics involves exploring how the nervous system interacts with systems, like computers and robots. Through the use of interfaces users can control wheelchairs using neural signals from their brains making navigation more intuitive and effective. Assistive technologies, especially robotic wheelchairs powered by sensors and control systems, are essential for those disabled people, with mobility issues, to live more independently and better lives in their daily life even without the assistance of others. The primary objective of this study is to improve the quality of life for individuals with disabilities who depend on such assistance for their mobility requirements. This article examines some of the cutting-edge neurocybernetic devices that assist people with disabilities, such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), algorithms to understand brain signals, and adaptive control methods for wheelchairs. This study proposes a robotic wheelchair which utilizes the human brain signal and undergoes machine learning based classification model with neuromorphic adaptive control. It discusses the key considerations, difficulties, and potential uses of neurocybernetic robotic wheelchairs in real life situations. Additionally, it addresses the ethical, legal, and societal implications of using these technologies and suggests future research areas to advance their creation and use.

HARMONY BETWEEN JAVANESE, SUNDANESE, AND BATAK ETHNICS IN BABUSSALAM VILLAGE, MARBAU SUB-DISTRICT, NORTH LABUHAN BATU RRGENCY

This study aims to determine what causes the peace in Babussalam Village, how the three ethnic groups Javanese, Sundanese, and Batak maintain peace in society, and how social interaction between the Javanese, Sundanese, and Batak ethnic groups occurs in Babussalam Village. This study employs a qualitative, descriptive research design. This study used observation, interviews, and documentation as its methods. The findings of this research are: the background of harmony in Babussalam Village is influenced by a number of elements, including those in the social and economic, educational, and religious spheres. Respect, freedom of expression, cooperation, positive prejudices, and fostering a welcoming environment are all important for preserving harmony in a community where these three ethnic groups coexist. Due to the fact that people are social beings who cannot survive alone and require the assistance of others, the social interaction in Babussalam Village is highly positive.

Multifunctional Blind Stick Using Machine Learning – A Review

An visually handicapped person finds it tough to find the presence of any obstacles in their approach and it's terribly tough to search out the precise location of the stick if it is misplaced. Thus, the multifunctional blind stick comes as a projected answer to assist the visually impaired folks in their day to day living while not the assistance of others. This paper conducts a survey on few of the vital and up to date developments in blind sticks keep on with the utilization of various microcontrollers, sensors, and technologies. Keywords—ultrasonic sensor, radio frequency transmitter and receiver, obstacle detection, controller, GSM and GPS.

Multidisciplinary development of Smart Jacket for elder care

Limitations in physical and cognitive functioning are common among elderly people. Due to these limitations, activities of daily living, such as dressing, can be difficult, even with the help of another person. The limitations may also challenge using the assistive tools meant to support the independent living of elderly people. One significant assistive tool is a nurse call -button whose aim is to support the elder’s independent living and ensure the assistance of others when needed. In severe cases, using of such assistive tools is entirely prevented because of the user’s limited abilities. The purpose of this study was to create a solution for the above-mentioned challenges with smart clothing. The objectives of this study were to design a Smart Jacket that 1) is easy to put on and 2) includes an easy-to-use nurse call button. The product development utilized design thinking through four different Smart Jacket versions, three of which were evaluated in multidisciplinary design workshops. The newly designed and created upper-body garment with assistive zippers in the sleeves can be put on when assistance is available without any movement of the user’s upper limbs. Further, the developed passive RFID (radiofrequency identification)-based jacket with integrated nurse call -button is functional without an on-jacket energy -source and is thus maintenance free. The nurse call -button is functional more than four meters from an RFID reader antenna. Based on the initial expert evaluations, the developed Smart Jacket could operate as part of a bigger safety system, for example in an elderly care unit or domestic care, bringing a needed new alternative as merged nurse call -button and assistive cloth.

A deep learning based convolutional neural network model with VGG16 feature extractor for the detection of Alzheimer Disease using MRI scans

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent types of dementia, which primarily affects people over age 60. In clinical practice, it is a challenging task to identify AD in its early stages, and there are currently very few reliable diagnostic systems available for the identification. Additionally, clinical studies for AD medications have a high risk of failure, and currently, there is no confirmed cure. There are various stages of AD: very mild demented, mild, and moderate. It is challenging to identify these stages, due to which the very mild demented case worsens and results in a complete health loss along with weak memory and makes it unable to perform daily tasks without the assistance of others. Early identification of mild cases can help patients to guide additional medical care to stop the disease's progression and avoid brain damage. Recently, there has been a substantial amount of interest in applying deep learning (DL) for early AD recognition. The limitations of these algorithms are that they cannot detect changes in the brain networks in patients with mild demented functional working brain networks. However, to stop AD growth, various scientists and researchers are striving to build methods for early identification by using MRI images. In this article, for early diagnoses of AD, two MRI datasets containing 6400 and 6330 images have been used, and the DL algorithm is utilized by applying a neural network classifier with a VGG16 feature extractor for the early diagnosis of AD, which results in the outcome in the form of accuracy, precision, recall, AUC and F1-score as (90.4%, 0.905, 0.904, 0.969, and 0.904), and (71.1%, 0.71, 0.711, 0.85, and 0.71) for dataset 1 and dataset 2, respectively. Furthermore, the results are compared with previous studies, which concluded the proposed model performs better. Lastly, this article is applicable to identify various machine learning (ML) and DL approaches that can be utilized to study AD stage identification.

Innovation of Digital Piano Collective Class Teaching Mode under the Theory of Constructivism

Constructivist learning theory and instructional design theory serve as the foundation for the design of the teaching process. According to constructivists, learning occurs when students are in a particular situation, such as a social or cultural setting, with the assistance of others, using the appropriate learning resources, and creating their own meaning. A scientific theoretical foundation and a philosophical methodology are provided for the classroom instruction of fundamental music by modern constructivism theory, which adapts to the advancement of the times and the demands of the new educational environment. This paper, guided by constructivism theory, conducts extensive research on constructivism theory from two perspectives, theory and practice, proposes a general teaching mode for music under the auspices of constructivism theory, and attempts to apply it to music education. Through the comparison experiment, it was determined that the experimental class’s final grade was 69.87 and its piano level index was 0.0824, while the control class’s grade was 64.69 and its piano level index was 0.0741. In terms of piano proficiency and test results, the experimental class outperforms the control class. Contrary to the traditional teaching approach, constructivist music education has been shown to be more effective at raising the musical proficiency of regular students, as well as improving students’ motivation for learning music, their methods of instruction, their initiative, and the environment in which they learn.

IVA for Visually Impaired People Using Raspberry PI

Abstract: Disability is a condition in which a person must rely on others for their basic needs. One of a person's limitations is a visual impairment. To date, a number of ways for improving the lives of visually impaired and blind persons have been proposed. Purchasing groceries in the store without the assistance of others remains a difficult task for them. We offer a camera-based assistive text reading system that can help blind persons read text labels and product packaging on common objects. We rest present an ancient and active motion-based way to define a region of interest (ROI) in the video by requesting the user to shake the object to isolate it from cluttered backdrops or other surrounding objects in the camera view. Audio guidance based on realtime situations will aid them inside the supermarket. The ultimate goal of this system is to eliminate all other forms of assistance for visually impaired shoppers and to give them with a convenient and sophisticated environment. When this method is implemented, it makes shopping easier for blind people, saves time for customers, and increases business sales. We look at user interface difficulties and evaluate the algorithm's ability to extract and read text from objects with complex backgrounds. In this Shopping trolley technology to identify the product placed due to machine learning and accuracy location

Blended Learning with Flipped Classroom Strategy : The Effect to the Independence and Learning Outcomes

<p>In terms of goal planning, procedures, and evaluation of learning results, learning independence refers to an individual's willingness to study on his own initiative, with or without the assistance of others. The flipped classroom is one learning style that can be utilized to improve student independence. This study aims to determine (1) whether there are differences in independence in the application of the Blended Learning strategy Flipped Classroom with the conventional learning model; (2) Are there differences in student learning outcomes in the application of the Blended Learning strategy Flipped Classroom with the conventional learning model (3) Is there an increase in independence in the application of the Blended Learning strategy Flipped Classroom with the conventional learning model; (4) Is there an increase in student learning outcomes in the application of the Blended Learning strategy Flipped Classroom with the conventional learning model. The pretest-posttest control group design model was applied in this study, which used the quasi experimental design method. The participants in this study are students from SMK Negeri 1 Gondang's classes X Multimedia 1 and X Multimedia 2. A total of 70 pupils were used in the study. Total sampling was employed as the sampling method. Pretests, posttests, and questionnaires are used to collect data. Balance tests, normality testing, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests are among the data analysis procedures employed. The findings revealed that the Blended Learning learning model combined with the flipped classroom method had an impact on student independence and learning outcomes.</p>

Energy Management System Based on Automatic Intelligent Controller for Grid Connected Commercial LOADS

This paper grants the strategy and model of the automation system developed for managing electrical power demand in the home. All types of commercial loads are controlled by smartphones via Bluetooth technology. It can be controlled overall power that can be turned ON/OFF or can also control individual loads that are connected with relay and Arduino by simply pressing a button on mobile phone. This paper uses the HC-05 Bluetooth module to receive and transmit data from mobile phones and to home appliances. It improves better communication and responses between mobile phones and the home appliances. The purpose of the research is also to manage household appliances in order to reduce the risk of electric shock and for the convenience of elderly and physically disabled individuals who can easily access and control home appliances while staying in one location and without the assistance of others. Our home automation system works smartly by improving the quality of life and giving comfort to consumers thereby reducing the energy demand.