Performance Assessment Research Articles

Pole placement tuning of proportional integral derivative feedback controller for knee extension model

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has shown potential in rehabilitative exercises for patients recovering from spinal cord injuries. In recent developments, conventional open-loop FES control techniques have evolved into closed-loop systems that employ feedback controllers for automation. However, closed-loop FES systems often face challenges due to muscle non-linear effects, such as fatigue, time delays, stiffness, and spasticity. Therefore, an accurate non-linear knee model is required during the design stage, and precise tuning of the feedback controller parameters is vital. A proportional– integral–derivative (PID) controller is commonly used as a feedback controller due to its simplicity and ease of implementation. However, most PID tuning methods are complex and time consuming. This paper investigates the viability of employing the pole placement technique for tuning a PID controller that regulates the non-linear knee extension model. The pole placement method aims to improve the control and adaptability of the PID controller in closed-loop FES systems, specifically by facilitating knee extension exercises. MATLAB Simulink was used to assess the effectiveness of this tuning approach. Results showed that the PID controller performed satisfactorily without non-linearities, but performance varied with the inclusion of specific non-linearities. The pole placement tuning method facilitated preliminary assessments of PID controller performance, preceding highly advanced optimization.

Long-term performance analysis of operational efficiency of a grid-connected solar power plant under Mauritania climate

This work examines a solar power plant connected to the Nouakchott electricity grid in Mauritania. Operating since 2013, the 15 MWp plant's reliability and energy yield have been evaluated using a performance index. The assessment involves three phases. First, the plant's meteorological environment and technical indicators are presented. In the second phase, mathematical performance models specified by the International Energy Agency (IEA) are applied to calculate performance indices using data from the data acquisition system (SCADA). The third phase compares actual production data for 2015, 2017, and 2020 with results simulated for PVsyst for the same years. The obtained results are thoroughly analyzed to highlight relevant physical phenomena. The analysis focuses on the plant's 7-year operating period and its impact on performance indicators for electricity production fed into the grid. This study provides insights into the solar power plant's reliability and energy yield, aiding future operational enhancements. It underscores the importance of performance monitoring and assessment in optimizing solar power generation systems.

Energy and environmental assessment of a novel multigeneration plant powered by infectious medical waste

This study highlights the energy and environmental impacts of a multigeneration system for infectious medical waste -to-energy (IMWtE). Thermal performance and life cycle assessment (LCA) are investigated via the energy conservation, ReCiPe method, SimaPro database, and situation of environmental issues in Thailand and worldwide. A lifespan of 20y is considered in this study. The energy results show that the multigeneration system can produce a net power of 15.80 kWe from an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), 4.62kW of cooling power from an absorption chiller, and 13.21kW of heating power from a drying room. An overall system efficiency of 13.40% is directly driven from an infectious medical waste (IMW) of 81.98kg/s. According to the LCA results, the construction phase has the highest emissions (81%), followed by the operation phase (6%) and the landfill (1%). The recycling process reduces the environmental impact by 12%. The total lifetime midpoint impact is 3.88E-01 kg emission-eq/kWh. The endpoint includes 4.33E-07 DALY/kWh of human health, 1.50E-06 Species·y/kWh of ecosystem, and 3.81E-03 USD/kWh of resources. The LCA single score is approximately 6.08E+02 Pt/lifespan or 5.63E-04 Pt/kWh.

The impact of administrative boundaries on foreign direct investments in China's Yangtze River Delta region

We investigate the theoretical mechanisms that underpin the influence of administrative boundaries on foreign direct investment (FDI), taking into account the dual impact of administrative boundary effects. Using panel data from Yangtze River Delta counties collected between 2011 and 2019, we empirically investigate administrative boundaries' effect on FDI within these regions. The findings show that from 2011 to 2019, China's Yangtze River Delta had a consistently positive but moderate global Moran's I index, indicating limited spatial interconnectivity among county-level FDIs. Inter-county FDI in the Yangtze River Delta is hampered by provincial administrative boundaries, with cross-provincial FDI disparities greater than those within the same province. Notably, the Zhejiang-Anhui border experienced a temporary shift from a negative to a positive effect coefficient between 2011 and 2015, whereas other interprovincial boundaries consistently had negative coefficients. The FDI boundary barrier effect is attributed to natural barriers, administrative boundaries, and government performance assessments. In contrast, the boundary intermediary effect results from economic activity diffusion, inter-regional industrial relocation, and inter-regional geographical interaction. This study examines the impact of administrative boundaries on regional economic development through the lens of FDI, intending to provide useful insights for promoting balanced regional development in China and other developing countries. Furthermore, it guides international investors on their ventures in China, attempting to enrich their decision-making framework with strategic perspectives on the country's investment environment.

Performance analysis for induction motor fed by reduced switch symmetrical multilevel inverter topology

Due to its capacity to supply more voltage levels than conventional 2-level inverters, multilevel inverters have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Multilevel inverters may produce output waveforms that nearly approximate sinusoidal waveforms because to this characteristic, which also significantly lowers harmonic distortion. In many different power conversion systems, the introduction of reduced switch symmetrical multilevel inverter topologies has drawn significant interest. Numerous benefits, such as higher output voltage quality, reduced harmonic distortions, and increased power conversion efficiency, are provided by these novel topologies. The inclusion of these inverters in the feeding of induction motors is one of their many prominent uses. In this paper, a generalized topology is presented that generates nine levels using nine switching devices. To reduce complexity, switching pulses are generated using a low frequency pulse width modulation technique. MATLAB/Simulink is used to analyze the performance assessment of a unique three-phase symmetric cascaded multilevel inverter-based reduced switch symmetrical inverter fed induction motor drive, brushless DC (BLDC) motor and grid has been verified. According to the findings the total harmonic distortion (THD) is found to be 15% for a three-phase system and as the number of levels increases to 17 level the THD is 7.10%.

The flipped-classroom effect on vocational high school students’ learning outcomes

<span lang="EN-US">The flipped-classroom instructional model is considered suitable for teaching procedural knowledge. Apart from flipped-classroom, it turns out that another instructional model, namely direct instruction, is also designed to teach procedural knowledge. Therefore, this study aimed to examine differences in procedural knowledge learning outcomes between flipped-classroom and direct instruction learning models in the cognitive and psychomotor domains and to determine the effect of flipped-classroom on students’ procedural knowledge learning outcomes. This type of research is a true-experimental design with a randomized pre-test post-test control group design for the cognitive domain and a randomized post-test only control group design for the psychomotor domain. The research instrument used a written test (pre-test and post-test) for the cognitive domain and a performance assessment for the psychomotor domain. The flipped-classroom is better than direct instruction regarding procedural knowledge learning outcomes. Furthermore, flipped-classroom significantly affects the students’ procedural knowledge learning outcomes, both cognitive and psychomotor domains. The effect of flipped-classroom implementation on the psychomotor domain (t(50)=23.62; p<0.01; d=6.56) is greater than the impact of performance on the cognitive domain (t(50)=2.35; p<0.05; d=0.65).</span>

Arrangement of Nondestructive Tests for Technical Inspection Process of Electrofusion Weld in Gas Polyethylene Pipe

Due to the reduction of operational costs, Non-corrosiveness, and ease of implementation, polyethylene pipes are a suitable replacement for steel pipes in gas distribution networks. Considering the irreversible events of gas leakage, effective and feasible non-destructive testing of electrofusion welding is an essential factor to avoid the hazards of gas leakage. To control the quality of welds, the nature of the electrofusion structure leads us to manufacture vacuum boxes, internal pressure devices, and Tapping Saddle Connector for testing polyethylene joint leakages. This article focuses on the sequence of these non-destructive tests to monitor the health of polyethylene electrofusion joint structures under gas network project implementation conditions. To examine the testing chain and the proposed sequence of non-destructive tests, the data gathering process was performed, and with respect to the sensitivity of the electrofusion weld to the operator's skill, welding process, and the condition of the pipe and fittings, in each case the influential factors to find the key parameters were evaluated. The results of laboratory tests in cases of short tests and long-life tests using artificial defects such as slow crack growth with defective samples of on-site joints and defects reported in projects were compared. To validate leak detection, leak location, and leak measurement, weld simulation with finite element and CFD software analysis conforming to real conditions was considered. The test sequence, acceptance criteria, and calibration method of the tools according to EN 1555 standard were argued for performing the final inspection steps. In this perspective, for each leak testing technique, the average type, pressure level, test duration, and finally the acceptance criteria were proposed. The main outcome is the technical specifications for electrofusion weld assessment and baseline risk- based inspection scheme in gas supply projects. In this regard, a database software based on the proposed ITP (Inspection and Testing Plan) has been developed, which is fundamental for monitoring the whole project from the first stage of polyethylene granule control, pipe and fitting manufacture, and gas injection to the final stage in network and commissioning. Operations to determine failure causes and suitability for performance assessment. Another proposed idea is standardizing the recent technical specifications internationally. This idea will be implemented when management realizes that non-destructive testing can lead to cost savings, protection of humans and the environment, and when codes and standards encompass such requirements.

Impact of Future Climate Change on Energy Consumption in Residential Buildings: A case study for representative cities in Japan

This study examines the impact of future climate change on energy consumption in residential buildings in Japan, taking into account both the current and future typical meteorological year (TMY) database. TMY data is widely used in the building sector for energy performance assessments, system sizing, and optimization. To investigate the impact of current and future TMY databases on energy consumption of buildings, the study predicts the cooling and heating loads of residential buildings in four cities of Japan under the current (2020 ver.) and future (2086 ver.) TMY databases. Results show that the use of future TMY database leads to significant changes in air-conditioning heat loads of residential buildings in Japan. It finds that the annual cooling load in residential buildings of four cites of Japan increases by approximately 12% for Tokyo, approximately 9% for Toyohashi, approximately 8% for Osaka, and approximately 7% for Nagoya, respectively, however the annual heating load decreases by approximately 8% for Tokyo, approximately 9% for Toyohashi, approximately 6% for Osaka, and approximately 5% for Nagoya, respectively, compared to the current TMY database. This finding suggests that climate change will have a significant impact on future building energy consumption, and proposes energy-efficient building design as a solution to mitigate the impact of climate change on building energy consumption.

Care Guardian Application for Elder People

The application, named Care Guardian, focuses on enhancing the quality of life for elderly users by incorporating essential features such as a medication reminder system, emergency response capabilities, and streamlined healthcare coordination. Through personalized reminders and seamless emergency alerts, the platform aims to facilitate proactive health management. This application also locate nearby hospitals, document storage and location tracking. Care Guardian provides efficient healthcare navigation tailored to the unique needs of elderly individuals and their caregivers. This research adopts a comprehensive technology stack, blending Android Java for frontend development and Python Django for backend operations, all managed through the Visual Studio IDE. The development methodology integrates Agile practices, ensuring continuous integration and deployment to enhance efficiency, scalability, and maintainability of the application. Emphasizing user-centric design principles, the research targets empowering elderly individuals to independently manage their health needs, offering caregivers a platform specifically designed to fulfill to their requirements. Initial performance assessments of the system demonstrate its effectiveness and reliability in meeting the diverse needs of caregivers and elderly users alike, fostering peace of mind and promoting self-reliance within this demographic. The research’s user-centric approach and advanced technological features position Care Guardian as a high-quality application poised to deliver a superior user experience, ultimately enhancing the overall quality of life for its target users.

Utilizing phased array ultrasound technique to examine seal surface contact status in premium connections

Premium connections are commonly employed in wells subjected to high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) conditions. The key parameter in evaluating the sealing capability of premium connections is the contact condition between the sealing surface. This paper presents a method based on phased array ultrasound testing (PAUT) technique to examine the metal-to-metal contact states of the seal surface in premium conditions, and presents experimental work on contact status of the seal surface in premium tubing connections using PAUT, testing impacts of torque, seal surface defects and thread compounds dosage. The experimental findings demonstrate an inverse relationship between the observed ultrasonic reflection amplitude and the applied torque on the premium. Additionally, there is a robust exponential correlation manifested between the ultrasonic reflection amplitude and the torque exerted on the premium. The ultrasonic reflection amplitude at the defect of the seal surface increases. Under equivalent make-up torque conditions, the ultrasonic reflection amplitude on the sealing surface of premium connections escalates as the dosage of thread compounds diminishes, and the importance of precise control of the amount of thread compound used was confirmed. These data demonstrate that PAUT provides a reliable detection technique for performance assessment on premium connections, both in quality control and field inspection.

Certification of Basic Skills in Endovascular Aortic Repair Through a Modular Simulation Course With Real Time Performance Assessment

Certification of Basic Skills in Endovascular Aortic Repair Through a Modular Simulation Course With Real Time Performance Assessment

Solar PV based seventeen level reduced switch symmetrical multilevel inverter topology fed induction motor

Multilevel inverters have received a lot of interest in recent years due to their ability to deliver more voltage levels than typical two-level inverters. Because of this property, multilevel inverters can produce output waveforms that closely resemble sinusoidal waveforms, lowering harmonic distortion dramatically. The emergence of reduced switch symmetrical multilevel inverter topologies has developed the curiosity of many different power conversion systems. These new topologies offer numerous advantages, including greater output voltage quality, fewer harmonic distortions, and increased power conversion efficiency. The inclusion of these inverters in the feeding of induction motors is one of their many prominent uses. A 17 levels of multi-level inverter (MLI) topology is presented with reduced switch count and harmonic reduction for power quality improvement. The inverter is fed by isolated equal photovoltaic panels which act as direct current or DC source. To reduce complexity, switching pulses are generated using hybrid pulse width modulation technique which is designed as controller. Through the use of MATLAB/Simulink, the performance assessment of a unique cascaded multilevel inverter-based reduced switch symmetrical inverter feeding an induction motor drive has been verified. The harmonic distortion with reduced switches obtained is 7.47% which is comparatively less than when compared with conventional cascaded H-bridge topology.

Student Result Analysis and Management

Abstract: Student result analysis and management (SRAM) gives a straightforward interface to support student data. It might be utilised by instructive universities or colleges to keep up the records of students effectively. Student information system manages all sorts of student details, academic related reports results, batch details, and other resource related details too. An effective result analysis system plays a pivotal role in facilitating efficient management of student data and performance assessment. Institutions staff and administrators need to manage students’ information and academic records. For staff by offering analysis, streamlined administrative tasks and efficient records management. For students, it provides easy access to their academic performance and results metrics. This abstract delineates the design and implementation of a robust result analysis system, encompassing a PHP-based backend. The system caters to the needs of teachers, students, and administrators, offering functionalities tailored to each user category. Ultimately, the deployment of the result analysis system on a web server caters to the needs of educational institutions, facilitating efficient management of student data and fostering a conducive environment for academic assessment and improvement

Training framework for high-stakes OSCE: Experience from volunteer standardized patients' bank.

Training of standardized patients (SPs) for national high-stakes OSCE helps to ensure a reliable assessment of student performance in various clinical scenarios. However, workflow protocols to train SPs vary. Medical schools adopt specific measures to ensure standardization. We present a development workflow of the SPs' training framework for high-stakes OSCE using a volunteer SPs' bank. Our approach was guided by the social learning theory. Three educators and 17/20 (85%) members of our volunteer SPs' bank worked in a collaborative partnership on the construction of pedagogical content of the training framework comprising three 2-hour sessions. Since SPs have to demonstrate acquired behaviors, intended learning outcomes used the words "apply", "perform" and "participate." A principal part of the evaluation was the achievement of intended learning outcomes by the SPs during 3 formative OSCEs. Seventeen SPs, 356 fourth year medical students and 60 examiners participated. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by post-session questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Twelve examiners evaluated a mean of 29.7+/-0.14 SD patient-student encounters. In total, 15/16 SPs (93.8%) considered the contact with students as easy and 4 SPs (31%) reported the experience as stressful. Two themes emerged from the free-text comments: "Gaining experience as SP" and "Concerns for evaluated students." The proposed SPs' training framework for high-stakes OSCE may be useful for other medical disciplines and health professions initiating SP-based assessment programs. The strategy of development and evaluation are outlined to guide a successful application of the curriculum standards.

Design and Performance Assessment of District Heating Systems in Latvian Region

The energy consumed by buildings for air conditioning accounts for a large percentage of global energy consumption. To promote efficiency and sustainability, the scientific community is making great efforts to develop renewable technologies. A well-known but unfortunately underestimated solution is the development of centralized heating and cooling systems that consistently reduce energy consumption.The work proposes a comparison between three heating configurations covering the demand of a settlement in the Latvian region: 1) centralized district heating (DH) system; 2) 5th generation district heating & cooling (5GDHC) system and 3) individual home heating (HH) systems. Thermal and electrical loads are evaluated by transient simulations of a residential area with 80 buildings for the Riga climate and compared with the same settlement in a Mediterranean region (Milan, IT). The energy plants are based on different technologies: combined heat and power (CHP) plants, gas-fired boilers, and domestic heat pumps.The analysis includes the option of power exchange with the national grid. A transient numerical model has been developed for each solution. Every component is modelled according to performance maps provided by the manufacturers, allowing an accurate simulation in both design and off-design operating conditions. The study includes energy, economic and environmental aspects.The result of the simulation highlights the large difference between the two locations, not only in terms of annual load, but also in terms of load distribution. On an annual basis, the Latvian residential complex requires almost twice as much energy as the Italian one. The thermal losses in the district systems are 4.21% in Milan solution and 5.65% in Riga. The district heating system coupled with heat pump represents the best layout in terms of primary energy consumption in both locations, with energy savings of 50% compared to other solutions. The use of 5GDHC is a good compromise that could increase the use of renewable energy. The adoption of cogeneration plant is a good choice in case of centralized district system that allows the installation of high efficiency genset. On the contrary, for small application as residential, the installation of cogeneration system results expensive and the conversion efficiency does not justify the installation.

Oncologist-Reported Barriers and Facilitators to Offering Cancer Clinical Trials to Their Patients

NCCN guidelines indicate that cancer clinical trials (CCTs) are the best management for patients with cancer. However, only 5% of patients enroll in them. We examined oncologists’ perceived barriers and facilitators to discussing CCTs. This qualitative study was part of the ASCO-ACCC Initiative to Increase Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Clinical Trials. Barriers and facilitators at the system, trial, provider, and patient levels were examined. To achieve triangulation, patient encounters were reviewed using chart-stimulated recall (CSR) methods, thereby obtaining a valid assessment of physician performance. Ten oncology providers participated in this study. Nine were oncologists, and one was a clinical research coordinator; five were female; four were White; three were Asian; and three were Black. Barriers to offering CCTs were a lack of trial availability; ineligibility; a lack of knowledge; assumptions about patient interest, benefits, or harms; patient’s disease factors; and negative attitudes. Facilitators of offering CCTs were a physical space to discuss trials; greater trial availability; a systematic approach to offering trials; patient factors; patients seeking trials; a lack of comorbidities; patients being younger in age; patients being aware of, asking about, or hearing of trials from their surgeon; and higher levels of altruism. Many of the cited barriers are addressable with the cited facilitators. A larger study is needed to generalize and validate these findings.

Evaluation of an artificial intelligence model for identification of mass effect and vasogenic edema on computed tomography of the head.

Mass effect and vasogenic edema are critical findings on CT of the head. This study compared the accuracy of an artificial intelligence model (Annalise Enterprise CTB) to consensus neuroradiologist interpretations in detecting mass effect and vasogenic edema. A retrospective standalone performance assessment was conducted on datasets of non-contrast CT head cases acquired between 2016 and 2022 for each finding. The cases were obtained from patients aged 18 years or older from five hospitals in the United States. The positive cases were selected consecutively based on the original clinical reports using natural language processing and manual confirmation. The negative cases were selected by taking the next negative case acquired from the same CT scanner after positive cases. Each case was interpreted independently by up to three neuroradiologists to establish consensus interpretations. Each case was then interpreted by the AI model for the presence of the relevant finding. The neuroradiologists were provided with the entire CT study. The AI model separately received thin (≤1.5mm) and/or thick (>1.5 and ≤5mm) axial series. The two cohorts included 818 cases for mass effect and 310 cases for vasogenic edema. The AI model identified mass effect with sensitivity 96.6% (95% CI, 94.9-98.2) and specificity 89.8% (95% CI, 84.7-94.2) for the thin series, and 95.3% (95% CI, 93.5-96.8) and 93.1% (95% CI, 89.1-96.6) for the thick series. It identified vasogenic edema with sensitivity 90.2% (95% CI, 82.0-96.7) and specificity 93.5% (95% CI, 88.9-97.2) for the thin series, and 90.0% (95% CI, 84.0-96.0) and 95.5% (95% CI, 92.5-98.0) for the thick series. The corresponding areas under the curve were at least 0.980. The assessed AI model accurately identified mass effect and vasogenic edema in this CT dataset. It could assist the clinical workflow by prioritizing interpretation of abnormal cases, which could benefit patients through earlier identification and subsequent treatment. AI = artificial intelligence; AUC = area under the curve; CADt = computer assisted triage devices; FDA = Food and Drug Administration; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value; SD = standard deviation.

Lightweight railroad semantic segmentation network and distance estimation for railroad Unmanned aerial vehicle images

Derailments significantly harm railroads in terms of severity and fatality rates. Manually monitoring railway tracks is a tedious and often insufficient task to prevent derailment accidents. This necessitates the development of an automated monitoring system to oversee the condition of railway tracks. In the foreseeable future, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), artificial intelligence, and computer vision will play a crucial role in periodically assessing the railway environment to ensure passenger safety. This paper proposes a lightweight and efficient railroad semantic segmentation network (Lite-RSNet), which segments real-time aerial railroad images into rails, gauges, and backgrounds. The segmented regions then compute the distance between rails and obstacles, identifying potential derailment hazards in railroad applications. Lite-RSNet incorporates a multi-level feature fusion framework that includes a residual layer, a multi-head attention layer, a Concurrent Spatial and Channel Squeeze Excitation (CSSE) block, and a Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM). The designed approach enhances onboard processing efficiency by streamlining the model to use fewer parameters and reduce storage demands. Performance assessment of the model utilized the Rail Segmentation Dataset (RSD), which consists of high-resolution, low-altitude aerial photographs of Indian railroads. The Lite-RSNet model outperforms current leading methods, maintaining a lean structure with only 6 million parameters and achieving notable metrics of 0.971 for the Dice Coefficient (DC) and 0.947 for the Jaccard Index (JI) on the test dataset. Furthermore, distance estimation between an obstacle and rail has been implemented using image processing techniques as an additional work of this proposal to know about the caution of an obstacle.

Employee Performance Assessment Model in Survey Service Companies Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Naive Bayes

Assessment of the performance of employees of a survey service company produces a final score that is not in accordance with the company's transformation strategy in responding to external challenges and demands. The variable assessment process still uses 180 Degree Feedback which is one-way from superiors to employees. This makes the company's learning and growth activities, especially in the human resources department, not occur. Therefore, companies should improve the assessment model to become a tool for acquiring highly qualified performing employees. This study contributes to obtain a more comprehensive employee performance assessment model proposal and evaluate the model so that it can be implemented. The research limitation lies in the use of data, namely contract employees with the position of Project Manager. This study uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Naïve Bayes methods to obtain variable weights. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that SOE (State Owned Enterprises) AKHLAK was a new variable. The classification of the assessment variables is divided into Performance and Behavioral aspects based on the Minister of SOE Regulation. Changes that occur include formulas, mechanisms, and rating scales. The results of the verification and validation show that the model is in accordance with the design so that it can be implemented. Model trials with 360 DF show that PM's final score has a good chance of being assessed as a full-time employee. This valuation model can change along with company policies in responding to internal and external changes.

Fine particle capture performance assessment in an electrostatic-fabric integrated precipitator

Electrostatic precipitators, which are more commonly referred to as precipitators, play a crucial role in the process of reducing the quantity of airborne contaminants that are present in both atmospheric and flue gas settings. This is because precipitators are able to lower the concentration of contaminants in the air. The fine particles, ash, and oil that make up these pollutants are included. With a special emphasis on a Cottrell-type electro-filter that makes use of the wire-cylinder arrangement, the goals of this study are to evaluate the practicability of various filtration systems for the purpose of air decontamination. Specifically, the study will focus on the Cottrell-type electro-filter. By conducting a thorough examination of the peculiarities of the electrical and physical parameters that regulate the mechanisms of particle aggregation, our major purpose is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of these parameters. Through the use of experimental design strategies, we will make an effort to construct and perfect the filtration process in the subsequent stage. In addition to that, the purpose of this inquiry is to explore the impact that high voltage levels and the diameter of the conductor wire that is incorporated into the prototype have. Especially notable is the fact that our prototype exhibits an incredible filtration efficiency, with rates reaching up to 98%. This performance is really remarkable. Its exceptional performance reveals that it has the potential to be suitable for a wide variety of contexts, including residential, commercial, healthcare, industrial, and workshop applications. This suggests that it has the potential to be suitable for a wide range of applications.