Assessment Of Energy Storage Systems Research Articles

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Storage Systems for Connecting Large-Scale Wind Energy to the Grid

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Storage Systems for Connecting Large-Scale Wind Energy to the Grid

The static voltage stability analysis of photovoltaic energy storage systems based on NPU algorithm

Although the data-driven static voltage stability problems have been widely studied, most of the classical algorithms focus more on improving the accuracy of the system prediction, ignoring the error classification errors generated during the prediction process. Furthermore, current research ignores the utilization of data-driven voltage stability assessment of energy storage systems. Therefore, this paper proposes a static voltage stability assessment method for photovoltaic energy storage systems based on considering the error classification constraint algorithm using Neyman-Pearson umbrella algorithms. Firstly, the Spearman Correlation Coefficient is employed in the feature selection phase. Secondly, an updated voltage stability assessment (VSA) model is proposed. Compared with the existing data-driven prediction of system static voltage stability in the literature, it can realize voltage stability assessment more quickly. Furthermore, on the basis of rapid voltage stability assessment, the umbrella NP classifier can also effectively limit the first-class error and attenuate the effect of error classification by mirroring the control of the number of cycle splits and the type I classification error threshold. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the effectiveness and robustness of the scheme proposed in this paper in grid-connected photovoltaic energy farms.

Review on reliability assessment of energy storage systems

AbstractAs renewable energy, characterised by its intermittent nature, increasingly penetrates the conventional power grid, the role of energy storage systems (ESS) in maintaining energy balance becomes paramount. This dynamic necessitates a rigorous reliability assessment of ESS to ensure consistent energy availability and system stability. The authors provide a review of the existing research on ESS reliability assessment, encompassing various methods, models, reliability indicators, and offers an analysis of future research trends in ESS reliability. Firstly, the authors summarise the different types of ESS and their characteristics, analysing the trends in ESS reliability research and the unique characteristics of ESS compared to conventional power systems. Secondly, the methods used for the assessment are reviewed, including Markov methods, generalised generating functions, Monte Carlo simulations etc. The shortcomings and characteristics of these methods are discussed. The key reliability indicators, such as Mean Time Between Failures and Mean Time to Repair are emphasised. The applied role of reliability studies is summarised. Finally, the perspective of new research trends in ESS reliability assessment are identified, especially the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, and emphasises their potential to further improve the robustness and effectiveness of ESS reliability.

Life-cycle assessment of batteries for peak demand reduction

At present, a life-cycle assessment of energy storage systems (ESSs) is not widely available in the literature. Such an assessment is increasingly vital nowadays as ESS is recognized as one of the important equipment in power systems to reduce peak demands for deferring or avoiding augmentation in the network and power generation. As the battery cost is still very high at present, a comprehensive assessment is necessary to determine the optimal capacity of ESS so that the maximum financial gain is achievable at the end of the batteries’ lifespan. Therefore, an effective life-cycle assessment is proposed in this paper to show how the optimum capacity of ESS can be determined such that the maximum net financial gain is achievable at the end of the batteries’ lifespan when ESS is used to perform peak demand reductions for the customer or utility companies. The findings reveal the positive financial viability of ESS on the power grid, otherwise the projection of the financial viability is often seemingly poor due to the high battery cost with a short battery lifespan. An improved battery degradation model is used in this assessment, which can simulate the battery degradation accurately in a situation whereby the charging current, discharging current, and temperature of the batteries are intermittent on a site during peak demand reductions. This assessment is crucial to determine the maximum financial benefits brought by ESS.

Comprehensive performance assessment of energy storage systems for various application scenarios based on fuzzy group multi criteria decision making considering risk preferences

The energy storage (ES) is an indispensable flexible resource for green and low-carbon transformation of energy system. However, ES application scenarios are complex. Therefore, scientifically assessing the applicability of different energy storage systems in various scenarios is prominent for the development of ES industry. This paper proposes an integrated fuzzy-GMCDM (group multi criteria decision making) method for achieving the above objective. In the proposed method, the comprehensive performance assessment index system consists of 10 indicators from the perspectives of technology, economy, efficiency and environment based on fuzzy Delphi model. The optimal aggregation weights can reflect the total judgments of all experts are determined by Bayesian Best-Worst method. Fuzzy cumulative prospect theory is employed to maximize the use of objective data, and prioritize the rankings of alternatives under various scenarios considering risk preferences of decision-makers. The results show that this method can provide decision-makers with the optimal solutions for ES selection in various scenarios such as renewable energy consumption and ancillary services. Furthermore, risk preferences with respect to the 4 aspects, affect the optimal choice and the rankings of ES systems, especially for the flywheel ES, sodium‑sulfur battery and vanadium redox flow battery.

Techno-economic assessment of energy storage systems in multi-energy microgrids utilizing decomposition methodology

Renewable resources and energy storage systems integrated into microgrids are crucial in attaining sustainable energy consumption and energy cost savings. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of diverse storage systems within multi-energy microgrids, including natural gas and electricity subsystems, with a comprehensive focus on techno-economic considerations. To achieve this objective, a methodology is developed, comprising an optimization model that facilitates the determination of optimal storage system locations within microgrids. The model considers various factors, such as operating and emission costs of both gas and electricity subsystems, and incorporates a sensitivity analysis to calculate the investment and maintenance costs associated with the storage systems. Due to the incorporation of voltage and current relations in the electricity subsystem as well as gas pressure and flow considerations in the natural gas subsystem, the developed model is classified as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model. To address the inherent complexity in solving, a decomposition approach based on Outer Approximation/Equality Relaxation/Augmented Penalty is developed. This study offers scientific insights into the costs of energy storage systems, potential operational cost savings, and technical considerations of microgrid operation. The results of the developed decomposition approach demonstrate significant advantages, including reduced solving time and a decreased number of iterations.

Techno-economic assessment of energy storage systems in green buildings while considering demand uncertainty

Energy storage systems (ESSs) were introduced to overcome the risks posed by energy curtailment. In this paper, we compare the Levelized cost of storage (LCOS) for PEM Reversible Fuel Cells, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, and Lithium-Ion Batteries in three different locations in the United States (Tucson, Seattle, and Rochester) that are characterized by different energy consumption profiles. This research examines three commercial buildings of different sizes: small, medium, and large, with three occupancy profiles: low, medium, and high energy consumption in each of the three locations. The objective is to quantify the impact of uncertain demand and uncertain financial parameters on the LCOS. The results show that all ESSs can represent an attractive alternative to energy curtailment regardless of the building size or the occupancy profile. Further, the results show that fuel cells are a better fit for demand uncertainty as they are more resilient to changes and remain attractive despite that. The uncertainty analysis showed that the minimum LCOS was $0.049/kWh, and it was for a PEM-RFC in a small building in Tucson under high energy consumption behavior. Oppositely, the maximum LCOS was $0.679/kWh, and that was for a large building in Seattle under high energy usage occupancy as well.

Environmental and Techno-economic Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Storage Systems in Railway supply system

During rush hours, catenary voltage drop is a significant issue on the 1,5kV – DC lines. Indeed, when voltage drop occures between two substations, the trains can't accelerate as they should. Among the solutions that could solve such a problem, the development of a new traditionnal substation in the middle of two others, also the integration of wayside Energy Storage Systems (ESS). This paper deals with the development on Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in the SNCF (French Railway Company) railway network. It aims to study the techno-economic interests of such innovations, also to investigate the environmental impact they could have. The assessment is based on the comparison of a traditional railway 1,5kV–DC substation and a battery-based substation.

Renewables with Energy Storage: A Time-series Socioeconomic Model for Business and Welfare Analysis

This paper seeks to quantify the effects of the increasing penetration level of renewable distributed generation and energy storage systems on the regulated electricity market over time. More specifically, the emphasis is on the long-term implications of distributed energy resources on energy loss and how it affects the electricity market. The proposed methodology is based on a modified combination of the Bass diffusion model (time-series forecasting of the penetration level of distributed energy resources) and the optimized tariff model (socioeconomic regulated electricity market model). Such models have not previously been applied jointly, even though they exhibit great potential for long-term market assessment in the context of distributed energy resources integration. The methodology enables the analysis of multiple public policies regarding renewable distributed generation and energy storage systems, such as net billing schemes to accelerate their deployment. Furthermore, the methodology also enables the assessment of energy storage systems' feasibility. By applying the methodology to a concession area in southern Brazil, results demonstrate that energy storage systems are feasible if combined with appropriate public policies, as a performance index (mean socioeconomic gain) of 329 (MR$) was obtained.

Assessment of energy storage systems as a reserve provider in stochastic network constrained unit commitment

Assessment of energy storage systems as a reserve provider in stochastic network constrained unit commitment

Assessment of battery storage utilization in distribution feeders

The paper is concerned with the assessment of energy storage systems at the distribution level. Several projects related to energy storage are reviewed and analyzed for a better understanding of the motivation and benefits gained from such technology. Different applications and technologies of energy storage (ES) are identified, as well as the distinguishing characteristics of these ES technologies. The role of ES in the transition to a sustainable energy system is also identified and discussed. A sizing and location optimization study is conducted to realize the operational impact of installing battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in an existed distribution network in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The results will quantify the economic return that BESSs can offer for the electrical network, which would improve the decision making of the electric utility towards handling increasing load demand and power quality issues.

Techno-economic assessment of energy storage systems using annualized life cycle cost of storage (LCCOS) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) metrics

Abstract Energy generation from renewable energy sources (RESs) is rapidly developing across the world to improve the performance of power networks and increase the share of RESs in world energy production. In this regard, energy storage (ES) technologies are the key enablers for reliable use of renewables because they introduce many benefits for modern power systems. However, the choice of a suitable technology depends on several techno-economic metrics, which require the decision-maker to investigate the applicability of the technology and whether it offers promising benefits or not. Hence, this paper presents an ES cost model that considers long-term, medium-term, and short-term ES applications, technologies and technical characteristics in an integrated framework that consider the ES technical and economic characteristics supported by in-market insight, including capital costs of the technologies; operation and maintenance costs; replacement costs during the lifetime of the system; and disposal and recycling costs, based on the current ES costs. Two key metrics, namely the annualized life cycle cost of storage (LCCOS) and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), are used to make proper ES operational choices while complying with their technical and operational performance limits. Further, a sensitivity analysis of the governing factors that affect the storage cost is presented to introduce a powerful decision tool to empower techno-economic assessment of ES systems using the proposed cost models.

Assessment of energy storage systems for power system applications via suitability index approach (Part IV)

Energy storage systems provide several benets and services in optimizing the power grid's reliability, effciency and safety. However, the feasibility of energy storage systems varies dependent on t ...

Process Design Study of Reversible Solid Oxide Cell (r-SOC) System for Coupling Energy Storage and Hydrogen Economy Supply Chain

Higher penetration of renewable energy sources in the energy mix and increasing pressure to decarbonize society introduces new challenges. Energy storage and grid stabilization systems are necessary to address the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources (wind, solar etc.) [1]–[4]. Renewable energy storage in form of hydrogen offers an attractive option for energy storage [5], [6]. With advent of hydrogen economy and growing number of fuel cell vehicles, local production and supply of hydrogen infrastructure for refueling stations is essential [7]–[9]. An r-SOC electrochemical reactor system is capable addressing these multiple challenges of energy storage and coupling the energy storage sector with hydrogen economy sector. Electricity storage is achieved by operating such a system in electrolysis mode (reduction of H2O). Electrical energy is converted to chemical energy in form of hydrogen. The produced hydrogen can be supplied into gas grids or stored locally which can be supplied to hydrogen refueling stations. During high demand for electricity, the system can be switched to fuel cell mode during which the stored hydrogen is efficiently converted to electricity. r-SOC systems offer an interesting feasible solution for the following challenges: 1) Efficient electricity storage, 2) Grid stabilization required for intermittent renewable energy, 3) Sector coupling of energy storage sector with hydrogen economy supply chain and 4) A decentralized solution for the above challenges via e.g. hydrogen refueling stations. An r-SOC system as described above poses certain technical challenges as requirements of a stand-alone SOEC (solid oxide electrolysis cell) system and a stand-alone SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) system are different from each other. The simplest design approach for an r-SOC system calls for thermoneutral or exothermic electrolysis operation, although this will yield low round trip efficiencies in the range of 35 % [10]. Coupling highly efficient endothermic electrolysis and exothermic fuel cell mode allows for significantly higher round trip efficiencies up to 60 %. Therefore thermal integration, storage and management between the two modes of operation are crucial. In this study, a process system study of an r-SOC electrochemical reactor system is performed. Process system analysis is performed based on experimental investigation of a commercially available r-SOC reactor carried out under pressurized conditions. Opportunities of integrating thermal energy storage are investigated. Detailed process system architectures are discussed and effects of key system operating parameters are analyzed. Achievable system roundtrip efficiencies for the different scenarios using currently available r-SOC reactor technology are quantified. Reference [1] P. J. Hall and E. J. Bain, “Energy-storage technologies and electricity generation,” Energy Policy, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 4352–4355, Dec. 2008. [2] H. Ibrahim, A. Ilinca, and J. Perron, “Energy storage systems—Characteristics and comparisons,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1221–1250, Jun. 2008. [3] A. Evans, V. Strezov, and T. J. Evans, “Assessment of sustainability indicators for renewable energy technologies,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 1082–1088, Jun. 2009. [4] R. M. Dell and D. A. J. Rand, “Energy storage - A key technology for global energy sustainability,” J. Power Sources, vol. 100, pp. 2–17, 2001. [5] A. Sternberg and A. Bardow, “Power-to-What? - Environmental assessment of energy storage systems,” Energy Environ. Sci., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 389–400, 2015. [6] H. Chen, T. N. Cong, W. Yang, C. Tan, Y. Li, and Y. Ding, “Progress in electrical energy storage system: A critical review,” Prog. Nat. Sci., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 291–312, Mar. 2009. [7] J. a Turner, “Sustainable hydrogen production.,” Science, vol. 305, no. 5686, pp. 972–974, 2004. [8] M. Ball and M. Wietschel, “The future of hydrogen - opportunities and challenges,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 615–627, 2009. [9] G. Mulder, J. Hetland, and G. Lenaers, “Towards a sustainable hydrogen economy: Hydrogen pathways and infrastructure,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 32, no. 10–11, pp. 1324–1331, 2007. [10] J. Mermelstein and O. Posdziech, “Development and Demonstration of a Novel Reversible SOFC System for Utility and Micro Grid Energy Storage,” 2016, vol. 306, no. July, pp. 59–70.

Power-to-What? – Environmental assessment of energy storage systems

The article tries to answer the question: Given 1 MW h of surplus electricity from renewable energies, which energy storage system brings the greatest environmental benefit?