Assessing Water Consumption Research Articles

НОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВОДОПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ УГОДИЙ И КУЛЬТУР С УЧЕТОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННОЙ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ ГИДРОМЕТЕОРОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ

The article presents the developed calculation methodology for environmental regulation of water consumption of agricultural land and crops, taking into account the spatiotemporal variability of climatic, hydrological, soil and biological indicators of the natural system. It is noted that the human pressure in the form of a deficit in water consumption of agricultural land and crops should be based on the principles of energy balance of heat, moisture and nutrients, taking into account natural conditions that ensure targeted regulation and management of soil-forming processes in hydro-agrolandscapes. The developed model and algorithm for assessing water consumption in agriculture are built using two models for rationing water consumption - agricultural land and crops, which makes it possible to determine the most important criteria for environmental management in irrigated agriculture and is of great importance in ensuring food security of the population.

Assessing Water Consumption Pattern and Delivery Irrigation Performance Indicators Using the Wapor Portal Under Data-Limited Conditions, Ethiopia

Assessing Water Consumption Pattern and Delivery Irrigation Performance Indicators Using the Wapor Portal Under Data-Limited Conditions, Ethiopia

A planetary boundary-based method to assess freshwater use at the global and local scales

Many studies have attempted to evaluate the transgression of the water planetary boundary at sub-global levels. Typically, this has been done by assessing water consumption in a country/city or sector against the assigned share of the global limit. Such an approach enables evaluating whether a sub-global unit operates within the safe global limits. However, it ignores spatial water availability and thus may provide an incomplete image of water-related environmental impacts and thus local boundaries. This study demonstrates how the water planetary boundary concept can be integrated within the Environmentally Extended Multi-Region Input-Output (EEMRIO) framework to assess global and local (watershed level) boundaries. Our results demonstrate that even though most countries operate within globally safe limits, for several countries, a large share of water comes from watersheds that have reached unsafe water consumption levels. This highlights the importance of combining local and global level assessments to design more accurate and tailored policy responses targeting specific watersheds that are most at risk.

Using Deuterium Oxide as a Non-Invasive, Non-Lethal Tool for Assessing Body Composition and Water Consumption in Mammals.

Body condition scoring systems and body condition indices are common techniques used for assessing the health status or fitness of a species. Body condition scoring systems are evaluator dependent and have the potential to be highly subjective. Body condition indices can be confounded by foraging, the effects of body weight, as well as statistical and inferential problems. An alternative to body condition scoring systems and body condition indices is using a stable isotope such as deuterium oxide to determine body composition. The deuterium oxide dilution method is a repeatable, quantitative technique used to estimate body composition in humans, wildlife, and domestic species. Additionally, the deuterium oxide dilution technique can be used to determine the water consumption of an individual animal. Here, we describe the adaption of the deuterium oxide dilution technique for assessing body composition in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) and for assessing water consumption in cats (Felis catis).

Assessing water consumption and aquifer discharge through springs based on the joint use of rain and flow data in the Yarmouk River Basin

The method is proposed for assessing water consumption in the transboundary basin under the scarce available data on exploitation of water resources. The method is based on analysis of the dynamic rain–flow relationship which confirms the consistent flow decline during subsequent sub-periods as a result of the increased water consumption. The proposed method was applied to the Yarmouk River Basin up to the Maqaren Station. The study area (6058 km2) includes Syrian (more 80%) and Jordanian territories. The present study provided complete information on consumption from the Yarmouk River in Syria (1971–2009) and confirmed its significant impact on flow reaching Jordan (downstream area) and on aquifer discharge through springs. During 1997–2009 the total water consumption was estimated as 76% of the Yarmouk Natural Flow vs. 24% for the measured flow at Maqaren Station. Similar estimates for surface water and for groundwater are 82% and 67% vs. 18% and 23%, respectively. In 2006–2009, annual consumption (total, SW and GW) critically increased and reached to 95–100% of the Natural Flow. The perennial base flow of the Yarmouk River at Maqaren Station is caused by outflow of springs in the outlet section of the Hreer tributary, which represents the local aquifer discharge. Its mean annual value was assessed as 120 MCM (40% of the Yarmouk natural flow) but it decreased to almost complete dry-out in 2006–2009 under conditions of the decline in the water level of the basin aquifer and the depletion and drying of the springs as the result of the unrestrained increased pumping of groundwater. These results are useful for water balance estimation as well as for assessment and management of the water resources in Syria and Jordan. The method can be adapted to real-time monitoring of the water consumption from the Yarmouk River (Syria). The proposed method can be applied to other areas with problems of the transboundary water relations under scarce water resources and limited data on the water use.

Environmental impact assessment of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends

This paper presents a comprehensive environmental impact assessment of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends, exploring their potential as a sustainable alternative to conventional diesel fuel. The study investigates a range of environmental aspects, including greenhouse gas emissions, air quality impacts, water resource effects, and lifecycle considerations. Through a review of recent literature and analysis of empirical data, the research examines the effects of different biodiesel blend ratios (B5, B10, B20, etc.) on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The analysis considers the variability in environmental impacts based on feedstock type (soybean, canola, palm oil, algae, waste oils), production methods (transesterification, pyrolysis), and regional factors. The study also delves into the water footprint of biodiesel production, assessing water consumption and pollution risks associated with different feedstocks and production processes. A lifecycle analysis framework is employed to evaluate the overall environmental performance of biodiesel-diesel blends, considering energy balance, land use changes, and potential indirect impacts. This paper aims to provide a holistic understanding of the environmental implications of biodiesel-diesel blends, highlighting both the benefits and potential drawbacks. The findings contribute to informed decision-making regarding the adoption and promotion of biodiesel as a sustainable fuel option, emphasizing the importance of considering feedstock choices, production technologies, and regional contexts.

Assessing Water Consumption Of Barley Cultivation In Thi-qar Province, Iraq

Assessing Water Consumption Of Barley Cultivation In Thi-qar Province, Iraq

Assessing Water Consumption Of Barley Cultivation In Thi-qar Province, Iraq

Assessing Water Consumption Of Barley Cultivation In Thi-qar Province, Iraq

Assessing Water Consumption of S-PVC Resin Manufacturing Process by Life Cycle Assessment

The rapid growth of industry has resulted in increased severity of water scarcity in the Eastern region of Thailand over the past decade. The assessment of water use by industrial manufacturing processes located in areas experiencing water stress is necessary to ensure a sustainable water resources management. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the use of life cycle assessment as a tool for assessing water use in an industrial manufacturing process. A case study of S-PVC resin manufacturing process located in Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate, Rayong province, Thailand, is presented. The studying results indicate that the amount of water used to produce 1 Kg of S-PVC resin is 14.72 liters, of which 6.22 liters are withdrawn from local water resources. Additionally, the direct and indirect water use along the production supply chain is accounted for in a streamlined life cycle assessment.

Relationships Between Satellite Observed Lit Area and Water Footprints

Global water resources are vulnerable to depletion due to the increasing demand of an ever-increasing human population. A country’s water footprint is a measure of the total volume of water needed to produce the goods and services consumed by the country, including water originating beyond its own borders. The water footprint can be a critical indicator of global water resource use, but its practical application is hindered by a lack of comparable data across national boundaries. The purpose of this article is to test the applicability of the nighttime imagery products produced by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) for the assessment of the global water footprint. To accomplish this purpose, the average areal extent of nighttime lighting (lit area) is calculated from 1997 to 2001. Next, lit area is regressed on the total water footprint for each country, as indicated by the Water Footprint Network (WFN), to estimate that country’s total water footprint using nighttime imagery. Model residuals are analyzed at the national scale to understand the appropriateness of nighttime imagery for assessing water consumption. Results indicate strong positive correlations between lit area and total water footprint (TWF), domestic water withdrawal (DWW), and industrial water consumption (IWC) at the national scale. Overall, the analyses reveal that the rate of agricultural water consumption to total water footprint (AWCR) and population density can affect the precision of estimates when lit area is selected as a proxy to estimate water footprints.

Provision of safe domestic water for the promotion and protection of public health: a case study of the city of Beirut, Lebanon

Securing adequate safe drinking water and proper sanitation is a major challenge facing the developing world. The "Water for Life Decade" emphasizes the importance of upgrading national water quality and sanitation services. This study assessed the domestic water profile in the city of Beirut. Samples were collected from three types of household water sources (municipality, private wells, and vended water bottles) and assessed for their physiochemical and microbiological profile. At the same time, a cross-sectional survey assessing water consumption patterns and the prevalence of water-borne diseases was conducted. The results showed a deficient water quality profile in all three water sources. The measured physiochemical and bacteriological parameters reflected the high frequency of water-borne diseases. Action to secure a safe domestic water supply is essential. The plan should guarantee the protection of water sources, ensure sufficient treatment of domestic water and upgrade the national program for potable water quality control. Periodic quality monitoring and legislating the chaotic water-vending sector are indispensable. Additionally, the deterioration of private well sources by sea and wastewater infiltration necessitates the enforcement of legislation associated with the use and management of private wells. Consumer awareness and active contributions to promote and protect public health are important.

Assessing water consumption of banana: traditional versus modelling approach

The water consumption, expressed as ‘actual evapotranspiration’ (ET a), plays an important role in understanding the soil–water–atmosphere–plant environment. This paper highlights two different methods to assess the water consumption of banana, a traditional and modelling approach, respectively. The first method to assess ET a was based on the water balance equation and thus included field measurements. The second method involved the simulation model soil water atmosphere plant (SWAP). The results showed that both methods led to comparative results. This study also aimed at evaluating the performance of the SWAP-model under very different circumstances as for which it has been used previously. The uncertainty about the parameters of the SWAP model remained rather high. The most important drawback of SWAP is the enormous amount of data that is required. Since these data were not always available, this resulted in a large amount of parameters to be estimated and involved in the sensitivity analyses and calibration process. The final simulation results showed several inconsistencies. It seemed that, for successful predictions, more data were needed to describe the bottom boundary condition (BBC) of the considered soil profile in greater detail, especially when there is influence of groundwater. This BBC has indeed a great impact on the simulation results. SWAP offers several ‘simplified’ approaches concerning the BBC in case no data are available. However, in all cases SWAP seemed to overestimate the moisture content.

Audit of water consumption in hotels in Hong Kong

This Note reports an audit of water consumption in 17 hotels in Hong Kong, based on water consumption data for 1995. An averaged water use index (WUI) based on unit floor area for the 17 hotels has been derived. A number of factors potentially affeeting the WUI values for hotels have been examined. The difficulties in assessing water consumption in hotel buildings are discussed and a method for properly assessing water use performance in hotel buildings is proposed.