Asphalt Mixing Plant Research Articles

The Use of Waste Low-Density Polyethylene for the Modification of Asphalt Mixture

In this study, a critical evaluation and the benefits of using a waste and a virgin polymer in an asphalt mixture are presented. The present paper is the result of a three-year research effort to find a suitable recyclate compatible with asphalt binder and setting reaction conditions in the preparation of asphalt mixtures with the mentioned recyclate. This suitable candidate was recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which was produced by recycling old, worn-out bags and films. An amount of 6% of LDPE by the weight of the binder content was suggested as the best amount of the modifier. Physical tests, including penetration, softening point, and kinematic viscosity have been carried out to prove the effectiveness of the modification on the binder properties. The effectiveness of the blending process and the appropriate concentration of additives led to a homogeneous polymer-modified bitumen without any imperfections in the structure. After successful preparation under laboratory conditions, this paper describes the preparation of asphalt mixtures directly in an asphalt-mixing plant and the subsequent implementation of a verification section. The overall composition of prepared polymer-modified asphalt mixtures has been studied. An important result of this study is the preparation of the asphalt mixture with waste LDPE that meets all the technical requirements. Moreover, it has been proven that this type of waste PE is fully applicable in asphalt-mixing plants in Slovakia, with zero or minimal financial burden on construction companies to complete the construction of their production facilities. Using such a technology, we can reduce the amount of waste plastics that otherwise end up in landfill.

Influence of bio-based and refined rejuvenators on asphalt mixture with cold RAP

ABSTRACT In the recent years, research on the effects of rejuvenation on hot mix asphalt (HMA) with a high amount of RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) has intensified. However, the vast majority of scientists focus on the technology of preheated RAP addition (e.g. in the parallel dryer). It was decided to investigate the effect of rejuvenators on asphalt mixtures containing non-preheated RAP (RAP cold addition into the mixer). Different types of rejuvenators were used in the research. The tests were carried out for the binder course and the base course. The optimal amount of cold RAP in the mixtures was determined and based on the initial tests of stiffness modulus and air void content, the amount of rejuvenators was adjusted for later tests. Tests of air void content, stiffness, resistance to water and frost and rutting resistance were carried out in the laboratory. Afterwards tests in the asphalt mixing plant were conducted for the rejuvenator with the best results for the base course. The results obtained confirmed the potential of using rejuvenators for mixtures with cold RAP addition into the mixer. It has been shown that bio-based rejuvenators are suitable for the use in different types of asphalt mixtures.

FTIR spectroscopy analysis assessment of reclaimed asphalt at asphalt mixing plants to optimize the recycling

Reclaimed asphalt pavements (RA) usually are fully recyclable in new asphalt mixtures. The properties of the individually aged and possibly modified bitumen in the RA will affect the mix design of the new asphalt mixture. Furthermore, the RA may contain hazardous PAH-contamination resulting from coal tar, which was applied in German road pavements up to the 1980′s. For identifying substances that impair or influence reusability of the RA the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method was modified. Within a total measuring time of approx. 20 min, the binder contained in a sample of granulated road construction material can be recovered by means of a rapid extraction and measured by FTIR-ATR. By evaluating the measured absorption spectra, samples which have to be considered as PAH-contaminated (with PAH contents ≥ 25 mg/kg) could be distinguished from non-contaminated reclaimed asphalt. Furthermore, the presence of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modification as well as viscosity-changing organic additives could be identified.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Industri Asphalt Mixing Plant pada PT. Selo Progo Sakti

PT. Selo Progo Sakti is a company engaged in the Asphalt Mixing Plant industry. Asphalt Mixing Plant is a production equipment that produces Hotmix in the form of a mixture of asphalt with some aggregate materials used as road pavement materials. This Asphalt Mixing Plant operates for production according to orders from consumers and the character of the production results in the form of hotmix must meet certain temperature criteria for gnats to be spread out on the road media so that it must be avoided so that the product conditions do not occur at low or cold temperatures because it will harden and cannot used for road pavement. Therefore, the accuracy in delivering the product to the location where it will be held will greatly determine the quality of the production after it is held on the road. In addition, product quality is also determined from the job mix or the proportion of the material mixture that has been agreed upon in accordance with the job specifications, so it needs supervision from various parties involved in the implementation of the work. The existence of an information system is a tool for controlling production costs, in this case hotmix products produced from Asphalt Mixing Plant machines are needed to monitor every production process from several departments that have been worked on so that data management can be done quickly and accurately. Therefore, this system was built in order to overcome problems such as calculating the cost of production of hotmix for each product according to jobmix, cost control, inventory control and preparation of financial reports which can be done in one integrated information system. Tools used in making this system is Visual Basic. The application design method uses the ProtoTyping method.

Learning from data to improve asphalt road construction processes

Asphalt road construction projects pose a lot of challenges in different disciplines, from the choice of construction methods, type and quantity of machines and personnel, pre-planning of all processes, ordering material from asphalt mixing plants, real-time logistics of handling material transport, and the asphalt paving and compaction process itself. Depending on the complexity and size of the construction site, preparation and execution can be influenced by a lot of unknown variables, like weather impact, material properties of the delivered asphalt or delays in the deliveries themselves. These circumstances might lead to irregularities in the asphalt material temperatures and thus suboptimal conditions for compaction or even construction stoppage - in any case, they lead to a reduction in quality of the built asphalt road. In recent years, a lot of mobile devices, sensors and software have been emerging as viable solutions in the construction industry to digitize and support these processes. Those real-time applications allow deeper insight into logistics or material properties on site and acquire data for downstream analysis. These endeavours in process optimization now benefit construction companies to increase efficiency, and for work safety and environmental aspects, it is crucial to optimize energy and CO2 consumption. Improved logistics and building roads with low-temperature asphalt will have to become a standard in road construction. The present study gives an overview of the digitalized processes in asphalt road construction with market-available solutions focusing on logistics data of the material delivery chain from mixing plant to paver, thermal imaging data of the built asphalt to validate asphalt temperatures, as well as machine and location data from asphalt paver and compaction rollers.

Research on Energy Consumption Monitoring and Evaluation Technology for Asphalt Mixing Plants Based on the Internet of Things

The construction process of asphalt pavement in highway construction projects is a key link in energy consumption and emissions, and the production of asphalt mixing stations is the main energy consumption link of asphalt pavement. Currently, targeted energy consumption evaluation and monitoring of asphalt mixing stations still lack systematic research. This article first determines the evaluation indicators for energy conservation and emission reduction of asphalt pavement. By decomposing the energy consumption composition of the asphalt mixing station, a energy consumption evaluation system for the asphalt mixing station consisting of three parts: heating drum, asphalt heating and insulation system, and power system is established. After calculation, the predicted natural gas conversion rates for each ton of SMA-13 asphalt mixture in the upper layer, AC-20 asphalt mixture in the middle layer, and AC-25 asphalt mixture in the lower layer are 8.07, 7.41, and 6.87 m3, respectively. The predicted results fit well with the measured data. Finally, through the development of hardware and software, the energy consumption evaluation and monitoring of asphalt mixing stations based on the Internet of Things were achieved, which played a promoting role in the environmental protection evaluation of highway pavement construction.

Sensitivity Analysis of Investment and NPV Analysis with Monte Carlo Simulation in Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP) Industry

Sensitivity Analysis of Investment and NPV Analysis with Monte Carlo Simulation in Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP) Industry

Measurement of Radionuclides and their Impact on the Environment Around Asphalt Plants in Delta State

Measurement of radionuclides and their impact on the environment around asphalt plants in some selected Asphalt mixing plant within Delta State, Nigeria was carried out. The Background Ionizing Radiation and the GPS of the location was measured using a well calibrated Gamma scout; Geiger counter multi-radiation meter and a GARMIN GPS meter and the result obtained at Raycon, DLA and Neodede Hot Asphalt Mixing Plants for outdoor exposure, shows a total mean value of (0.01492±0.038) (mRh-1), (0.01497±0.037) (mRh-1) and (0.01413±0.014) (mRh-1) respectively. The total mean values obtained in the selected radiological centers were all above the world average BIR level of 0.013 (mR?-1) as recommended by UNSCEAR (2000). These results were used to calculate some hazard indices such as the Equivalent dose (ED) in mSv??1, the absorbed dose rate (ADR) in nGy??1, Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) and Excess Life Cancer Risk (ELCR). All the values obtained for each Parameter were above the world permissible limits as given by UNSCEAR (2000). The average activity concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th in the soil of the three study areas were (603.21±30.94) Bq/Kg, (5.70 ±0.678) Bq/Kg and (6.91 ± 0.405) Bq/Kg. For 40K the average activity concentration was high and above the world recommended limit of 420 Bq/Kg (UNSCEAR 2000). 238U and 232Th were below the world recommended limits which are 33 Bq/Kg and 45 Bq/Kg. respectively. The Activity Concentration results were used to calculate the following radiological parameters: Absorbed gamma dose rate (DR) in (nGy/h), Annual Effective Dose Equivalent AEDE in (?Svy-1), the Radium Equivalent (Raeq), Excess Life Cancer Risk (ELCR) and External Hazard Index. All the calculated radiological Values were above the recommended limit given by (UNSCEAR 2000). Water samples in the study areas was also collected and the average activi

Design of Asphalt Mixing Plant Industry Information System

Asphalt mixing plant is a production equipment that produces hot mix in the form of a mixture of asphalt with some aggregate materials used as road pavement materials. The asphalt mixing plant produces hot mix which must be at a certain temperature so that it does not harden and cannot be used for road pavement. The accuracy in the delivery time of the product to the location where it will be held determines the quality of the production after it is held on the road media. The existence of an information system is a tool for controlling production costs, in this case hotmix products produced from asphalt mixing plant machines are needed to monitor every production process from several departments that have been worked on so that data management can be done quickly and accurately. Seeing the existing problems, this research aims to design and build an industrial information system for the asphalt mixing plant at PT. Wasis by Nugraha. Tools used in making this system is Visual Basic. The application design method uses the ProtoTyping method. The results of this study are that with the design and construction of an industrial information system for the asphalt mixing plant at PT. Wasis Karya Nugraha received a very good category in the functional suitability aspect and a very appropriate predicate in the usability aspect in helping to overcome conventional system problems in the administration of raw material procurement to the production process, sending finished products to consumers and financial reporting which can be caused by human error.

Effect of Additive Addition on RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) as an Aggregate Substitution Against the Upper Surface Layer of The Road

As development in the field of infrastructure increases, it will require more materials of natural origin. The availability of materials from nature will be reduced and more limited. Meanwhile, the construction of infrastructure continues to run every year for the improvement and comfort of the community. With this, the importation of goods will also increase, especially for bulk asphalt materials, and it is possible that later the stone that becomes one of the main materials for hot asphalt mixture will also bring in from abroad. If waste from peeled asphalt (RAP) can be reused, it will automatically reduce the use of materials from nature and reduce import activities of goods which results in reduced state expenditure. The thesis task will discuss the reuse of peeled asphalt (milling) on the highway, starting from the benefits of RAP, the advantages of RAP, testing RAP materials and new materials, and how to produce RAP asphalt at the Asphalt Mixing Plant. The composition of the RAP used is 60% with SW1 rejunevile material of 3.8%, the addition of new aggregates of 40%, and the addition of new asphalt of 3.3%. The results of the compaction experiment in the field (trial compaction) which will be used for work reference are initial compaction (tandem roller 2 passing), intermediate compaction (tire roller 16 passing), and final compaction (tandem roller 1 passing), and the resulting density of hot mix beds of 98.36%.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF USING FOAMED ASPHALT

Introduction. There has been a world-wide tendency, a global trend to reduce energy demand using a wide variety of methods. With this, on the one hand, the goal is to conserve the limited available and increasingly expensive energy carriers, and on the other hand, it is strived to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and thereby fight against climate change. Problem statement. In the field of road construction, the most widespread manifestation of this sustainability endeavour is the goal of replacing high-energy, hot asphalt mixtures (HMA) with variants of suitable quality. It is a common experience that in this field, the so-called warm asphalt mixtures (WMA) can be the most effective solution. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to examine the environmental effects of the WMA. The authors of the article also deal with whether the type of substitute asphalt mixture does not represent a (long-term) performance reduction in the asphalt layers. Materials and methods. Environmental safety of asphalt mixing plants is a growing concern nowadays due to the high temperature of asphalt mixture production requiring a lot of energy, and resulting in much air pollutants released into the air. The comparison between hot mix asphalt (HMA) and warm mix asphalt (WMA) was performed using BEES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) 4.0 model; just now the environmental features of the two asphalt mixture types was concentrated on. (The model has also an economic element).

Penggunaan Asbuton (Ac-Wc) Pracampur Pada Proyek Preservasi Jalan Duri – Kandis - Sp. Palas - Siak II (Pekanbaru) (E-Katalog)

Asbuton is natural asphalt whose use in Indonesia is no stranger. One of the asbuton technologies that has been widely used is pre-mixed asbuton. Pre-mixed asphalt is one type of modified asphalt used in Indonesia. Pre-mixed Asphalt is processed and mixed with Pen 60/70 Asphalt at a factory that meets certain requirements, so that it is equivalent to Modified Asphalt. Premixed Asbuton products have a minimum level of purity of 90%, so they still contain a maximum of 10% fine minerals. This type of processed Pre-mixed Asphalt is the mobile container circulates directly inside the Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP) boiler without the addition of Asphalt Pen 60/70 to produce Hot Mix Asphalt (Hotmix) which is equivalent to using Modified Asphalt. From the results of testing in the laboratory it was found that the asphalt mixture using pre-mixed asphalt has better technical properties than the conventional asphalt mixture (made using Pen 60/70 asphalt)

Evaluation of fly ash concrete in salt environment

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with many buildings located in the coastal area. Seawater contains 3.5% salt, which can eat away at the strength and durability of concrete. Sodium salts can be dangerous when combined with reactive alkaline aggregates, and the crystallization of salts in concrete cavities can destroy them due to crystallization pressure. Concrete porosity is important to study, especially in beachfront buildings and buildings that intersect with the ground. In Riau Province, several companies operate AMP (Asphalt Mixing Plant) or paved mixture production units, which produce a large amount of fly ash or AMP waste. Research suggests that using only alkaline cement, using only alkaline cement, a mixture of 15% and 20% fly ash, can be more durable than concrete. This study used fly ash additives with seawater curing to determine the compressive strength of concrete with a curing life of 7, 14, and 28 days. This research was conducted because there was limited compressive strength research on concrete using a mixture of fly ash with seawater curing.

Evaluation of Emissions by Different Analysis Method at Hot Mix Asphalt Plant Combustion Source

The combustion process for the asphalt mixing in hot mix asphalt (HMA) plant can produce harmful flue gases emission into the atmosphere. Combustion activities produce heat for industrial usage whenfuel reacts with oxygen in the air under suitable conditions. High concentrations of undesirable emissions can be formed if the combustion is not properly controlled during the reaction. This paper gives an overview on the method and measurement of these emissions in combustion analysis by focusing on the three types of analysis methods which are laboratory testing analysis, on-site emission analysis, and theoretical analysis. Three types of data were prepared in order to achieve the objective of the study, which are literaturestudy, site visit, and laboratory analysis. The result shows that there areslightly different emission results even though they came from the same source. Clearly, the analysis shows thatthe air-fuel ratio during combustion can havea significant effect on the emission result. The excess air supplied can cause dilution to the emission and leads to a low emission value.

Emissions from Hot Mix Asphalt Plants and their Impact on Ambient Air Quality

Emissions from Hot Mix Asphalt Plants and their Impact on Ambient Air Quality

Characteristic simulation and working parameter optimization of the aggregate dryer

The aggregate dryer is generally used in an asphalt mixing plant for road construction equipment and serves to heat the aggregates. In this work, the coupled method of Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) is used to study the gas-solid coupling of aggregate dryers to improve the heat exchange efficiency between flue gas and aggregate. The heating process of aggregates in an aggregate dryer is visualized by analyzing the particle discrete field and the fluid temperature field during drying. The motion process and distribution characteristics of aggregate particles are established for different outputs and rotational speeds, and the hot flue gas distribution and temperature characteristics of the aggregate dryer are also obtained. The results show that the rotational speed affects the distribution of the aggregate veiling zone and pressure, which in turn affects the stability of the flame. Reducing the rotational speed results in a more uniform distribution of the aggregate veiling zone and thus an increase in heat utilization. In addition, when the output of the aggregate dryer is 80 t/h and the rotation speed is 6.2 rpm, the aggregate discharge temperature is the highest and the thermal efficiency of the aggregate dryer is the best.

Sample Preparation and Analytical Methods for Identifying Organic Compounds in Bituminous Emissions.

Bitumen is a major construction material that can emit harmful fumes when heated. These fumes pose health risks to workers and communities near construction projects or asphalt mixing plants. The chemical complexity of bitumen fumes and the increasing use of additives add to the difficulty of analytically quantifying the harmful chemicals emitted using a single technique. Research on bitumen emissions consists of numerous sample preparation and analytical methods. There are a range of considerations to be made when deciding on an appropriate sample preparation method and instrumental configuration to optimise the analysis of specific organic contaminants in emissions. Researchers investigating emissions from bituminous materials may need to consider a range of analytical techniques to quantify harmful chemicals and assess the efficacy of new additives. This review summarises the primary methodologies for sample preparation and analytical techniques used in bitumen research and discusses future challenges and solutions.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Aspal Modifikasi Polimer Ethyl Vinyl Acetat (EVA) Terhadap Campuran Laston Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC)

Asphalt concrete (Laston) has a high level of flexibility so that the placement of such a layer directly above the wear layer (AC-WC) make this layer susceptible to damage is too high temperature and heavy traffic loads. In addition to these, as well as the damage is too high viscosity when asphalt mixing with aggregate due to the ineffectiveness of quality control in Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP) so that the asphalt temperature is not controlled. This study is intended to take advantage of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) as a polymer in a mixture of Asphalt Concrete – Wearing Course). Stages of materials testing carried out on three specimen to be used, ex Clereng aggregate, asphalt penetration pertamina 60/70, and modifier type of polymer Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA). The test in laboratory with Marshall Test to acquire properties with a value of EVA modified aphalt content variation of 0% (Variation 1), 1% (Variation 2), 2% (Variation 3), 3% (Variation 4), and 4% (Variation 5). The result of Marshall Test showed that the addition variation 1 to variation 5 of EVA modified asphalt tend to increase Optimum Asphalt Content, stability value, and Marshall Quotient (MQ) value of AC-WC mixture. Generally, Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures with the addition of EVA modified asphalt gives the best result compared to AC-WC mixture without EVA modified asphalt

THE MODELLING OF EMISSIONS EVALUATION AT ASPHALT MIXING PLANT IN HOT RECYCLING

Transport industry with its infrastructure sector is one the main sources of GreenHouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In parallel, this industry has the main part on gross domestic product of a high transport transit countries with a develop road network. Transport infrastructure (TI) must be continuously developed, improved, and carefully maintained accordingly traffic and goods flow with respect to safety and emissions. Renewable resources, such as Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and energy from sustainable sources are the main accents reducing carbon emissions in the industry. The comparison outlook of different technologies emissions in a Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) with RAP production at Asphalt Mixing Plant (AMP) are presented in this paper. CO2 emissions comparison of different RAP additions models and fuel types was analysed. The calculation model was presented for carbon emissions in most critical GHG generated AM production stage as new aggregates and RAP drying and heating.

Influence of thermal aging and long term-aging on Ni and V content in asphalt fractions and their determination in air particulate matter from asphalt mixing plants

Ni and V can contribute to the deterioration of asphalt pavement by catalyzing the oxidation of some organic molecules present in the binder structure. In this work, the influence of the aging process on Ni and V compounds was studied by comparing the concentration of these two metals in the maltenic and asphaltenic fractions of virgin and aged asphalts. Long-term aging process was simulated by the combination of the rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) and the SUNTEST method. The results showed that up to 56% of Ni and 53% of V were lost after aging. The greatest changes were observed for the acidic subfraction of both maltenes and asphaltenes. RTFOT/SUNTEST process was also compared to thermal aging using an extraction and collection device (DEC). All V losses were due to the emission of its volatile compounds during thermal aging. Ni losses were attributed to both UV–VIS radiation and sample heating. The presented results help to understand the behavior of both metals during asphalt aging, which has important economic value and can be useful to find solutions that delay the aging process. Ni and V were also determined in the organic fraction of air particulate matter from two asphalt mixing plants. Concentrations of Ni and V ranged from 0.42 to 0.84 ng m−3 h−1 and from 0.08 to 1.79 ng m−3 h−1, respectively, showing that the production of asphalt mixtures can contribute to the air pollution through the emission of Ni and V compounds.