Aspects Of Total Quality Management Research Articles

Sustainable development of the company on the basis of soft total quality management

The article is concerned with studying the impact of soft components of total quality management (TQM) on the company’s environmental and social sustainability. The subject of the research is a set of theoretical, methodical and practical recommendations for implementing the concept of total quality management to ensure sustainable development of a company. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and develop practical recommendations for identifying the impact of soft TQM on the sustainable development of a company. Achievement of this goal is ensured by fulfilling the following interrelated tasks: to summarise the existing soft TQM practices in the research of scientists, to allocate the features of soft TQM functioning in Ukrainian companies and their success in achieving environmental and social sustainability, to develop recommendations for improving the level of environmental and social sustainability of companies through the implementation of soft TQM practices. The research used general scientific and special methods of cognition: structural-logical, systemic and process approaches, the method of generalisation and comparison, questionnaires, methods of correlation and regression analysis, logical method, method of tabular presentation of data, scientific generalisation. The following results have been obtained: having analysed the work of scientists on the research’s subject, the work of the European Foundation for Quality Management, the aspects of TQM that cover the company’s business activities, as well as the problems that are specific to each of them, have been identified. To identify the level of implementation of detailed issues, a questionnaire was developed and completed by the heads of 68 Ukrainian companies between November 2022 and March 2023. It included a Likert scale assessment of each of the soft TQM dimensions (business management system, HR practices, continuously evolving processes, leading procurement procedures, stakeholder identification, and product competitiveness) based on 28 statements. Five hypotheses were proposed based on the literature on the research topic and our own analytical developments. The data obtained in the course of the survey were analysed using correlation and regression analyses. The results show that two practices – business management systems and human resource management practices – are related to environmental sustainability, while only the business management system is related to social sustainability. The article provides recommendations for supporting the sustainable development of the company. Conclusions. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of TQM practices in ensuring the sustainability of a company’s activities. The business management system affects both environmental and social sustainability of the company. Human resource management practices have a positive impact on environmental sustainability, but not on social sustainability, i.e. organisational factors are key to achieving environmental sustainability. Raising awareness of sustainability is the best way to promote the implementation of procedures that contribute to sustainability. Other TQM practices, such as continuously evolving processes, leading procurement procedures, stakeholder identification, and competitive products, do not affect a company’s environmental and social sustainability. The article raises topics for future research: why human resource management practices and continuously evolving processes do not affect sustainability. It is appropriate to deepen the case studies to identify the mechanisms by which TQM practices contribute to both environmental and social sustainability.

Strategi Kepala Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di Sekolah Nurul Hasaniah


 One of the elements that can determine the success of an agency or organization is a leader. A leader must be able to manage school administration well so that educational goals are achieved. Leadership in profit and non-profit organizations is a spirit to turn the wheels of empowering the organization. This means that the central role in the organization is never separated from a leader to move the potential that exists within the organization. The shift in the concept of leadership paradigm in this modern age almost equates leadership with power, which can have consequences for the emergence of power malpractice that manifests corruption. As for education, as stated by Edward Sallis that the element of leadership is an important aspect of Total Quality Management in the world of education. Therefore, every leader in an educational institution, be it Elementary School or Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, must really understand their duties and responsibilities well. Leadership in the world of education is one of the things that is very urgent in advancing and improving and improving the achievements of educational institutions. So the key to the success of a school educational institution lies in the concept of complete leadership, complete leadership refers to all school components such as teachers, supervisors and administrators. The principal has an important role in directing as a leader, b ut does not appoint and strengthen the level of leadership integrity. Every educational institution has a different leadership style. Of course, the principal at SD Nurul Hasanah has his own leadership style for managing the Nuruh Hasaniah school in order to improve the quality of education. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach by directly working to monitor the leadership strategy of Nurul Hasaniah Elementary School.
 Keywords : Leadership, Strategy, Education, Principal, School.

The impact of Industry 4.0 technologies and the soft side of TQM on organisational performance: a multiple case study analysis on manufacturing organisations

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore how Industry 4.0 (I40) technologies support workers' engagement in soft total quality management (TQM) practices for organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a multiple case study of six Italian manufacturing organisations that operate with I40 production and implement TQM practices. The authors concentrated on the relationship between I40 technologies and soft TQM aspects.FindingsI40 technologies provide two forms of engagement with workers. Workers can act as machine supervisors and expert assembly operators. Organisations use five soft TQM practices to involve and develop workers for TQM that vary according to automation levels. The five soft TQM practices are top management design around workers, incremental trials with I40 technologies, worker empowerment, I40 sociotechnical collaboration and individual feedback systems.Originality/valueIn the literature that focusses primarily on how I40 technologies support the hard side of TQM by creating a data-driven and automated quality management system, the authors illustrate how the workforce can be engaged in I40 with five soft TQM practices to improve organisational performance. Thus, the authors complement the theory of hard and soft TQM aspects for I40 production systems.

The administrative efficiency of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq Using total quality standards

The importance of this study lies in the topic it deals with, its modernity in the educational administrative field and related to the philosophy of total quality management, and the effectiveness of its application in the field of sports management. Especially in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences. The research problem was to estimate and know the degree of effectiveness of the college's performance using the college's total quality standards. The aim of the research is to know the effectiveness of the performance of the college’s performance using the quality standards when managing the college. The human field included: (Dean of the College, Associate Dean, heads of branches and officials of administrative units) of the College. The descriptive approach was used, which is concerned with describing the various aspects of total quality management and for its relevance with the research procedures. As for the research sample, it was deliberately selected and made up of (the dean of the college, the assistant dean, heads of branches and officials of administrative units) of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Salah al-Din University - Erbil. (42) individuals. To complete the research, the research used the following tools: 1- Scientific sources. 2- A questionnaire form. In this regard, a questionnaire was used for the study (Al-Osaili, Raja Zuhair, 2007) to suit its axes and paragraphs and the nature of this study after presenting it to the experts to find out its adaptation to the environment in which the research is applied. The research reached several conclusions, including: - The efficiency of the administrative body in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Salah al-Din - Erbil - Iraq, is good in terms of planning, method of performing exams, creating an appropriate organizational climate, developing educational means and teaching methods, and changing and developing curricula. - The efficiency of the administrative body in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Salah al-Din - Erbil - Iraq in using information technology is not at the level required to develop the educational performance of the college. The research recommended several recommendations, including: Adopting comprehensive quality standards in the college administration in order to improve its performance level. The college administration adopts the use of modern information and communication technology in planning

Developing a Quality 4.0 Maturity Index for Improved Business Operational Efficiency and Performance

Purpose: Technological advances and increased environmental turbulence require a transition in quality management. The study aimed at developing a Quality 4.0 maturity index for improved business operational efficiency and performance. Methodology/Approach: This conceptual paper introduces a theoretical business evaluative model that allows an integrated analysis of technology-driven, quality management dimensions. The model is based on theoretical and empirical information and describes Quality 4.0 business analysis by a theoretical central business dimensional concept, formal statistical analytical methods and uses these data to assign a maturity index score to the business. Findings: The study builds the Quality 4.0 maturity index following the analysis of seven continuous quality improvement dimensions. The maturity of these dimensions in the business is assessed with a five-point maturity level. The effectiveness of the index should be confirmed with fit as covariation and a composite score for the level of Quality 4.0 maturity. Research Limitation/Implication: The research is based on theory and has not been validated with empirical data. It is recommended that a validation study be conducted based on the approach and guidelines provided in the paper. Originality/Value of paper: The study helped develop a theoretical aspect of total quality management during an era of the fourth industrial revolution. It also aimed at practically benefiting a business by focussing on improved business capacity and capability to mitigate the environmental turbulence associated with pandemics. The paper provides novel work, as it describes one of the first Quality 4.0 maturity index models that may be used to improve business.

Total Quality Management: Konsep Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan

The Indonesian government has made efforts to implement numbers of excellent programs to improve the quality of education. However, the variety of challenges faced by schools effect the lack of optimal competition in the quality of education. The purpose of this article is to analyze and describe the concept of Total Quality Management (TQM) as an effort to improve the quality of education. This article uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach. The TQM concept is one of the concepts that can be applied to improve the quality of education. In applying the TQM concept to education, it is necessary to pay attention to several aspects, namely: (1) focus on graduate users, (2) obsession with quality, (3) scientific approach, (4) teamwork, (5) having a long-term commitment and sustainable, (6) continuous improvement efforts, (7) conducting education and training, (8) common perceptions and goals, (9) having a free and controlled organizational culture, and (10) engaging and empowering human resources. All aspects of TQM must be oriented to the education management system, the behavior of school members, focus on optimal service in order to meet the needs, and desires of the stakeholders.

Total quality management in academic libraries

Quality management is the basis for library management in general. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of Total quality management (TQM) in academic libraries. This paper discusses the various aspects of total quality management like meaning, definition, etc. It also discusses the implementation of TQM in college libraries, its benefits, tools & technicians of TQM, its feature etc. The basic idea of TQM is commitment to continuous improvement. Keywords: Library, Quality, Management, Total quality management.

Pengaruh Implementasi Total Quality Management pada Kinerja Manajerial Perusahaan Otobus Pariwisata di Kota Denpasar

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a modern management concept that seeks to provide an appropriate response to existing changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aspects on TQM, namely focus on customers, obsession with quality, continuous improvement and employee involvement and empowerment on the managerial performance of tourism OC. Respondents in this study were all employees of 8 tourism otobus companies in Denpasar that were determined by the non-probability sampling method, namely saturated sampling. Data collection is done by questionnaire with data analysis techniques, namely multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the analysis shows aspects of TQM namely customer focus, obsession with quality, continuous improvement and employee involvement and empowerment have a positive and significant effect on managerial performance on tourism OCs in Denpasar.
 Keywords: Organizational Theory; Total Quality Management; Managerial Performance.

Mapping the implications and competencies for Industry 4.0 to hard and soft total quality management

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to map the implications and competencies for Industry 4.0 to the hard and soft aspects of total quality management (TQM).Design/methodology/approachThe author/s collected data from purposively drawn samples of early-career engineering professionals (ECEPs) using a cross-sectional survey. A total of 20 ECEPs from three small-class cohorts (2014, 2016 and 2018) participated in the survey. The author/s analyzed data using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test to establish the effect of cohort and gender on the implications and competencies for Industry 4.0. The author/s then mapped the top- and bottom-ranked implications and competencies onto the hard and soft aspects of TQM using a matrix.FindingsBased on the cohort, significant differences p < 0.05 existed in the interests and competencies for Industry 4.0. In congruence, the 2014 cohort had the highest number of “unique” top- and bottom-ranked competencies and implications spanning the hard and soft TQM. Based on gender, nonsignificant differences p < 0.05 existed in the interests and competencies for Industry 4.0. The male and female ECEPs' “common” top-ranked implications appeared under the hard and soft TQM. All their “common” top-ranked competencies appeared under the hard TQM, while all their “common” bottom-ranked competencies appeared under the soft TQM.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size, context/discipline and perceptual data are limitations.Practical implicationsOptimizing an existing TQM framework/matrix to design Industry 4.0 TQM, advanced as TQM 4.0.Originality/valuePerspectives of early-career professionals for TQM 4.0 implementation.

Examining the relationship between soft total quality management (TQM) aspects and employees' job satisfaction in “ISO 9001” Sudanese oil companies

PurposeSoft total quality management (TQM) aspects are the facets of TQM that mainly concern with the management of human resource in a way to achieve the results of employees' job satisfaction. Based on this approach, the objective of this research is to examine the relationship between the most popular five soft TQM aspects and employees' job satisfaction in “ISO 9001” certified Sudanese oil companies.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through questionnaires from employees across a total of five Sudanese oil companies owned by the government, and adopting an ISO-9001 quality program. The total population of the study consists of 1,505 permanent employees, while the sample size was 253 employees, determined by adopting a stratified random sampling technique. The multiple regression model was adopted for data analysis.FindingsThe results showed that the construct of soft TQM aspects including “top management commitment”, “employee empowerment”, “teamwork”, “training and education” and “employee involvement” explain 74% in the variance of employees' job satisfaction. Results showed positive association between soft TQM aspects and employees' job satisfaction at the 5% significance level. It was also found that each individual variable of the five soft TQM aspects has a significant positive association with employees' job satisfaction. Meanwhile, the results indicated that the most important soft TQM aspect in explaining the variability of employees' job satisfaction was the “employee empowerment” with the highest correlation coefficient (β) of (0.189).Practical implicationsThe study recommends that in order to achieve their primary goal of employees' satisfaction, HR practitioners within organizations adopting total quality programs should align their practice in such a way to enhance soft aspects of TQM. Policy makers and top management in order to gain long-term infrastructural benefits obtained from employees' job satisfaction should show a visible support to TQM programs and allocate necessary resources to train their staff in the quality management system that enhance their empowerment and involvement. The study also recommends that since soft aspects of TQM raise their job satisfaction, employees should support and conform to quality management systems within their organizations.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on soft TQM aspects’ practical implementation. The findings make a significant contribution by using ISO-certified governmental Sudanese oil companies and tested the hypothesized model entails the impact of soft TQM implementation and employees' job satisfaction.

Linking soft and hard total quality management practices: evidence from Jordan

The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between the two aspects of total quality management (TQM), soft TQM practices and hard TQM practices in manufacturing organisations. A research project was carried out in Jordanian manufacturing organisations using questionnaire survey. The relationships between the practices were examined through Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analyses. The results showed that the relationship between soft and hard TQM practices is significant. Customer focus has a significant relationship with statistical process control (SPC), while education and training have two significant relationships (SPC and continuous improvement). Top management leadership has three significant relationships (SPC, continuous improvement and product design). Finally, supplier relationship has significant relationships with all hard practices except process management practice. Hence, managers of manufacturing companies should realise the important role of hard practices in implementing soft TQM practices successfully.

Linking soft and hard total quality management practices: evidence from Jordan

The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between the two aspects of total quality management (TQM), soft TQM practices and hard TQM practices in manufacturing organisations. A research project was carried out in Jordanian manufacturing organisations using questionnaire survey. The relationships between the practices were examined through Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analyses. The results showed that the relationship between soft and hard TQM practices is significant. Customer focus has a significant relationship with statistical process control (SPC), while education and training have two significant relationships (SPC and continuous improvement). Top management leadership has three significant relationships (SPC, continuous improvement and product design). Finally, supplier relationship has significant relationships with all hard practices except process management practice. Hence, managers of manufacturing companies should realise the important role of hard practices in implementing soft TQM practices successfully.

(Evaluation of Health Services using Total Quality Management in Sudan during the period 2002-2012 (Khartoum State Hospital Case Study: تقويم الخدمات الصحية باستخدام إدارة الجودة الشاملة بالسودان خلال الفترة من 2002-2012م ( دراسة حالة مستشفى الخرطوم )

This study dealt with the evaluation of health services , in using of Total Quality Management (TQM) in sudan , during the period 2002-2012 . The problem of the study was the face of health service organization in sudan for many of the administrative challenges that caused the failure and inability to grow and that the lack of total quality management in these organizations. The study answered the following question: what is the role of evaluating the total quality of health services? what is the role of tangibles in evaluation of health services ? what is the role of reliability in evaluation of health services ?. The importance of study originated from the great role it plays in the delivery of health services in sudan , through information and data analysis for use .The study aimed to find our whether there is arelationship between the aspects of TQM and the evaluating of health services , and know the criteria for evaluating the health services , and the extent of adoption of the hospitals to TQM criteria , the study adopted the historical and the descriptive analytical methods .The study found anumber of findings , the most important were :and the need to modernize the current medical equipments , and the need to find arelationship between the dimension of the status queue and the evaluation of health services , as there is no relationship between actual status and evaluation of health services . the study came out with anumber of recommendation including that : the hospital administration should update the current medical equipments , the hospital administration must abide its duty towards patients in the provision of health services and setting atimetable for patients that sets deadlines to provide the apentic services to them .

ВПЛИВ ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЯКІСТЮ (СУЯ) НА КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ КОНДИТЕРСЬКОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

The modern interpretation of the product quality concept goes beyond just technical characteristics of manufactured products and is becoming closer to the concept of competitiveness. This approach is supported by a number of international ISO series standards. The main aspects of the ISO 9001: 2015 standard, and the effect of the total quality management (TQM) implementation are considered in this article. Namely, effect of TQM implementation includes reducing unnecessary resource costs, increasing the number of customers, sales growing, reducing the risk of wrong decisions, the risk of dependence on individual employees, and more. The introduction of TQM is the potential to obtain significant effects that form the basis of enterprise competitiveness. The article substantiates the division of competitiveness indicators into "external" or obvious, and "internal" or hidden, and provides a list of such indicators. Respectively, the official recognition of the organization’s total quality management through certification is aimed at improving the "external" indicators of competitiveness, such as image, brand loyalty, the commitment of consumers and contractors, and more. The article demonstrates the relationship between TQM aspects, expected effects, and competitiveness indicators. It was visualized that the deep implementation of TQM allows increasing the "internal" or hidden characteristics of competitiveness, namely the satisfaction degree of individual needs, financial characteristics, level of innovativeness, productivity, etc. The article presents the research results that are based on the example of competitiveness evaluating of Ukrainian confectionery enterprises. The matrix method and the construction of the competitiveness polygon were used. The impact of the TQM implementation on the competitiveness through the growth of a group of indicators and ensuring the development and strengthening of market positions of the Kharkiv company "Sweet World Shoud'e" was noted.

The impact of soft TQM and hard TQM on innovation performance: the moderating effect of organisational culture

Literature increasingly recognises the importance of organisational culture when implementing operations management practices. This paper examines the relationships among quality, innovation, and organisational culture under a moderation model. The research model is constructed based on well-established theories of competing values framework (CVF) and total quality management (TQM). A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 106 ISO 9000-certified manufacturers where data were collected from senior managers with sufficient knowledge. Partial least square analysis indicates that: 1) innovation is influenced mainly by adopting soft (organisational) TQM elements and secondarily hard (process) TQM elements; 2) innovation organisational culture has a stronger moderating influence on process-related TQM than on organisational TQM, although its interactions are mostly insignificant. Therefore, practitioners are advised to emphasise the organisational aspect of TQM rather than process-related practices when assessing the innovation performance of an organisation. The findings recommend firms to have a balanced view on cultures in organisations.

After 20 years, what has remained of TQM?

Purpose – Many Brazilian organizations have adopted total quality management (TQM). However, this model has lost prominence in academic and business environments. The purpose of this paper is to determine which aspects of TQM have endured over 20 years. Design/methodology/approach – With descriptive and exploratory objectives, this study used case studies of four companies that have adopted TQM, using temporal and comparative approaches in Brazil. The analysis explores the transcendence of disseminated aspects of TQM. Findings – The results revealed 19 percent disuse of TQM practices, 28 percent disuse of TQM tools and 57 percent disuse of TQM methodologies. However, the principles of TQM showed an average use of 96 percent, i.e. the predominant management philosophy remains part of the organizational environment of the companies. Although many practices, tools and methodologies are not described or named in the same way, their essence remains preserved and other practices, tools and methodologies have been incorporated into the automated systems of the companies. Research limitations/implications – Simple statistical tools are used as we use an exploratory and qualitative approach (with just four samples), making generalizations impossible. For future research the authors suggest a more quantitative approach using more complex statistical tools. Originality/value – The originality is demonstrated by the investigation of the cases of disuse, which contradicts most studies that analyze success stories. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of how certain aspects of the models or “fads” survive or disappear over time.

Impact analysis of TQM's hard aspects on sigma level in electronics and telecommunication production process

Appropriate operation of organisation processes in order to optimise usage of available resources, have an important role for increasing the enterprises competitiveness. One of the important factors to determine the right performance is the sigma level which defines the deviation from the objectives of each process and seeks to reduce the process variability. Therefore, organisations are looking to maximise the reduction of variability and their ultimate goal is providing a methodology framework as Six Sigma. On the other hand, total quality management (TQM), focuses on the hard and soft of managerial aspects and looking to performing correct processes of the organisation to achieve customer satisfaction. Combining these two concepts and tools of quality, help in increasing the efficiency of each process and the competitiveness of enterprises. This research, by checking the hard aspect of total quality management, have identified independent variables affecting process sigma level in the production of electronic and telecommunications industries and with using obtained data from sampling and analysis on similar products and performing regression, the impact of these variables on process sigma level are to be ranked. Finally, based on this method the sigma level has risen 0.3 that shows nearly 8% improvement.

The implementation of total quality management at vocational high schools in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in public and private vocational high schools in the city of Yogyakarta, as well as to compare the level of implementation between public and private vocational high schools. The TQM aspects observed include infrastructures and facilities, quality of improvement, quality of teachers, quality of examination system and academic background of teachers graduated from vocational high schools. This exploratory study is descriptive in which the result can be used as an input as well as improvements in reflection of the future. These subjects were teachers and students. The primary data were collected through a questionnaire while other data were collected through observation and interviews. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive and statistics t-test. The analysis finds that TQM has been implemented by vocational schools, public and private, in the city of Yogyakarta. The Application levels differed significantly (t-value = 9.204, p-value = 0.0001), where the public schools are able to implement at a very good level, while private schools are at a good level. The differences in the application of TQM occur in all measurable aspects, namely infrastructures and facilities access, quality of improvement, quality of teachers, quality of examination system and academic background of teachers graduated from vocational high schools. Specifically, on aspects of infrastructures and facilities of the access, although on average they significantly differ, categorically they are in the same level. The differences are not too large. The result of observation in the field during the study shows that the state vocational already maximally implement TQM, while in the private vocational schools, it is lower due to the limited resources in private schools.

From IMS and six sigma toward TQM: an empirical study from Serbia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the current status of a quality management practice in Serbia, in terms of the development and application of integrated managements systems (IMS), and research and implementation of Six Sigma and the related techniques. Design/methodology/approach – Two main aspects of total quality management (TQM) have been considered: institutional (organisational or strategic) aspect that corresponds to standardised management systems and their integration, and technical (quality engineering) aspect whose main contributor is Six Sigma. The findings of a comprehensive study on IMS implementation in Serbia have been presented, based on the results of a questionnaire that was sent to 54 organisations during 2013. Also, the significant technical improvements and tangible benefits of a recently conducted Six Sigma project were shown, including the application of the advanced quality engineering techniques within DMAIC method. Findings – Good QM practice in Serbia is improving, both in terms of the organisational (IMS) and technical (Six Sigma) aspect, that server as a good basis for the adoption of TQM in manufacturing companies from various sectors. It could be anticipated that these results will facilitate the adoption of an overall TQM culture in Serbia and leverage its future sustainability. Originality/value – This paper offers key insights into IMS and Six Sigma implementation in Serbia. This could encourage manufacturing organisations in developing countries to adopt IMS and Six Sigma, in order to boost the overall TQM culture and gain a competitive advantage.

Understanding Total Quality Management in Context: Qualitative Research on Managers’ Awareness of TQM Aspects in the Greek Service Industry

This study addresses managers’ awareness and familiarity with Total Quality Management (TQM). Eighteen (18) semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with managers working in a variety of service organizations in Greece. The major argument of the study is that although the acronym TQM and some of its concepts and practices are known by a range of public and private sector managers, actual awareness of its “soft” side is often superficial, and managers have a relatively poor understanding of it. TQM is neither resisted nor directly absorbed by them, but they tend to see it from the technical point of view, being aware only of the importance of its “hard” aspects.