Persuasive Aspects Research Articles

The difficulty of seeing the world differently: a pedagogical and ethical aspect of moral persuasion

ABSTRACT This study examines the grammar of moral persuasion that leads to moral outlook transformation, exploring Cora Diamond’s insights in the ‘difficulty of reality’ (2008) and Wittgenstein’s concept of aspect change. Using J. M. Coetzee’s The Lives of Animals, Diamond illustrates the gulf between the character’s experiences and the audience’s interpretive deflections, highlighting the limitations of rational arguments in moral persuasion. Drawing on Wittgenstein, Diamond argues that we should imaginatively consider what seems nonsense as sense and understand the speaker’s intention to communicate. By comparing how reasons work in ethics to Wittgenstein’s methods, this study emphasizes both the difficulty educators face in persuading students to notice aspects they are blind to and the responsibility of educators to acknowledge seemingly nonsensical sentences uttered in children’s voices. It underscores the role of imaginative engagement and educators’ responsibility to share children’s sensitivities to our shared world in ethical and pedagogical approaches to moral persuasion.

Copernicus’ Rhetoric: Arguments for Heliocentrism in the Early 16th Century

It is commonly acknowledged that Copernicus and his publications were pivotal in initiating the scientific revolution, an era marked by continuous innovation and revolutionary ideas in science and natural philosophy. However, Copernicus also brought forward another revolution, using rhetoric in science as a powerful tool to persuade a skeptical public. Both natural sciences and philosophy have prided themselves on a rigorous and objective approach to acquiring knowledge about nature. This ideal scientific method has been a cornerstone of scientific inquiry for centuries. However, ironically, scientific publications are considered literature and contain distinctive rhetoric that persuades readers beyond logical reasoning and experimentation. Two of Copernicus’ works, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium) and Little Commentary (Commentariolus), are distinguished examples of such a phenomenon. By investigating the application and effect of rhetoric in Copernicus’ works, one can gain insights into the persuasive aspects of scientific communication while highlighting the sociocultural obstacles Copernicus faced during his time.

Wearable Clothing Drop Box Design Using Persuasive Design Approach

The phenomenon of fast fashion (the trend of dressing in a short period of just six months to two years) is a trend that occurs today. This trend raises the problem of stacking clothes. Clothes that are not reused should be used and distributed to others in need or known as the recycling concept. This study aims to design a drop box that can collect and distribute suitable clothes by using Persuasive Design approach. Dropbox is used to improve the concept of sustainability of clothing products. The initial stage of the study was an interview to explore the target of user behaviour in using clothes and explore the inhibiting factors experienced by users due to confusion in distributing their used clothes. Affective design approach is chosen by applying tunnelling, reduction and conditioning technology methods. Dropbox design built in a physical and digital display of the product. The product evaluation process using Usability Testing with the results obtained an efficiency rate of 100%, an effectiveness of 90.625%, and a System Usability Score (SUS) of 83.44, showing that the prototype has good usability. In the persuasive aspect, namely effectiveness, quality, and capability, average values of 5.75, 6.125, and 5.958 were obtained. Improvement recommendations are made based on the results of evaluation by respondents, namely make a clear information at drop box product and display improvement.

Persuasion: Theoretic Conceptual Valences

The modern age has subordinated the whole society, imposing a model in which the individual should deliver not only content, but also form. The process of persuasion is applied daily, in everyday institutional and social contexts, etc., with the aim of convincing the other to believe, think and/or act in a certain way, to accept the “form”. The content disseminated in the public space often includes a persuasive valence, that is why is important to know the conceptual and functional aspects of persuasion, in order to be able to elaborate broad and complex analyses of media or advertising discourse. Persuasion is a complex process, through which an individual tries to influence/convince another individual or a group to adopt a certain opinion, behavior or action. The purpose of persuasion is to convince a person or a group of people, in order to change certain perceptions, attitudes, preferences, behaviors regarding a certain product, service, current, person, etc., according to their interests or desires or/and the goals of the sender, that is, the one trying to persuade. In the specialized literature, persuasion is defined as "the art of influencing positively", being used in various spheres such as: advertising, public relations, communication, marketing, politics, etc., applied both in a private setting, in an institutional one or even in the public one.

Exploring self-efficacy beliefs of Pre-Service Teachers: An evidence from biological science education program in Bangladesh

Teacher education program equips teachers with skills and competencies for teaching-learning process. An essential part of teacher education program is referred to as practicum. The context of Bangladesh is mostly speculative and theoretical, dealing with concepts of belief and practice of science teachers in classroom only. However, the aim of this is to explore whether the practicum experiences of pre-service teachers (PSTs) in biological science education contribute to shaping and developing self-efficacy beliefs. A qualitative approach with documentary research was adopted for this study. The portfolio of nine PSTs along with interview were used as the principal sources of data. The result reveals that during practicum, the biological science education program has contributed to all the four aspects of self-efficacy beliefs, naming, mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states. This study highlights the need for biological science education to offer various circumstances to further self-efficacy beliefs. Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.147-165

A Study of Sarcasm of TV Series Friends

The objectives of this study were to find out 1) The types of sarcasm in TV Series Friends, and 2) The purpose of sarcasm in TV Series Friends. The data were analyzed in descriptive qualitative research. The data of this research were from the utterance of Friends’ cast or character. The data were taken from all the words, phrases, clauses, sentences in Friends transcript which available on the internet. The result of this research showed that 1) there were four types of sarcasm are used by Friends’ character, namely: like-prefixed sarcasm with a total number 9 utterances (21.4%), lexical sarcasm with a total number 11 utterances (26.2%), propositional sarcasm with total 16 utterances (38.1%), and illocutionary 6 utterances (14.3%). 2) There were five purposes of sarcasm are used by Friends’ character, namely: sophistication with a total number 19 utterances (45.2%), evaluation with a total number 5 utterances (11.9%), tool for politeness with a total 5 utterances (11.9%), the persuasive aspect with a total number 7 utterances (16.7%), retract ability with a total 1 utterance (2.4%) and group affiliation with a total number 5 utterances (11.9%).

Approaches to the Analysis of Metadiscourse Features in Political Discourse

Metadiscourse features play a decisive role in the attainment of persuasion in different discourse domains and genres. Political genres, generally linked to the formal expression of viewpoints by national and international leaders, displays a vast amount of metadiscourse features aimed at persuading large audiences. This article offers a critical review of some important approaches to the study of metadiscourse traits in political discourse. The paper is organized as follows: (1) an introduction to the concept of metadiscourse and its potential as an analytical framework for the study of persuasion; (2) a description of contemporary political discourse, highlighting some current characteristics of political genres; (3) a discussion of the main approaches to the examination of political genres from a metadiscoursal perspective; and (4) conclusions on the strengths and shortcomings of the abovementioned approaches as regards the exploration of persuasive aspects in contemporary political talk.

The Use of Persuasive Appeals in Iraqi Covid-19 Selected News Reports

In 2020, Covid-19 was the primary subject of discussion in the international media. Numerous news articles have been written about it, making it worthy for scholars and researchers to investigate in order to elucidate the linguistic characteristics that are used in such news. Accordingly, this study aims at presenting the theoretical aspects of persuasion and rhetoric. In addition, it demonstrates Lucas’ (2009) three persuasive appeals – ethos, logos, and pathos – as well as identifies and reveals their use and efficiency in Iraqi Covid-19 news articles published by Almada Newspaper and BAGHDADTODAY.NEWS. The findings of the present study suggest that the three rhetorical appeals are employed differently in the two types of data. More importantly, the three appeals are much more effective in the English data than in the Arabic data.

Persuasive Function of Sound Figures in Augustine’s Homilies on the Psalms of Ascents and Their Translation into Modern Languages

Augustine’s sermons and exegetical homilies have been recently studied by modern scholars not only from the point of view of their contents but also their rhetorical form. This is true especially in those cases where we deal with authentic speeches reflecting the language culture of his audience. One of the most characteristic features of Augustine’s homiletic style is antithetic parallelism which occurs frequently in his homilies on Psalms and results from the author’s own way of thinking. Here we do not deal that much with the biblical parallelism of thought, present in the Hebrew poetry, particularly in Psalms, prophetic speeches, etc., but rather with that which was introduced in Greek by Gorgias, i.e., parallelism of words and sentence structure (parallelismus membrorum). Antithetic parallelism is often accompanied by rhyme (Gr. homoioteleuton) or by assonance. This phenomenon might be observed already in Indo-European poetics but in the rhetorical context of Augustine’s anti-Donatist preaching it serves quite different purposes. By using these and other sound figures (like alliteration, repetition, anaphora, epiphora, etc.) the bishop of Hippo wants not only to please his audience but also to instruct them and, first and foremost, persuade them to return to the Catholic church. Does he use these figures spontaneously imitating the folk culture of his audience, or is he constantly aware of their persuasive force? These and other related questions have already captured attention of several Augustinian scholars of the last decades, so in the present paper we would like to contribute to this foregoing discussion focusing mostly on the persuasive aspect of selected sound figures occurring in Augustine’s Enarrationes in Psalmos 119-133. Moreover, our aim is to show to which extent they were a part of bishop’s thoroughly considered plan of his homilies, and finally we would like to point out the importance of preserving at least some of these figures in modern translations of Augustine’s homilies.

Transdisciplinary engaged learning

This study highlights an innovative educational project entitled ‘Dynamic Teaching through Communication Skills’ as well as forming part of joint initiative for Erasmus + Communities and Students Together (CaST) 2019-1-UK01-KA203-061463. The pilot study shows that there are many ways to approach teaching across the disciplines with Engaged Learning. The proposal includes discussions on the practical methodologyof integrated content and language in higher education. While bringing real worldproblem solving into the Health Engineering degree, the chapter underscores aspects of persuasion and pitch development within the paradigm of English as a LinguaFranca.

Public Relations Officer on Screen: An Analysis of Professional Practices of Public Relations Officers in the Industry

This study attempts to dissect the tendency to depict public relations institutions in the films produced by Warner Bros and Columbia Pictures. These two production houses are listed as the companies that most often release new films in America. Characters who have profiles as public relations institutions appear in films produced by different production houses. The research will be conducted by taking film samples in the 2010-2019 period. The selection of this year's range is based on previous studies that also used content analysis to look for trends in the depiction of the public relations profession in films in the period 1990-2000 and 2000-2009. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive type and uses the method of content analysis. The results show that there are differences in content on the characteristics of the PR profession, the type of campaign in The Social Network and Our Brand is Crisis films. Then on the indicators of the aspect of persuasion, there are similarities from the aspect of persuasion used in the practice of the PR profession.

The Impact of Endorsements on Sales Turnover Msme Business in Bandar Lampung City

Background: Technological developments are currently widely used by business actors to promote their products, with the convenience desired by buyers, of course, this is a solution for MSME entrepreneurs for business development. The use of endorsements is one alternative that can be tried to increase sales turnover.
 
 Objective: This study aims to determine the extent of the role of teachers in implementing inclusive education services at SMAN 6 Bandung.
 
 Method: This research was conducted using a survey using the help of a google form on 100 respondents of MSME entrepreneurs who used endorsements as assistance for promoting MSME businesses in Bandar Lampung City. This type of research uses a quantitative type of research using a descriptive format. The data collected in the analysis used quantitative descriptive and qualitative descriptive methods by utilizing descriptive statistical tools and tables of single frequencies and cross frequencies. Decision-making is seen from the number of percentage results if more than 50% is interpreted as a variable that has an impact on MSMEs.
 
 Results: The results of this study obtained the use of promotion using social media with the help of endorsers to promote products owned by MSMEs greatly affect the information aspect, persuasive aspect, repetition aspect, and sales turnover to develop and compete with other MSMEs. 
 
 Conclusion: This study focuses on the impact of the effect of endorsements on MSME turnover, especially on sales volume and profit. The use of promotion using social media with the help of endorsers to promote products owned by MSMEs has a great impact on information aspects, persuasive aspects, repetition aspects, and sales turnover to develop and compete with other MSMEs.

Dual routes or a one-way to persuasion? The elaboration likelihood model versus the unimodel

ABSTRACT The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), as a dual-process approach to theorizing attitude formation and persuasion phenomena, has garnered popularity and praise since its inception by Petty and Cacioppo in 1979. Nevertheless, several accounts pointing to some deficiencies of the ELM have ultimately emerged. Particularly, the ELM limitations paved the way for the introduction of an alternative model of persuasion, namely the unimodel. In this paper, by confronting these two competing persuasion models, we endeavor to bring about an answer to the ubiquitous question of whether the attitude change phenomenon is better explained by a single- or dual-process. The main outcomes of this confrontation are: (1) the unimodel cannot rectify the alleged conceptual limitations of the ELM, (2) the unimodel does not explain aspects of persuasion that cannot be allowed by the ELM, (3) the qualitative distinction between persuasion processes is very instrumental in understanding when and how attitude change occurs, (4) a single-process view cannot actually advance our understanding the persuasion phenomenon, and (5) the so-called conceptual limitations of the ELM are invalid. Accordingly, the article concludes in favor of the ELM as a major contribution to explaining attitude change and persuasion phenomena.

Comparative Study of the Selectivity Power of Colorimetric Method Over Chromatographic Methods for the Analysis of Valaciclovir Hydrochloride.

Valaciclovir hydrochloride (VAL) is an essential antiviral prodrug used to cure various types of herpes. Analysis of VAL by different analytical techniques demonstrates a persuasive aspect that is favorable in quality control application. This study describes a comparison between colorimetric and chromatographic (RP-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometric) methods concerning selectivity and specificity for the determination of VAL in all possible degradation products (alkali- and acid-induced degradation products, namely aciclovir [ACI] and guanine [GUA], respectively) in their synthetic mixture and pharmaceutical formulations. The colorimetric method was accomplished by forming a highly colored complex with ferric hydroxamate reagent measured at 493 nm in the concentration range (0.20-1.60 mg/mL). Both chromatographic methods were successfully applied using ultraviolet (UV) detection at 256 nm in the concentration range (2.00-5.00 µg/mL) for the RP-HPLC method and (10.00-900.00 ng/band) for the TLC-densitometric method. The linearity studies, regression equations, assay parameters, and validation sheet of the proposed colorimetric and chromatographic methods to determine VAL were obtained with highly acceptable values. The International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines were followed to validate the described methods and the statistical comparison regarding both accuracy and precision, and satisfactory results were accomplished. In this study, we configure a full comparative study between different analytical methods for the analysis of challengeable mixture containing the drug of interest, VAL, along with its degradation products, ACI and GUA.

Intertextuality and Tradition

Intertextuality and Tradition

Zwroty grzecznościowe w korespondencji prywatnej na Śląsku Cieszyńskim końca XIX i pierwszej połowy XX wieku

The study presents the results of the analysis of verbal politeness in private letters. The persuasive aspect was taken into account. The paper concentrates on unpublished let­ters and greeting cards written by inhabitants of Teschen Silesia from the 1894–1952 period. The study shows a local model of politeness. Complying with the rules, the sender of private letters can affect the recipient more efficiently.

Development of Motion Graphic as Education Material for Promoting Shipping Industry Using EPIC Model Testing

Education related to problems in the shipping industry to the general public who have no background in the shipping industry and activities when ships dock at the port becomes a challenge to conduct research. This research develops multimedia motion graphics to combine graphic design, animation, text, and sound in visualizing materials and activities in the shipping industry. Stages of making multimedia start from ideas, narration, storyboard, tracing, editing, rendering, and testing. The research uses the EPIC Model testing by paying attention to aspects of empathy, persuasion, impact, and communication. The results of testing the effectiveness of the EPIC model obtained an EPIC rate of 4.15, which means that the resulting motion graph falls within the effective range criteria.
 
 Index terms— multimedia; motion graphic; EPIC model; effectiveness

Original Sin and the Fall: Five Views

Original Sin and the Fall: Five Views

The teacher as persuader: On the application of Wittgenstein’s notion of ‘persuasion’ in educational practice

Wittgenstein’s conception of ‘persuasion’, understood as the persuader’s attempt to modify the persuadee’s certainties, has been recently misinterpreted by some scholars. For Persichetti has overlooked the fact that one cannot persuade unintentionally, while Marconi and Perissinotto have not only taken for granted that persuasion consists in the mere transfer of a world-picture or set of certainties to an individual even when she has not alternative or different certainties, but also that education is restricted to persuading or transmitting certainties. After clarifying these misinterpretations, among others, I argue that persuasion is not used for teaching certainties at the outset, but for modifying them when they do not fit the ones expected by the persuader. If it is agreed that education partly consists in transmitting a world-picture, then persuasion constitutes a necessary resource for educators. Lastly, I provide a set of guidelines for teachers to draw attention to the basic aspects of persuasion that they should consider in the classroom.

Interpreting the Rhetoric of Visual Advertisements.

Visual media have important persuasive power, but prior computer vision approaches have predominantly ignored the persuasive aspects of images. In this work, we propose a suite of data and techniques that enable progress on understanding the messages that visual advertisements convey. We make available a dataset of 64,832 image ads and 3,477 video ads, annotated with ten types of information: the topic and sentiment of the ad; whether it is funny, exciting, or effective; what action it prompts the viewer to do, and what arguments it provides for why this action should be taken; symbolic associations that the ad relies on; the metaphorical object transformations on which especially creative ads rely; and the climax in video ads. We develop methods that use multimodal cues, i.e., both visuals and slogans, for both the image and video domains. Our methods rely on finding poignant content spatially and temporally. We also examine the creative story construction in ads: for videos, we learn to predict when the climax occurs (if any), and how effective the story is; for images, we analyze how object transformations in ads metaphorically depict product properties.