Aspects Of Biomedical Engineering Research Articles

High-strength, antibacterial, antioxidant, hemostatic, and biocompatible chitin/PEGDE-tannic acid hydrogels for wound healing

Natural polymer hydrogels are widely used in various aspects of biomedical engineering, such as wound repair, owing to their abundance and biosafety. However, the low strength and the lack of function restricted their development and application scope. Herein, we fabricated novel multifunctional chitin/PEGDE-tannic acid (CPT) hydrogels through chemical- and physical-crosslinking strategies, using chitin as the base material, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) and tannic acid (TA) as crosslinking agents, and 90 % ethanol as the regenerative bath. CPT hydrogels maintained a stable three-dimensional porous structure with suitable water contents and excellent biocompatibility. The mechanical properties of hydrogels were greatly improved (tensile stress up to 5.43 ± 1.14 MPa). Moreover, CPT hydrogels had good antibacterial, antioxidant, and hemostatic activities and could substantially promote wound healing in a rat model of full-thickness skin defect by regulating inflammatory responses and promoting collagen deposition and blood vessel formation. Therefore, this work provides a useful strategy to fabricate novel multifunctional CPT hydrogels with excellent mechanical, antibacterial, antioxidant, hemostatic, and biocompatible properties. CPT hydrogels could be promising candidates for wound healing.

Research progress, models and simulation of electrospinning technology: a review.

In recent years, nanomaterials have aroused extensive research interest in the world's material science community. Electrospinning has the advantages of wide range of available raw materials, simple process, small fiber diameter and high porosity. Electrospinning as a nanomaterial preparation technology with obvious advantages has been studied, such as its influencing parameters, physical models and computer simulation. In this review, the influencing parameters, simulation and models of electrospinning technology are summarized. In addition, the progresses in applications of the technology in biomedicine, energy and catalysis are reported. This technology has many applications in many fields, such as electrospun polymers in various aspects of biomedical engineering. The latest achievements in recent years are summarized, and the existing problems and development trends are analyzed and discussed.

Aspects of Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology

The Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (BMEBT) is an interdisciplinary program that includes various courses e.g., bioengineering, biology, chemistry, biochemistry, computer information science, electrical and computer engineering, mathematics, mechanical engineering, and medical laboratory science.

Three Dimensional Slip Flow of a Chemically Reacting Casson Fluid Flowing over a Porous Slender Sheet with a Non-Uniform Heat Source or Sink

In this paper, we propose a mathematical model to analyze the effect of a non-uniform heat source or sink on chemically reacting magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid flowing across a slendering sheet. A chemically reacting fluid with multiple slips has various applications in controlling heating and mass transport phenomena such as biological reactants being converted to products, biomedical signal processing and image processing to establish a dynamic area of specialization in research aspects of biomedical engineering. For these reasons multiple slips (diffusion, thermal and momentum slips) are applied in modeling the heat and mass transfer process. The non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration method. The characteristics of the velocity, temperature and concentration boundary layers are presented for different physical parameters such as space and temperature-dependent heat source or sink parameter, porosity parameter, chemical reaction parameter, velocity slip parameter, and temperature and concentration jump parameters. Moreover, the skin friction coefficient, and the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers have been estimated for different parameters are discussed from an engineering point of view. We found a significant increase in thickness of the thermal and concentration boundary layer when the strength of the thermophoresis parameter is increased. In contrast, the thermal boundary layer increases with increasing the Brownian motion parameter while the reverse trend holds true for the concentration field.

General aspects of Biomedical Engineering

General aspects of Biomedical Engineering

Advances in biomedical signal and image processing – A systematic review

Abstract Biomedical signal and image processing establish a dynamic area of specialization in both academic as well as research aspects of biomedical engineering. The concepts of signal and image processing have been widely used for extracting the physiological information in implementing many clinical procedures for sophisticated medical practices and applications. In this paper, the relationship between electrophysiological signals, i.e., electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional image processing and their derived interactions have been discussed. Examples have been investigated in various case studies such as neurosciences, functional imaging, and cardiovascular system, by using different algorithms and methods. The interaction between the extracted information obtained from multiple signals and modalities seems to be very promising. The advanced algorithms and methods in the area of information retrieval based on time-frequency representation have been investigated. Finally, some examples of algorithms have been discussed in which the electrophysiological signals and functional images have been properly extracted and have a significant impact on various biomedical applications.

Neural Prosthesis for Recovery of Impaired Cognitive Function: Bridging the Gap Between Concept and Reality

Biomedical signal and image processing establish a dynamic area of specialization in both academic as well as research aspects of biomedical engineering. The concepts of signal and image processing have been widely used for extracting the physiological information in implementing many clinical procedures for sophisticated medical practices and applications. In this paper, the relationship between electrophysiological signals, i.e., electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional image processing and their derived interactions have been discussed. Examples have been investigated in various case studies such as neurosciences, functional imaging, and cardiovascular system, by using different algorithms and methods. The interaction between the extracted information obtained from multiple signals and modalities seems to be very promising. The advanced algorithms and methods in the area of information retrieval based on time-frequency representation have been investigated. Finally, some examples of algorithms have been discussed in which the electrophysiological signals and functional images have been properly extracted and have a significant impact on various biomedical applications.

Cooperation and competition [From the Editor

One of the great aspects of biomedical engineering and life science in general is that all of us who are practitioners for the most part work together. The scientific enterprise is devoted to a better understanding of our world and, through that understanding, improving the quality of life of the world's population. We do this by learning from each other and each of us adding something to what we have learned. We learn by reading, listening to, and exchanging the ideas with our colleagues in the field. Most scientists and engineers not only carry out this type of exchange with colleagues in their own field but also look to other areas of knowledge as well.

Osteoporosis: New biomedical engineering aspects

There is tremendous interest of research which surrounds the concept of "osteoporosis," as shown by the intense and growing research activity in the field. The urgency to advance knowledge in this area is motivated by the need to understand not only the causes, diagnosis and treatment but also need for early identification or detection of this silent disease. Despite the various researches work is going on, important issues remain unresolved. In this paper, Osteoporosis has also been discussed with respect to biological, engineering, biochemical and physical aspects. The diagnostic and therapeutic techniques have been described for osteoporosis, for better health care. The novelty of the review paper lies in clarifying several myths, explaining the disease in details with biomedical engineering aspects and focuses on the several detection techniques, providing a new direction for early diagnosis of this deadly disease and gives new directions for the POCT device for Osteoporosis.

Valentinuzzi ME: Understanding the Human Machine, A Primer for Bioengineering

The book Understanding the Human Machine, A Primer for Bioengineering embraces various aspects of biomedical engineering as an essential resource book for physical scientists, engineers and biomedical students. The book interfaces physiologic systems with engineering principles to capture the important concepts from a plethora of facts in field of biomedical sciences. Humors, exercise, history of biomedical discovery and elements of humility continuously emerge throughout the book; thereby, enhancing the self-taught approach for the new comers. The Introduction reflects the author's philosophy and advice for the readers from his accumulated wisdom and experience in teaching bioengineering. In Chapter 2, the author used the system approach to intertwine cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, nervous and muscular systems. The organization is timely and effective in the era of systems biology and the emerging research towards predictive and preventive medicine. The system approach in Chapter 2 paves the way for detecting signal output from the physiologic systems. Biosensors are illustrated to measure electric signals from the visual, auditory and olfactory systems as well as the heart, brain, and muscle. The integration of electric circuits using the classic examples such as the Wheatstone bridge and operational amplifiers provides the frame work for signal acquisition and processing. Finally, the author completed the book with a touch of bioinformatics in the post genomic era. In general, the book is comprehensive and succinct, readable and interesting. The presented material spans from the fundamental principles to the applications of bioengineering. Certain areas will improve the quality of this book for the readership of undergraduates and new comers to bioengineering. Some figures are difficult to understand as a result of small captions (eg. figs 2.11 and 3.19). Others are old and lack clear labeling (eg. Figs. 2.52 and 3.15). Tissue engineering deserves a paragraph. Analogous to nanotechnology, a link to a tissue engineering website would be helpful for the readers. A paragraph on molecular engineering involving proteins, DNA and RNA molecules would enhance the balance between classic bioengineering and the emerging fields. The readers would be intrigued if the book ends with a paragraph introducing Bio-MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems), bionanotechnology, molecular imaging, and surface chemistry. Overall, Understanding the Human Machine, A Primer for Bioengineering is a very useful book that highlights the fusion between organ systems and engineering principles. I would recommend this book as an introduction to bioengineering and a reference for students from physical science, engineering and life science.

Golden accomplishments in biomedical engineering.

The 50th anniversary of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS) is an appropriate time to look back at the origins and growth of both the field of biomedical engineering and the EMBS. The present account gives most attention to the aspects of biomedical engineering to which IEEE members (and, earlier, American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) members and Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) members) contributed, which is to say that this account emphasizes the electrical, electronic, and computing aspects of biomedical engineering. Topics covered include: history of the technologies; the roots of biomedical engineering; prehistory and history of the profession; biomedical applications of the computer; health care; ultrasound technology; new means of medical imaging; endoscopy, lasers, and fear of electromagnetic fields; study of human metabolism; the Human Genome Project, robotics, and internationalization; and forecasting progress in biomedical engineering.

Historical aspects of biomedical engineering: a perspective from recent work in the sociology of technology.

(1993). Historical aspects of biomedical engineering: a perspective from recent work in the sociology of technology. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology: Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 170-172.

Biomedical engineering aspects of electrical stimulation of respiration

Biomedical engineering aspects of electrical stimulation of respiration

Biomedical engineering aspects of electrical stimulation of respiration

Biomedical engineering aspects of electrical stimulation of respiration

Biomedical engineering aspects of spinal cord stimulation.

Problems of spinal cord stimulation for modification of motor performance are discussed, based on presentations by representatives of the major stimulator manufacturers. Addressed were problems of electrode fixation, durability, energy requirements, and size. Trade-offs involved in the design and manufacture of various systems were also discussed. Design features and parameters identified were small size, totally implantable, good control of stimulus current, rates of stimulation variable from 20 to 1,400 Hz, current range of 2-12 mA, and a pulse width of 100-500 ms. Improvements are needed in all aspects of system performance, but particularly with respect to lead durability and electrode design. Future units may utilize feedback of physiological parameters for more optimal stimulus control.