Ascariasis In Children Research Articles

Оцінка ефективності лікування кишкової форми аскаридозу в дітей

Актуальність. Паразитарні захворювання і в XXI столітті залишаються одним із найбільш частих видів патології і є медико­соціальною проблемою. З числа виявлених гельмінтозів 90 % випадків реєструються в дитячого населення. Найбільш часто зустрічається аскаридоз та ентеробіоз. Важливим є комплексний підхід до корекції порушень, викликаних як прийомом антигельмінтних препаратів, так і присутністю гельмінтів в організмі. Мета: оцінити ефективність комплексного лікування кишкового аскаридозу в дітей. Матеріали та методи. В основу роботи покладено результати обстеження 178 дітей віком від 3 до 18 років із кишковою формою аскаридозу. Діагностика аскаридозу здійснювалася за допомогою копрологічного дослідження та методу концентрування Parasep. Із обстежених дітей було сформовано дві групи: I група (n = 99) отримувала альбендазол (200–400 мг на добу) в комплексній терапії аскаридозу (антигістамінний препарат, сорбент, пробіотик), II група (n = 80), окрім стандартної схеми, отримувала додатково препарат Ворміл Фіто. Результати. Середня тривалість купірування больового синдрому в дітей групи порівняння становила 3,6 ± 0,2 дня, основної групи — 2,6 ± 0,9 дня, p < 0,001. Прояви диспептичного синдрому нівелювались упродовж 5,3 ± 0,3 дня у дітей групи порівняння та 4,3 ± 0,2 дня — у дітей основної групи, p < 0,01. Ознаки астеновегетативного синдрому в дітей групи порівняння зникали на 8­му — 10­ту добу, у той час як у дітей основної групи — на 6­ту — 7­му добу. Застосування комплексного лікування дітей дозволило скоротити на 27,8 % термін купірування больового, на 14,0 % — диспептичного та на 25,0 % — астеновегетативного синдромів. Клінічне одужання у дітей, пролікованих запропонованим методом, відбувалося швидше, у середньому в 1,8 раза, порівняно з методом лікування з використанням тільки альбендазолу (Вормілу). Паразитологічна ефективність запропонованого методу становить 95 %, тоді як застосування тільки альбендазолу (Вормілу) — 89,8 %. Висновки. Додавання фітокомплексу Ворміл Фіто до схеми лікування хворих із аскаридозом прискорює одужання, швидко покращує їх самопочуття, забезпечує високий показник клінічної та паразитарної ефективності.

Description of Ascariasis in Children Aged 2 to 12 Years at the Martha Friska Hospital, Pulo Brayan, Medan

Province of North Sumatera is one of the provinces with the most Ascariasis cases which affects children. This study aims to determine the description of ascariasis patients aged 2-12 years who are treated at the Martha Friska Pulo Brayan Hospital, Medan. This study is a descriptive study with a method cross-sectional , using consecutive sampling, which was conducted on patients who met the inclusion criteria from January to October 2017. The results of the study showed that most of the ascariasis subjects were male, pre-school age with good nutritional status, had normal Hb and Eosinophil levels.

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of Ascariasis in children in the Astrakhan region

The purpose of the study: to analyze the clinical and epidemiological condition of children infected with ascariids in 2015—201 9 on the territory of the Astrakhan region. Materials and methods. During the analyzed period, 87 cases of ascariasis in children were registered in the Astrakhan region. We observed 23 children (26.4%) diagnosed with Ascariasis. Research result. The age of children whose eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides were found in the biomaterial ranged from 1 to 17 years, and in the age groups of children (schoolchildren — preschoolers), cases of ascariasis were recorded almost equally. Clinically, the disease occurred in the form of complaints of children — 65.2% (п = 15) for pain in the epigastric region — 34.8% (п = 8), nausea, vomiting, cough and poor appetite — 20.0% (п = 3), liquid stool and fever to subfebrile numbers — 1 3.3% (п = 2). In isolated cases, children complained of teeth grinding at night, frequent fatigue and headache-6.7% (п = 1). Complaints about the exit of the parasite at the time of the act of defecation were made by 40.0% (п = 6). Some patients had no complaints — 34.8% (п = 8). Conclusions: Ascariasis was registered almost equally in all age groups. The main complaints were epigastric pain, nausea, decreased appetite, and loose stools. The main cause of the disease was non-compliance with personal hygiene rules, eating unwashed fruits and vegetables, and the habit of eating without first washing your hands. Isolation of a male Ascaris lumbricoides at the time of defecation and a negative result of fecal examination indicate the absence of a female As-caris lumbricoides in the macroorganism and does not require further treatment.

Biliary Ascariasis in Children

Biliary Ascariasis in Children

FEATURES OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION IN SCHOOLCHILD WITH ASCARIASIS

Objective: to study the features of elemental composition in schoolchildren with ascariasis and to compare the revealed features with clinical manifestations of invasion. Materials and methods: 43 children (7 — 18 years) with ascariasis (diagnostics was carried out by the method of thick smear according to Kato two times with an interval of 3 days and the method of flotation according to Kalantaryan): I subgroup — children of primary school age — 15 people, II subgroup — children of senior school age — 28 people. The control group was 32 relatively healthy schoolchildren. It was determined of 19 chemical elements (Ca, Zn, K, I, Cu, Se, Fe, Mn, Cr, S, Br, Cl, Co, Ni, Mo, Sr, Ba, Pb, Cd) in children's hair was determined. Results: Low content of Zn, Cu, I, Se, Fe and Se, Br, Co, Ni, as well as increase of toxic Pb and Cd in the hair of junior schoolchildren with ascariasis is established. The invaders of high school students have a significantly lowered level of Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe and Br, Ni, Mo, as well as an elevated level of Ba, Pb, Cd. Conclusions: Imbalance of micro- and macroelements in the intestinal stage of ascariasis in children is an important pathogenetic link in the formation of the main clinical syndromes in children. Replenishment of microelement imbalance at the stage of treatment and rehabilitation of children with ascariasis is pathogenetically grounded and promotes the speedy restoration of all disturbed functions of the macroorganism.

Management of Biliary Ascariasis in Children Living in an Endemic Area

One quarter of the world's population is known to be infected with ascariasis. It is endemic in various parts of the Indian subcontinent with a high incidence in the Kashmir valley. Although intestinal obstruction is the commonest complication of ascariasis in children, biliary ascariasis remains the second most common complication. We aimed to study the various types of clinical presentations, complications and different diagnostic tools and to assess various options for the management of biliary ascariasis. Sixty-one cases of ultrasound documented hepatobiliary ascariasis were studied prospectively over a period of 3 years from Jan 2003 to Dec 2005 at the Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in Srinagar, Kashmir. All patients were children aged between 3 and 14 years. All patients were admitted to hospital and put on intravenous fluids, nothing per os until patients were symptom-free, broadspectrum antibiotics and antispasmodics. All patients received antihelminthics in the form of albendazole 400 mg as soon as patients could accept oral medication. Conservative management was continued until the patients were symptom-free. Endoscopic extraction was deferred until 3 weeks later except in patients with pyogenic cholangitis where urgent endoscopic intervention was carried out. Surgical intervention was carried out if both conservative management and endoscopic extraction failed or ERCP could not be performed for technical reasons or complications developed. The most common presentation was upper abdominal pain in 36 (59%) patients followed by vomiting of worms in 20 (33.3%) cases. Complications included cholangitis in 8 (13.1%), obstructive jaundice in 7 (11.4%), acute pancreatitis in 1 (1.6%) and hepatic abscess in 1 (1.6%) patient. Spontaneous passage of worms from the biliary ducts was observed in 44 (72.1%) patients. ERCP was successful in 8 (13.1%) patients, and 9 (14.7%) patients needed surgical intervention. In endemic countries, ascariasis should be suspected in patients with biliary disease. Most patients respond to conservative management although a few may need surgical intervention. Although this disease is prevalent in developing countries, because of increased travel and migration, clinicians elsewhere should be aware of the problems associated with ascariasis.

Intestinal Ascariasis in Children

Ascariasis is a staggering health problem commonly seen in children of endemic areas. In the abdomen, ascaris lumbricoides can cause a myriad of surgical complications. Intestinal obstruction by ascaris lumbricoides is commonly seen in children. Most cases are managed conservatively. The purpose was to study the clinical presentation and management of symptomatic intestinal ascariasis in children. A 3-year study was performed from April 2006 to April 2009 of pediatric-age patients who had symptomatic intestinal ascariasis. All patients had detailed clinical history, examination, plain X-ray of abdomen, and ultrasonography of abdomen. Peroperative findings were recorded in all patients who had surgical intervention. This prospective study had 360 patients. Male to female ratio was 1.37:1. 187 patients (52%) presented within 2-4 days of duration of illness. Mean +/- standard deviation (SD) age of patients was 6.35 +/- 2.25 years. Age group of 4-7 years (80%) was commonest group affected. Abdominal pain was a leading symptom in 357 patients (99%) with the pain in periumbilical area present in 215 patients (60%). In 227 patients (63%) abdominal distension was seen and was the commonest physical finding. Palpable worm masses were seen in 129 patients (36%); 81 patients (63%) had palpable worm masses in the umbilical quadrant. On X-ray of abdomen, visible worm masses were seen in 83 patients (23%). Abdominal sonography showed interloop fluid in 177 patients (49%) and free fluid in the pelvis of 97 patients (27%). The number of patients who were managed conservatively was 281 (78%), and 79 patients (22%) had surgical intervention. In patients who had surgical intervention, 39 patients (49%) had enterotomy and 7 patients (9%) had kneading of worms. Postoperative complications occurred in 33 patients, and an overall mortality of 1% (1 patient) was seen. Ascaridial intestinal obstruction is common in children in the Kashmir. Abdominal pain is the leading symptom in intestinal ascariasis. Plain X-ray and ultrasonography of the abdomen are used to diagnosis intestinal ascariasis. The majority of the patients can be managed conservatively.

Our experience of biliary ascariasis in children

Ascariasis is highly endemic in Kashmir valley as temperate climate and wet soil provide excellent conditions for its development. We studied 198 cases (11%) of biliary ascariasis out of 1,800 patients of worm infestation from December 2001 to December 2004 in the age group of 4-15 years. In our study, we found biliary ascariasis to be more common in female children, and most common clinical presentation was biliary colic in 143 patients, cholangitis in 28, cholecystitis in 15, liver abscess 7, pancreatitis 4 and postoperative worm infestation in 1 patient. Ultrasonography of abdomen was the diagnostic tool of choice with hundred percent results. Most of the patients were managed conservatively. ERCP was not done in children because of need of general anesthesia and difficulty in performing the procedure. Surgical intervention was required in 23 patients (cholecystectomy with CBD exploration in 5, choledochotomy alone in 13, drainage of liver abscess in 3, choledochoduodenostomy in 1 and peritoneal lavage in 1).

Management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis in children of an endemic area

Ascariasis is the most common parasitic infestation in endemic areas and accounts for 50-60% of pediatric admissions in the surgical emergency department. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis accounts for about 10% of such admissions. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical features, investigations, and management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis. The study was conducted in the endemic areas of Kashmir in northern India over a period of 3 years. During the study period (May 2001 to April 2004), 214 children with hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis were admitted in the department. These children underwent complete clinical evaluation, investigation including ultrasound, and ERCP when required. Surgical intervention was done in patients who failed to settle with medical treatment. Ninety percent of our admissions were from rural areas and 86% of the children presented with pain in the right hypochondrium. Twenty-two percent of patients presented with cholangitis, whereas 39% of the children had mild icterus at presentation. Thirty-eight percent of the children had vomited worms during the episode of illness. Ultrasound was the diagnostic method of choice, which revealed the worms in the CBD in 80% of the patients, and in gall bladder in 16% of the children. Eight patients had worms in the main pancreatic duct while seven (4%) had multiple small liver abscesses. Serum alkaline phosphatase was raised in majority of children (80%). Twenty (9%) children were referred for ERCP. Medical treatment including endoscopic management was successful in 97% of the children. Seven (4%) children had to be operated upon due to complications of the disease. We conclude that the majority of the children with hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis respond to conservative treatment, and surgical treatment is rarely needed.

The health effects of wastewater on the prevalence of ascariasis among the children of the discharge zone of El Jadida, Morocco

Proximity to wastewater constitutes an infection hazard by ascariasis. This is supported by the results of an epidemiologic study of a group of children living near an area of wastewater effluents. The subjects of this study were schoolchildren from Sidi Daoui, a neighborhood located in the area of the main effluent of the city of El Jadida, Morocco. For a comparative approach, a control group was selected from Sidi Moussa, a neighborhood far from the discharge area. The incidence of ascariasis was 18.1% in the study group (Sidi Daoui) and 1% in the control group (Sidi Moussa). It was found that 71% of the exposed children were suffering from acute parasitic infections. The risk attributable to wastewater in transmitting ascariasis to examined children in Sidi Daoui was about 17%. Boys, particularly those aged 7 – 10, appeared to be the most vulnerable to contracting ascariasis. This study demonstrates the relationship between ascariasis in children and their proximity to wastewater effluents.

Abdominal Complications of Ascariasis in Children

Abdominal Complications of Ascariasis in Children

Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Complications of Ascariasis in Children: A Study of Seven Cases

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study presents seven cases of severe hepatobiliary and pancreatic complications of ascariasis in children. The authors describe the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings, as well as the patients’ clinical evolution.MethodsThese cases were studied within a period of approximately 1 year and included children younger than 11 years (mean age, 4.4 years). The authors reviewed their medical history and evaluated the results of their main diagnostic examinations.ResultsAll of the patients had vomiting, abdominal pain, pallor, and abdominal distension at presentation. Passage of Ascaris lumbricoides in stool occurred in five cases, emesis with worms in three, fever in three, and hepatomegaly in two. Five patients had pancreatitis, of which two were necrohemorrhagic and one had pseudocyst of the pancreas. In three patients, A. lumbricoides was present in the pancreatic duct. Two patients had hepatic abscess (28.6%), and one of them also had cholangitis. One of the patients with pancreatitis also had signs of cholecystitis at presentation.ConclusionsUltrasonography was the imaging diagnostic method of choice and demonstrated the presence of A. lumbricoides in the biliary and the pancreatic ducts, as well as signs of pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and hepatic abscess. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, used to confirm the diagnosis, was a fundamental procedure in the treatment, allowing the removal of worms from the biliary duct in four of seven patients.

Surgical ascariasis in children in Kashmir.

A retrospective study of 85 children aged 3-12 years revealed 25 cases who needed surgical intervention due to ascariasis. The surgical conditions found at laparotomy were intestinal obstruction (18) appendicitis (3), ileal perforation (2), biliary ascariasis (2). The study highlights the high incidence of surgical ascariasis among children with abdominal complaints in an endemic area.

Small bowel volvulus complicating intestinal ascariasis in children: R. Wiersma and G.P. Hardy. Br J Surg 75:86–87, (January), 1988

Small bowel volvulus complicating intestinal ascariasis in children: R. Wiersma and G.P. Hardy. Br J Surg 75:86–87, (January), 1988

Small bowel volvulus complicating intestinal ascariasis in children: R. Wiersma and G.P. Hadley. Br J Surg 75:86–87, (January), 1988

Small bowel volvulus complicating intestinal ascariasis in children: R. Wiersma and G.P. Hadley. Br J Surg 75:86–87, (January), 1988

Hand washing intervention to reduce ascariasis in children

Hand washing intervention to reduce ascariasis in children

Biliary ascariasis in children: M. R. Q. Davies and H. Rode. Prog Pediatr Surg 15:55–74, 1982

Biliary ascariasis in children: M. R. Q. Davies and H. Rode. Prog Pediatr Surg 15:55–74, 1982

Absorption of macronutrients from a rice-vegetable diet before and after treatment of ascariasis in children

The apparent absorption of nitrogen (N), fat, and total energy from a rice and vegetable diet was measured in 13 children of similar nutritional status but infected with varying loads of Ascaris lumbricoides. Apparent N absorption was modestly decreased initially in subjects with heavy infections as compared to those with light infections (57.2% of intake versus 64.1% of intake, 0.05 < P < 0.1). After antihelminthic therapy there ws a significant improvement in apparent N absorption (P < 0.02), apparent N retention (P < 0.05), and apparent fat absorption (P < 0.05) for the group as a whole, particularly for those with heavy infections. Total energy absorption improved slightly, but not significantly, after treatment, and there was no change in xylose excretion tests. Treatment of ascariasis may be nutritionally advantageous for children with heavy worm burdens and marginal protein availability.

Biliary ascariasis in children

The ascaris is a common human parasite and has a world wide distribution. In areas where it is endemic, biliary complications are common. In our locality it occurs mainly in children, presenting with upper abdominal colicky pain usually without jaundice. We have analyzed the positive roentgenological findings of 67 cases which presented in one year. The findings on cholangiography are diagnostic. The worm is seen as a linear translucent filling defect in a dilated common bile duct. Usually it is only faintly outlined by thin tram lines and occasionally there may not be excretion of the contrast material. The attention of radiologists is brought to this condition and the appearances of ascariasis infestation of the intestines are also noted.

Prevalence of Ascariasis and Amebiasis in Cherokee Indian School Children

PIHYSICIANS at the Public Health Service Indian Hospital on the Cherokee North Carolina Indian Reservation diagnosed several cases of severe clinical ascariasis in children in 1964-65 and recorded the death of a child caused by what was believed to be an overwhelming infection with Ascaris lumnricoides. A preliminary survey in one part of the reservation in 1963 indicateld that 50 percent of the, children were infected with Ascaris worms. To determine the prevalence of the roundworm and other intestinal parasites in the Cherokee population, a collaborative study in 1965 between physicians at the hospital and the Parasitology Section of the National Communicable Disease Center, Public Hea.lth Service, was initiated. Because of logistical problems in obtaining specimens from persons living in the mountainous area of the reservation, it was decided to examine stool specimens from children attending the elementary school close to the hospital. Moreover, the 655 children in the elementary school would represent a sample of the approximately 5,000 residents of the reservation. More important, such examinations would indicate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in the group most likely to be affected by any species of clinical importance.