Artificial Intelligence In Dentistry Research Articles

Exploring the Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Dental Image Detection: A Systematic Review.

Dental care has been transformed by neural networks, introducing advanced methods for improving patient outcomes. By leveraging technological innovation, dental informatics aims to enhance treatment and diagnostic processes. Early diagnosis of dental problems is crucial, as it can substantially reduce dental disease incidence by ensuring timely and appropriate treatment. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) within dental informatics is a pivotal tool that has applications across all dental specialties. This systematic literature review aims to comprehensively summarize existing research on AI implementation in dentistry. It explores various techniques used for detecting oral features such as teeth, fillings, caries, prostheses, crowns, implants, and endodontic treatments. AI plays a vital role in the diagnosis of dental diseases by enabling precise and quick identification of issues that may be difficult to detect through traditional methods. Its ability to analyze large volumes of data enhances diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, leading to better patient outcomes. An extensive search was conducted across a number of databases, including Science Direct, PubMed (MEDLINE), arXiv.org, MDPI, Nature, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Wiley Online Library. The studies included in this review employed a wide range of neural networks, showcasing their versatility in detecting the dental categories mentioned above. Additionally, the use of diverse datasets underscores the adaptability of these AI models to different clinical scenarios. This study highlights the compatibility, robustness, and heterogeneity among the reviewed studies. This indicates that AI technologies can be effectively integrated into current dental practices. The review also discusses potential challenges and future directions for AI in dentistry. It emphasizes the need for further research to optimize these technologies for broader clinical applications. By providing a detailed overview of AI's role in dentistry, this review aims to inform practitioners and researchers about the current capabilities and future potential of AI-driven dental care, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and more efficient dental practices.

Patients’ Perception of using Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (R&AI) are now playing a significant role in influencing the future of dentistry, owing to the fast advancements in technology. The use of AI in dentistry has already begun to enhance patient care and streamline operational efficiency. However, there has been limited research exploring how dental patients perceive the adoption of R&AI. Objective To assess and evaluate the knowledge, concerns, and perceptions of patients agreeing to undergo treatment in its variable forms and procedures under R&AI in order to gain insight into the public understanding of such advanced technologies. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the dental teaching hospital of King Abdul Aziz University in Saudi Arabia from July 2023 to December 2023. The subjects were dental patients from an open network and the public community in different segments, with an alternate group of ages. A digital questionnaire from Google Surveys was used. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results This study evaluated the perceptions of 807 participants about R&AI dental treatment. The majority, 78.3%, n = 632, reported having already encountered the term AI in dentistry; however, they had never encountered any AI-based treatment (91.9%, n = 742) and remained uninterested in seizing the opportunity (52.8%, n = 381). Around one-third of them also perceived strong disagreement with the dental performance of robotics alone (39.2%, n = 316), even if it was offered at a reduced cost compared to normal treatment (30.7%, n = 248). Conclusion The study's findings reveal that patients' perceptions of R&AI-assisted dental procedures remain inconsistent. While the participants show a greater willingness to embrace the use of R&AI in dental operations, their overall level of trust in R&AI is only mediocre. Patients believe it is critical for a dentist to have control over the R&AI application and take full responsibility for dental care.

Awareness About Artificial Intelligence Among Dental Practitioners And Dental Students

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) is defined as acquisition of intelligence by computers or machines to perform complex tasks that generally require human intelligence. Nowadays usage of AI in various fields is appreciated because of its time effectiveness and less laborious.In dentistry, AI has been trending, specifically in diagnostic imaging and early detection of diseases,benefiting both dental graduates and practitioners. AIM The main aim is to assess the awareness of Artificial intelligence as an effective tool among dental trainees and dental practitioners. MATERIALS AND METHOD An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among dental trainees and dental practitioners in various institutions. A Google questionnaire form was developed and circulated to assess participant’s awareness about Artificial intelligence in dentistry. Data were collected in Microsoft excel and statistical analysis were performed. RESULTS More than 60% of the participants showed confidence about their familiarity towards AI in dentistry (p<0.01197). Among those, 60.5% answered that they are well aware of ChatGPT and 28% of them to Microsoft Bing (p<0.04395). 53% answered that machine learning is an important form of AI (p<0.00216). Over the advantages of AI, 43% believed AI can improve diagnostics, access to disease screening, cost effectiveness, reduced treatment time (p<0.0001) and 53% agreed that AI can be useful in day-to-day dental practices (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION The present study shows that awareness of AI among the dental fraternity is satisfactory. The field of AI is emerging rapidly and various other new applications in AI are being utilised. AI could act as a valuable tool in supporting clinicians delivering effective dental care and supplementing education for dental trainees. To enhance the future of AI in dentistry, the present curriculum needs to be approachable enough and various hands-on-training are essential. KEYWORDS:artificial intelligence, chatbots, dental caries, radiographic diagnosis, teledentistry.

Artificial intelligence knowledge, attitudes and application perspectives of undergraduate and specialty students of faculty of dentistry in Turkey: an online survey research

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of fourth- and fifth-year undergraduate as well as specialty dentistry students in Turkey concerning artificial intelligence (AI) and its applications.MethodsThe study was conducted between October 16, 2023, and January 16, 2024, with participants consisting of volunteers from dental faculties in Turkey. A total of 335 undergraduate students and 62 specialty students participated in the survey, which utilized non-probability convenience and snowball sampling methods. Cronbach’s alpha was utilized to measure the internal consistency of the scale. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 26.0, with quantitative data presented as mean ± standard deviation and categorical data as frequency (percentage). The statistical level was set at 0.05, and the analysis involved Pearson’s Chi-square test and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests.ResultsThe results indicate that undergraduate and specialty students perceive the integration of large datasets as the primary advantage of AI. The speed, objectivity, and potential to reduce misdiagnosis rates associated with AI are also highlighted. Undergraduate students express more significant concern about the impact of AI on patient understanding and empathy compared to specialty students. Additionally, both groups strongly advocate for the inclusion of AI-related courses in dental education and acknowledge the indispensability of AI in dental practice. The significant roles of AI in dentistry, such as providing evidence-based dental approaches and compensating for human intellectual limitations, are widely recognized. Furthermore, consensus exists that AI will primarily assist in diagnosis and treatment decisions.ConclusionsThe findings emphasize the importance of cautiously managing AI’s role in healthcare services and underscore the need to prioritize patient privacy and data security. AI should be regarded as a complement to the work of dental professionals rather than a substitute. The study recommends further research involving a larger and more diverse sample to obtain a comprehensive understanding of attitudes toward AI in dentistry.

Patients' attitudes toward artificial intelligence in dentistry and their trust in dentists.

This study intended to evaluate patients' attitudes toward the use of AI in dental radiographic detection of occlusal caries and the impact of AI-based diagnosis on their trust in dentists. A total of 272 completed questionnaires were included in this study. In the first part of the study, approval was obtained from the patients, and data were collected about their socio-demographic characteristics. In the second part the 11-item Dentist Trust Scale was applied. In the third and fourth parts, there were questions about two clinical scenarios, the patients' knowledge of attitudes toward AI, and how the AI-based diagnosis had affected their trust. Evaluation was performed using a Likert-type scale. Data were analyzed with the Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and ordinal logistic regression tests (p < 0.05). The patients believed that "AI is useful" (3.86 ± 1.03) and were not afraid of the use of AI in dentistry (2.40 ± 1.05). Educational level was considerably related to the patients' attitudes to the use of AI for dental diagnostics (p < 0.05). The patients stated that "dentists are extremely thorough and careful" (4.39 ± 0.77). The patients displayed a positive attitude to AI-based diagnosis in the dental field and appear to exhibit trust in dentists. The use of Al in routine clinical practice canprovide important benefit to physicians as a clinical decision support system in dentistry and understanding patients' attitudes may allow dentists to shape AI-supported dentistry in the future.

Evaluation of Attitudes and Perceptions in Students About the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery.

Developments in technology have created great changes in the field of medicine and dentistry. Artificial intelligence technology is one of the most important innovations that caused this change. This study aimed to evaluate the opinions of dentistry students regarding the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry and craniomaxillofacial surgery. Two hundred ninety-six dentistry students between the ages of 19 and 30 participated in the study. Participants submitted the survey by e-mail examining the student's opinions and attitudes regarding the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry and craniomaxillofacial surgery. Respondents' anonymity was ensured. 47.30% (n: 140) of the students participating in the study are fourth-year students, and 52.70% (n: 156) are fifth-year students. While 48.98% (n: 145) of the participants have knowledge about the uses of artificial intelligence in daily life, 28.37% (n: 84) of the students have knowledge about robotic surgery. While ~74% of the participants think that artificial intelligence will improve the field of dentistry and craniomaxillofacial surgery, it has been observed that they are not worried about these applications replacing dentists in the future. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between fourth-year and fifth-year students in their knowledge levels about the areas of use of artificial intelligence (P=0.548). Students' opinions show that 74% agree that artificial intelligence will lead to major advances in the field of dentistry and craniomaxillofacial surgery. This shows the relationship between dentists and artificial intelligence points to a bright future.

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Learnings from the EU AI Act

Artificial intelligence systems (AISs) gain relevance in dentistry, encompassing diagnostics, treatment planning, patient management, and therapy. However, questions about the generalizability, fairness, and transparency of these systems remain. Regulatory and governance bodies worldwide are aiming to address these questions using various frameworks. On March 13, 2024, members of the European Parliament approved the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA), which emphasizes trustworthiness and human-centeredness as relevant aspects to regulate AISs beyond safety and efficacy. This review presents the AIA and similar regulatory and governance efforts in other jurisdictions and lays out that regulations such as the AIA are part of a complex ecosystem of interdependent and interwoven legal requirements and standards. Current efforts to regulate dental AISs require active input from the dental community, with participation of dental research, education, providers, and patients being relevant to shape the future of dental AISs.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry- A Review Article

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry- A Review Article

Multidisciplinary Applications of AI in Dentistry: Bibliometric Review

This review explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in dentistry, reflecting on its potential to reshape traditional practices and meet the increasing demands for high-quality dental care. The aim of this research is to examine how AI has evolved in dentistry over the past two decades, driven by two pivotal questions: “What are the current emerging trends and developments in AI in dentistry?” and “What implications do these trends have for the future of AI in the dental field?”. Utilizing the Scopus database, a bibliometric analysis of the literature from 2000 to 2023 was conducted to address these inquiries. The findings reveal a significant increase in AI-related publications, especially between 2018 and 2023, underscoring a rapid expansion in AI applications that enhance diagnostic precision and treatment planning. Techniques such as Deep Learning (DL) and Neural Networks (NN) have transformed dental practices by enhancing diagnostic precision and reducing workload. AI technologies, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), have improved the accuracy of radiographic analysis, from detecting dental pathologies to automating cephalometric evaluations, thereby optimizing treatment outcomes. This advocacy is underpinned by the need for AI applications in dentistry to be both efficacious and ethically sound, ensuring that they not only improve clinical outcomes but also adhere to the highest standards of patient care.

Exploring artificial intelligence in dentistry

Exploring artificial intelligence in dentistry

Assessing the AI Acumen: A study on the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of dental students towards artificial intelligence

The influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be seen in every nook and corner of life. It has become an essential part of human life. Its influence in medical field is also noticeable but in certain aspects utilization of AI in dentistry has not been up to a great extent. This questionnaire-based survey was done to assess the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of dental students about AI. A self-administered closed ended questionnaire consisting of 36 questions was distributed among 3100 interns and post graduate students studying in different parts of Rajasthan. The questionnaire consisted of demographic details of respondents as well as fundamental KAP towards AI.Response rate was 90.32%. The results showed that about 56.75% of respondents had poor knowledge of AI and its application in dentistry. Although their attitude towards AI was fair (48.75%) but their practical experience of using AI was poor (57.89%). There was a significant difference between the KAP of postgraduates when compared to interns (p value &amp;#60; 0.05). Pearsons’s correlation test showed that there was no correlation between knowledge and attitude or knowledge with behaviour as well as attitude and behaviour.There is a lack of awareness about the use of AI in dentistry among dental students. So, there is a need for implementation of practical courses to improve the knowledge as well as practice of AI in dentistry.

Attitudes and Perceptions of Dentists and Dental Residents Practicing in the Navi Mumbai Region Toward the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Descriptive Survey.

Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) has been gaining considerable attention in recent years within the healthcare field. It has established a presence in various aspects of health sciences, including accurate diagnosis and precise, streamlined treatment. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of dental residents and dentists in the Navi Mumbai region toward the use of AI in dentistry. Methods An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted, inviting 130 dental residents and dentists from the Navi Mumbai region. The collected data were compiled on a worksheet and subjected to descriptive statistical tests, which were expressed in numbers and frequencies. Results A total of 100 responses were received. Sixty-eight percent of individuals agreed that AI helps enhance diagnosis and treatment planning in the dental field. Sixty-five percent of the respondents stated that they are most likely to incorporate AI tools into their practice within the next five years. Conclusion From the present study, it can be inferred that AI is a promising and essential subsidiary tool in dentistry as well as in healthcare as a whole. However, major concerns such as extensive, in-depth training, data security, and cybercrime must be addressed before the full-scale incorporation of AI in the health sciences.

The Utility of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Advancing Frontiers

The Utility of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Advancing Frontiers

Applied artificial intelligence in dentistry: emerging data modalities and modeling approaches.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied across all disciplines of medicine, including dentistry. Oral health research is experiencing a rapidly increasing use of machine learning (ML), the branch of AI that identifies inherent patterns in data similarly to how humans learn. In contemporary clinical dentistry, ML supports computer-aided diagnostics, risk stratification, individual risk prediction, and decision support to ultimately improve clinical oral health care efficiency, outcomes, and reduce disparities. Further, ML is progressively used in dental and oral health research, from basic and translational science to clinical investigations. With an ML perspective, this review provides a comprehensive overview of how dental medicine leverages AI for diagnostic, prognostic, and generative tasks. The spectrum of available data modalities in dentistry and their compatibility with various methods of applied AI are presented. Finally, current challenges and limitations as well as future possibilities and considerations for AI application in dental medicine are summarized.

Ethical considerations for artificial intelligence in dentistry

The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating in the dental field and even patients are catching on to the trend. There is a form of perceived pressure mounting on practitioners to incorporate modern dental equipment and online services to accelerate treatment time or supplement the diagnosis with visual treatment planning. Many of these applications utilise AI as part of the software to process the inserted data. The use of these products in practice presents various ethical dilemmas the clinician would need to mitigate. Practitioners who own or are considering adding applications and equipment that are AI-based to their treatment repertoire have an ethical and legal responsibility to ensure that the best interest and safety of the patient are observed. Patient autonomy and protection of all information become a paramount consideration over and above improving profit or personal gain. By no means could the ethical dilemmas in this communication be exhausted, as the rapid AI innovation and the dynamic nature of technological advances have the potential to raise even more debate. As a fraternity, we need to be vigilant and remain grounded with the basic ethical principles underpinned by autonomy, patient confidentiality/ privacy and the practitioner-patient relationship.

Artificial intelligence methods in dental radiography

Introduction: The application of artificial intelligence in dentistry can significantly improve the outcome of patient treatment and reduce human error. Computer systems and certain methods that use complex algorithms are able to encode digital data about the radiographic image, obtained by X-ray radiation, and transfer them to a computer language for processing a large set of data. Applied as an auxiliary tool, it can give information about the patient and diagnostics of teeth and surrounding dental structures on radiographic images (two-dimensional and three-dimensional). The aim of the paper: The aim of the paper is to present the development and application of artificial intelligence in dentistry and at the same time emphasizing the importance of segmentation methods and methods of improving the quality of dental radiographic images. Discussion: The common goal of the development and application of artificial intelligence methods in dental radiography is directed on obtaining radiograms from which diagnostically valuable information will be collected faster and easier for the purpose of successful treatment of the patients. Methods of segmentation of a dental structures have been developed to automatically number and localize the tooth or independently mark and display the desired structures on the image. Methods of image quality enhancement tend to work on, for example, improving image resolution or reducing metal artifacts. Research has shown that artificial intelligence can be applied in everyday clinical practice, but it has certain limitations. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence methods in dental radiography are an useful auxiliary tool in clinical dental practice because they can speed up the process of retrieving patient data. Automatic localization of dental structure reduces the dentist's time for manual image analysis, but cannot completely replace human knowledge. For the full implementation of the mentioned methods, more development standards and resources are needed to overcome the ethical and legal problems of replacing humans with computer systems.

A questionnaire study regarding knowledge, attitude and usage of artificial intelligence and machine learning by the orthodontic fraternity of Northern India

AimThe aim of the questionnaire study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and perception of orthodontists regarding the role of artificial intelligence in dentistry in general and orthodontics specifically, and to determine the use of artificial intelligence by the orthodontist. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was done among the orthodontists of Northern India (clinicians, academicians, and postgraduates) through a web-based electronic survey using Google Forms. The study was designed to obtain information about AI and its basic usage in daily life, in dentistry, and in orthodontics from the participants. The options given were set specifically according to the Likert scale to maintain the correct format. The questionnaire was validated by one AI expert and one orthodontic expert, followed by pretesting in a smaller group of 25 orthodontists 2 weeks before circulation. A total of 100 orthodontists and postgraduate students responded to the pretested online questionnaire link for 31 questions in four sections sent via social media websites in a period of 3 months. ResultsThe majority of the participants believe that AI could be useful in diagnosis and treatment planning and could revolutionize dentistry in general. 84 % of the orthodontic academicians and clinicians, including PG students, consider AI a useful tool for boosting performance and delivering quality care in orthodontics, and 72 % see AI as a partner rather than a competitor in the foreseeable future of dentistry. 90 % of the participants believe that the incorporation of AI into CBCT analysis can be a valuable addition to diagnosis and treatment planning. 86 % of total participants agree that AI can be helpful in decision-making for orthognathic surgery, and 84 % find AI useful for bone age assessment. ConclusionsIt was observed that academicians are more aware of AI terminologies and usage as compared to PG students and clinicians. There is a consensus that AI is a useful tool for diagnosis and treatment planning, boosting performance and quality care in orthodontics. In spite of these facts, 62.5 % of clinicians and 40 % of PG students are still not using AI for cephalometric analysis (p = 0.033).

Current state and trajectory of artificial intelligence in dentistry: A review

Artificial intelligence to a limited extent is science and engineering engrossed with the study of intelligent behaviour using computers and performing tasks which usually assumed can only be performed by human beings as well as the design of products that display this action. It is making waves in dentistry as exponential amount of digital data is available, note worthy progress in hardware performance, as well as significant advancements in algorithmic and software approaches, the current abilities of this technology is unparalleled. Its applications are diversifying into domains that were exclusive to human specialist and include medical and dental imaging diagnostics, decision making assistance, digital medicine, drug discovery, wearable technology, medical surveillance, robotic and digital assistants. The aim of this review is to define artificial intelligence, its benefits in dental field and its potential risks to community.

Empowering Modern Dentistry: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Patient Care and Clinical Decision Making.

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are poised to catalyze a transformative shift across diverse dental disciplines including endodontics, oral radiology, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, periodontology, prosthodontics, and restorative dentistry. This narrative review delineates the burgeoning role of AI in enhancing diagnostic precision, streamlining treatment planning, and potentially unveiling innovative therapeutic modalities, thereby elevating patient care standards. Recent analyses corroborate the superiority of AI-assisted methodologies over conventional techniques, affirming their capacity for personalization, accuracy, and efficiency in dental care. Central to these AI applications are convolutional neural networks and deep learning models, which have demonstrated efficacy in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic decision making, in some instances surpassing traditional methods in complex cases. Despite these advancements, the integration of AI into clinical practice is accompanied by challenges, such as data security concerns, the demand for transparency in AI-generated outcomes, and the imperative for ongoing validation to establish the reliability and applicability of AI tools. This review underscores the prospective benefits of AI in dental practice, envisioning AI not as a replacement for dental professionals but as an adjunctive tool that fortifies the dental profession. While AI heralds improvements in diagnostics, treatment planning, and personalized care, ethical and practical considerations must be meticulously navigated to ensure responsible development of AI in dentistry.

Knowledge and Perceptions Towards the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry Among Dental Students in Nellore City, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Knowledge and Perceptions Towards the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry Among Dental Students in Nellore City, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey