Discussion Of Article Research Articles

AI-generated text in otolaryngology publications: a comparative analysis before and after the release of ChatGPT.

This study delves into the broader implications of artificial intelligence (AI) text generation technologies, including large language models (LLMs) and chatbots, on the scientific literature of otolaryngology. By observing trends in AI-generated text within published otolaryngology studies, this investigation aims to contextualize the impact of AI-driven tools that are reshaping scientific writing and communication. Text from 143 original articles published in JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery was collected, representing periods before and after ChatGPT's release in November 2022. The text from each article's abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion were entered into ZeroGPT.com to estimate the percentage of AI-generated content. Statistical analyses, including T-Tests and Fligner-Killeen's tests, were conducted using R. A significant increase was observed in the mean percentage of AI-generated text post-ChatGPT release, especially in the abstract (from 34.36 to 46.53%, p = 0.004), introduction (from 32.43 to 45.08%, p = 0.010), and discussion sections (from 15.73 to 25.03%, p = 0.015). Publications of authors from non-English speaking countries demonstrated a higher percentage of AI-generated text. This study found that the advent of ChatGPT has significantly impacted writing practices among researchers publishing in JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, raising concerns over the accuracy of AI-created content and potential misinformation risks. This manuscript highlights the evolving dynamics between AI technologies, scientific communication, and publication integrity, emphasizing the urgent need for continued research in this dynamic field. The findings also suggest an increasing reliance on AI tools like ChatGPT, raising questions about their broader implications for scientific publishing.

Legal Arrangements of Artificial Intelligence in the European Union and the Republic of North Macedonia

The article aims to analyze the need to regulate AI, the content of the regulation that needs to be enacted, the content of the regulation adopted in the European Union as well as North Macedonia's positioning on this issue as a country eager to start the negotiations for accession in the EU. The methodology for the article is about the legal arrangements of AI that involve a multi-faceted approach, combining literature review, legal analysis, doctrinal research, empirical research, policy analysis, ethical and normative analysis, and interdisciplinary collaboration. While the rapid development of AI brings convenience to people’s lives, it also poses challenges to global changes and the development of human society, social governance, and legal regulation. Many countries have adopted strategic plans and documents related to AI but there are no legal acts adopted until now. The article's discussion on the need for new or updated regulatory frameworks to govern AI is crucial. It may propose specific regulatory measures to address AI's unique challenges, such as transparency, accountability, and fairness, influencing related policy development.

Green Human Resource Management: A Comprehensive Analysis of Practices, Impacts, and Future Directions

This article is a systematic literature review that investigates the impact and role of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) in organizational performance and sustainability. By detailing the findings from 18 related studies, this article discusses the role of GHRM in motivating environmentally friendly behavior among employees and its impact on organizational performance and sustainability. The article's background discusses the urgency of GHRM in responding to global sustainability challenges and enhancing sustainable human resource management practices. The literature review involves a deep understanding of the impact of GHRM on variables such as employee behavior, green innovation, and organizational performance. The research methods include the selection of relevant studies, qualitative data analysis, and the synthesis of these findings. The article's discussion highlights significant findings, such as the positive influence of GHRM on employee green behavior and environmental innovation, as well as its contribution to organizational sustainability. Practical implications involve guidelines for implementing GHRM in organizations, while theoretical implications enrich our understanding of GHRM's role in sustainable human resource management. The conclusion of the article provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between GHRM and organizational performance and sustainability. Further research recommendations include identifying knowledge gaps and future research opportunities to deepen our understanding of GHRM. This article is expected to contribute to related literature and provide valuable guidance for research and GHRM implementation in various organizational contexts.

Prevalence of Person-First Language in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Background: Person-first language (PFL) is a linguistic prescription, which places a person before their disease. It is considered an important tool to reduce stigma. However, PFL is not routinely used across the scientific literature, particularly in patients with overweight or obesity. Patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) face various stigmas through high rates of poverty, female gender, and frequent rates of comorbidities. Non-PFL language use intersects and worsen the health inequities faced by these patients. Methods: A systematic review of case reports. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for all case reports with “pseudotumor cerebri” [MESH] OR “Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension” as key word between January 1974 and August 2022. The primary criterion was the article's inclusion of patients with overweight or obesity. The secondary criterion was the article's discussion regarding obesity as risk factor. Articles not meeting primary or secondary criteria were excluded. Results: Approximately 514/716 (71.8%) articles used non-PFL language. The publication year was predictive of non-PFL language: 1976–1991 (82.3%) vs 1992–2007 (72.3%, P = 0.0394) and 2008–2022 (68.3%, P = 0.0056). Non-PFL was significantly higher in obesity compared with other medical conditions (60.3% vs 7.3%, P < 0.001). The patient gender (P = 0.111) and ethnicity (P = 0.697), author's specialty (P = 0.298), and primary English-speaking status (P = 0.231), as well as the journal's impact factor (P = 0.795), were not predictive of non-PFL. Conclusions: Most literature focused on IIH use non-PFL when discussing overweight or obesity, regardless of the patient's gender and ethnicity, journal's impact factor, senior author's specialty, and English-speaking status. Non-PFL use is much more common when discussing obesity compared with other medical conditions. Appropriate use of PFL can decrease stigma and, more importantly, decrease the intersectionality of health stigma faced by patients with IIH.

METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN TEACHING TURKISH TO ARMENIAN-SPEAKING STUDENTS

This article discusses the challenges of teaching Turkish in an Armenian classroom using two approaches: the grammar-translation method and the thematic learning method (Case Study). The goal is to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each method and determine which is most suitable for teaching Turkish to Armenian-speaking students. The conventional approach to mastering the grammatical rules of a foreign language is based on the same laws and structures found in one's language. The use of this method for learning Turkish can pose challenges in language acquisition due to the significant syntactical differences present in Turkic languages compared to Armenian. Subordinate clauses are more noticeable within complex sentence structures. Therefore, the article's discussion about the suitability of methods is based on a concise explanation of subordinate clause composition and structure. The conventional approach to grammar holds significant value in establishing fundamental knowledge. To acquire practical skills, it is essential to adopt functional approaches and methods like the Case Study method. This technique entails gathering and analyzing data related to the research topic, which includes examining the target language and its respective culture as a complete system. After considering the arguments presented in the article, we have determined that for teaching Turkish as a foreign language, The Case Study method is more convenient. However, due to the audience's professional philological specialization, it is also recommended to incorporate some aspects of the grammar method.

Korelasi Dampak Aktivitas Perdagangan Internasional Terhadap Kerusakan Lingkungan

International trade activities require a rule as an important support to regulate the process of running the elements of international trade so that it is as effective as it should be. Gradually, the international trade system is beginning to understand more deeply the impacts arising from environmental damage. Attention to the issue of climate change and environmental damage in the midst of the international trade system has become an issue that has been highlighted since the growing awareness of environmental sustainability. The focus of this article's discussion is on the issue of the impact of climate change in the midst of international trade. The research method used in conducting this research is to use normative study methods, using secondary data obtained through literature searches. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of climate change that occurs as a result of international trade activities. The results of the study show that international trade activities have quite a serious impact on environmental change or climate change. One example is in the production of cereals which can hamper international trade activities. So that the parties in authority can take preventive steps to prevent environmental damage.

'Illat and Wisdom in Use Ultrasonography (USG) during Iddah Period

The Iddah phenomenon is a contemporary issue in which the essence of the Iddah period for women experiences certain problems, including the prohibition of women during their Iddah period from accepting proposals or getting married, lack of understanding of the determination of the Iddah period, gender inequality issues, and conflicting understandings of law and calculation of the Iddah period. Consequently, the use of ultrasound during the Iddah period has become a topic of discussion. This article discusses the contextualization of Islamic law that seeks to place illat and wisdom at the center of cases involving the use of ultrasound during the Iddah period to determine the cleanliness of a woman's uterus, so that the existence of illat becomes the basis for legal istinbat, which then gives birth to wisdom. The research method employed is qualitative with literature review, which attempts to establish a connection between the relevant literature and the article's discussion. This study's findings identify the use of ultrasound during the Iddah period as a criterion for the existence of illat and the wisdom that underlies its legal determination. Therefore, the existence of ultrasonography (USG) during the Iddah period based on a theological approach cannot be used as a benchmark (illat) for uterine hygiene for women and does not affect the essence of the wisdom contained therein, including for matters that are clear and certain that are used to establish and determine whether or not a law exists.

The Worker-Poet as the Ethnographic Partner: Documenting the Emotional Pain of Rural Migrant Women

Abstract Many migrant workers in China are widely reported to experience difficulty in finding a conjugal partner or maintaining conjugal intimacy. Despite this widely shared perception, firsthand data about the love lives of migrant workers are hard to access. Yet, to have such knowledge is important, since these domains, though intimate and private, are crucial sites of socioeconomic exchange. In light of such challenges, how can ethnographers “get at” the emotional experiences of rural migrants outside standard frameworks? This article engages with this question through the intimate lives of one hundred women factory workers in China's Pearl River delta. Their experiences are documented—in poetic form—in Stories of Migrant Women written by China's best known rural migrant poet Zhang Xiaoqiong. The article approaches Zheng the poet as a de facto social science researcher, whose accounts of migrant women present myriad counter points to the government, media and cultural elites, and scholars. It also reads her poems about as ethnographic material, which, the article demonstrates, enriches, expands, and in some cases challenges scholarly research. Situated in a China-specific social and political context, the article's discussion goes beyond the call for a “literary turn” in anthropology. Instead, it argues that for scholars who are serious about understanding the emotional cost of social inequality in China, seeking partnership with China's subaltern writers is not just desirable; it is essential.

Understanding the Role of Technology in Islamic Religious Education

This study intends to determine the function of educational technology in the learning paradigm of Islamic religious education in the modern period, particularly after the COVID-19 epidemic, which altered the educational hierarchy in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative research approach with a library research approach. Data collection by identifying various articles, journals, books or other sources. The analysis technique uses structured qualitative analysis. The findings of this study will demonstrate that educational technology plays a crucial role in Islamic religious education, particularly for high school and college students, particularly in each student's religious life and the afterlife. Technology and education are both readily available at a variety of educational levels. In education, the relationship between education and educational technology occurs naturally. The distribution of instructional materials requires the use of technology to facilitate the learning process. In light of this, we will investigate the role of educational technology in Islamic religious education in this article's discussion. Normalizing the school system in Indonesia is one of these measures after Indonesia adopts a new ordinary policy.

IDO: USER EVALUATION OF ONLINE FUNDRAISING MOBILE APPLICATION

Many aid organizations have historically relied on conventional methods of fundraising. The technology evaluation has enabled online funding which recently has gained popularity especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article's major discussion will focus on the evaluation of iDo, a mobile app for online fundraising. The evaluation processes were thoroughly covered, and the findings demonstrated that this application is usable and effective. This finding indicates that donations made via the internet are accepted, and the features used in this mobile application can serve as a model for other similar applications.

DIALEKTIKA FILSAFAT DALAM SEJARAH ISLAM: PEMIKIRAN DAN PROBLEMATIKANYA

Islamic philosophy has a long history of problems, both within and outside the Muslim body. Philosophy that originated in Greece has certainly given rise to judgment, condemnation, and even rejection from some Islamic circles. Al-Ghazālī (1058-1111 AD) with his book Tahāfut al-Falāsifah, which later made the stigma about philosophy worse and even led to his death, and which later appeared on the counter of an Ibn Rusyd with his book Tahafut At-Tahafut. This article highlights the thinking of Muslim philosophers and scholars in response to philosophy and mentions the reasons behind it, which will then be packaged in the form of the ups and downs of the development of Islamic philosophy. This article will also help decipher the origins of philosophy, its position in the tradition of thinking in Islam, and philosophy as a fusion between revelation and reason. This article's discussion uses a descriptive-analytical method that focuses on history. The results of this study can help recognize the role and position of philosophy in the intellectual history of Islam, which is then able to determine attitudes and views towards philosophy.

Turkey's Influence as a Third Country on the European Union: From Association to a Key Partner

AbstractTurkey represents a unique case for the European Union (EU) as a third country. Turkey's long standing institutionalized association with the EU furnished Turkey with formal and informal access to the EU. These access points, together with its structural power and bilateral relations with Member States shape the modalities of its influence. This article proposes that Turkish influence as a third country evolved with the interplay of its access to EU institutions and structural power. Turkey has different modes of access to EU which range from formal institutions and EU Agencies to its bilateral relations and its membership in institutions such as NATO. The article's empirical discussions identify how Turkey's influence as a third country on the EU policies is driven by this interplay of access and power, uncovering its role in different policy areas. Finally, Turkey's influence is visible in setting precedents for the EU's relations with other third countries.

Gender Performativity in Becky Albertalli’s Simon Vs. the Homo Sapiens Agenda

This article analyzes Becky Albertalli’s Simon Vs. The Homo Sapiens Agenda (2015) through the lens of gender performativity issues. The performativity experiences of a homosexual person are known to question American society's established beliefs about how individuals should perceive, respond to, and experience gender and sexuality. This research illustrates how gender and sexual identity, as well as cultural constructions of gender and attitudes toward specific sexual orientations, are viewed in the novel's notion of performativity. The article's discussion is framed using Judith Butler's idea of gender performativity. Through the thematic analysis of the work, it was discovered that societal norms governed gender through a series of performativity. The book's main character, Simon, discovers that it is challenging to express his identity as a homosexual because of the pressure from cultural norms that view people by using sexual orientations other than those of commoners as deviants. However, the main character changes the social perspective so that the idea of having a different sexual orientation is accepted through a series of events.

Human rights and posthuman poetics in contemporary Irish poetry: technology, media, ecology

ABSTRACT This article examines a series of poems by contemporary Irish authors writing in English, and focuses on the role of media technology in considering post-human ethics and human rights issues in these poems. Human rights discourse has faced the challenge of addressing the broadening of the category of ‘human’ through post-human ethics and aesthetics. What is therefore needed is a consideration of how the sphere or concept of human rights can encompass what Rosi Braidotti describes as ‘post-human subjects of knowledge – embedded, embodied and yet flowing in a web of relations with human and non-human others’. This theoretical framework informs the article's discussion of selected poems, how these poems approach human rights conflicts and violations in a distinctively post-human context, and how different manifestations of media technology shape and reflect such discussions. Poetry, technology, and the post-human subject are understood as equally embedded in the material, cultural, and political assemblages within which human rights and post-human ethics also emerge.

Identifying, Preventing and Overcoming Trademark Bullying in Indonesia

On the one side, trademark owners must be proactive in protecting their trademark from other trademarks to prevent their trademark from becoming generic. However, on the other side, it can cause negative effects for the community, especially trademark owners who are categorized as small business owners. The act of trademark owners excessively protecting their trademarks by accusing small businesses of violating their trademark is termed “trademark bullying”. This article's discussion will focus on a number of important goals. In addition, it will provide explanations and definition of trademark bullying, as well as identifying preventing and overcoming trademark bullying in Indonesia. It can be concluded that trademark bullying has occurred in Indonesia. The disputed issue is the use of a common word that the trademark owner considers an essential element of his/her trademark. To prevent trademark bullying that takes issue with the use of the common word of a brand, Indonesian government must start making regulations on descriptive fair use defense in order to provide legal certainty and healthy business competition. To be able to overcome trademark bullying, victims can try shaming the trademark bullies. It is considered quite effective and can make trademark bullies rethink in sending cease-anddesist letter or lawsuit against small business owners.

Integration of character education based on local culture through online learning in Madras Ahaliyah

The focus of this article's discussion is related to the integration of character education based on local culture at Madrasah Aliyah (Senior High School) in Aceh. The participants were determined purposively, and they were six Madrasah principals, and 50 teachers served at Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic secondary school ) throughout Aceh. The data were analyzed following the procedures of qualitative research. The results of the study suggest that the integration of character education based on local Acehnese culture was carried out through integration in learning, the preparation of a Characteristic Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) module, the role of the teacher as a role model, and the development of pesantren (boarding school) culture. The integration of character education based on local wisdom at Madrasah Aliyah in Aceh has implications for student character development, such as religion, integrity, critical thinking, independence, participating in social activities, and responsibility. Furthermore, the implementation of character education in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic was carried out through a distance-learning system (online). However, the use of this system still faces technical problems, but as a whole, it can be implemented effectively.
 Keywords: Character building, Integration, Online Learning, Covid-19

Role of Digital Finance to improvise Financial Inclusion and Sustainable Employment

This article discusses a few concerns related to digital finance, a topic that hasn't received much critical attention in the literature. Despite the fact that digital finance and financial inclusion have many benefits for the consumers and the policy makers for the economic growth of the nation, there are still concerns in implementation of digital financial services for the people, businesses, and governments. The article's discussion of digital finance challenges is pertinent to ongoing discussions and national-level initiatives aiming to increase financial inclusion through banking, use of smartphones in the developing and emerging economies.

A critical review of advanced nanotechnology and hybrid membrane based water recycling, reuse, and wastewater treatment processes

One of the modern challenges is to provide clean and affordable drinking water. Water scarcity is caused by the growing population in the world and pollutants contaminate all remaining water sources. Innovative water treatment solutions have been provided by nanotechnology. Microorganisms, organic suspensions, and inorganic heavy metal ions, among other things, are common water contaminants. Since antiquity, a wide range of water clean-up methods have been employed to address this issue. Breakthroughs in water purification procedures have occurred during the previous four decades, with the most significant one being the use of nanomaterials and nanomembranes. Nanoparticles and nanomembranes (polymeric membranes) have recently been used in engineered materials (TiO2, ZnO, CuO, Ag, CNT's and mixed oxide nanoparticles, for example). Engineered nanomembranes, nanocomposites and nanoparticles have been used in this review article's discussion of water purification technologies. The review also discusses the risk and solutions of using nanoparticles and nanocomposites in the future.

Corrigendum: Mifepristone as a Potential Therapy to Reduce Angiogenesis and P-Glycoprotein Associated With Glioblastoma Resistance to Temozolomide

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.581814.].

Upaya Mewujudkan Program Kampus Merdeka Pada Kurikulum PGMI STIT Al Ittihadiyah Labuhanbatu Utara

Abstract: The development of science and technology, the challenges of the quality of institutions, and skills in the 21st century are the main reasons for the need for an independent learning campus curriculum. This is an opportunity as well as a challenge for higher education institutions in producing quality human resources. This article aims to analyze efforts to realize an independent-campus learning curriculum in the PGMI STIT Al Ittihadiyah study program, North Labuhanbatu. The focus of this article's discussion is on the campus's efforts in realizing an independent campus curriculum. This study uses a qualitative approach to field research methods. Data collection was carried out by using online interview techniques using WhatsApp and document review. Through this research, it was found that the efforts made by the campus in realizing an independent campus (independent learning) were (1) Aligning the profile of graduates with the needs of society, (2) Determining approaches, strategies, and methods of learning by community demands, (3) Determining types and assessment techniques and (4) maps of curriculum alignment including Learning Outcomes (CPL), materials, methods, and assessment.