In response to perceived labour malpractices in Xinjiang, the US implemented the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA) in 2021. This legislation presumes that goods sourced from Xinjiang are inherently linked with forced labour, a decisive measure echoing human rights concerns. While the UFLPA emerges from human rights considerations, it may conflict with the core obligations of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (GATT 1994). This paper critically analyses the UFLPA’s compatibility with GATT 1994, specifically focusing on Articles I (Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)) and Article XI (Quantitative Restrictions). The US may seek to justify its trade-restrictive measures within UFLPA under the general exceptions of Article XX GATT 1994. Article XX (a), Article XX (b) and Article (e) are relevant for human rights protection. Among these, the public morals exception under Article XX (a) emerges as the most viable one the US could invoke. Nevertheless, the paper underscores a pivotal challenge: while the US might satisfy the necessity test, surpassing the challenges posed by the Chapeau remains a substantial debate. It is improbable for the US to prove that UFLPA is GATT-consistent.