Argentinian Adults Research Articles

The burden of premature coronary heart disease among adults with low socioeconomic status in Argentina: A modeling study.

The well-established inverse relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) cannot be explained solely by differences in traditional risk factors. To model the role SES plays in the burden of premature CHD in Argentina. We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model-Argentina to project incident CHD events and mortality in low and high-SES Argentinean adults 35 to 64 years of age from 2015 to 2024. Using data from the 2018 National Risk Factor Survey, we defined low SES as not finishing high-school and/or reporting a household income in quintiles 1 or 2. We designed simulations to apportion CHD outcomes in low SES adults to: (1) differences in the prevalence of traditional risk factors between low and high SES adults; (2) nontraditional risk associated with low SES status; (3) preventable events if risk factors were improved to ideal levels; and (4) underlying age- and sex-based risk. 56% of Argentina´s 35- to 64-year-old population has low SES. Both high and low SES groups have poor control of traditional risk factors. Compared with high SES population, low SES population had nearly 2-fold higher rates of incident CHD and CHD deaths per 10 000 person-years (incident CHD: men 80.8 [95%CI 76.6-84.9] vs 42.9 [95%CI 37.4-48.1], women 39.0 [95%CI 36.-41.2] vs 18.6 [95%CI 16.3-20.9]; CHD deaths: men 10.0 [95%CI 9.5-10.5] vs 6.0 [95%CI 5.6-6.4], women 3.2 [95%CI 3.0-3.4] vs 1.8 [95%CI 1.7-1.9]). Nontraditional low SES risk accounts for 73.5% and 70.4% of the event rate gap between SES levels for incident CHD and CHD mortality rates, respectively. CHD prevention policies in Argentina should address contextual aspects linked to SES, such as access to education or healthcare, and should also aim to implement known clinical strategies to achieve better control of CHD risk factors in all socioeconomic levels.

Validity and Reproducibility of an Electronic Food Frequency Questionnaire in Argentinian Adults.

This study aimed to validate a semiquantitative electronic food frequency questionnaire (eFFQ) in estimating the intake of a comprehensive list of nutrients and bioactive compounds among adults from six regions of Argentina using multiple 24 h dietary recall (24HR) as a reference. A total of 163 adults completed two administrations of the eFFQ and four 24HRs. The paired t-test/Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman/Pearson correlations, cross-classification, weighted kappa statistics, and Bland-Altman plots were employed to determine relative validity. To determine reproducibility, intraclass correlations (ICC), cross-classification, and weighted kappa statistics were calculated. For relative validity, crude correlations ranged from 0.15 to 0.57; energy adjustment and de-attenuation slightly improved most of these correlations. In cross-classification analysis, agreements within one quintile adjacent to exact agreement (EA ± 1) ranged from 52.2% to ~74%; extreme misclassifications were < 7%. For reproducibility, the crude ICC ranged from 0.29 to 0.85, showing moderate to good correlations for most nutrients. Cross-classification analysis showed agreement levels for the EA ± 1 quintile of 70.6% to 87.7%. Weighted kappa values ranged from 0.21 to 0.62. The results show that this eFFQ is relatively valid in ranking adults according to their nutrient intake and has an acceptable reproducibility, yet it slightly overestimates the intake of most nutrients.

Cost-Effectiveness of 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Argentinean Adults.

In Argentina, vaccination with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23; PCV13 → PPSV23) has been recommended for all adults aged ≥ 65 years and younger adults with chronic medical ("moderate-risk") or immunocompromising ("high-risk") conditions since 2017. With the approval of a 20-valent PCV (PCV20), we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 versus current recommendations for moderate-/high-risk adults aged 18-64 years and all adults 65-99 years. A probabilistic cohort model was used to project lifetime outcomes and costs associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and all-cause non-bacteremic pneumonia (NBP), and the expected impact of vaccination. Clinical outcomes were projected annually based on Argentinean data. Economic costs were estimated based on cases and corresponding medical costs (adjusted to 2023 USD) and costs of vaccine and administration. Cost-effectiveness of PCV20 was evaluated versus the current strategy, PCV13 → PPSV23, and alternatively, versus sequentially administered 15-valent PCV and PPSV23 (PCV15 → PPSV23), and presented as cost per quality-adjusted life year gained; a healthcare system perspective was used. Costs and benefits were discounted at 3%/year. PCV20 in lieu of PCV13 → PPSV23 among moderate-/high-risk adults aged 18-64 years and all adults 65-99 years (N = 13.4M) prevented 3838 IPD, 4377 inpatient NBP, and 6003 outpatient NBP cases, and 1865 disease-related deaths; relative to PCV15 → PPSV23 the corresponding reductions were 2775, 3285, 4518, and 1348. PCV20 was projected to be the dominant strategy versus PCV13 → PPSV23 and PCV15 → PPSV23 as overall costs were lower by $87.6M and $80.8M, respectively. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, PCV20 was dominant (i.e., more effective, less costly) in 100% of 1000 simulations. Analyses suggest implementing a PCV20 vaccination program in moderate-/high-risk adults aged 18-64 years and all adults ≥ 65 years-in lieu of PCV13 → PPSV23-would yield substantial reductions in pneumococcal disease and would be cost saving to the Argentinean healthcare system.

Psychometric Quality of the Sharenting Evaluation Scale (SES) in Argentinian Adults

Psychometric Quality of the Sharenting Evaluation Scale (SES) in Argentinian Adults

Alzheimer´s Disease initial cognitive profile in an Argentinian cohort of individuals with Down Syndrome

AbstractBackgroundDown Syndrome [DS] is the most frequent cause of genetic developmental and intellectual disability. The lifetime risk of Alzheimer’s Disease [AD] in people with DS is more than 90%, with an earlier age of onset than the general population. There is ongoing debate whether there are significant differences in dementia presentation in the specific context of DS, with some studies suggesting a predominantly frontal phenotype with behavioural symptoms and others suggesting a more frequent amnestic presentation.The aim of this study was to characterize the initial cognitive profile of AD in a cohort of Argentinian adults with DS.MethodAdults with DS and prodromal or established AD dementia who were part of the IASDA (Argentinian initiative for the study of DS and AD) cohort or spontaneusly attended our Memory Clinic were included. Initial cognitive profile was determined by a semi‐structured interview conducted by a cognitive neurologist with the subject, their family and caregivers.ResultSixteen adults with DS were included. Fifty‐six percent (n = 9) were males. Mean age was 51 yo (42‐59 yo). Sixty‐two percent (n = 10) had premorbid moderate intellectual disability [DI], 25% (n = 4) had severe DI and 13% (n = 2) had mild DI.Fifty‐six percent (n = 9) had a clinical diagnosis of prodromal AD, and the remaining individuals had clinically established AD dementia. Fifty percent (n = 8) had positive amiloid biomarkers (determined by cerebral PiB‐PET or cerebrospinal fluid levels of Aβ42, phosphorylated‐tau and total‐tau), while the remaining subjects did not undergo amiloid biomarker assessment. Due to cognitive impairment, premorbid language impairment and/or premorbid severe DI, only 25% (n = 4) of individuals completed neuropsychological testing (CAMDEX‐DS, Cued Recall Task).Initial cognitive profile was charactirized as amnestic (single‐domain amnestic or multiple‐domain amnestic) in 81% percent (n = 13) of the cohort. Only 13% (n = 2) of the subjects had initial non‐amnestic syndromes, and in one case (6%) the initial cognitive syndrome was uncertain.ConclusionAmnestic cognitive impariment was the most frequent presentation of AD in this small cohort of Latin American adults with DS.

Psychometric properties of the Intimate Partner Cyberstalking Scale in Argentinean adults

Intimate partner cyberstalking is associated with significant psychosocial, economic, and legal costs for both victims and perpetrators. However, despite these significant negative outcomes, there is a paucity in instruments designed to measure this behavior. Further, many of the measures lack validation and psychometric exploration. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Intimate Partner Cyberstalking Scale (IPCS; Smoker &amp; March, 2017). For this purpose, 595 adults of both genders (32% male; Mage = 30.08) were recruited in Argentina. Participants completed the IPCS-scale, a measure of internet trolling behavior, Dark Triad Personality scale, questions regarding use of new technologies, and demographic items. Both exploratory factor and confirmatory analyses yielded an adequate two-factor structure of the IPCS - scale (a dimension of indirect-direct cyberstalking and a dimension of indirect behaviors) with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas were .85 and 89, respectively). McDonald’s consistency and composite reliability were satisfactory as well. Concurrent validity was established with measures of trolling and the use of new technologies. Also, it was detected that these variables, along with gender and dark personality, were predictors of cyberstalking. Overall, results of the current project indicate the IPCS-scale is a valid and reliable measure of assessing both direct and indirect intimate partner cyberstalking behavior in Argentina.

Examining the integrated broaden-and-build model of positive emotions involving hope in a community sample of Argentinian adults: A selective test among victims of interpersonal aggression

The present study sought to provide a test of the integrated broaden-and-build model of positive emotions that incorporates components of hope (agency & pathways) as hypothesized predictors of life satisfaction in a community sample of 171 (137 female & 34 male) Argentinian adults who have been victims of interpersonal aggression. Results of testing for mediation, controlling for negative mood, indicated that positive mood had indirect effects on life satisfaction through hope agency, but not through hope pathways. Importantly, the direct effect of positive mood on life satisfaction became nonsignificant after accounting for hope. Thus, we found evidence for full mediation involving hope agency. Taken together, these findings provide further evidence for the importance of hope agency, but not hope pathways, as an important mechanism that might account for how positive mood fosters well-being in diverse adult populations.

Psychometric Properties of the Revised Trolling Questionnaire in Argentinean Adults

Trolling with new technologies is a disruptive, deceptive, and destructive behavior, with great psychosocial, legal, and economical relevance. However, there are no studies in the scientific literature that have examined the properties of questionnaires to assess them. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to observe the psychometric properties of the Revised Trolling Questionnaire by Buckels et al.’s in a sample of Argentinean adults. An intentional sample of 837 participants from Argentina (mean age = 28.4 years; 61% female) was formed. They completed the Buckels et al.’s Revised Trolling Questionnaire, measures of dark personality, Internet addiction, cyberstalking, and socio-demographic questions. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses indicated a one-factor structure with correct fit statistics. Internal consistency was adequate: Cronbach’s α = .80 and Omega coefficient (ω) = .81. Concurrent validity of the trolling questionnaire was observed with dark personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy), problematic Internet use (symptomatology and disfunctionality), and cyberstalking. Machiavellianism and disfunctionality were the most significant variables associated with trolling. Therefore, the Argentinean Spanish version of this test showed evidence of adequate psychometric properties.

Time Perspective and Decision-Making: A Study on Decisional Patterns in Argentinian Adults

The first aim of this study was to adapt the MDMQ to Argentinian Spanish and to collect evidence of its validity and reliability; the second was to determine if time perspectives were adequate predictors of decisionmaking styles. A first sample of 536 participants served in the validation process; a second sample of 209 individuals who completed the mdmq and the Brief Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) was used to conduct descriptive-correlational and regression analyses. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated a four-factor model with adequate internal consistency for each subscale. Regression analyses showed that future time perspective positively predicted the display of higher vigilant coping patterns —adaptive and rational decision-making style—. Meanwhile, less futuretime- oriented people were more likely to engage in defensive avoidance mechanisms to reach a decision. Past-negative and present-fatalistic time perspectives were positive predictors of non-vigilant decisionmaking style. It indicates that individuals with an aversive vision over their past experiences and present situation are more likely to engage in emotionally based and avoidant decision-making patterns. These findings support the reliability and construct-related validity of the MDMQ for assessing decision-making styles among Argentinian individuals and set a step for conducting more in-depth research in the field of decisionmaking and time perspective.

Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale: Evidence of Construct Validity in Argentinians.

Suicide is a global public health problem. The goal of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the measurement of suicide severity based on the Columbia suicide severity rating scale. We worked with a sample of 516 Argentinean adults, aged 18 to 75. The fit of a measurement model that differentiates between the various degrees of suicidal severity was verified. The specified model returns fit values above the suggested cut-off points, both for the occurrence and frequency indicators. The internal consistency indices from the composite reliability coefficient also show values above the cut-off points for both occurrence and frequency. Finally, evidence of construct validity was obtained from the relationship with external variables. The results are consistent with the theory, showing stronger effects of hopelessness on suicidal ideation compared to suicide attempts. Overall, evidence of construct validity for the measurement of suicidal severity is presented, a contribution that is essential in remedying the lack of studies on suicide in the region and promoting prevention strategies.

Role of tutorial classes and full day schooling on self-reported age of myopia onset: findings in a sample of Argentinian adults

PurposeTo investigate the effect of tutorial classes and schooling schedule in childhood on age of myopia onset. MethodsRefractive data for subjects ≥18 years of age were collected from 8 dispensing opticians or refractive ophthalmologists’ offices in Argentina. Age of myopia onset, spherical equivalent (SE), and risk factors were determined using questionnaires. Multiple linear regression models were applied to assess possible factors associated with age of myopia onset or final adult SE. ResultsA total of 274 adults (61.3% females) with myopia between −0.50 and −6.00 D were included. Mean age was 36.9 ± 14.5 years. The mean adult SE was −2.95 ± 1.45 D, and the mean age of myopia onset was 14.2 ± 5.4 years. Subjects that attended after-school tutorial classes (β = −2.23; P = 0.005) or a full day schedule in primary school (β = −1.07; P = 0.035) or that spent more time on near work (β = −0.70; P = 0.010) in childhood, had younger age of myopia onset. ConclusionsIn our study cohort, adults that had attended tutorial classes and/or full-day schooling during childhood had younger age of myopia onset.▪

Validation of the Social Connectedness Scale in Argentinean adult sample

The feeling of social connectedness is an extremely important factor for the psychosocial well-being of individuals. Experiencing closeness, belonging, and mutual acknowledgement with the people who are part of the social circle, contributes to the establishment and maintenance of positive and stable relationships over time, as well as numerous benefits regarding the quality of life and mental health of individuals. In order to contribute to the field of study of interpersonal relationships, this study aims to adapt and validate the Social Connectedness Scale for Argentinean adults. The sample consisted of 399 individuals between the ages of 18 and 79 who completed the scale which was previously translated and submitted to expert judges. The results confirmed the one-dimensional structure of the scale, invariant by sex, with good internal consistency (ω = .92). Furthermore, evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was provided through correlations with measures of extroversion (rp=.37) and social anxiety (rp = -.61). It is concluded that the measures provided by the Argentinean version of the social connectedness scale are both valid and reliable to be used in research, as well as in clinical settings in Argentinean population.

Emotional words in Spanish: Adaptation and cross-cultural differences for the affective norms for English words (ANEW) on a sample of Argentinian adults.

The Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW) are a set of normative emotional ratings for verbal stimuli that have been adapted to many different languages. This article presents the 1034 ANEW words adapted into Rioplatense Spanish, a regional variation of Spanish used in Latin America. A total of 483 volunteers rated three affective (valence, arousal, dominance) and three semantic variables (familiarity, imageability, concreteness). Several objective variables, such as frequency, number of letters, syllable length, and grammatical class were also included. The results showed the typical U-shaped distribution along valence and arousal, as well as strong correlations with other ANEW adaptations. Furthermore, our sample was compared with the European Spanish sample and the original US sample and differences between languages and regional variations were found, stressing the need for culturally-specific resources for experimental research.

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Impulsividad (UPPS-P) en una muestra de adultos argentinos

This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS-P) in its short version in a sample of Argentinean adults. Its factor structure and internal consistency were explored, as well as its convergent validity with experiential and rational thinking styles, along with psychopathy. At the same time, the relationship of impulsivity with narcissism and Machiavellianism was explored, controlling the scores in psychopathy. An intentional sample of Argentinean adults (N = 517) between 18 and 60 years old (54 % female, mean age 27) was selected. Participants responded on-line to this scale, a sociodemographic inventory, as well as to the Rational Experiential Inventory and the Dark Personality Scale. The results obtained were processed with the programs SPSS 23, Factor 8.10, and AMOS 16.0. The sample was randomly divided into two groups of n = 217 and n = 300. An exploratory factorial analysis was first performed on the first group, as a calibration study. After that, a confirmatory analysis was performed on the second group, as a replication study, since there are no previous studies on this subject in Argentina. A parallel analysis was first carried out with the Factor 8.10 program. A number of replications = 100 and percentile representation of simulations = .95 were used. Regarding the exploratory factor analysis, The Unweighted Least Squares method was used along with a Promin rotation. The final solution showed a structure of four factors: urgency, sensation seeking, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance, explaining 56 % of the variance. Each of these factors explained 16 %, 24 %, 10 %, and 6 % of the variance, respectively. The urgency factor included both the positive and negative urgency of the UPPS-P scale. The factor structure revealed is similar to the UPPS, a scale of impulsivity prior to the UPPS-P, made up of four factors. All items on the short scale were retained. Two items loaded better on a different factor. Cronbach's Alphas were adequate, ensuring internal consistency. Cronbach's α of the full scale was .79. Internal consistency was analyzed, resulting in Cronbach's α values of .76 for Emergency; .75 for Sensation Search; .69 for Lack of Premeditation, and .74 for Lack of Perseverance. The resulting Cronbach α values are similar to those of the Spanish version, which presented internal consistencies between .61 and .79. Subsequently, based on the factor structure found, confirmatory factor analysis was carried out on the second group sample. A relatively good fit was found for the model, with CFI and TLI values above .90 and the SRMR and RMSEA below .05. The authors' original model, which includes five factors, was also tested. The fit was less satisfactory compared to the previous model, because of the CFI, TLI, SRMR, and RMSEA indicators, and the difference in ∆ from the models, which was statistically significant at the p &lt; .001 level. Finally, a second-order model was tested with all four dimensions as first-order latent variables and impulsivity as second-order latent variables. The fit was relatively satisfactory, with CFI and TLI above .90 and SRMR and RMSEA below .05. Thus, the present adjustment revealed a second-order factor, as did the English short version of the UPPS-P (Cyders et al., 2014). The scale revealed convergent validity with the scores of psychopathy and the Rational Experiential Inventory. Psychopathy resulted positively related to impulsivity. In turn, the correlations between the dimensions of impulsivity and those of the Rational Experiential Inventory were negative with the rational thinking style -excluding sensation seeking- and positive with the significant ones of the experiential style. Significant partial correlations were observed between machiavellianism and narcissism and different dimensions of impulsivity, controlling psychopathy scores. It is demonstrated that the impulsivity scale in its short version maintains adequate psychometric properties in a sample of Argentinean adults.

Urban social determinants of non-communicable diseases risk factors in Argentina.

We examined associations of individual-, neighborhood- and city-level education -as proxies of SES at different levels-, with diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking and binge drinking (non-communicable disease risk factors -NCD/RF) among Argentinian adults. We estimated mixed models based on 21,415 individuals from the 2013 National Survey of Risk Factors, living in 2,698 neighborhoods and 33 cities. Gradients by individual-level education differed by gender and NCD/RF, and some were modified by city education. In addition, we identified contextual effects of neighborhood and city education on some NCD/RF. Urban efforts to tackle NCD/RF in Argentina should be context- and gender-sensitive, and mainly focused on socially disadvantaged groups.

The prevalence of migraine in Argentina: A reappraisal.

Argentina has one of the largest territories in the world, which spreads over a lengthy latitudinal span. Its population is mainly composed of a mixture of South American natives and the descendants of numerous waves of European immigrants. Results from a previous study suggested that the prevalence of migraine in Argentina is the lowest in the region. Here we aimed to reassess the prevalence of migraine in Argentina applying a more sensitive and specific screening tool. We conducted a random computer assisted telephonic interview (n= 2500) using the Migraine Screen Questionnaire to evaluate the prevalence of migraine and some of its features among Argentinian adults. The overall prevalence of migraine was 9.5% (14% in females and 5% in males). Estimated migraine prevalence rates ranged between 6.3% and 12% across different regions. The approximated prevalence of high frequency and chronic migraine were 1.9% and 1.5% of the total population respectively. Consumption of analgesics on 10 or more days per month was reported by 18% of migraine sufferers (≈1.7% of the population). The prevalence of migraine in Argentina is higher than previously reported. Prevalence rates vary extensively across the territory. Specifically evaluating the determinants of these variations might be a promising avenue of research.

Propuesta de evaluación de la condición física para población general: Batería Dickens

El objetivo es presentar una batería de pruebas suficientemente precisas y prácticas para evaluar la condición física en adultos argentinos de población general. Mediante una revisión no sistemática de la literatura se seleccionaron pruebas de campo suficientemente prácticas, precisas y con antecedentes de utilización en Argentina. Estas fueron Ir y volver 20 m para aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, Flexión de tronco modificado para flexibilidad y Prensión manual, Salto en largo y Extensiones de brazos en 30 segundos para fuerza muscular. Estas pruebas fueron administradas por especialistas a 410 estudiantes de educación física de 18 a 29,9 años de edad de ambos sexos pertenecientes a instancias iniciales y finales de la carrera para construir valores de referencia locales. Los datos fueron presentados según sexo y edad mediante percentiles, media y desvío estándar y se estudiaron las diferencias entre los grupos. Se encontraron en varones mayores niveles de fuerza y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria que en mujeres, mientras que no hubo diferencias entre sexos en flexibilidad. Algunas pruebas presentaron diferencias entre categorías de edad, pero estas diferencias no fueron regulares. La descripción de los resultados permitió presentar por primera vez valores de referencia de adultos argentinos para la evaluación de la condición física en población general.

Distribution of PCV13 and PPSV23 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in Argentinean adults with invasive disease, 2013–2017

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of severe invasive disease associated with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. To identify the serotypes most commonly associated with infection in adults in Argentina, 791 pneumococcal isolates from 56 hospitals belonging to 16 provinces and Buenos Aires city were serotyped. The isolates were submitted as part of a National Surveillance Program for invasive pneumococcal disease in adults, which started in 2013. Serotypes 3, 8, 12F, 7F and 1 were the most prevalent among adult patients. During the study period there was no significant difference in serotype distribution between the age groups studied (18–64 and ≥65 years old), except for serotype 1, 3 and 23A. Most prevalent serotypes in pneumonia were serotype 7F, 1, 12F, 8, and 3. When the clinical diagnosis was meningitis, serotype 3 and 12F were the most prevalent, whereas when the diagnosis was sepsis/bacteremia the most prevalent was serotype 8. In this work, for the 18–64-year-old group, PPSV23 and PCV13 serotypes accounted for 74.56% and 44.54% respectively of the cases in the studied period. On the other hand, for the ≥65-year-old group, these serotypes represented 72.30% and 41.42% respectively. The aim of this work was to establish the knowledge bases of the serotypes that cause invasive pneumococcal diseases in the adult population in Argentina and to be able to detect changes in their distribution over time in order to explore the potential serotype coverage of the vaccines in current use.

Maradona in our minds: The FIFA World Cup as a way to address collective memory properties.

The FIFA World Cup football tournament is one of the most widely watched sporting events in the world. Particularly, the Argentina national football team has appeared in five World-Cup finals and support for this team has been a long-standing tradition in this country. In the present study, we asked whether the FIFA World Cup constructs a significant collective memory and to what extent this informal memory is similar to collective memories acquired in more formal settings. An online memory task was conducted asking a large group of Argentinian adults (N=407) which country was the winner, the runner-up, and the host of each tournament from 1930 to 2014. In addition, participants were asked to rank the emotional content and the response confidence of each tournament. Finally, participants reported a number of keywords associated with each tournament, to measure memory detail. Our results reveal the existence of a robust collective memory for the World Cup events, showing a high degree of memory accuracy and detail with regard to the history of the tournaments. Furthermore, an independent replication study (N=124) confirmed our findings. More specifically, we found evidence for general principles of individual memories in FIFA World-Cup informal collective memories. These results suggest that informal collective memories share common attributes with more formal collective memories such as those found in presidents or wars. Thus, collective memory properties may be independent of the conditions under which their acquisition occurs.

Positive personality model: Which traits relate to complete mental health as conceived by the Dual Factor Model?

The aim of this research was to study the association between the Positive Personality Model (PPM) traits and the state of complete mental health as conceived by the Dual Factor Model (DFM). The sample was composed of 1502 Argentinean adults from the general population (age: M = 39.79, SD = 14.23; gender: 50.1% male, 49.9% female). A cluster analysis replicated the four-group classification of the DFM: complete mental health, symptomatic but content, troubled and vulnerable. The complete mental health cluster showed a significantly higher presence of sprightliness, serenity, moderation and integrity than the other groups. As for humanity, the complete mental health and the symptomatic but content groups had the highest scores. Sprightliness and serenity increased the odds of belonging to the complete mental health group while integrity and humanity decreased these odds. Implications for the Argentinean population are discussed.