Argentine Researchers Research Articles

History of the Taxonomic Studies of Marine Isopoda (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Argentina

The order Isopoda is one of the most speciose and morphologically diverse order within the Crustacea worldwide, and the Southwest Atlantic is not the exception. The knowledge of the marine isopod fauna in the Argentine Continental Shelf and Slope spans almost two centuries. It began during the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, when European and North American scientists directed their research to this part of world. Subsequently, some Argentine researchers continued the taxonomic studies on the Isopoda, focused mainly on intertidal and shallow waters species of the continental shelf. Currently, the taxonomic knowledge of Isopoda has significantly expanded due to the access to deep-sea environments. In the present contribution, the history of the taxonomic studies of Isopoda from Argentina is reviewed.

State interventions, inequalities and people as infrastructure at times of COVID-19 in Lagos, Nigeria

In this conversation RHJ Editors Solange and Ana met with the Argentine researchers and organisers, Lucia Cavallero, Verónica Gago and Florencia Presta to learn about the increase in housing violence and struggles for housing and home in Argentina during the pandemic. They describe the intensification of ‘landlord violence’ and land seizures as well as an ‘implosion of home’ as a result of accelerated indebtedness and impoverishment. We tackle issues of feminist spatiality and femicide in the pandemic including how housing and feminist struggles intersect.

Housing struggles and domestic territories in Argentina during the pandemic

In this conversation RHJ Editors Solange and Ana met with the Argentine researchers and organisers, Lucia Cavallero, Verónica Gago and Florencia Presta to learn about the increase in housing violence and struggles for housing and home in Argentina during the pandemic. They describe the intensification of ‘landlord violence’ and land seizures as well as an ‘implosion of home’ as a result of accelerated indebtedness and impoverishment. We tackle issues of feminist spatiality and femicide in the pandemic including how housing and feminist struggles intersect.

Researchers in Argentina: Scientific vocation, publication strategies and time‐management tactics

AbstractWe wanted to understand how the competitive scientific system affected researchers in Argentina, whose budget to finance science is noticeably lower than in other countries and historically unstable. The objective was to identify factors that influence scientific vocation, main publication strategies and time‐management tactics. A structured survey was designed and circulated online for 6 months (2018/2019). The 684 valid responses were separated per academic stage: PhD students (41%), postdoc fellows (21%) and senior researchers (38%). National science policies (answer frequency = 0.69) and resources/funding availability (0.62) had a negative influence on scientific vocation. The difficulties to access to scholarships/full‐time positions (0.48) had a negative influence mainly for younger researchers. Peer interaction activities were selected as positive factors for scientific vocation, for example work‐team (0.51), which also stimulated the generation of new ideas together with the collaboration with other groups (0.76) and conference attendance (0.59). The most frequent publishing strategy to become a full‐time researcher was publishing in high impact journals (0.87). However, young researchers mainly chose to make their findings public at conferences (0.57). Time devoted to scientific production was relevant (0.73) and followed by teaching (0.39), although the last was also the least stimulating activity for the generation of new ideas. Three highlights emerge from our results. First, scientific vocation is negatively affected by structural factors related to the scientific system and positively influenced by peer interaction instances. Second, to publish in high impact journals is the most advisable strategy to become a full‐time researcher. Third, the most time‐demanding activities are not those that most stimulate the generation of ideas. Emerging recommendations for National Science, Technology, and Innovation Ministry, Universities, and/or research organisms for early‐career Argentine researchers are as follows: increase national science budget, encourage work‐team meetings and stays abroad, keep contact with local communities, stakeholders and decision‐makers.

Penguins of Argentina: a bibliometric analysis

This study analyzes the scientific literature published on penguins in Argentina between 1985 and 2019. It examines the characteristics and the temporal variation in the number of publications, the total number of authors, the percentage of participation of Argentine researchers, the species and region of study, as well as the research topics they address. The results show a tendency towards an increase in papers and studies of these birds, the total number of authors, and the participation of researchers belonging to Argentine research centers during the period analyzed. The most studied penguin species was the Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus), followed by the Southern Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) and the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua). The most addressed research topics were foraging and diet, followed by reproduction and reproductive success, conservation and wildlife management, population dynamics and physiology and histology, which were carried out mainly in the Patagonian region and in the Malvinas Islands. The results help to understand the past, present and future state of scientific literature, which will strengthen decision-making on future research on penguins.

Reseña de libros: Tres semblanzas sobre el cuerpo

Absorto –del latín ab-sorptus– es el participio pasado del verbo absorbere, literalmente, “ingerir”, “absorber”, “tragar”. De entrada entonces, el-ojo-absorto es un sintagma inquietante. Un ojo que traga lo que ve. Un ojo, un órgano, que deviene cuerpo. Pero no para saciarse de aquello que devora, sino para hacerlo poesía. Para transformarlo, a partir de la mirada que nos devuelve la pantalla del cine. La portada del libro ya nos pone en tema. Se trata de una obra del singular diseñador cubano Pepe Menéndez, y representa un ojo, con su iris azulado y una negra pupila, enmarcado en un carretel de cine. El objeto resultante está apoyado en una superficie blanca, como si este peculiar “ojo -cine” pudiera ser separado del cuerpo. O mejor: como si el ojo mismo, cine mediante, hubiera devenido él mismo un cuerpo –autónomo, fragmentado, pero cuerpo al fin. Al inicio de nuestro periplo, entonces, el cuerpo ya aparece intervenido. Como si el autor nos advirtiera, desde la propia imagen de la portada, que dentro de los límites del encuadre cinematográfico, el cuerpo queda avistado, examinado y metamorfoseado en virtud del ejercicio de ver. Esta reseña de la obra de Alberto Garrandés1 propone, en fidelidad con el autor, una interlocución con el núcleo real que destilan sus ensayos. La propuesta es relativamente sencilla: tres jóvenes investigadoras argentinas aportan sus textos en sintonía con sendos pasajes de El ojo absorto. No comentan el libro, sino que lo multiplican, aportando la lectura analítica rioplatense. El libro de Garrandés, enorme en sí mismo, se ve suplementado por este ejercicio narrativo y a la vez éticoclínico. Porque ahora el cuerpo emerge doblemente tratado: desde el ensayo literario y desde el cine como esbozo, como rudimento de un análisis. A las variadas fuentes referidas por Garrandés, se suman autores como Alain Badiou, Jacques Lacan, Julio Cabrera, Barbara Cassin, Massimo Recalcati, Stanley Cavell, Slavoj Zizek, otorgándole así al cuerpo un estatuto que trasciende sus bordes iniciales. Estatuto que emerge de un encuentro impensado entre La Habana y Buenos Aires.

Mapping the Return of Argentine Researchers

Since 2003 the Argentine government runs the RAÍCES Programme (Network of Argentine Researchers and Scientists Abroad). This programme has been designed to mitigate the negative effects of the loss of skilled human resources. This study will address one of the main programme results of the RAÍCES Programme: the return of an important group of Argentine researchers who reinserted themselves into the main national agency dedicated to the promotion of scientific research in Argentina, that is, the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET, for its Spanish acronym). We will attempt to draw a map of their repatriation, giving some insights into its structural dynamics and highlighting the characteristics of the returnees using a statistical approach. At the same time, we will link different variables in order to understand different itineraries of returnees in the Argentine university scientific field that help us explain this geography.

Survey of Argentine health researchers on the use of evidence in policymaking.

ObjectiveIn this study, Argentine health researchers were surveyed regarding their perceptions of facilitators and barriers to evidence-based policymaking in Argentina, as well as their publication activities, and research environment satisfaction.MethodsA self-administered online survey was sent to health researchers in Argentina. The survey questions were based on a preceding qualitative study of Argentine health researchers, as well as the scientific literature.ResultsOf the 647 researchers that were reached, 226 accessed the survey, for a response rate of 34.9%. Over 80% of researchers surveyed had never been involved in or contributed to decision-making, while over 90% of researchers indicated they would like to be involved in the decision-making process. Decision-maker self-interest was perceived to be the driving factor in the development of health and healthcare policies. Research conducted by a research leader was seen to be the most influential factor in influencing health policy, followed by policy relevance of the research. With respect to their occupational environment, researchers rated highest and most favourably the opportunities available to present, discuss and publish research results and their ability to further their education and training. Argentine researchers surveyed demonstrated a strong interest and willingness to contribute their work and expertise to inform Argentine health policy development.ConclusionDespite Argentina’s long scientific tradition, there are relatively few institutionalized linkages between health research results and health policymaking. Based on the results of this study, the disconnect between political decision-making and the health research system, coupled with fewer opportunities for formalized or informal researcher/decision-maker interaction, contribute to the challenges in evidence informing health policymaking in Argentina. Improving personal contact and the building of relationships between researchers and policymakers in Argentina will require taking into account researcher perceptions of policymakers, as highlighted in this study.

IX International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation REV 2012

The ninth edition of the International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV) [1] was held at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Deusto, Bilbao (Spain), from the 4th to the 6th of July, 2012. A world-class research community in the subject of remote and virtual laboratories joined the event. The publication in the Latin American Learning Technology Journal (IEEE-RITA: REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE TECNOLOGIAS DEL APRENDIZAJE) of three selected papers written by Ibero-American authors evidences that this circle attends to the design and deployment of Technology-Enhanced Learning tools supporting experimental activities in Science, Engineering, Technology and Maths (STEM). The first contribution, entitled “Performing Real Experiments from a Remote Learning Management System,” written by Argentine researchers, describes the integration of remote experiments in the area of electronic physics in a Learning Management System hosted at the National University of Rosario, Argentina, and its subsequent use. The second contribution, entitled “Adaptation Model of Mobile Remote Experiments for Basic Schools,” by Brazilian and Portuguese researchers, describes the use of simple remotely-accessible physical experiments in an attractive scenario for young Brazilians, in STEM areas, through a tripartite initiative (University—Business—School) funded by the National Scientific and Technological Development Council (CNPq) of Brazil. Finally, the third contribution, entitled “Adapting Remote Labs to Learning Scenarios: Case Studies Using VISIR and RemotElectLab,” developed by Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish researchers, describes the long road that remote laboratories have yet to go to reproduce, as closely as possible, the experimental scenarios that occur in a real laboratory in the context of higher education and in the area of electrical and electronic circuits. Finally, we would like to emphasize something written in the last paper when describing and using remote laboratories: that only an effective dialogue between all stakeholders (technology, pedagogy, engineers, teachers and students) allows the consolidation and progress of this educational technology

<b> Neoliberalismo, biopoder y comunidad: los conflictos en torno al régimen de gobierno de células madre de cordón umbilical en Argentina </b> - doi: 10.5102/rbpp.v2i1.1577

Cells therapies and regenerative medicine, together with other emergent technologies coming from biotechnology and nanotechnology fi eld, constitute one of research lines promoted in Argentine in these years. Nevertheless, this priority hasn’t been supported by a previous defi nition of a regulatory program. Even without this program, diff erent social actors (private bio-banks, families, researchers, judges, philosophers), including State, advanced in the developing of practices with steam cells (therapeutic, commercial, experimental practices) and in the formulation of recommendations, opinions, norms. Th e regime for the government of umbilical cordon’s steam cells is in process of construction, subject to an “inventiveness” characterized by the juxtaposition of diff erent interests, rationalities, vocabularies. Th e hypothesis that we support is that bioethics, principles and norms that fi nally conduct practices with steam cells, don’t come from moral philosophers and jurist’s deliberations, but it is inventing in eff ective uses and those imagined by families, researchers, investors, and so on. Th is inventiveness is not developed in a pacifi c but in a controversial way. Starting with the analysis of a corpus of discourses produced by fi ve diff erent statement positions-families, private bio-banks, argentine researchers, state authorities and judges- in this article characterize the confl ict between refl ections, vocabularies, interests, technologies and bio- -ethics, that are at centre of debate related to therapeutic uses of steam cells from umbilical cord.

La productividad científica argentina en Ciencias Sociales: Economía, Psicología, Sociología y Ciencia Política en el CONICET (2004-2008)

This study analyses a dataset elaborated by the author, using as sources the CVs of 414 Argentine researchers in economics, sociology, political science, and psychology affiliated with the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). The findings indicate that the researchers’ publication patterns vary across the different scientific disciplines. Moreover, a multivariate regression analysis reveals that the place where the researchers’ doctoral studies occurred has a positive and statistically significant association with the circuit of scholarly journals in which they choose to publish.

Popularization by Argentine researchers: the activities and motivations of CONICET scientists

This paper presents the findings of a survey on popularization activities by 1700 scientists in Argentina. The tool used for this research was a questionnaire containing 21 questions on discipline, age, status in hierarchy, intensity of popularization activity, motives, difficulties and opinions on public issues and science policy. Our analysis of the data shows that patterns of public popularization in Argentina do not substantially differ from those found in two advanced countries, namely France and the United Kingdom. This situation contrasts with the strong differences found in research practices in “central” and “peripheral” countries.

Por una relectura de la historiografía del arte latinoamericano a partir de la noción de “itinerario” de Diana Weschler y “Composiciones y descomposiciones” de María Soledad García

El presente ensayo analiza dos propuestas de relectura de la historiografía del arte latinoamericano hechas por dos investigadoras argentinas, con el fin de empezar a establecer qué preguntas se hacen hoy los(as) historiadores(as) del arte, hacia dónde dirigen sus esfuerzos y si hay entre ellos puntos de encuentro. La primera propuesta es la de Diana Weschler (2008), su trabajo plantea los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Es válido pensar el arte moderno latinoamericano por fuera de la perspectiva de las modernidades reflejas (Beck, 1986, 1996; Beck, Giddens, y Lash, 1994)?, ¿qué implicaciones tiene para la historiografía latinoamericana pensar la modernidad como co-producción?, ¿qué eventos nos permite pensar la categoría “itinerarios”? La segunda propuesta es la de María Soledad García (2009), quien se pregunta qué elementos configurarían una historia crítica del arte, ¿cuáles principios historiográficos comprendería la labor de una historia crítica?, ¿cómo podría desarrollarse? Tanto el trabajo de Weschler (2008), como el de García (2009) permiten una primera aproximación a lo que se discute hoy en el terreno de la historiografía del arte latinoamericano, disciplina que por cierto, tiene una tradición de seis décadas en Argentina y en Colombia, apenas inicia.

The public CV database of Argentine researchers and the 'CV-minimum' Latin-American model of standardization of CV information for R&D evaluation and policy-making

This paper discusses the conceptual and methodological design and objectives of the Standardized and Unified CV Database of the Argentine Scientific and Technological Human Resources (the CVar database) project. This is a public electronic database of researchers' CVs developed by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation in Argentina. The paper also addresses the main potential uses of this source of information (complementary to more traditional sources of data such as bibliometrics or patent analysis) for research evaluation, understanding the dynamics of career trajectories, policy-making and network studies. The Argentine case has some defining characteristics which make it different from other Latin-American experiences: the political perspective of the national government on the project, the inclusion of the main S&T institutions of the country in its design as a strategy to encourage its further adoption for the academic and scientific community, and the implementation of a specific database design strictly directed to the exploitation of the information and the creation of new indicators (database design used as the ‘basic core’ of a standardized template of a Latin-American CV, from which it will be possible to integrate information coming from different electronic CV databases in the region). Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

Hypermedia urban models in virtual environments: Case studies of central areas of Argentine cities

The virtual models of urban fragments recreate environments of simulation and analysis with a great degree of realism. This paper addresses a review of case studies in which Argentine researchers from three different university centres have worked jointly. We examine spatial databases from a representational and communicational perspective as virtual 3D, walk-through, and interconnected urban models. Our aim is to explore, recognise and analyse advances in this direction, and to apply them to the development of virtual models of central areas in the Argentine cities of Buenos Aires, Rosario, Santa Fe and Mar del Plata. We present the methodology used to analyse the design, production and management processes of the virtual model as well as the results of our research. We acknowledge that these models are consistent non-traditional instruments of analysis which complement the knowledge of the city and facilitate spatial comprehension. Finally, we review predominant tendencies.

Hypermedia Urban Models in Virtual Environments: Case Studies of Central Areas of Argentine Cities

The virtual models of urban fragments recreate environments of simulation and analysis with a great degree of realism. This paper addresses a review of case studies in which Argentine researchers from three different university centres have worked jointly. We examine spatial databases from a representational and communicational perspective as virtual 3D, walk-through, and interconnected urban models. Our aim is to explore, recognise and analyse advances in this direction, and to apply them to the development of virtual models of central areas in the Argentine cities of Buenos Aires, Rosario, Santa Fe and Mar del Plata. We present the methodology used to analyse the design, production and management processes of the virtual model as well as the results of our research. We acknowledge that these models are consistent non-traditional instruments of analysis which complement the knowledge of the city and facilitate spatial comprehension. Finally, we review predominant tendencies.

An overview of Argentine contributions to diabetes research in the decade of the 1990s

Argentina has a longstanding tradition of diabetes research, beginning with the seminal work of Prof. Bernardo A. Houssay, who was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Medical Sciences for his studies on the relationship between diabetes and pituitary function. Prof. Luis F. Leloir, who was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in carbohydrate metabolism, also inspired younger generations of biologists to work in the field of diabetes research. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the contributions of Argentine researchers during the 1990s. This manuscript includes only reports of Argentine researchers working on diabetes in local laboratories and quoted in Medline. Thus, important contributions not reported in journals included in Medline or produced by Argentine researchers working abroad may have been omitted. The material consists of a brief description of clinical research (epidemiology and costs, metabolic control, associated risk factors, immunological aspects, and other clinical studies) and basic research (animal model with spontaneous diabetes, islet morphology and function in normal and pathological conditions, insulin action, metabolic disorders related to diabetes, and some miscellaneous effects related to drug-induced diabetes). Altogether, a broad idea of the continuous contribution of our national research to the international field of diabetes is provided, as well as a list of Argentine researchers and research centers devoted to the study of diabetes.

An overview of Argentine contributions to diabetes research in the decade of the 1990s

Argentina has a longstanding tradition of diabetes research, beginning with the seminal work of Prof. Bernardo A. Houssay, who was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Medical Sciences for his studies on the relationship between diabetes and pituitary function. Prof. Luis F. Leloir, who was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in carbohydrate metabolism, also inspired younger generations of biologists to work in the field of diabetes research. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the contributions of Argentine researchers during the 1990s. This manuscript includes only reports of Argentine researchers working on diabetes in local laboratories and quoted in Medline. Thus, important contributions not reported in journals included in Medline or produced by Argentine researchers working abroad may have been omitted. The material consists of a brief description of clinical research (epidemiology and costs, metabolic control, associated risk factors, immunological aspects, and other clinical studies) and basic research (animal model with spontaneous diabetes, islet morphology and function in normal and pathological conditions, insulin action, metabolic disorders related to diabetes, and some miscellaneous effects related to drug-induced diabetes). Altogether, a broad idea of the continuous contribution of our national research to the international field of diabetes is provided, as well as a list of Argentine researchers and research centers devoted to the study of diabetes. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.