Work In Area Research Articles

Features of Providing Air Temperature and Humidity Parameters in the Engine Room Working Area at Sewage Pumping Stations

Statement of the problem. There is an important task for engineers to improve the working conditions of workers in industrial facilities. The waste water system includes a large number of structures with different temperature and humidity microclimate characteristics. The possibility has been discussed to improve these characteristics by redistributing air flows in the engine room of a city sewage pumping station with PLI panel. Results. There are the results of the temperature and humidity microclimate parameters research in the working area of the engine room at a high-voltage sewage pumping station which is located in Moscow. The author has proved the possibility of use the cooled air from the machine room lower level in a high-voltage pumping station at the machine room main working area. It has been described the calculation features of the heat transfer coefficients in the proposed model for local ventilation at the main technological working area. It has been described the results of temperature and humidity parameters instrumental study in the main working area and the lower level. Conclusion. Thelocal ventilation systems could be used for the working area, where an employee performs repair work of the main technical equipment in a sewage pumping station. The balanced mathematical thermal model includes PLI panel’s potential location.

A mixed-method approach to designing an entrepreneurial behavior development model in agricultural cooperatives of Kermanshah Province

IntroductionOne of the main problems of agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province is the weakness in developing entrepreneurial behaviors. If these entrepreneurial behaviors are developed in agricultural cooperatives, it can be expected that their innovative products and services will be developed and expanded, and the field of improving food security and advancing rural and agricultural development programs in Kermanshah province will be provided. So, the present study aimed to design an entrepreneurial behavior development model in agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province using an exploratory mixed-method approach.MethodsIn the qualitative part of the study, the participating team included all key informed individuals in the entrepreneurship area in the cooperatives of Kermanshah province. Thirty participants were selected by snowball purposive sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative phase involved 530 managers and members of the active agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province. Among them, 223 were selected by the stratified sampling method and the use of Krejcie and Morgan's table. The data collected in the qualitative phase were analyzed by the Nvivo8 software, and the grounded theory was developed in the form of a conceptual model. In the model analysis, the research hypotheses were first compiled and then analyzed by the path analysis method in SPSS 23 and SmartPLS3 software.ResultsThe results of the quantitative phase showed that the causal conditions impacting entrepreneurial behavior development in agricultural cooperatives encompassed the acquisition of economic profits, personal incentives, enjoyment of human and financial credits, internal disputes, insufficient knowledge of the members, and managerial supports. The intervening factors consisted of sanctions, market fluctuations, and climatic changes, and contextual factors comprised cultural factors, diverse working areas, insufficient financial supports, the development of new markets, the institutions' rate of participation in and cooperation with cooperatives, and administrative bureaucracy. Likewise, the proposed strategies embraced promotional-educational practices, the constant modernization of cooperatives, reduction in administrative bureaucracy, supporting entrepreneurship, developing marketing, transparency in the cooperative, eliminating the intermediates, and supportive-financial policies, all of which gave rise to some consequences such as self-sufficiency in production, prevention from cooperative's depression, the development of producing capacities, an increase in job creation, and improvement in the livings of people. The mentioned model was also evaluated in the quantitative section and subsequently approved.DiscussionBased on the results, it can be said that for the development of entrepreneurial behaviors in agricultural cooperatives, a set of factors must be considered in interaction with each other. Based on the results, it is recommended to increase the information and awareness of cooperative members in the field of improving entrepreneurial behavior.

Wood Chippers

The position and shape of the feed channel (FC) in low-power woodchippers significantly affect the way machine operators' upper limbs move. The execution of operator's movements can be accomplished in different working areas: comfortable, acceptable, or not recommended due to overloads in the musculoskeletal system. Three groups of male subjects from Central Europe, divided according to anthropometric dimensions from centile groups C5, C50 and C95, were selected to assess upper limb movement, by adopting a Motion Capture measurement method. The tests have shown that the limb closer to the FC (left hand in this study) carries out all the movements in the allowed zone (AZ), while between 79% and 96% of the limb movement is contained within the comfort zone (CZ). The right limb has a greater amplitude of motion outside the CZ working area – from 0% to 69% and for AZ – in the CZ can vary by up to 51%. It was found that commercial low-power woodchippers deployed in urban areas, typically induce overloads in the musculoskeletal system of the operator during the use. Based on the research results, the authors see the need to improve FC position adjustment for the operators of these machines.

Factors Associated With The Incidence Of Diarrhea In ToddlersIn The Meureubo Health Center Working Area, Meureubo Sub-District, West Aceh District In 2023

Diarrhea in children under five is a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries, where the incidence and mortality rate due to diarrhea is still high. This phenomenon is further exacerbated by the lack of access to proper sanitation and health education among the community. This study aims to identify factors related to the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the working area of the Meureubo Health Center, Meureubo District, West Aceh Regency, in 2023. The method used is a literature study, with data and information obtained from various sources, including scientific journals, articles, and related reports. The analysis was carried out on factors that affect the incidence of diarrhea, such as environmental sanitation, diet, immunization status, and parental knowledge about health and diarrhea prevention. Although there has been previous research on diarrhoea in toddlers, there is still a lack of understanding the specific association between parental knowledge and the incidence of diarrhoea in this local context. The results of the study showed that drinking water quality, hygiene practices, and parental knowledge about diarrhea prevention had a significant influence on the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. These findings emphasize the need for health interventions that focus on improving access to clean water, good sanitation, and education for parents. This research is expected to provide useful information for the development of more effective health intervention programs in the region as well as increase public awareness about the importance of diarrhoea prevention among toddlers.

Vision rehabilitation workforce in Italy: a country-level analysis

BackgroundResearch and monitoring of human resources available for vision rehabilitation services has been a neglected area of work in the past. This study aims to offer an overview of the vision rehabilitation workforce available in Italy, in order to profile the distribution and number of human resources for vision rehabilitation.MethodsData on the available vision rehabilitation professionals were collected from the yearly report on the state of implementation of policies relating to the prevention of blindness, education and vision rehabilitation, according to a law which was passed by the Italian Ministry of Health, Department of Health Prevention. The report presents a review of all professional workers dealing with low vision rehabilitation centers in Italy between January 2005 and December 2019. Data on the distribution and type of services of government-supported low vision centers across the country were also obtained and examined.ResultsOf the 289 low vision rehabilitation workers in 2019, 28% were ophthalmologists, 31% orthoptists, 19% psychologists, 17% nurses and 5% social workers.The health workforce densities across the Italian regions ranged from 1.62 to 0.12 per 100.000. The density of vision rehabilitation workers showed a no growing trend from 2006 to 2015. During the study period, it was found a weak but statistically significant association of workforce density with the number of government-supported low vision centers across the Italian territory (r2 = 0.3, p < 0.05). The vision rehabilitation workforce was not associated with the number of low vision patients who accessed to a vision rehabilitation center (r2 = 0.05, p < 0.0001).DiscussionA critical review has identified the following national situation: need-based shortages of workers in the vision rehabilitation service sector, as well as deficiencies in data sources. Based on our results, we would recommend increasing the development of human resources trained and dedicated to vision rehabilitation and improve data collection and analysis; provide structural enhancements, across all service levels. These considerations may contribute to the enhancement of policy decisions in order to guarantee an adequate vision rehabilitation workforce and meet national rehabilitation needs. Furthermore, this analysis should be used as a lesson learned by other countries, as low-income ones, in order to develop vision rehabilitation services.

Pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan terhadap prevalensi demam berdarah dengue di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sangurara, Bulili dan Birobuli Kota Palu

Dengue fever is one of the diseases that is still a problem in Indonesia. The incidence of DHF cases in Central Sulawesi, especially Palu City, has increased every year. Environmental and socio-economic factors affect the breeding of Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes. This study aims to determine the effect of socio[1]economic and environmental conditions on the incidence of DHF in the working areas of Sangurara, Bulili and Birobuli health centers in Palu City, Central Sulawesi. The method used quantitative with cross sectional research design. Sampling using Simple Random Sampling technique. The number of samples was 51 cases and 51 controls. Analysis technique used Chi- Square. From the results of the study, the variables that significantly influenced the incidence of DHF were education (p-value = 0.012), occupation (p-value = 1.000), income (p-value = 0.029), frequency of draining containers (p-value = 0.008), habit of hanging clothes (p-value = 0.031), home environment conditions (p-value = 0.005). While the variables that did not affect the incidence of DHF were the availability of lids on containers (p-value = 1.000), and the presence of larvae in containers (p-value = 0.127). This study concluded that education, income, frequency of container draining, habit of hanging clothes and home environmental conditions had a significant influence on the incidence of DHF and there was no influence between occupation, availability of container lids and the presence of larvae in containers.

Factors Associated With The Incidence Of Diarrhea In Toddlersin The Meureubo Health Center Working Area, Meureubo Sub-District, West Aceh District In 2023

Diarrhea is a potential endemic disease that can result in extraordinary outbreaks (KLB) and is often associated with mortality. According to data from the Meureubo Health Center in 2022, this center recorded the highest percentage of diarrhea cases among toddlers, reaching 67%. This study aims to examine the relationship between several factors clean water sources, latrine facilities, household waste management, wastewater disposal, maternal knowledge and education, nutritional status, personal hygiene, and environmental sanitation and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers within the Meureubo Health Center working area, Meureubo District. This quantitative research utilizes a cross-sectional design and was conducted from May 13-29, 2023. The population includes all toddlers in the Meureubo Health Center working area, with a sample size of 97. Proportional random sampling was used to select the 97 respondents. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with Stata 15, including univariate and bivariate analyses. The univariate results show that 43.30% of toddlers experienced diarrhea, 19.58% lacked access to clean water, 5.15% had inadequate latrine facilities, 57.73% faced insufficient household waste management, and 21.65% had improper wastewater disposal systems. Additionally, 30.93% of mothers had poor knowledge, 35.05% had a primary education level, 20.62% of toddlers were malnourished, and 39.18% had poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Bivariate analysis reveals significant relationships between diarrhea incidence in toddlers and clean water sources (p-value: 0.0001), latrine facilities (p-value: 0.013), household waste management (p-value: 0.0001), wastewater disposal (p-value: 0.0001), maternal knowledge (p-value: 0.0001), maternal education (p-value: 0.036), nutritional status (p-value: 0.022), and personal hygiene and environmental sanitation (p-value: 0.0001). It is recommended that health workers, particularly those in health promotion, provide counseling on personal hygiene and environmental cleanliness

Factors Influencing The Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers in The Work Area of Kadudampit Health Center, Sukabumi District

Aims: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers within the working area of Kadudampit Health Center, Sukabumi District. Methods: This research employed a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all mothers with toddlers in Sukamaju Village, within the Kadudampit Health Center working area of Sukabumi District, totaling 362 respondents. A simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: There is a significant influence of maternal knowledge, parenting patterns, economic status, maternal education, and exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of stunting (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, these factors collectively influence the incidence of stunting. Among these variables, economic status is the most dominant factor affecting stunting, with an odds ratio (OR) value of 13.207. Conclusion: There is a simultaneous influence of maternal knowledge, parenting, economic status, maternal education, and exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of stunting, with economic status being the most dominant variable affecting stunting.

Innovative Electrostatic Precipitator Solutions for Efficient Removal of Fine Particulate Matter: Enhancing Performance and Energy Efficiency

The removal of particulate matter (PM) from air streams is essential for advancing environmental technologies and safeguarding public health. This study explores the performance of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) in eliminating fine and ultra-fine PM under varied experimental conditions. It uniquely examines the influence of PM size and feed rate on ESP removal efficiency. The system’s use of low voltages enhances energy sustainability, while its innovative design improves corona discharge, leading to significant reductions in fine and ultra-fine PM emissions. Plants using electrical devices are increasingly being incorporated into material processing lines to reduce pollution in the surrounding work area, as well as to collect particle emissions in the atmosphere. It is also possible to recycle some raw materials in this way with low energy consumption. This cleaning technology increases the added value of industrial equipment, which affects its competitiveness and its impact on sustainable manufacturing. The experimental results indicate a steady electrostatic field voltage of 15.1 kilovolts, with an airflow maintained at 0.8 m/s through a doser at 2.5 bar, eliminating the need for a fan. The PM feed rate varied between 2 and 20 mm/h, with six trials conducted to ensure the data were consistent. Preliminary studies devoid of ESP intervention demonstrated little PM removal, since buildup on the chamber walls distorted the results. The installation of the ESF markedly enhanced the removal efficiency, achieving up to 95.5%. Further analysis revealed that ESP performance depended on PM concentration in the agglomeration chamber, achieving a clearance rate exceeding 98% under optimal conditions. Fine PM (0.35 to 8.7 µm) was more efficiently removed than ultra-fine PM (0.2 to 0.35 µm). The highest removal efficiency was observed at a feed rate of 0.962 mg/s, while the lowest occurred at 0.385 mg/s. A strong positive correlation between particle concentration and removal efficiency (Pearson value up to 0.829) was observed, particularly at feed rates of 0.128, 0.641, and 1.283 mg/s. The study’s findings confirm that the ESP is highly effective in removing particulate matter, particularly fine and ultra-fine particles, with an optimal feed rate, significantly enhancing the system’s performance.

Interpretation of statistical findings in randomised trials: a survey of statisticians using thematic analysis of open-ended questions

SummaryBackgroundDichotomisation of statistical significance, rather than interpretation of effect sizes supported by confidence intervals, is a long-standing problem.MethodsWe distributed an online survey to clinical trial statisticians across the UK, Australia and Canada asking about their experiences, perspectives and practices with respect to interpretation of statistical findings from randomised trials. We report a descriptive analysis of the closed-ended questions and a thematic analysis of the open-ended questions.ResultsWe obtained 101 responses across a broad range of career stages (24% professors; 51% senior lecturers; 22% junior statisticians) and areas of work (28% early phase trials; 44% drug trials; 38% health service trials). The majority (93%) believed that statistical findings should be interpreted by considering (minimal) clinical importance of treatment effects, but many (61%) said quantifying clinically important effect sizes was difficult, and fewer (54%) followed this approach in practice.Thematic analysis identified several barriers to forming a consensus on the statistical interpretation of the study findings, including: the dynamics within teams, lack of knowledge or difficulties in communicating that knowledge, as well as external pressures. External pressures included the pressure to publish definitive findings and statistical review which can sometimes be unhelpful but can at times be a saving grace. However, the concept of the minimally important difference was identified as a particularly poorly defined, even nebulous, construct which lies at the heart of much disagreement and confusion in the field.ConclusionThe majority of participating statisticians believed that it is important to interpret statistical findings based on the clinically important effect size, but report this is difficult to operationalise. Reaching a consensus on the interpretation of a study is a social process involving disparate members of the research team along with editors and reviewers, as well as patients who likely have a role in the elicitation of minimally important differences.

E-learning and sustainability of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review and synthesis

Purpose This study aims to examine the state of literature on the role of e-learning in the sustainability of higher education institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa, with the goal of identifying explored thematic areas, finding out the deficiencies in extant literature and recommending areas of future research work. Design/methodology/approach The research used a systematic literature review, examining articles published between 2012 and 2022. In total, 52 publications were identified and subjected to analysis. Findings The findings reveal that few studies have explored the relationship between e-learning and the sustainability of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa, with larger economies in the region dominating research output. In addition, traditional technology adoption and social learning theories dominate the theoretical frameworks in this area. Moreover, the authors observed limited adaptation of these theories to local contexts, leading to outcomes with limited contextual details or lack of the same. Despite its potential, e-learning has yet to be fully embraced as a strategic tool for the sustainability of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Originality/value Although various systematic literature reviews exist in the field of sustainability in higher education, there seem to be no reviews specifically focused on e-learning within the context of Sub-Saharan Africa. This review sheds some light on potential future research paths regarding the theory, content and context of e-learning for the sustainability of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa, and by extension, in developing countries worldwide.

Stabilizing Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 DM Patients by Providing Benson Relaxation Therapy Combined with Dhikr Based on Self-Care Orem

Background: People with diabetes mellitus experience hyperglycemia, the higher the likelihood of complications if do not get the right treatment immediately. In addition, people with diabetes mellitus are prone to stress because the disease is difficult to cure and patients must take medications every day. Therefore, proper management is needed. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of self-care orem-based dhikr combination benson relaxation therapy on blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the Ujungpangkah Gresik Health Center Working Area. Method: This type of research uses Quasy Experiment with Pretest Posttest Control Group Design. The sample in this study was 46 respondents, which were divided into 2 groups, namely 23 respondents for the control group and 23 respondents for the intervention group. The independent variable of this study was benson relaxation therapy combined with dhikr, while the dependent variable was blood sugar levels. The data were analyzed using paired T-Test and Independent T-test tests on blood sugar level variables with kemaknaan α=0,05. Results: The results of the independent t-test on the variable of blood sugar levels with a significant level of 0.000 &lt; α = 0.05, showed that there was an effect of the administration of benson relaxation therapy combined with dhikr on blood sugar levels in type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that benson relaxation therapy combined with dhikr has an effect on blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the future, it is hoped that health workers can increase the provision of information and education evenly to health service places.

Coparenting Approach to Being Successful Exclusively Breastfeeding

Breast milk is the first nutrient for infants because it contains essential nutrients for growth and development, so exclusive breastfeeding can prevent the risk of stunting and wasting in children. The lack of breastfeeding in infants is a threat to the long-term growth and development of children. Effective coparenting strongly impacts breastfeeding success rates because of its positive energy. Developing effective coparenting during the transition to becoming a parent is very helpful in the process of carrying out the role of parent, resolving conflict and supporting one's partner in raising children. The study aimed to analyze the success of Coparenting Approach to Being Successful Exclusively Breastfeeding. This research method is an observational study with an analytic cross-sectional design using a quantitative approach; the population in this study was 393 people in the Glagahagung Community Health Center Working Area sampling with a purposive sampling technique, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria where a number of respondents were exclusively breastfeeding with a total of 78 respondents. The results showed family support p value = 0.000, technological advances p value = 0.000, and lifestyle p value = 0.000. Based on the results show that the regression coefficient for family support is .716, this shows that increasing the family support variable will increase the coparenting approach variable in the success of providing EBF by .716, the trends and lifestyle regression coefficient is -.452, so this shows that trend and lifestyle variables reduce the influence on the coparenting approach in the success of providing EBF.

Research on Complete Coverage Path Planning of Agricultural Robots Based on Markov Chain Improved Genetic Algorithm

Due to the limitations of low coverage, high repetition rate, and slow convergence speed of the basic genetic algorithm (GA) in robot complete coverage path planning, the state transition matrix of the Markov chain is introduced to guide individual mutation based on the genetic mutation path planning algorithm, which can improve the quality of population individuals, enhancing the search ability and convergence speed of the genetic algorithm. The proposed improved genetic algorithm is used for complete coverage path planning simulation analysis in different work areas. The analysis results show that compared to traditional genetic algorithms, the improved genetic algorithm proposed in this paper reduces the average path length by 21.8%, the average number of turns by 6 times, the repetition rate by 83.8%, and the coverage rate by 7.76% in 6 different work areas. The results prove that the proposed improved genetic algorithm is applicable in complete coverage path planning. To verify whether the Markov chain genetic algorithm (MCGA) proposed is suitable for agricultural robot path tracking and operation, it was used to plan the path of an actual land parcel. An automatic navigation robot can track the planned path, which can verify the feasibility of the MCGA proposed.

Analysis and application of low frequency shadows based on the asymptotic theory for porous media

Low-frequency shadows beneath gas reservoirs can be regarded as a time delay relative to the reflection from the reservoir zone, but they cannot be reasonably explained by the high-frequency attenuation or velocity dispersion observed in normal P-waves. According to the new asymptotic theory for porous media, seismic P-waves undergo multiple conversions between fast and slow modes during seismic waves passing through layered permeable reservoirs at low frequencies, and changes in the velocity and amplitude (i.e., energy) of slow P-waves can lead to low-frequency shadows. In this study, a forward analysis was performed on the dispersion and attenuation of fast and slow P-waves within the seismic frequency band based on the asymptotic theory for porous media; the results revealed that fast P-waves do not undergo frequency dispersion and attenuation within the seismic frequency band and that slow P-waves are the primary contributor of dispersion and attenuation. In addition, methods used to calculate the frequencies at which low-frequency shadows occur were analyzed and are discussed. Finally, S-transform time-frequency analysis method was used to calculate and analyze the low-frequency shadows of three-dimensional seismic data acquired from work area M in Sichuan. The low-frequency shadow anomalies determined by this method were found to be highly consistent with those identified based on the data acquired from wells in the target reservoir. These results indicate the good application performance of this method.

The Effectiveness of CATIN Class on Pregnancy Readiness of Prospective Brides in The Working Area of Citangkil 2 Health Center, Cilegon City

Prospective brides and grooms are a strategic target group in efforts to improve their health before pregnancy. Before the wedding, many prospective brides and grooms do not have enough knowledge and information about reproductive health in a family, so that after marriage pregnancies are often not planned well and are not supported by optimal health status. The number of marriages in Indonesia in 2023 will reach 1.58 million and 68,185 will come from Banten Province. Maternal mortality still reaches 127 cases of maternal death per 100,000 births and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women is 9.2% in 2023. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of prospective brides and grooms or CATIN (Calon Pengantin) classes on the pregnancy readiness of prospective brides in the Industrial Area of ​​the Citangkil 2 Community Health Center, Cilegon City. Research methods is qualitative research. Population in this study were prospective brides and grooms who registered at KUA in July 2024 in the Citangkil 2 Health Center Working Area, Cilegon City, totaling 12 informants, consisting of 10 Catins and 2 expert informants from KUA and Health officers. There is an influence of information sources related to the socialization of the catin class program from KUA officers and Community Health Center Health Workers on the pregnancy readiness of the prospective bride and groom and knowing the attitude of the prospective bride and groom, the attitude of the KUA officers and the attitudes of health workers who take part in the catin class. There is a change in attitude after participating in the catin class service.

Predicting hospital readmission in multimorbid patients with the use of AI: A systematic review

Abstract Background Multimorbid patients are at higher risk of hospital readmission due to the complex nature of their conditions. Identifying those who may be at particularly high risk would allow us to intervene early and potentially delay or prevent such readmissions occurring, thus reducing healthcare costs. We conducted a systematic review investigating the use of machine learning models in predicting 30-days unplanned hospital readmission of multimorbid patients. Methods This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines, and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022373937). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Included studies developed an AI model for prediction of 30-days hospital readmission for adult patients with two or more health conditions. The CHARM and PROBAST checklists for data extraction and bias assessment were used. The quality of included studies was assessed with the CASP checklist. Results Eighteen papers were eligible for inclusion. A total of 669 predictors were reported with an average of 37 used per model. Predictors were classified as modifiable and non-modifiable with the most common modifiable predictors being hospital length of stay, hypertension, anaemia and obesity. Average sensitivity and specificity of the models was reported to be 72% in 13 studies and 79.2 in 11 studies, respectively. Area under the curve (AUC) was reported in 13 studies, five of which were considered to have good discrimination power (AUC&amp;gt;0.8). Conclusions Machine learning models are capable of accurately predicting 30-days hospital readmission of multimorbid patients. Identifying modifiable predictors with highest weight allows for better planning and resource allocation to potentially reduce the risk of 30-days readmissions. An important area for future work would be the implementation of these high performance models in practice. Key messages • Hospital readmissions are preventable and identifying those at higher risk allows us to intervene early. • Machine learning models are capable of predicting 30-days readmission of multimorbid patients.

Monitoring violence in healthcare. A lesson from the pandemic

Abstract Introduction Violence against healthcare workers is a serious, underreported, and underestimated problem. Only a few healthcare companies have efficient violence monitoring systems and risk assessment is often entrusted to non-validated algorithms. The monitoring system implemented in 2005 in a public health company allowed for an accurate analysis of the phenomenon. Methods For the entire observation period (2005-2023), the one-year prevalence of violent incidents (physical assaults, threats, and harassment) has been reported by all during the periodic medical examination in the workplace. Furthermore, after each periodical inspection of workplaces, the occupational doctor requested a detailed description of violent events that occurred in the department, using the Violent Incident Form distributed online anonymously. Results In 2005/6 the one-year prevalence of physical assaults was 8.2%. Prevention efforts led to a moderate reduction in the rate (7.8% in 2011/12). A collapse in rates was observed in 2021 (3.2%). In 2022, physical violence rose again to 5.6%. Harassment affected 19.6% of workers in 2005/6, falling to 7.2% in 2021 and rising again to 21.6% in 2022. Physical violence perpetrated by patients was more frequent in psychiatric services (OR 25.7, CI95% 11.1; 59.6) and violence perpetrated by visitors in emergency and urgence services (OR 8.8, CI95% 3.8; 20.5) than in general services. Workers attributed the drop in attacks primarily to the filtering of access to work areas, which limited the presence of visitors and relatives. The lower demand for services had also resulted in an optimal ratio between staff and patients, improving the quality of care. Furthermore, in the very first pandemic phase, health workers enjoyed a very favorable consideration from the population, which had further reduced the causes of conflict. Conclusions The pandemic has shown that better relationships between patients/visitors and staff are effective in reducing violence. Key messages • Monitoring of violence against healthcare workers shows that it has decreased during the pandemic. • HCWs believe that (i) limiting visitor access (ii) better balancing demand for services and (iii) better opinion towards HCWs were the causes of the reduced rate of violence.

The Supervising Role of the Apron Movement Control (AMC) Unit on Aviation Security and Safety at Pattimura Ambon International Airport

Security and safety are crucial factors in aviation activities, considering the sensitivity of air transportation that requires assurance of safety at all times. The success of the AMC unit's tasks and responsibilities is measured by their ability to optimize supervision, thus creating safe and secure conditions, in accordance with applicable regulations. This study aims to evaluate the role of the AMC unit in ensuring security and safety in the airside area of Pattimura Ambon International Airport and to identify obstacles in supervision in the area. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The data collected consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data is obtained through observation and interviews, while secondary data comes from literature studies and photographs related to the problem being studied. Data analysis techniques involve data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. To ensure the validity of the data, triangulation techniques are used. The research was conducted in March 2024. The results of the study indicate that the AMC unit at Pattimura Ambon International Airport has carried out supervision well in accordance with the standard operating procedures PM-IK (Quality Procedures and Work Instructions). Supervision covers four components of the work area: Airport Operation Control Center (AOCC), Data Entry, Field Inspection, and Aviobridge Operations. Supervision is carried out through inspections every two hours for FOD and fuel spills, supervision of aircraft movements and engine running up/idle, GSE vehicle speed, and worker compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment. The AMC unit strives to implement the 3S+1C principle (Safety, Security, Service, and Compliance). The obstacles faced include a shortage of personnel, which causes an increase in workload and less than optimal supervision, as well as violations by service users or workers in the airside area, which have the potential to cause accidents.

Identifying critical self-regulated learning skills: a Delphi process study

ABSTRACT Background and Context Self-regulated learning (SRL) skills are critical aspect of learning to program and are predictive of academic success. Early college students often struggle to use these skills, but can improve when given targeted instruction. However, it is not yet clear what skills are best to prioritize. Objective We seek to create a shortlist of SRL skills that help computer science students with an ultimate goal of giving future researchers and educators a set of promising targets for future study. Method This work details a three-phase Delphi-Process study wherein a panel educators to reach consensus on SRL skills needed for success in CS. Findings We identified fourteen skills broadly categorized into five areas: Planning, Executing, Monitoring, Responding, and Reflecting. There are several factors to indicate these skills are all highly valuable areas for future work. Implications We highlight Knowing When to Seek Help especially for future research within the Computing Education Research community.