Areas Of Empathy Research Articles

The State of Moral Intelligence of Medical Students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2022

Background: Recently, new dimensions have been recognized in the field of intelligence. One of the most important of these is moral intelligence, which has not been extensively addressed in Iran. Objectives: Moral intelligence represents the mental capacity of individuals to relate universal human principles to their values, goals, and actions. It guides all other types of human intelligence towards performing valuable work. Methods: The current descriptive cross-sectional study involved a statistical population of medical students, with a sample size of 248 people selected through random and available sampling methods. To collect data, the standard moral intelligence questionnaire by Lennik, Keel, and Jordan was used. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS-21 software, employing both descriptive and inferential statistics, including Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: The total score of students' moral intelligence was 76.29 ± 9.80, which is evaluated as good. The area of honesty had the highest score (81.2), while the area of empathy had the lowest score (70.3). Among the indexes, keeping promises scored the highest (93.6), and admitting mistakes and omissions scored the lowest (70.5). Scores were higher among women and married individuals, and moral intelligence scores increased with advancing academic semesters. However, there were no significant differences overall, except that the empathy field had a significant relationship with age (P = 0.031), and gender had a significant relationship with the overall score of moral intelligence (P = 0.041). Conclusions: According to the total moral intelligence score of the students, which was 76.29 ± 9.80, it was determined that the moral intelligence status among the medical students of Kermanshah Medical School is in good condition.

Analysis of Patient Satisfaction in the Registration Section at the Regional General Hospital in Mandau District, Bengkalis Regency in 2023

This study was conducted at the Mandau District General Hospital in Bengkalis Regency with the goal of determining patient satisfaction at the registration section in 2023 by looking at the level of satisfaction based on five quality dimensions, namely Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy, and Tangibles. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional design was used in this investigation. This study's sample size was 300 persons. The Mann Whitney test was used to analyze data using univariate and bivariate analysis. According to the findings of the investigation, the overall level of patient satisfaction with the registration part was high for the majority of 184 people (61.3%). JKN patients have a modest level of satisfaction in the majority of quality characteristics. JKN patients reported moderate satisfaction on the reliability dimension, 52% on the responsiveness dimension, and 58.7% on the assurance dimension. Meanwhile, patients had high levels of satisfaction on the areas of empathy and tangibles, with 57.2% and 74.7%, respectively. Non-JKN patients had a high degree of satisfaction in all quality dimensions. 55.3% of Non-JKN patients reported high satisfaction on the reliability dimension, followed by 69.3% on the responsiveness dimension, 66.7% on the assurance dimension, 78% on the empathy dimension, and 80% on the tangibles component. There is a significant difference between the satisfaction of JKN and Non-JKN patients with the registration services at the Mandau District Hospital, Bengkalis Regency in 2023.

Analyzing the Energy Awareness of Pre-Service Teachers Using the Word Association Method

Abstract Energy awareness education as part of sustainability education is the joint task of schools and society as a whole. However, only teachers who themselves possess this competence can educate students in energy awareness. Accordingly, the aim of the research was to examine the energy awareness of pre-service teachers. To achieve the aim, the research attempted to find answers to the questions of what kind of knowledge about energy awareness the pre-service teachers in the sample had, whether students showed the interdisciplinary characteristics of sustainability in their knowledge, and what relationships could be observed in this knowledge system. The research was conducted in the autumn of 2021 at three universities in the North-East region of Hungary with 272 pre-service teachers participating voluntarily. The word association method was used for the study. Greatest association frequency was measured. The analysis of association fields proved the interdisciplinary nature of the students’ knowledge of energy awareness. The highest association frequency was measured in the area of renewable energy sources and their use, while the least association frequency was measured in the area of empathy. The association graphs showed no meaningful difference in relationships between the studied student groups. The results showed definitive, unrelated knowledge.

디자인 씽킹 기반 교과 통합 발명교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 창의융합 마인드 셋에 미치는 영향

This study aimed to develop and implement an invention education program rooted in design
 thinking principles that integrates various subjects and encourages problem-solving, creative thinking,
 collaboration, and empathy. The study sought to assess the impact of this program on elementary
 school students' development of a creative convergence mindset. The findings of the study are as
 follows.
 First, a curriculum comprising 13 lessons for integrated invention education programs was
 developed. This program is built upon the principles of design thinking, with an emphasis on
 identifying issues within the school and its surroundings, pinpointing user discomforts, and crafting
 prototypes with creative ideas.
 Second, after implementing the program, statistically significant effects were observed across all
 areas of empathy, creativity, affirmation, cooperation, and convergence, which collectively make up
 the creative convergence mindset.
 This confirmed that the design thinking-based curriculum-integrated invention education program
 positively enhanced elementary school students' creative convergence mindset. Consequently, there is
 a need to leverage a variety of design thinking-based curriculum-integrated invention education
 programs to foster a creative convergence mindset among students who will be part of the future
 society.
 In addition, expanding invention education within elementary schools through subject integration
 in curriculum redesign will open up opportunities for research and development in teaching and
 learning methods that can encompass various disciplines and values within the realm of invention
 education.

An investigation of the empathy with patients and association with communicational skills and compliance of professional ethics in medical students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences: a pilot study from the south of IRAN

Background: Patients' right in the field of health services plays an important role in physician – patients’ relationship and is an important factor in health system management. Empathy and communication skills are nowadays one of the important issues in the field of treatment. Professional ethics are also an intrinsic part of the medical profession, and it is important to consider the components that influence professional ethics.The aim of this study was to determine the level of empathy and the relationship between these two components with respect to professional ethics. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3 levels of clinical students by consensus sampling in Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Data gathering included demographic information form, revised communication skills questionnaire, interpersonal reactivity index (empathy), and the questionnaire of compliance with professional ethics standards. Communication skills questionnaire consisted of 34 items in a 5-point Likert scale. The interpersonal reactivity index consisted of 28-items and 5-degree spectrum, and the professional ethics criteria questionnaire consisted of 31 questions in a five-option Likert scale. Results: The highest average in assessing compliance with professional ethics was in the domain of patient care with a value of 27.30 ±4.8; the highest average in the communication skills was in the domain of regulating emotions with a value of 24.04 ± 3.32, and in the area of ​​empathy it was related to personal distress skill with a value of 17.26 ±6.9. Based on the results of regression analysis, it was determined that empathy could significantly predict communication skills (p=0.0001). Also there are correlation between empathy and some sub domains in communication skills and compliance with professional ethics. Communication skills correlated to compliance of professional ethics. All of them was significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: Considering empathy as a human skill in medical care and its relationship with communication skills and compliance with ethical codes, it is necessary to train these skills in workshop programs to improve students’ knowledge and practice about them.

Design Thinking and Digital Marketing Skills in Marketing Education: A Module on Building Mobile Applications

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how marketing educators can utilize the design-thinking process to create an engaged, high-impact learning experience for students. The guidelines of the assignment outlined in this article show how marketing students can utilize the design-thinking process in order to create a mobile application that meet the needs of target consumers. This adaptable assignment was tested in two types of marketing courses, and findings indicate that students improved in the areas of empathy, creativity, communication skills, technology skills, critical thinking, and collaboration.

Selected forms of therapy for individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition of multiple origins. It is characterised by a range of behaviour patterns, in addition to disturbed social and emotional functioning. Of note, early therapy is conducive to better treatment results. A few recently discussed therapies have a particularly positive impact on children with ASD. Corbett et al. [2] proposed Sense Theatre. This involves instilling appropriate behaviours and communication patterns into the afflicted individual through acting. Role-playing and other similar techniques also offer an opportunity for children with ASD to improve their areas of empathy and social cooperation. With regard to bio-feedback-related techniques, Friedrich et al. [3] was noted for developing the Brain-computer method, a system of game interface connected to an external device. The method targets the mirror neuron system (MNS) in order to enhance cognitive, emotional and behavioural functions through neurofeedback. An approach put forward by Solomon et al. [10] is called ‘Play and Language for Autistic Youngsters (PLAY) Project Home Consultation’. Herein, volunteers visit patients’ homes on a regular basis to engage the children in play and games, after which they discuss with parents, the issues that came up. The PLAY reduces guardians’ stress levels and improves children’s skills. A pharmacological method is that of administering sulphoraphane [9], which reduces damaging effects. As others claim [8,1,7], other dietary approaches prove efficient as well. In summation, an early intervention and the employment of a multimodal treatment approach can be of importance for enhancing the life of ASD-affected children.

Placing dental clinicians within the normative base regarding vicarious response

This paper describes the development and psychometric properties of the Curtin Vicarious Response Scales (CVRS), a research tool specifically developed to evaluate emotional reponsivity in clinical practice and in undergraduate training. The measure yields scores on three substantive scales, (I) Perspective Taking, the capacity to shift perspectives and to step outside of self when dealing with other people, (II) Empathy, the ability to understand another?s mental and emotional states and (III) Emotional Lability, affective sensitivity and changeability. The construct validity of the CVRS is unequivocal and concurrent validation demonstrates its expected place within personality space. The psychometric properties of the device demonstrate its viability as a research tool in the area of Empathy and Emotional Responsivity.

Evaluating the Accuracy of Pharmacy Students' Self-Assessment Skills

To evaluate the accuracy of self-assessment skills of senior-level bachelor of science pharmacy students. A method proposed by Kruger and Dunning involving comparisons of pharmacy students' self-assessment with weighted average assessments of peers, standardized patients, and pharmacist-instructors was used. Eighty students participated in the study. Differences between self-assessment and external assessments were found across all performance quartiles. These differences were particularly large and significant in the third and fourth (lowest) quartiles and particularly marked in the areas of empathy, and logic/focus/coherence of interviewing. The quality and accuracy of pharmacy students' self-assessment skills were not as strong as expected, particularly given recent efforts to include self-assessment in the curriculum. Further work is necessary to ensure this important practice competency and life skill is at the level expected for professional practice and continuous professional development.

Kognitive og emotionelle forandringer hos klienter i metadonvedligeholdelsesbehandling

Aagesen, N.S. (2005): Cognitive and emotional changes in clients on methadone maintenance treatment. Nordisk Psykologi, 2005, 2, 143–159. There has for some time been diverse opinions concerning the effect of methadone on the cognitive and emotional functions in man. The present work attempts a critical overview of the existing research in this area, drawing some conclusions regarding the effect of methadone on the affected functions: 1) Concerning cognitive functions, the apparent negative effect of methadone is restricted to short time memory, and 2) apparently methadone have negative effects on emotional functioning in the areas of empathy and attachment, and a positive effect in the areas of depression and anxiety. At last some conclusions are drawn concerning the clinical use of methadone.

Physiological Implications for the Treatment of Children in Residential Settings

ABSTRACT The basis of emotion is in the brain and this link may be the next area for serious inclusion into the understanding of how to promote change in treatment. In our residential setting, treatment has shifted its perspective to include an emphasis on the critical need for intervention on a physiological level as well as the psycho-social level. This shift in perspective has fostered more realistic treatment expectations, particularly for those children who appear to have serious deficits in their ability to value relationships. Current research on the brain suggests that the emotional lessons, or lack thereof, in childhood have a profound impact on sculpting neural pathways. Therefore, an emphasis on skills training, particularly in areas of empathy and cause and effect, may promote training the brain, possibly setting down new neural pathways for the relationship absent child, as well as help change existing pathways for the child who has a severely distorted sense of relationship.

Fathers’ Parenting Attitudes During a Child’s First Year

To determine whether fathers' interactions with their children from prebirth to 1 year of age changed the fathers' parenting attitudes as measured by the Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI). Nonrandomized, longitudinal, descriptive study. Private obstetricians' offices, prenatal clinics, and prenatal classes in a large city in the southeastern United States. White, well-educated, stable, upper-middle class fathers attending prenatal education classes. At time 1 (prebirth), n = 293 with 228 first-time fathers and 65 experienced fathers. At time 2 (3 months), n = 62 with 46 first-time fathers and 16 experienced fathers. At time 3 (1 year), n = 42 with 30 first-time fathers and 12 experienced fathers. Parenting attitudes as measured by the AAPI. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in two of the four constructs measured by the AAPI. When their children were 3 months old, fathers scored significantly lower in the areas of expectations and belief in the use of corporal punishment, and their raw scores did not significantly differ in the areas of empathy and appropriate family roles. These fathers need education about appropriate expectations of a 3-month-old child and information regarding alternative methods of discipline.

Current psychoanalytic theory and practice: can there be any one valid unitary approach?

In this brief presentation, I have discussed the historical continuum of present day psychoanalysis with its early antecedents. I have described some basic concepts which illustrate where seemingly diverse psychoanalytic methodologies, based on differing scientific philosophies, actually join up, namely, in the areas of empathy, empathic resonance, "optimal responsiveness," and in the understanding and technical work with transference. Space limitations precluded mentioning issues around theories of resistance and of cure. I finished by mentioning a few general points which distinguish self psychology's approach. While a comprehensive unitary scientific philosophy awaits the further development and maturation of an infant science, nevertheless, we can agree, I think, that there are unitary principles that govern psychoanalysis, and that organize the clinical approach of the most effective of its practitioners.

EMPATHY

An attempt is made to integrate the theoretical literature in the area of empathy into a developmental model, i.e., seeing empathy as intricately related to other cognitive and affective functions evolved in the course of psychological development. The paper involves a summary of psychoanalytic notions and an attempt to make the implicitly developmental scheme of analytic theory more explicit. The analytic framework is used as the basis for integration of the wide variety of theoretical positions. Major conceptions of empathy as seen by Gestaltists, social learning theorists, and others are looked at from the viewpoint that each discusses conceptions of empathy different only insofar as they are describing the empathic process as seen at different levels of psychological development. This model is then applied to the empirical work in the area with the notion that since a great deal of the results in the research is confounded by hazy conceptualization and methodology, a clearer theoretical formulation is helpful in terms of both a clarification of the present results and the direction of future work.