Breadth Of Areas Research Articles

Levers for Change in Educational Development in Canada: Looking Back, Looking Forward

This paper examines levers or drivers that have influenced the direction of educational development in Canada over the last 40 years and also tries to predict what will be the impact of some current levers on changing the work of developers in the next 20 years. Reflecting on those years, it is apparent our work in the 1980s was very focussed on the individual and gradually shifted to become more organizational and sector focussed, particularly as the work of developers moved from the periphery to the center of our institutions. The challenge of the next 20 years will be responding to the breadth of areas we are being drawn into in the academy yet, the diversity of our work is one of the strengths of our profession.

A morphometric diagnosis using continuous characters of Pinnunavis edkuensis, sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta: Bacillariophyceae), a brackish-marine species from Egypt

Pinnunavis edkuensis is reported as a new diatom species from Egypt from brackish and marine habitats. Its description and diagnoses focus on 12 continuous morphological characters: valve breadth, valve mantle shape and surface area, axial-central area shape and surface area, axial area breadth, distal and proximal interstriae distances, striae slopes, magnitude and position of maximal slope along a semivalve transect, and inter-raphe distance. These characters are considered along their ontogenetic trajectories, using a size vector, by means of regression analyses. Shape was assessed using geometric morphometric methods. Diagnostic comparisons of P. edkuensis were made with P. yarrensis, for which a lectotype was chosen and Grunow’s unpublished description and drawings presented, and P. zalatii, a new name replacing the illegitimate name, Navicula aegyptiaca. P. edkuensis was demonstrated to be a distinct group compared to these two similar species using 11 of the 12 characters. The diagnoses emphasize species recognition by means of anova, regression and randomization analyses and specimen determination primarily by means of regression-based prediction intervals. Additional comments are made on the statistical nature of gaps associated with characters described by discrete or continuous variables, the importance of reporting sample sizes as part of diatom diagnoses and other comparisons, and the role of size in specimen comparability and taxon identification. The generic distinctness of Pinnunavis and Pinnularia is discussed based on a preliminary cladistic analysis of morphological characters.

Commentary: Biological standardisation in haemostasis and haematology

This collection of reviews on biological standardisation has been prepared by leading standardisation scientists with a wealth of expertise in the practical problems associated with standardising measurements in the field of haemostasis and haematology. The breadth of areas covered is significant, including coagulation, fibrinolysis, genetic reference materials and anaemia. The topics covered are also extensive and the reviews cover the basic principles and history of standardisation, the science underpinning different approaches to diverse problems and also practical information on how reference materials are developed and eventually established and made available for use in laboratories around the world.

Mobile-agent coordination models for Internet applications

Internet applications face challenges that mobile agents and the adoption of enhanced coordination models may overcome. Each year more applications shift from intranets to the Internet, and Internet-oriented applications become more popular. New design and programming paradigms call help harness the Web's potential. Traditional distributed applications assign a set of processes to a given execution environment that, acting as local-resource managers, cooperating a network-unaware fashion. In contrast, the mobile-agent paradigm defines applications as consisting of network-aware entities-agents-which can exhibit mobility by actively changing their execution environment, transferring themselves during execution. The authors propose a taxonomy of possible coordination models for mobile-agent applications, then use their taxonomy to survey and analyze resent mobile-agent coordination proposals. Their case study, which focuses on a Web-based information-retrieval application, helps show that the mobility of application components and the distribution area's breadth can create coordination problems different from those encountered in traditional distributed applications.

Engaging Ideas: Can Christian Business Scholarship Inform Business Practice?

This paper systematically reviews and critiques all the scholarship presented to date in the Journal of Biblical Integration in Business which is specifically focused on business practice. We employ a conceptual framework which parses the sources of normative advice and attempts to delineate the type of normative advice as being for our heads, hearts or hands. A particular focus is given to the “hands” portion of the framework when we look at the various normative perspectives regarding how business should be practiced by Christians. We also consider the sources for those perspectives (e.g., general versus specific revelation), the role of practitioners in their development, and the breadth of areas still in need of study. Finally, we suggest specific actions that consider the limited resources focused on explicit Christian scholarship, the particular (but not exclusive) Christian call to scholarship that matters in practice, the variety of backgrounds and skills aspiring Christian scholars possess, and the unmet needs of practitioners that only Christian business scholars may uniquely meet. We challenge ourselves to be more engaged, more empirical, and more explicit in our Christian business scholarship.

II.—Notes on new or imperfectly known Chalk Polyzoa

Zoœcia generally elongated, but very variable in shape and dimensions; length of area ·68 to ·48 mm., breadth of area ·36 to ·2 mm.; no fornt wall, side walls very low, with a further depression at the head of the zoœcium, and furnished all round with slender buttresses, which are much more easily distinguished in the upper part of the zoœcium, owing to their greater size and Projection there, than in the lower Part.