Areas Of Health Sciences Research Articles

Validação do analisador i-STAT® cartucho CG8+ para análise hemogasométrica

The aim of this study was to compare values arterial blood gas values obtained by laboratory technical reference with values obtained by the i-STAT® CG8+ analyzer, in order to confirm their validity and thus extrapolate its applicability in academic research in the context of physical activity. Were collected 22 samples of blood from the radial artery of the non-dominant arm of patients admitted to the ITU of the Hospital São João Batista, located in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, in the period from February to March 2013. Were compared between the reference method Ciba Corning Gas System 278 and i-STAT® CG8+ portable analyzer the result of the following variables: pH; PO2 and PCO2 expressed in mmHg; HCO3, and TCO2 BE (base excess) expressed in mmol / L; sO2 and expressed as a percentage of saturation. The student t test, correlation test, and Bland-Altman analysis were used. For all blood parameters monitored in the comparison of mean values between the two methods, no significant difference was found for any of the variables. There was a significant correlation (p<0.0001) and strong, with all correlation coefficients (r) above 0.93, between the two methods for all variables. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that there was agreement between the two methods, with over 90% of the sample between the limits of agreement for all variables. The i-STAT® CG8+ analyzer presented acceptable validity in the resting situation by reference to the Ciba Corning 278 Gas System device, and its use is an excellent strategy for research in the area of sport and health sciences that require fast results in the resting situation and that ensure the effectiveness of decision making.

Learning approaches in students of the areas of Health Sciences belonging to a regional university in Chile

Introduction: in university education, various factors such as emotional aspects, behavior and cognitive elements influence the participation of students in the learning process. The students who achieve the best results are those who participate metacognitively, with motivation and active behavior, also considering contextual and personal factors. It is at this point where the learning approach plays a fundamental role in understanding academic performance.Methods: in the present research, 277 health sciences students from a Chilean public university were evaluated using a Spanish version of the R-SPQ-2F questionnaire to evaluate learning approaches, motives and strategies.Results: most of the students presented a predominantly deep learning approach, although with a low intensity. At the strategy level, 32.85% presented a superficial approach. Significant differences were found between the approaches and between their respective subscales.Conclusions: Those who present a deep approach usually present deep strategies and motives. The presence of deep motivation without a deep type of strategy is usually associated with a superficial approach.

What strategies did graduates with disabilities in Health Sciences use to persist and not drop out their studies?

This article analyses the difficulties that 16 graduate with disabilities from 8 Spanish universities in the area of Health Sciences experienced during their academic career. It also shows how they overcame these difficulties, as well as their insight into their own resilience. This qualitative study used semi-structured and individual interviews. The results showed that the difficulties, the strategies to deal with them, and the opinions of the participants about their resilient characteristics are multiple and relate to both external and internal factors. The results reveal that participants’ voices from these Health Sciences degree contain useful strategies for the ­university community to promote the academic success of students with disabilities for the benefit of all students.

Correlation between Personality Traits and Dimensions of Anxiety in Young Students in the State of Jalisco

Introduction. Young people are highly susceptible to manifesting the various dimensions of anxiety, which have been associated with certain personality traits. Objective. To determine the association between personality traits (PT) and the dimensions of clinical anxiety (CA), trait anxiety (TA), and state anxiety (SA) in young students in the areas of health sciences in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Method. Five hundred and twenty-one students (with an average age of 20.5 years) enrolled in psychology, nursing, and nutrition degree programs participated, 75.2% of whom were women. From Abril 2020 to May 2021, a cross-sectional design was used to virtually evaluate CA (Beck’s inventory), TA and SA (the Spielberger inventory), and PT (Eysenck’s inventory). Linear regression analysis was used to calculate correlations (R) and determination coefficients (R2) to predict the dimensions of anxiety in relation to PT. Results. 25.7% and 24.8% of participants scored for severe and moderate CA respectively, while 54.3% obtained high scores for TA and SA. For CA, the neuroticism PT yielded an R of .607 and an R2 of .367; for TA, an R of .803 and an R2 of .644; and for SA, an R of .735 and an R2 of .540. Discussion and conclusion. The high correlation between the neuroticism PT and anxiety in young people was probably exacerbated by the restrictive conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. In young students, the neuroticism PT is a predictor for the development of various dimensions of anxiety.

Validation of a self-perception instrument regarding the experience associated with simulated interprofessional hospital clinical practice

Introduction: clinical simulation is a training method that recreates safe and controlled clinical situations that help develop professional skills and promotes interprofessional collaborative practice through the development of specific competencies.Objective: determine the metric properties of a self-administered questionnaire that accounts for the level of satisfaction with simulated in-hospital clinical practice.Methods: based on expert opinion, an instrument was created that consisted of three dimensions. For statistical validation, it was applied to 291 students belonging to 6 careers distributed in three regions of Chile. Cronbach's Alpha was determined by dimension, in addition to performing a factor analysis to finally develop a standardized index for analysis.Results: a Cronbach's Alpha was obtained in the dimension of Satisfaction with the role of the tutor teacher of 0,928, in that of Satisfaction with the role of the actor/actress of 0,89 and in Satisfaction with the organization and equipment of the CISH of a 0,904. The Factor analysis confirmed the relevance of the questions within the three established dimensions.Conclusions: the developed instrument presented a high internal consistency, being a valid instrument to be applied to students in the area of health sciences in Chile

Characterization of the collection of university scientific journals of health sciences in Cuba

Introduction: the existence of university scientific journals has a positive impact on undergraduate publication, encouraging and training new generations of researchers. Objective: to characterize the collection of University Scientific Journals of Health Sciences in Cuba. Method: observational, descriptive and transversal study in the 15 journals that form the University Scientific Journals of Health Sciences in Cuba. Production indicators were studied, as well as indexing. Results: 15 Cuban RCUs referring to the area of Health Sciences were identified. One hundred percent are installed in Open Journal System, and only one uses its version 3. 93,33 % have an ISSN. The journals Universidad Médica Pinareña and 16 de abril achieved a greater number of indexations. The database with the highest number of journals was REDIB (9), followed by DOAJ (4) and CAB International (4). The most productive year was 2021 (ndoc=394), with the most productive journals being 16 de Abril (ndoc=304) and Universidad Médica Pinareña (ndoc=274). The rate of change showed an increasing trend in the period 2018-2021, however it was negative (Tvar=-5,21) between 2021 and 2022. Conclusions: Cuba has a wide collection of University Scientific Journals, which are in a process of growth and consolidation. There was a tendency to increase the number of articles published in the journals. The journals Universidad Médica Pinareña and 16 de abril showed a greater development, achieving better indexing and a higher scientific production

Salutogenic Design as Health Preservation Technology: Prospects for Implementation in Public Health

Introduction. The concept of salutogenic design, focused on creating a healthy environment, is based on the salutogenesis concept, developed back in the 1970s by Aaron Antonovsky. This approach is becoming increasingly popular in urban planning, development, and certification of buildings, offices, and medical fa-cilities. Due to ongoing national projects, there is an increasing demand for specialists in public health and salutogenic design in Russia, which has justified the creation of an interdisciplinary educational program. Objective. To present the implementation of the network master's program "Salutogenic Design" in the field of public health and the creation of a healthy urban environment.Materials and methods. We conducted literature review on existing practices for applying salutogenic de-sign in urban planning and described the implementation of the network master's program "Salutogenic De-sign" at the Institute of Leadership and Health Management of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) and Moscow institute of architecture (MIARCH).Results. The concept of salutogenic design is a prominent scientific and practical issue for researchers, pro-fessional community, and executive authorities worldwide, with particular interest in implementation studies of salutogenic design for designing and constructing environments, transport, medical organizations, and the urban landscape, as well as developing tools for urban environment assessment. The master's program "Salutogenic Design" is a unique educational experience that includes the development of professional skills in an interdisciplinary area of health sciences and urban planning, distinguishing it from other educational projects.

A RevSALUS em 2023 e 2024: reflexões científicas, agradecimento aos seus revisores e horizontes para o futuro

At the beginning of 2024, we take stock of the scientific progress of RevSALUS – RACS’ International Scientific Journal (Lusophone Academic Network of Health Sciences) we thank all those who have played a key role in another successful year for the journal, and we look ahead to the goals we want to achieve. As in the previous year, in 2023, RevSALUS published three regular issues, as well as two supplementary issues, resulting in a total of 22 articles and 236 abstracts from the various areas of life and health sciences. Throughout 2023, RevSALUS received a total of 40 articles through its editorial management platform, 14 of which were accepted for publication. With the growing scientific recognition of RevSALUS in the international arena, particularly in Lusophony, we are continuing the path to achieving indexing in the most prestigious databases in the health and life sciences. The journey so far has been marked by an unwavering commitment to scientific excellence, and we will continue to promote knowledge based on scientific integrity.

Clinical aspects of mucopolysaccharidosi: a literature review

Many years ago genetic diseases were seen as an obstacle for the multidisciplinary team, but with the constant studies in the advancement of this area, several discoveries occurred about the possibility of promoting the quality of life of these people. A genetic pathology that is constantly being studied in the area of health sciences is mucopolysaccharidosis. To address the clinical aspects of MPS by encouraging the development of new studies. This is a literature review that consulted the Virtual Health Library database between 2010 and 2020 and that the documents were free of charge, and as exclusion criteria were theses, dissertations, articles with exclusive access to the title, with association to another genetic pathology and autoimmune disease. 1513 articles with the theme mucopolysaccharidosis were found, adding the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected 04 scientific articles for use in this review. The studies on mucopolysaccharidosis are precarious, but they contain important information about the clinical performance of the multiprofessional team that has been showing its value to the carriers of this syndrome, several carriers of mucopolysaccharidosis who perform follow-up report gains in improving the quality of life, so it is necessary to explain their clinical particularities and to conduct new studies that focus on this theme.

Design and validation of a self-perception scale of basic knowledge about telehealth and digital skills for students in the area of Health Sciences

Introduction: the characteristics of telehealth and telemedicine pose a challenge for its successful insertion into the professional training curriculum in the areas of health. To date, no research has been carried out that addresses the integration of telehealth and telemedicine in the academic curriculum of Chilean universities.Objective: design an instrument that allows measuring the self-perception of students in the area of health sciences in relation to their level of knowledge of basic aspects of telehealth and digital skills.Method: a 12-item instrument was designed with a Likert scale from 0 to 7, made up of two dimensions: Basic elements associated with telehealth (7 items) and skills associated with the use of technologies (5 items). It was applied to 308 students from five Chilean universities in the area of health sciences, the sample was intentional non-probabilistic.Results: a Cronbach's Alpha of 0,9035 was obtained for dimension 1 and 0,9729 for dimension 2. The factor analysis confirmed the existence of the two proposed dimensions.Conclusions: the instrument designed allows us to measure the perceived level of health sciences students in relation to the basic elements associated with telehealth and the skills for using technologies

Health profile of new university students entering the area of health sciences

The importance of this study was to identify the health profile of university students, to know the risk factors that occur in this academic stage, identifying the pathology, or possible set of pathologies, that could develop in adulthood. The study had a quantitative, cross-descriptive approach; the sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience consisting of 293 students. Anthropometric evaluation, resting blood pressure and capillary glycemia were performed. Prior informed consent was applied. The results show the prevalence of cardiovascular risk with 97.9% predominating mainly in women with 64.85% and 33.1% in men; In relation to the BMI, together it presents alterations of low weight, overweight and obesity with 54.6%, capillary glycemia it was observed that 63.5% is in normal classification and cases of hyperglycemia and prediabetes with 33.8%, finally, systemic blood pressure 63.1% are in optimal classification, only 16.04% showed alterations in blood pressure considering pre-hypertension and hypertension in grade I and II. The characterization of the health profile determined the risk tendency to suffer from non-communicable pathologies, due to the association identified between the abdominal perimeter and overweight and obesity.

Use of Epic Electronic Health Record System for Health Care Research: Scoping Review.

Electronic health records (EHRs) enable health data exchange across interconnected systems from varied settings. Epic is among the 5 leading EHR providers and is the most adopted EHR system across the globe. Despite its global reach, there is a gap in the literature detailing how EHR systems such as Epic have been used for health care research. The objective of this scoping review is to synthesize the available literature on use cases of the Epic EHR for research in various areas of clinical and health sciences. We used established scoping review methods and searched 9 major information repositories, including databases and gray literature sources. To categorize the research data, we developed detailed criteria for 5 major research domains to present the results. We present a comprehensive picture of the method types in 5 research domains. A total of 4669 articles were screened by 2 independent reviewers at each stage, while 206 articles were abstracted. Most studies were from the United States, with a sharp increase in volume from the year 2015 onwards. Most articles focused on clinical care, health services research and clinical decision support. Among research designs, most studies used longitudinal designs, followed by interventional studies implemented at single sites in adult populations. Important facilitators and barriers to the use of Epic and EHRs in general were identified. Important lessons to the use of Epic and other EHRs for research purposes were also synthesized. The Epic EHR provides a wide variety of functions that are helpful toward research in several domains, including clinical and population health, quality improvement, and the development of clinical decision support tools. As Epic is reported to be the most globally adopted EHR, researchers can take advantage of its various system features, including pooled data, integration of modules and developing decision support tools. Such research opportunities afforded by the system can contribute to improving quality of care, building health system efficiencies, and conducting population-level studies. Although this review is limited to the Epic EHR system, the larger lessons are generalizable to other EHRs.

Dynamics and structure of research in swine health in Mexico: A methodological approach

Objective: To characterize the socio-structural dynamics in the field of swine health research in Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: The data used were obtained from proceedings of IPVS international conferences from 2010-2018. The study unit was the result of co-authorships. The Social Networks Analysis (SNA) was used to understand the working dynamics of the research groups through the UCINET 6 software for Windows. Results: In the area of swine health and veterinary science, 63% of the research has depended on higher education institutions and research centers and the rest on the private sector. The most active universities with research are Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (34%), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (9%), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, and Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. The main research areas in swine diseases were PRRS, Circovirus, Influenza, Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea, among others. Limitations on study/implications: This study was done considering only scientific information about swine health contained in proceedings of IPVS Conferences from 2010-2018. To visualize these working networks allows detecting spaces for possibility in terms of creation of research policies. Findings/conclusions: The research about swine health in Mexico is concentrated in five working groups, which is why understanding these key stakeholders will allow greater dissemination of the information.

Indigenous Health Research Mentorship within Post-Secondary Institutions in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand: A Scoping Review

Indigenous peoples have been engaged in research since time immemorial, and have always acknowledged the power of their own knowledge systems, ways of being, and approaches. However, Indigenous peoples continue to be underrepresented in health research within academic institutions. There is an increased need for Indigenous leadership in health research, including greater Indigenous autonomy, mentorship, and self-determination in health research. This scoping review aims to explore Indigenous mentorship within Indigenous health research in post-secondary institutions in Canada, the US, New Zealand, and Australia. A review of empirical studies, case studies, reviews, commentaries, and grey literature was conducted. Four databases were used: Web of Science, PubMed, Native Health, and Google Scholar. Out of 1594 articles, 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. Four overarching themes were identified: (1) reciprocity: giving back to community; (2) supporting the development of research skills to build research capacity; (3) fostering a sense of belonging; and (4) building student ownership and confidence. The findings suggest that Indigenous mentorship is vital to creating supportive research environments for Indigenous students in the area of health sciences. Indigenous mentorship holds promise to address challenges faced by Indigenous scholars within post-secondary institutions, including intellectual, social, and cultural isolation, and can help to foster greater integration of Indigenous worldviews in Western-dominated academic settings and research systems. Future research should examine place-based mentorship opportunities for Indigenous students in community-based health research environments. Fostering Indigenous mentorship in health sciences is essential for advancing the health and wellbeing of Indigenous peoples and communities.

A synthetic data generation system for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome questionnaires

Artificial intelligence or machine-learning-based models have proven useful for better understanding various diseases in all areas of health science. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) lacks objective diagnostic tests. Some validated questionnaires are used for diagnosis and assessment of disease progression. The availability of a sufficiently large database of these questionnaires facilitates research into new models that can predict profiles that help to understand the etiology of the disease. A synthetic data generator provides the scientific community with databases that preserve the statistical properties of the original, free of legal restrictions, for use in research and education. The initial databases came from the Vall Hebron Hospital Specialized Unit in Barcelona, Spain. 2522 patients diagnosed with ME/CFS were analyzed. Their answers to questionnaires related to the symptoms of this complex disease were used as training datasets. They have been fed for deep learning algorithms that provide models with high accuracy [0.69–0.81]. The final model requires SF-36 responses and returns responses from HAD, SCL-90R, FIS8, FIS40, and PSQI questionnaires. A highly reliable and easy-to-use synthetic data generator is offered for research and educational use in this disease, for which there is currently no approved treatment.

Artificial Intelligence in Subject-Specific Library Work

The general implications of AI for libraries are much discussed in library literature. But while this discussion takes place at the library-wide level, there are also important implications for subject librarians due to the specific uses of AI in different professions and areas of study. These are often overlooked as these specializations tend to publish in subject-specific journals. This article aims to address this research gap by providing a comparison and thematic analysis of this literature. Subject-specific library journals in the areas of law, health sciences, business, and humanities and social sciences were searched to identify relevant journal articles that discussed AI. 131 articles were identified and tagged with at least one category that reflected the nature of the discussion around AI. The following analysis showed that literature related to law had the greatest number of articles by far, though the publishing activity in all disciplines has increased significantly in the last 10 years. This article explores these trends to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the implications for subject-specific library work.

Use of Instagram in learning the basic areas of health sciences

Use of Instagram in learning the basic areas of health sciences

Affective, Cognitive, and Behavioral Attitudes towards Research in Peruvian University Students

The affective, cognitive, and behavioral attitudes towards research in students of public and private universities in Peru were analyzed according to socio-academic variables. Methodology. 2448 university students from a public university and 4 private universities participated; intentional sampling was used. In addition, the study was descriptive-comparative, quantitative, and non-experimental. An adequately validated measurement instrument was applied to determine students' attitudes. Results. A moderate level was found in attitudes towards research in university students (mean = 77.06, standard deviation = 12.32, median = 77, ranges from 0 to 140) for both affective and cognitive attitudes found at moderate level observing some assessment of favorable attitude, however, in behavioral attitude the average was low, being valued as unfavorable attitude towards the research. It is concluded that university students according to the area of health sciences have better attitudes towards research than students of social sciences and engineering; in addition, students of public universities have better cognitive attitudes than private students, as well as are women who present better clarity in the behavioral and cognitive attitude than male students and are the students of the last cycles of study those who value and present a more extraordinary vocation for research than students of the first cycles

E-Learning lúdico de la parasitología médica

A quantitative investigation was carried out with the objective of evaluating the influence of playful learning in the development of competencies for learning medical parasitology in university students. The population of was made up of 53 students of the fourth cycle of the Human Medicine career of a private university in Peru. For the development of the research, all the theoretical and evaluative components of the programmatic content of the subject were applied, as well as the virtual environment with 24 playful resources, organized by content according to the competence covered. A general average of 67.04 (± 28.87) was obtained in the scores obtained by the participants. According to the observed distribution, both the number of items and the type of play resource were related to performance, in the first case inversely, as well as in the activities of "search for a coincidence" and "find equal pairs"; although, in general, the results by activity showed distributive variability with a load towards the upper limit of the scale (100), where 87.55% of the ludic strategies implemented (21 of 24) obtained point averages higher than 50%. The results obtained showed that the students expressed satisfaction, motivation and interest in learning medical parasitology, which is consistent with the results of other studies that have shown the benefits of virtual playful learning in the educational field, especially in the area of health Sciences.

Analogy between Boltzmann Machines and Feynman Path Integrals.

Machine learning has had a significant impact on multiple areas of science, technology, health, and computer and information sciences. Through the advent of quantum computing, quantum machine learning has developed as a new and important avenue for the study of complex learning problems. Yet there is substantial debate and uncertainty in regard to the foundations of machine learning. Here, we provide a detailed exposition of the mathematical connections between a general machine learning approach called Boltzmann machines and Feynman's description of quantum and statistical mechanics. In Feynman's description, quantum phenomena arise from an elegant, weighted sum over (or superposition of) paths. Our analysis shows that Boltzmann machines and neural networks have a similar mathematical structure. This allows the interpretation that the hidden layers in Boltzmann machines and neural networks are discrete versions of path elements and allows a path integral interpretation of machine learning similar to that in quantum and statistical mechanics. Since Feynman paths are a natural and elegant depiction of interference phenomena and the superposition principle germane to quantum mechanics, this analysis allows us to interpret the goal in machine learning as finding an appropriate combination of paths, and accumulated path-weights, through a network, that cumulatively captures the correct properties of an x-to-y map for a given mathematical problem. We are forced to conclude that neural networks are naturally related to Feynman path-integrals and hence may present one avenue to be considered as quantum problems. Consequently, we provide general quantum circuit models applicable to both Boltzmann machines and Feynman path integrals.