Area Interconnected Thermal Power System Research Articles

Whale Optimization Based Automatic Generation Control for Two Area Interconnected Thermal Power System

Whale Optimization Based Automatic Generation Control for Two Area Interconnected Thermal Power System

Application of Neural Network Based Data Security in to LFC of a Two Area Power System

The paper is concentrated with the study of design of a data security system based on neural networks. This data security method added Load-Frequency Control of reheat interconnected two area power systems problems with non-linearity. The neural network control is incorporated to load-frequency control in power systems. Elman Recurrent neural network is involves forecasting controller and system’s output. The system was simulated and the frequency variations in area 1 and area 2 and tie-line power variations for 1% step-load disturbance in area 1 were obtained. The comparison due to frequency variations and tie-line power deviations for the two area interconnected thermal power system. The result data of different keys were taken as test data, encrypted, decrypted and compared with the original data. The results have ensured better its advantages over conventional techniques.

Flower Pollination Algorithm Based PDFF Controller for a Two- Area Interconnected Thermal Power System with Gas / Diesel Units

Flower Pollination Algorithm Based PDFF Controller for a Two- Area Interconnected Thermal Power System with Gas / Diesel Units

Application of adaptive-SOS (ASOS) algorithm based interval type-2 fuzzy-PID controller with derivative filter for automatic generation control of an interconnected power system

In this article, a maiden comparative performance analysis of interval type-2 fuzzy-PID controller with & without derivative filter (T2FPIDF & T2FPID), type-1 fuzzy-PID controller (T1FPID) and conventional PID controller for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) in a two area interconnected thermal power system is presented. The proposed controllers are optimally designed using a novel adaptive symbiotic organism search (ASOS) & symbiotic organism search (SOS) optimization techniques. Symbiotic organism search (SOS) algorithm is established from the interrelation of organisms to survive in the ecosystem and in this article it is modified by using self-tuned benefit factors. This makes the ASOS superior over SOS. To prove the superiority of ASOS algorithm over SOS algorithm and T2FPIDF controller over other proposed controllers, transient performance of the AGC system is studied by applying a sudden step load change of 10% in area-1 of the two unequal area power system. Various transient parameters such as undershoot, overshoot and settling time are considered to carry out the performance analysis study. Robustness analysis is performed by varying all the system parameters to prove the effectiveness of the proposed controller against parametric variation. Finally it observed that ASOS optimized T2FPIDF controller outperforms other proposed controllers in terms of less undershoot, overshoot and settling time.

Automatic generation control of thermal generating unit using evolutionary controller

This paper obtain the dynamic response of deviation in load frequency and corresponding tie-line power of an automatic generation control (AGC) in three area interconnected thermal power system by using two different controller; One is fuzzy logic controller and two is evolutionary (GA for tuning of PID controller) controller. In this paper, evolutionary controller is proposed for improving the performance of load frequency and tie-line power deviation and their dynamic responses are compared with the intelligent controller's responses. The results indicate that the proposed controller exhibit better performance and satisfy the automatic generation control requirements with a reasonable dynamic response. The performances of the controllers are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK 2013a (8.1.0.604) software.

Automatic generation control of thermal generating unit using evolutionary controller

This paper obtain the dynamic response of deviation in load frequency and corresponding tie-line power of an automatic generation control (AGC) in three area interconnected thermal power system by using two different controller; One is fuzzy logic controller and two is evolutionary (GA for tuning of PID controller) controller. In this paper, evolutionary controller is proposed for improving the performance of load frequency and tie-line power deviation and their dynamic responses are compared with the intelligent controller's responses. The results indicate that the proposed controller exhibit better performance and satisfy the automatic generation control requirements with a reasonable dynamic response. The performances of the controllers are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK 2013a (8.1.0.604) software.

AGC in an Interconnected Power System of Thermal Generating Unit through Evolutionary Technique

This study presents to obtain the dynamic response of load frequency and corresponding tie-line power of an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) in four area interconnected thermal power system by using three different technique (Controller); One is Conventional (PI) technique, second is Intelligent(Fuzzy) technique and third is Evolutionary (GA for tuning of PID Controller) Technique. In this study Evolutionary technique are proposed for improving the performance of load frequency and tie-line power and their dynamic responses are compared with the conventional and intelligent controller’s responses. The results indicate that the proposed controller exhibit better performance and satisfy the automatic generation control requirements with a reasonable dynamic response. The performances of the controllers are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.

Optimized PI+ load–frequency controller using BWNN approach for an interconnected reheat power system with RFB and hydrogen electrolyser units

Abstract This paper investigates a renewable energy resource’s application to the Load–Frequency Control of interconnected power system. The Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are replaced with Proportional-Integral Plus (PI+) controllers in a two area interconnected thermal power system without/with the fast acting energy storage devices and are designed based on Control Performance Standards (CPS) using conventional/Beta Wavelet Neural Network (BWNN) approaches. The energy storing devices Hydrogen generative Aqua Electroliser (HAE) with Fuel cell and Redox Flow Battery (RFB) are incorporated to the two area interconnected thermal power system to efficiently damp out the electromechanical oscillations in the power system because of their inherent efficient storage capacity in addition to the kinetic energy of the generator rotor, which can share the sudden changes in power requirements. The system was simulated and the frequency deviations in area 1 and area 2 and tie-line power deviations for 5% step- load disturbance in area 1 are obtained. The comparison of frequency deviations and tie-line power deviations of the two area interconnected thermal power system with HAE and RFB designed with BWNN controller reveals that the PI+ controller designed using BWNN approach is found to be superior than that of output response obtained using PI+ controller. Moreover the BWNN based PI+ controller exhibits a better transient and steady state response for the interconnected power system with Hydrogen generative Aqua Electroliser (AE) unit than that of the system with Redox Flow Battery (RFB) unit.

Genetic algorithm tuned IP controller for Load Frequency Control of interconnected power systems with HVDC links

Abstract A new design of decentralized Load Frequency Controller for interconnected thermal non-reheat power systems with AC-DC parallel tie-lines based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) tuned Integral and Proportional (IP) controller is proposed in this paper. A HVDC link is connected in parallel with an existing AC tie-line to stabilize the frequency oscillations of the AC tie-line system. Any optimum controller selected for load frequency control of interconnected power systems should not only stabilize the power system but also reduce the system frequency and tie line power oscillations and settling time of the output responses. In practice Load Frequency Control (LFC) systems use simple Proportional Integral (PI) or Integral (I) controller. The controller parameters are usually tuned based on classical or trial-and-error approaches. But they are incapable of obtaining good dynamic performance for various load change scenarios in multi-area power system. For this reason, in this paper GA tuned IP controller is used. A two area interconnected thermal non-reheat power system is considered to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controller. The simulation results show that the proposed controller provides better dynamic responses with minimal frequency and tie-line power deviations, quick settling time and guarantees closed-loop stability margin.

Beta Wavelet Neural Network Based Load-Frequency Controller for an Interconnected Reheat Power system with Hydrogen Electrolyser

This paper investigates a renewable energy resources application to the Load-Frequency Control of interconnected power system. The Proportional plus Integral(PI) controller gains of the two area interconnected thermal power system with the fast acting energy storage devices are designed based on Control Performance Standards (CPS) using conventional/Beta Wavelet Neural Network(BWNN) approaches. The energy storing device Hydrogen generative Aqua Electrolizer (HAE) with fuel cell can efficiently damp out the electromechanical oscillations in the power system because of their efficient storage capacity in addition to the kinetic energy of the generator rotor, which can share the sudden changes in power requirements. The system was simulated and the frequency deviations in area 1 and area 2 and tie-line power deviations for 1% and 5% step- load disturbance in area 1 are obtained. The comparison of frequency deviations and tie-line power deviations of the two area interconnected thermal power system with HAE designed with BWNN Controller are found to be superior than that of output response obtained using PI Controller.

Optimal Decentralized Load Frequency Control in a Parallel AC-DC Interconnected Power System Through HVDC Link Using PSO Algorithm

A new design of decentralized load-frequency controller for interconnected power systems with ac-dc parallel using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed in this paper. A HVDC link is connected in parallel with an existing ac tie-line to stabilize the frequency oscillations of the ac system. Any optimum controller selected for load frequency control of interconnected power systems should not only stabilize the power system but also reduce the system frequency and tie line power oscillations and settling time of the output responses. In practice Load Frequency Control (LFC) systems use simple Proportional Integral (PI) or Integral (I) controller parameters are usually tuned based on classical or trial-and-error approaches, they are incapable of obtaining good dynamic performance for various load change scenarios in multi-area power system. For this reason, in this paper the PI and I control parameters are tuned based on PSO algorithm method for the LFC control in the two-area power system. A two area interconnected thermal power system is considered to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controller. The simulation results show that the proposed controller provides better dynamic responses with minimal frequency and tie-line power deviations, quick settling time and guarantees closed-loop stability margin.

Automatic Generation Control in Multi Area Interconnected Power System by using HVDC Links

T his paper investigates the effects of HVDC link in parallel with HVAC link on automatic generation control (AGC) problem for a multi-area power system taking into consideration system parameter variations. A fuzzy logic controller is proposed for four area power system interconnected via parallel HVAC/HVDC transmission link which is also referred as asynchronous tie-lines. The linear model of HVAC/HVDC link is developed and the system responses to sudden load change are studied. The simulation studies are carried out for a four area interconnected thermal power system. Suitable solution for automatic generation control problem of four area electrical power system is obtained by means of improving the dynamic performance of power system under study. Robustness of controller is also checked by varying parameters. Simulation results indicate that the scheme works well. The dynamic analyses have been done with and without HVDC link using fuzzy logic controller in Matlab-Simulink. Further a comparison between the two is presented and it has been shown that the performance of the proposed scheme is superior in terms of overshoot and settling time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v2i1.182

Design of decentralized load-frequency controllers for interconnected power systems with AC-DC parallel tie-lines and GDB nonlinearity using MOEA.

A new design of decentralized load-frequency controllers for interconnected power systems with AC-DC parallel tie-lines and governor dead band (GDB) nonlinearity using multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) is proposed. A HVDC link is connected in parallel with an existing ac tie-line to stabilize the frequency oscillations of the ac system. The proposed control strategy is mainly based on a compromise between integral squared error and maximum stability margin criteria. A two area interconnected thermal power system is considered to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controller. The simulation results show that the system dynamic performance has been improved with increased stability margin when compared to a conventional controller.

Design of Decentralized Load-frequency Controllers for Interconnected Power Systems with AC-DC Parallel Tie-lines and GDB Nonlinearity Using MOEA

A new design of decentralized load-frequency controllers for interconnected power systems with AC-DC parallel tie-lines and governor dead band (GDB) nonlinearity using multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) is proposed. A HVDC link is connected in parallel with an existing ac tie-line to stabilize the frequency oscillations of the ac system. The proposed control strategy is mainly based on a compromise between integral squared error and maximum stability margin criteria. A two area interconnected thermal power system is considered to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controller. The simulation results show that the system dynamic performance has been improved with increased stability margin when compared to a conventional controller.

Decentralized biased dual mode controllers for load frequency control of interconnected power systems considering GDB and GRC non-linearities

A new design of decentralized biased proportional and integral dual mode controllers for load frequency control of interconnected power systems considering governor deadband (GDB) and generation rate constraint (GRC) non-linearities is presented in this paper. Any optimum controller selected for load frequency control of interconnected power systems should not only stabilize the power system but also reduce the system frequency and tie line power oscillations and settling time of the output responses. Hence, a simple design of biased controllers with proportional and integral modes using an integral square error (ISE) criterion and maximum stability margin (MSM) criterion based on minimum settling time for interconnected power systems are discussed. These controllers are designed and implemented in a two area interconnected thermal power system with GDB and GRC non-linearities. The proposed controller is found to be simple in structure and easy for implementation. The closed loop system was simulated, and the frequency and tie line power deviations resulting from a step load disturbance are presented. Comparison of the performances of the proportional plus integral biased controller and the proposed proportional (P) and integral (I) biased dual mode controllers shows that the system performance is improved significantly with the proposed controllers. Further, it is also shown that the biased dual mode controllers are found to be less sensitive to changes in system parameters.

Design of Decentralized Biased Dual Mode Controllers for Load–Frequency Control of Interconnected Power Systems

A design of decentralized proportional and integral biased dual mode controllers for load-frequency control of interconnected power systems is proposed in this article. The proposed controller is simple in structure and easy for implementation. These controllers are designed and implemented in a two area interconnected thermal power system. The system was simulated and the frequency and tie line power deviations resulting for a step load disturbance are presented. The comparison of the proportional plus integral (PI) biased controller and the proposed proportional (P) and integral (I) biased dual mode controller shows that, with the application of the proposed controller, the system performance is improved significantly. The proposed controller is also found to be less sensitive to the changes in the parameters of the system.