Arduino Uno Platform Research Articles

A Practical Implementation Fire Monitoring Systems Using Fuzzy Methods

Fires are serious disasters that require effective monitoring or control systems to identify risks and respond quickly. In this study, observations were made on the A Practical Implementation Fire Monitoring Systems Using Fuzzy Methods using temperature input from DHT22 sensors, smoke from MQ-2 sensors, and fire history as evaluation variables. The system will classify the temperature as "low", "medium", or "high", smoke as "low", "medium", "concentrated", as well as the history of fires categorized as "low", "medium", "high". The input will be processed using fuzzy logic to generate recommended actions, the actions are classified into "evacuate", "stay away from the area", or "wait for instructions". The implementation of the monitoring system uses the Arduino UNO platform as its base, then the DHT22 temperature sensor, and the MQ-2 smoke sensor to detect fire conditions. Then the test results from the monitoring system will provide recommendations related to more accurate and responsive actions based on actual conditions at the fire site.

Analysis of the Electric Power Monitoring System in Wind Power Plants Based on Arduino Uno

The Wind Power Plant is a renewable energy solution that can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, to ensure operational efficiency and reliability, an effective monitoring system is needed to monitor and manage the electrical power produced. This resear chaims to develop and analyzean electrical power monitoring system at PLT Busing the Arduino Uno platform. The proposed monitoring system consist sofsophisti cated sensors integrated with Arduino Unotocollect real-time data regarding wind speed, output voltage, current and turbine operational conditions. The data collectedby these sensor sissentto the Arduino Uno, which then processes andstores thedata for further analysis. Additionally,this data canbe transmitted toot her devices for remote monitoring via a wire less communication module. Algorithms were developed to analyze and display critical information about turbine performance, including anomaly detection and failure prediction. System testing was carried out on a small-scale PLTB model, and the results showed that this system was able to monitor changes in electrical power with high accuracy and fast response time. Implementation of this Arduino Uno-based monitoring system also enable searly detection of potential problems, so that preventive action can be taken to reduce downtime and increase operational efficiency. The results of this research showthat using Arduino Uno as a platform for the electrical power monitoring system at PLTBis not only effective in collecting andanalyzing data,butis also economical andeasy to implement.This system canbeeasily adaptedand expanded to suit the specific needs of various types of PLTB. In conclusion, the Arduino Uno-based monitoring system offers an innovative and practical solution to improve the performance and reliability of PLTB.

Real time monitoring of heavy metal adulteration in biodiesel using Arduino UNO platform@A promising multi-purpose stimuli-responsive azomethine based chemoreceptor for hierarchical tri-ionic sensing

The presence of metallic adulteration even in very trace level may lead to deleterious impact on the biodiesel quality and ultimately may be responsible for the dropping down of system efficiency, which necessitates the trace level recognition of heavy metal adulteration from biodiesel. In this context, herein using an azomethine functionalized chromogenic chemoreceptor, 1-((E)-(4-hydroxyphenylimino) methyl) napthalen-2-ol (HMN) has been reported for the selective chemodosimetric recognition of Cu2+ with a lower detection threshold of 7.8 ppb via distinct chromogenic variation of HMN. In addition to this, it has also exhibited selective and reversible naked eye chromogenic sensing behaviour towards F− (LOD=160 ppb) and Al3+ (LOD=48 ppb) at very trace level, which is quite lower than the WHO permissible limit. Distinct chromogenic recognition of F− by HMN proceeds via strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding mediated improved intramolecular charge transfer. The spectroscopic response of HMN in alternate presence and absence of the targeted analytes made it suitable to formulate AND-NOT-XNOR-NAND-OR gate based ‘Castle-like’ complicated logic circuitry. In-vitro cell imaging study using A549, human lung carcinoma cell line attests intracellular recognition capability of HMN, demonstrating its effectual bio-medicinal applications. Interestingly, inspired by the capability of HMN towards recognition of copper from biodiesel specimen, an RGB-assisted device comprised of TCS color sensor and an Arduino UNO 8-bit microcontroller has been developed for real-time quantitative analysis of the biodiesel adulteration. Going one step further, utilization of lab-on-a-box based prototype to monitor the concentration-dependent chromogenic fluctuation via RGB analysis is undoubtedly beneficial for the determination of copper adulteration in biodiesel sample. The presently developed chemoreceptor can thus be regarded as a valuable addition in the field of supramolecular chemistry as well as a significant initiative towards regular monitoring of the biodiesel quality control parameters as a part of sustainable environment.

A comprehensive investigation of an LTE-enabled smart door system using the Arduino UNO

Traditional residential security systems frequently lack remote access and real-time reaction capabilities, necessitating home automation security technology developments. With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), solutions such as the Smart Door are prepared to transcend these constraints by leveraging modern communication technology. The article aims to develop, implement, and evaluate an LTE-enabled Smart Door system built on the Arduino Uno platform. The goal is to improve home security by offering keyless entry, real-time surveillance, and remote operation, increasing user convenience and system reliability. We created a Smart Door system with an Arduino Uno microcontroller and LTE connectivity. The system's performance was measured using a variety of measures, including response time, reliability, and security against unwanted access. Testing included simulation environments and real-world scenarios to ensure the system's operational efficacy and security. The Smart Door system performed admirably, with a reaction time of less than two seconds in 95% of commands and strong resilience to brute force attacks. It effectively incorporated keyless entry, live video streaming, and real-time alarms, all controlled by a smartphone app, demonstrating the system's dependability and efficiency in live scenarios. The LTE-enabled Smart Door system considerably improves over traditional home security options. It provides enhanced security, simple operation, and more outstanding remote management capabilities by utilizing IoT technology. These enhancements fill essential holes in existing systems, providing a safer, dependable, and convenient answer for modern home security requirements.

Projeto e implementação de um sensor de radiação solar com arduino uno e célula de referência

Our work is pointed toward planning a device for estimating all out solar radiation in light of a reference photovoltaic cell. The rule of this device is chiefly founded qualities of a photovoltaic cell where sun oriented radiation is corresponding to the short circuit current, wich is estimated by a resistor.The voltage difference at these connections is measured by acquisition using a functional amplifier and then recorded into an analogue-to-digital converter for further processing. The Arduino Uno platform was chosen to process and display in real-time the solar radiation received from the reference cell surface. The affordable device has a wide range of uses, including monitoring solar radiation in both stand-alone and grid-connected photovoltaic power plants. The decision to utilize the Proteus design software environment has proven to be a key factor in the successful testing and validation of the device's performance. This integrated platform has enabled the efficient implementation and simulation of the hardware and software components, ultimately leading to the development of a cost-effective and reliable solar radiation estimation solution.

A decision-making approach on control techniques for an inverted pendulum based on, neuro-fuzzy, indirect adaptive and PID controllers

The operation of an inverted pendulum and its respective type of control are affected by the change of the values of its internal parameters. Changes with high uncertainty result in responses with undesirable outputs. In this work, a comparison is presented for the control of an inverted pendulum to determine the operation and characteristics of three types of control systems: Neuro-Fuzzy Control (NFC), Indirect Adaptive Control (IAC) and a Proportional Integral Derivative control (PID). The study considers several indices such as stabilization time, rise time, mean square error, overshoots, convergence, computational load, error, mathematical requirements, and performance indices for control systems. To demonstrate its operation, the controls are implemented in hardware, one for the NFC and another for the IAC under an Arduino UNO platform. The results indicate that the NFC and IAC controls do not generate a transient or impulse response, only a small delay and the rise and stabilization time are minimal. While PID presents a transient response and overshoot, as well as a stabilization time to reach the steady state response.

Particle swarm optimization for enhanced maximum power point tracking: design and implementation in Proteus

This study introduces a photovoltaic (PV) system model tailored for PV design, incorporating a particle swarm optimization (PSO) MPPT technique to achieve optimal efficiency, swift responsiveness, and cost-effectiveness. To initiate, a PV module model is formulated within Proteus using SPICE coding. Subsequently, an experimental test setup is deployed to authenticate and validate the model. Following this, a PSO-based MPPT algorithm is proposed, which overcomes the limitations of conventional perturb and observe (P&O) and incremental conductance MPPT methods, notably reducing the reliance on mathematical divisions. To substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, both methodologies are implemented on an affordable Arduino Uno platform utilizing the simulated PV module model. The outcomes highlight that the PSO-based MPPT algorithm excels in terms of rapid response (0.09 s), minimal steady-state oscillation, and an impressive 99 percent efficiency.

Optimization of ACS712 Sensor Current Measurement in Solar Power System through Regression Modeling

This study aims to improve the accuracy of current measurements in solar power systems using the ACS712 sensor and linear regression modeling. While the ACS712 sensor is commonly used for current measurement in solar systems, it often faces accuracy issues. In this research, we measured current using the ACS712 sensor alongside a validated reference device and applied a linear regression model to correct any inaccuracies. The results show that our linear regression model significantly boosts the accuracy of ACS712 sensor current measurements. We also conducted performance tests with the model on the Arduino Uno platform, which revealed increased measurement accuracy in various testing scenarios. Before implementing the model, the average difference between ACS712 sensor measurements and reference device readings was 0.364. After implementing the model, this difference dropped substantially to just 0.044.

SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY MODELS BASED ON THE ARDUINO UNO INTERFACE

The issue demonstrated in the article covers construction of surveillance and security systems on Arduino UNO platform Technological and Software aspect which are based on Quality Semiconductor Sensor-MQ135; PIR Motion Sensor and use of blocking peculiarities. 
 The project model integration process in both a virtual and physical context is described in detail and analyzed in the paper. The following are specifically used: An Arduino UNO microcontroller board, the Arduino Software IDE (Integrated Development Environment), a local code editor on the PC, and the virtual online platform tinkercad.com. The work is supplemented by pertinent electronic diagrams, schemes, software code, descriptions of fundamental functionalities, links to virtual project simulation, real-world application, and links to video recordings of the experiment in order to demonstrate the project model's smooth operation.

Surveillance and Security Models Based on the Arduino UNO Interface

In the "digital era," where technology is advancing more quickly than anything else, security and surveillance systems are no exception (video surveillance cameras; fire alarms; security alarms; access systems; environmental measurement products detecting air pollution level, humidity, temperature etc.). This industry is constantly advancing in terms of technology. Artificial intelligence and many others are actively being introduced in this field. Of course, it is possible to buy the technological systems stated above. They are widely available online. However, their technological aspect and the principles behind creating such "smart" products are generally fascinating.  https://innotech.ge/full-color-technology-2/ ;   https://innotech.ge/. Today's most popular model  Arduino UNO platform is used as an example to demonstrate how to build surveillance and security systems using its interface, which is based on the AIR Quality Semiconductor Sensor-MQ135 and the utilization of the PIR Motion Sensor block's characteristics. The project model integration process in both a virtual and physical context is described in detail and analyzed in the paper. The following are specifically used: An Arduino UNO microcontroller board, the Arduino Software IDE (Integrated Development Environment), a local code editor on the PC, and the virtual online platform tinkercad.com. The work is supplemented by pertinent electronic diagrams, schemes, software code, descriptions of fundamental functionalities, links to virtual project simulation, real-world application, and links to video recordings of the experiment in order to demonstrate the project model's smooth operation.

Development of a test bench to solve a simple labyrinth

This paper deals with building an automatic test bench for detecting and solving a simple maze. There are many suitable sensors for detecting walls and ball, as find quick and stabile algorithm for deliver the ball to the target. Two servo motor are used to tilt the table of the maze. The first part of the paper shows the experiences of using OV7076 camera with Arduino Nano which was used for the first time to solve the problem. The final version of the maze solver contains a USB camera, an Arduino UNO platform, OpenCV and PyCharm software. Furthermore, paper reveals possibilities of decision-making-process and the direction of following research work.

DETEKSI KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN TEGANGAN PADA TRANSFORMATOR DISTRIBUSI BERBASIS SENSOR PZEM-004T TERNOTIFIKASI BUZZER

Abstract
 The distribution transformer is part of the distribution system, the transformer that is closest to the customer, if there is a problem with this transformer, the customer will immediately feel it. So to ensure the availability of electricity distribution, this transformer requires periodic maintenance and service. Detection of distribution transformers by detecting an imbalance of voltage and oil temperature in the transformer. To get the voltage and current values using the PZEM-004T sensor and for the transformer oil temperature value with a temperature of DS18B20 which will be forwarded to the LCD screen via the Arduino Uno platform. For the average value of the voltage obtained is 65V. this tool successfully reads the output of current, voltage and transformer oil temperature well with an average error of 0.74% at the maximum current reading in phase T. The system can provide information if there is a voltage imbalance, for voltage imbalance the largest error percentage is obtained. in Phase R of 6.31%. The voltage imbalance should not be more than 2.5% so that the voltage value that is read on the R phase exceeds the capacity of the voltage imbalance which causes a voltage imbalance disturbance in the T phase and the display of the value that is read on the LCD will appear the words "Not Normal Voltage" and marked with his life buzzer.

IoT based smart parking model using Arduino UNO with FCFS priority scheduling

Develop a suitable method to handle parking problem in the crowded big city, as per the demand and number of parking slots available, by giving priority to the users with help of smart parking system. This study proposed Internet of Things-(IoT) based smart parking model using the Arduino UNO model in implementation. This proposed model helps users to allocate booking users vehicles parking free available slot as per time to time availability in college campuses during technical fest in different parking slots and locations. In this working model, Passive Infrared, with ultrasonic Sensors are used which helps to deducting the available parking location and allow us to find out for giving priority based First Come First Serve based-(FCFS) scheduling of parking allotments as per slot is vacant count. This model examine the way of the proposed system with utilizing scenarios of various possible ways with FCFS which show the significance of the parking model using IoT platform. The parking availability detection is capable to find solutions for an empty vehicle parking area for monitoring and reduces users search time as per an automated smart parking model using the internet of things, sensing devices and Arduino UNO(“Uno” means one in Italian languages) in giving priority to users with scheduling model is actual findings with Smart systems. This study proposed an automated parking system to function on a real-time basis to detect all empty parking places based on the internet of things platform, with help of sensors. Arduino UNO platform brings automation to this system on per priority basis to all the users with scheduling techniques. The priority given to users with an automation system is a novelty compared with an existing system. This smart parking is working on real-time basis inputs based on that user demands priority is varying to book parking slots with first come first serve preference.

IOT Based Soil Monitoring and Automatic Irrigation System

Computrization of farmer work on Feild or farm activities can process agricultural domain from being manual and static to intelligent and dynamic leading to higher production with lesser human management.This paper proposes an automatic irrigation system that monitors and maintains the required soil wet content via automatic watering. Microcontroller ATMEGA328P on arduino uno platform is employed to implement the management unit.The setup uses soil wet sensors that live the precise wet level in soil. This worth allows the system to use acceptable amount of water that avoids over/under irrigation. IOT is utilized to remain the farmers updated regarding the standing of water sprinklers. data from the sensors is often updated on a webpage electronic equipment through that a farmer will check whether or not the water sprinklers ar ON/OFF at any given time. Also, the sensing element readings ar transmitted to a issue speak channel to get graphs for analysis.

Desarrollo de un turbidímetro portátil de bajo coste para procesos químicos

Turbidity is a physical property related to the scattering of light by particles that aresuspended in a liquid. Commercial turbidimeters are priced at the range of hundreds tothousands of dollars. Considering this scenario, it is proposed in this work the developmentof a low-cost portable turbidimeter for monitoring of turbidity in processes. An infrared LEDwas used as light emitter, and an infrared phototransistor as light receiver. The signalprocessing control unit was developed with the Arduino Uno platform. The calibration of theturbidimeter was done by means of a comparative test in triplicate, using as reference thecommercial turbidimeter 2100P, HACH®. The turbidimeter was able to perform analysis inthe range of 100 to 1000 NTU, presenting an innovation character given its portability andcomputer communication via USB, and in a good price range for the prototype, costing US$46.30

Direct Current (DC) Motor Speed and Direction Controller

The direct current motor is an important drive configuration for many applications across a wide range of power and speeds. It has variable characteristics and is used extensively in variable-speed drives. The goals of this project are to control the direction and speed of a Direct Current (DC) motor. Due to the advancement of wireless technology, there are several communication devices introduced such as GSM, Wi-Fi, ZIGBEE and Bluetooth. Each of the connections has its own unique specification and application. Among these wireless connections, Bluetooth technology is often implemented and can be sent from the mobile phone at a distance of 10 meters. The speed control was implemented using Bluetooth technology to provide communication access from a smartphone. Instead, the ARDUINO UNO platform can be used to quickly promote electronic systems. And an electronics technique is called Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is used to achieve speed control, and this technique generates high and low pulses, then these pulses vary the speed in the motor. In order to control this PWM pulse, variable resistors are used and depend on it the speed of the DC motor will increase or decrease. The variable resistor is adjusting to varying the speed of the motor, and the higher the resistance the lower the speed of the motor rotates. The direction of the motor is controlled by the relay by giving and giving a command on the virtual terminal. The speed of the motor is directly proportional to the resistance as the speed increased after the resistance also increased and vice versa. The significance of this study is practical and highly feasible from the economic point of view and has the advantage of running the motor at a higher rating in term of a reliable, durable, accurate and efficient way of controlling speed and direction control.

캔테나를 이용한 아두이노기반 FMCW 레이다 시스템 설계

In this study, the design of a low-cost frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system at C-band using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components is presented. The proposed radar system consists of low-cost surface-mounting devices and monolithic ICs on a multi-layer FR4 PCB for system integrity. The Tx/Rx antennas (Cantennas) were fabricated with commercial cans based on waveguide dominant mode analysis. The proposed radar system is connected to the Arduino UNO platform, which transfers the received analog backscattered RF signal to MATLAB to display a range versus time intensity (RTI) plot. The designed radar has a maximum detection range of 56.3 m.

Precision Agriculture using IOT

Automation of farm activities can transform agricultural domain from being manual and static to intelligent and dynamic leading to higher production with lesser human supervision. This paper proposes an automated irrigation system which monitors and maintains the desired soil moisture content via automatic watering. Microcontroller ATMEGA328P on Arduino Uno platform is used to implement the control unit. The setup uses soil moisture sensors which measure the exact moisture level in soil. This value enables the system to use appropriate quantity of water which avoids over/under irrigation. IOT is used to keep the farmers updated about the status of sprinklers. Information from the sensors is regularly updated on a webpage using GSM-GPRS SIM900A modem through which a farmer can check whether the water sprinklers are ON/OFF at any given time. Also, the sensor readings are transmitted to a Thing speak channel to generate graphs for analysis.

Speed Control of the Direct Current Servomotor and the Stepper Motor with Arduino UNO Platform

Servomotors are special direct current or alternating current electric machines which have an adjustable rotational speed in a wide range, in both directions and which aim at moving a mechanical system along a trajectory in a prescribed time. Servomotors are used in various applications: robotics, machine tools with numerical control, aerospace technology, medical installations and others. Stepper motors are special synchronous machines that have a different construction than the classic one and are used in precision drive systems, with open loop such as: aircraft on-board equipment, timing and recording systems, electronics, office equipment, robotics industrial, etc. This paper experiences the speed control of a direct current servomotor, type SM-S2309S, with the help of the Arduino UNO platform, which is the simplest solution for the development of electronic applications. The study experiences also speed and step control of a stepper motor, type 28BYJ-48, with the Arduino UNO platform.

Development of a heat pulse sensor for measuring matric suction on soilless substrates

Crops cultivated in greenhouse normally use soilless substrates as a growing medium. In this production process, strict control of the application of water and fertilizers is required. The availability of sensors that measure accurately and at low cost the matric suction in the culture medium enables the automation of irrigation. Currently available sensors have deficiencies such as reduced sensitivity at low suctions, interference from ambient temperature and being affected by the salinity of the substrate. The cost of commercially available sensors is also a challenge. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop a heat dissipation sensor for measuring matric suction in the range of 0 to 5 kPa, as required by most agricultural substrates. The sensor consists of two parts, the first being an active core comprised of a heat source and a temperature sensor. The second part is a specially designed porous body that comes to hydraulic equilibrium with the medium in which the sensor is inserted. The porous body was produced using sintered glass microspheres. The data acquisition system uses the Arduino Uno platform. Sensors were calibrated and tested using a coconut fiber substrate submitted to water tensions between 0 and 10 kPa, using Haines’ funnels. Good correlations were observed between temperature variations in the sensor and water tension variations in the substrate between 0 and 5 kPa. The low cost and the adequate sensitivity of the sensor indicate that it can be used in the automatic control of irrigation systems in cultivation of plants in substrates.