Arduino Microcontroller Research Articles

Smart Fuel Monitoring for Agricultural Fleet Operations Using Tilt Sensors and Cloud Data Processing

This paper presents a novel Internet of Things (IoT)-based fuel monitoring and tracking system designed to address limitations of traditional fuel gauges and enhance fleet management efficiency. The system leverages an accelerometer and Arduino microcontroller to measure fuel level by detecting tilt angles within the tank. This data, along with real-time location from GPS, is transmitted to a cloud platform for processing and visualization. A mobile application, "Tracer," empowers users with insights into fuel level, location on a map, and distance traveled. Graphical fuel consumption patterns further aid in optimization strategies. This solution offers real-time data for improved fuel efficiency, proactive route planning, and overall fleet management. The proposed system is successfully implemented IOT based technology. This sys in Ada fruit IO cloud issued to provide information about vehicle location, fuel level in tank and distance travelled by the vehicle.

Corrugated veneer panel thermophysical properties

The article substantiates the need to develop new mechanisms for the hardwood use in modern conditions of Republic of Karelia timber industry. One of the potential uses of birch wood in wooden house construction is building materials production from veneer and slab materials based on it. A large amount of associated waste from processing birch wood into veneer stands out as one of the key problems. A new slab joinery and construction material made of corrugated birch veneer is considered. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the thermophysical properties of a corrugated board made of birch wood. To achieve this goal, the tasks and methods of research are defined. An experimental device has been developed to conduct an experiment to determine the values of thermophysical characteristics. DS18B20 temperature sensors were used to measure the surface temperature, as well as to monitor device operation and the room air temperature. The sensors are connected to the Arduino microcontroller platform, which was used to record and transmit sensor readings. Additionally, the course of the experiment was monitored using a thermal imager Testo 875-1i. During the experiment, more than 1000 measurements were carried out. As a result of data processing, a diagram of the dependence of the density of the heat flux passing through the sample on time, as well as diagrams of the dependence of thermal conductivity and thermal resistance on the temperature difference on the sample surfaces, was obtained. The diagrams show the regression dependences of changes in heat flux density, thermal conductivity and thermal resistance during measurements. The values of the heat flux density, thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal resistance calculated on the basis of regression equations and the values obtained experimentally are determined. The directions of further research of the material under consideration are determined.

AI-Based Environmental Monitoring System with Farm Automation

This project presents an innovative approach to environmental monitoring in agricultural settings using AI-based solutions integrated with IoT technology. The system leverages data collected from various sensors such as soil moisture, gas sensors, and other environmental indicators to monitor the conditions in real-time. By utilizing an Arduino microcontroller, ESP module, and ThingSpeak server, the project is able to capture, store, and transmit sensor data effectively. The highlight of the project is the AI-based weather prediction module implemented using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in Python, providing critical insights into weather conditions and allowing for data-driven decision-making. The system also includes a user-friendly web interface to display real-time monitoring and predictions, enabling farmers to better manage their resources and plan ahead for changes in environmental conditions

Design and Implementation of Line Follower Robot for Automatic Watering of Orchid Plants

This study studies how the line follower robot is made and used for the automation of watering orchid plants. The purpose of using this robot is to reduce the involvement of human hands in the watering process and improve the efficiency of water use. This robot, which is made with an Arduino microcontroller, has an infrared sensor that can detect paths and has an automatic water pump for water distribution. The tests were carried out in a greenhouse where the orchids were well cared for. The results show that the robot can effectively water plants by saving up to 35% water compared to manual methods and increasing productivity by 20%. This invention can be applied on a larger scale in the horticultural industry.

IOT Based Air Quality Monitoring Device

The air quality in the past years has fallen dramatically, creating serious global environmental and health concerns. This project talks about the development of an Internet of Things-based air quality monitoring device that aims to continuously measure and report on certain air quality parameters. This system utilises an Arduino microcontroller as a base for several sensors, including humidity and temperature sensors, particulate matter monitoring sensors, and gas sensors like MQ135. The data uploaded is to a cloud server in real-time on the basis of the present modules of wireless connectivity for easy and remote accessibility to monitor. Apart from that, this technology may be used in the widescale environmental monitoring network while making information easily accessible to the respective user. With the inclusion of IoT, real-time alerts concerning pollutant level can go a long way in enhancing awareness and can help in taking informed decisions that will reduce air pollution. This research solution addresses the critical need in air quality monitoring since it is cheap, scalable, and efficient. Keywords - IoT (Internet of Things), Air Quality Monitoring, Arduino, Sensors, Pollution Detection, Real-time Data, Environmental Monitoring

Automated Bell and LED Display System

Traditional school bell systems and manual scheduling methods often lead to inefficiencies, inaccuracies, and confusion, resulting in operational delays and unclear communication regarding class timings. To address these issues, this project introduces an automated school bell system with a digital display that provides real-time updates on current periods, upcoming classes, and accurate time. Our system utilizes an Arduino microcontroller to automate the ringing of classroom bells based on a pre-set schedule. The bell timing can be easily programmed and adjusted through a user interface, ensuring precise synchronization with the academic timetable. Additionally, an integrated LED display provides real-time visual cues, indicating the current period and upcoming period. This feature helps to minimize confusion and ensure that both students and faculty are consistently informed of schedule changes. This will enable easy management and scheduling updates, reducing the likelihood of errors and improving overall operational efficiency. By streamlining scheduling and enhancing communication clarity, this solution aims to create a more organized and efficient school environment.

Establishment of a measuring unit based on Arduino board for recording vibrations on an agricultural tractor during tillage process

When it comes to agricultural tractor ergonomics, vibration is one of the most important factors to consider. However, little research has been done to evaluate this parameter and its impact on workers’ health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate a portable vibration measurement unit (PVMU) based on an Arduino microcontroller and a vibration sensor (accelerometer ADXL335). The PVMU performance was tested in combination with a commercially available three-axis USB vibration measurement device (VB10). Furthermore, the vibration measurements were used to calculate the tractor driver’s whole-body vibration load according to ISO 2631-1 along three perpendicular axes (X, Y, and Z) during soil tillage using a disk harrow under different tillage speeds of 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0 km/h at a tillage depth of 15 cm in a sandy loam soil. Performance tests of the PVMU and the commercially available three-axis USB vibration meter (VB10) revealed a highly significant level of agreement based on a correlation coefficient of 0.9822. It was found that the vibration level increases with increasing tillage speed. The highest vibration level, 0.80 m/sec2, was observed in the vertical direction (Z-axis) at a tillage speed of 7.0 km/h. The lowest vibration level, 0.12 m/sec2, was observed in the lateral direction (Y-axis) at a tillage speed of 4.0 km/h. The dominant frequency range of vibration transmitted to the tractor seat was found to be between 2.04 Hz and 20.14 Hz. The daily exposure values that is, A (8) determined during this study to assess the health hazards due to vibration for tractor drivers ranged from 0.01 m/sec2 to 0.06 m/sec2 lower than the recommended exposure action value (EAV) limit that is, 0.5 m/sec2. This means that there is no health risk for the driver during the soil tillage using a disk harrow plow. The PVMU proposed in this study is very reliable and can be used as a vibration assessment tool for other agricultural tractor-implement combinations.

Trainer Kit Module for DC Motor Speed Control Using Voice Commands Based on Arduino

Based on the results of observations made by researchers through direct observation of lecturers in the field of electricity, Electrical Engineering Education Study Program, it was found that there is a need for additional trainers as learning media in the electrical machine control course. This study aims to find out how to design a trainer kit design module for DC motor speed control using voice commands by utilizing the Arduino microcontroller. We also learned the results of testing the design of a trainer kit design module for DC motor speed control using voice commands by utilizing the Arduino microcontroller. The research method researchers use is the Research and Development (R&D) method, which aims to develop new products or innovations that benefit. Based on the results of expert validation, it can be concluded that the Arduino Microcontroller-Based Trainer Kit Practical Module obtained a high percentage of media experts at 96%, material experts at 95.5%, and language experts at 80%. These results indicate that this module gets the "Very Eligible" category to be applied to the Electrical Machine Control course.

A novel smart irrigation framework with timing allocation using solenoid valves and Arduino microcontroller

Irrigation in agriculture is the most common way of providing water to agricultural land or fields at normal stretches through channels and embedded platforms with the internet of things (IoT), to upgrade rural development. In this paper, the arrangement of the various types of irrigation systems and embedded platforms for agriculture was studied. The embedded platform can be designed in a suitable framework that can assist the irrigation system in growing more water-required crops. In this work, three relay switches, two solenoid valves, and one water pump source were connected to Arduino ESP32. The free version of Sinric Google Cloud was utilized significantly to control three devices namely, two solenoid valves using two relay switches and a water pump source using one relay switch. The experiment was executed in a prototype manner with timing allocation by considering two agricultural fields where water was supplied either in one field at a time and showed more prominent results to save time, replacement of manual valves, man intervention, power, and suitable quantity of water for more water-required crops namely, arecanut and coconut.

Low-Cost IoT-Based Sensors Dashboard for Monitoring the State of Health of Mobile Harbor Cranes: Hardware and Soft-ware Description

A cost-effective IoT-based real-time data acquisition and analysis hardware system was developed to enhance the performance of the mobile harbor cranes using a combination of a cost-effective quality control monitoring sensor dashboard (proximity sensors, angle position sensor, weight sensor, vibration sensor, and wind sensor), embedded microcontroller (Arduino), and embedded computer (Raspberry Pi). Hardware was operated using a specially developed novel Quality Control and Data Acquisition Multiprocessing software (QC-DAS). The QC-DAS can automatically collect and save real-time data of the sensors in a large-capacity SD card, monitor the state of health of the hardware, and transmit the real-time data of the sensors and the working state of the crane to an IoT server. The novelty of the QC-DAS design is that each function is encapsulated in a predefined module that is "immersed" in a message transmission medium. Modules interact by sending and receiving various signals through this medium. Modularity makes system design simpler, faster, and flexible. Thanks to modularity, users may incorporate their data processing modules when new sensors are added to match the system's needs. Thanks to modularity the DC-DAS can operate quality control hardware for any mobile cranes. There are several constraints in the quality control data acquisition system used by the Damietta Port Authority in Damietta, Egypt, SESCO TRANS company which cause the loading and unloading process to be slowed down. As a result, the SESCO TRANS company upgraded its quality control data acquisition system using the QC-DAS. The hardware was deployed for six months, during which the collected data was used to verify the crane's performance. The vibration produced by the slewing of the crane was monitored and compared with the bearing fault frequency limits, during the operation the wind speed was monitored and compared with the critical wind speed to stop the crane operation automatically, and the payloads data of the six months was collected and was used to calculate the working efficiency of the load and unload process of the crane. The results demonstrated that while maintenance costs were decreased, the crane load/unload procedure was improved. The SESCO TRANS company crane operators approved the developed approach and appreciated the achieved results.

IOT Based Mining, Tracking and Worker Safety Helmet

Abstract: This project addresses a cost-effective, flexible solution of underground mine workers safety. A module of MEMS and temperature-based sensors are used for underground environment monitoring and automating progression of measurement data through IOT communication technique is proposed with high accuracy, smooth control and reliability. Arduino microcontroller is used for collecting data and making decision, based on which the mine worker is informed through server. Sensor data transforms into digital signal and effectively communicate wirelessly with the ground control centre computer.

A New Class of Circulant Chaotic Systems with Unidirectional or Mutual Coupling: Theoretical Investigation and Arduino-Based Electronic Implementation

The study of chaotic systems with special properties addresses one of the ongoing research topics. In this paper, we introduce a new class of third-order chaotic systems possessing a cyclic symmetry obeying unidirectional or mutual coupling. These new models are built by considering nonlinearities with three, four, or five segments and are distinguished from each other by the topological structure of the associated chaotic attractor. The projection of the novel chaotic attractors on certain planes reveals their multiscroll or multiwing character. For illustration, one of these models is studied in detail using analytical and numerical methods. The mechanism giving rise to the establishment of the chaotic regime starting from the state of equilibrium under the variation of a parameter is described using bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits, basins of attraction as well as the maximum Lyapunov exponent. Several zones of parameters are identified where the model experiences two or more attractors (i.e. multistability). In order to demonstrate the practical feasibility of the proposed circulant models, a series of experimental measurements are carried out using a physical implementation with an Arduino microcontroller.

Design and Implementation of a Microcontroller-Based Adaptive Four-Way Traffic Light Control System for Traffic Optimization

This paper presents the design and construction of a microcontroller-based four-way traffic light control system aimed at optimizing traffic flow by automatically adjusting signal timing based on traffic density at each intersection. The system is built around an Arduino ATmega328 microcontroller inter-faced with break beam infrared (IR) sensors (transmitters and receivers) and LED displays. The IR sensors are installed on both sides of the lanes at regulated intervals to detect traffic density. The system is powered by a 12V DC battery and a 5V, 3A power supply is provided using a buck converter IC (LM2596), which steps down the 12V from the battery to 5V, 3A. This 5V power is used to run the Arduino microcontroller and the Darlington pair ICs for current sinking and sourcing. As vehicles pass through the areas monitored by the IR sensors, the traffic density is measured for each opposing lane, allowing the system to determine which lane should be prioritized for traffic flow. The corresponding LED indicators are then activated accordingly.

ANÁLISE DE UM PROTÓTIPO DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA AUXILIAR NA ATRACAÇÃO DE TRANSPORTES FLUVIAIS

This work presents the development of a low-cost prototype to assist in the docking of river transport, using an approximation sensor based on ultrasonic technology to measure the distance between the vessel and the mooring point in order to guarantee safety during anchoring. To solve this need, a functional prototype was built using an Arduino microcontroller as a central control unit, integrated with an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to measure distances, and a 7-segment display to display the data collected in real time. The system allows the captain to have a clear reading of the remaining distance during anchoring, supporting the maneuver safely. Analyzes of the distances measured by the sensor were also carried out to evaluate the precision and functioning of the prototype. The results obtained demonstrated the viability of the proposed system, which uses low-cost electronic components to measure and display the distance between the vessel and the docking location. Its implementation offers an affordable alternative to assist in safe navigation in river transport, especially in riverside communities with limited resources. The study also contributed to discussing new applications of technology, aiming to improve water transport in the country.

IoT-Enabled Fire Alarm System with Cloud-Based Storage and Monitoring

Abstract: The purpose of a fire alarm system is to warn us of an emergency so that we can take precautions to safeguard ourselves, our employees, and the public. However, modern fire alarm systems require a significant amount of wiring and labor during installation. The most frequent issues that was encountered during monitoring commercial and residential fire alarm systems are false alarms, inappropriate installation, lost connections, malfunctioning or aged equipment, and careless maintenance that discouraged users from putting them in their houses as a result. Hence, the researcher developed an IoT-based fire alarm system connected to several types of sensors and micro-controller distributed over the building and house. Each of these nodes is made up of an Arduino microcontroller that is coupled with smoke, temperature, humidity, flame, methane, and carbon monoxide (CO) sensors. Thus, an innovative system is designed with the help of Internet of Things (IoT) that records live reading of sensors and stored in cloud interface which also lessens the investigation process of the authorities concerned. Results shows that majority of the evaluators responded to the functionality of the proposed system to be Superior and provide all the functionality required for the system to detect and prevent fire occurrences.

Smart integration in agriculture: an Arduino-driven rice grain dryer for optimal post-harvest management

In the field of agriculture, the post-harvest stage often presents a multitude of obstacles that have the potential to undermine the quality and longevity of the crop. One of the primary obstacles in rice production is the effective drying of rice grains, which is crucial for preventing problems such as mold growth, discoloration, and unintentional germination. To tackle this issue, we propose an innovative solution: a rice grain drying system driven by an Arduino microcontroller. This device effectively combines technology accuracy with agricultural needs. The system is equipped with a very precise temperature sensor to maintain a uniform drying environment, fluctuating within the range of 50–60 °C. The use of a nichrome heater, selected for its consistent and dependable heat production, is complemented by an air blower to ensure the even distribution of heat throughout the drying chamber. One notable characteristic of this innovation is its significant drying capacity of 50 kg in each operation. The effectiveness of the product was verified by a rigorous testing process. A batch of glutinous rice weighing 25 kg, initially containing 25.5% moisture, was successfully reduced to 13.5% moisture content within a time frame of 125 min. In a similar vein, a batch of grains weighing 40 kg, which had just undergone threshing, had a moisture content of 22% initially. Remarkably, this batch achieved the desirable moisture level of 14% within a mere two-hour timeframe. This innovative technology not only provides a resolution to the difficulties faced in post-harvest processes but also signifies a fundamental change in thinking, introducing a fresh era where intelligent technology seamlessly integrates with traditional agricultural methods.

Advancing Road Safety Through Intelligent Vehicle Accident Detection and Reporting Enabled by IoT Innovation

The escalating incidence of road accidents poses a significant challenge to public safety, often exacerbated by delays in emergency response. This research introduces an IoT-based intelligent system designed to revolutionize accident management by providing real-time data and critical information to emergency services. By seamlessly integrating Raspberry Pi and Arduino microcontrollers with advanced sensors such as force-sensitive resistors (FSRs), GPS, and potentially additional sensors like accelerometers and gyroscopes, the system accurately detects accidents, assesses their severity, and captures comprehensive data, including passenger images, vehicle details, and precise accident location. Upon impact, the system rapidly transmits this data, along with pre and post-accident images, to a designated emergency response center via a secure and reliable communication network. This swift dissemination of critical information empowers emergency responders to make informed decisions, optimize resource allocation, and prioritize response efforts, ultimately saving lives and minimizing the impact of accidents. The system's intelligence lies in its ability to not only detect accidents but also to assess their severity based on sensor data analysis, enabling a more targeted and efficient emergency response. Furthermore, the system's potential to collect valuable data on accident patterns and causes can contribute to the development of preventive measures and road safety strategies. By leveraging the power of IoT technology, this research aims to significantly enhance road safety and transform accident management practices.

Design of smart and self-controlled Solar Grass Cutter with Lawn Coverage

In this paper, we design a piece of equipment called the "Variable Head Automatic Solar Grass Cutter.” The system comprises basic components, including a motor drive circuit, control circuit, and solar panel. The overall operation is controlled by an Arduino microcontroller. The proposed system can automatically cut the lawn while adjusting the cutting height according to the surface needs, making it suitable for different types of lawns. The machine's cutting system consists of a DC motor, which drives and controls the rotating edge along a nylon cord, enabling the machine to cut grass with precision and speed. A primary concern of the machine's operation is the safety of the user. To avoid collisions, an ultrasonic sensor is installed on the front of the machine, allowing it to detect and avoid obstacles in its path. This project utilizes solar panels and rechargeable batteries, reducing energy consumption and promoting the use of renewable energy sources. This makes the machine eco-friendly and cost-effective. Consequently, this machine provides an opportunity to promote progress in innovation and maintenance.

Arduino Based Automatic Door Lock Design Using Personal Identification Number Pin

Current developments require more innovation in everyday life, one of which is home or office door security. Initially, home or office door security was only with ordinary padlocks or door keys found in most houses in Indonesia which had shortcomings in terms of security and effectiveness. In the current era of digitalization, almost every line of human activity is no exception, technology is currently continuously developing more rapidly. This can be observed through the many sophisticated equipment that utilizes technology so that the work system can run automatically. Of course, this makes it much easier for someone to carry out their activities and the work they do is also more efficient. This research aims to design a door lock system that is able to increase security, effectiveness and comfort in accessing rooms, both home and office. This system utilizes an Arduino microcontroller as the brain of the system, a keypad as input for entering the PIN code. Users are allowed to open the door simply by entering a predetermined PIN code. The main advantage of this system is its ease of use and a better level of security compared to conventional door locks. The results of this research are a pin-based door lock system using Arduino and keypad. This system uses the Arduino IDE development application for writing program code and Proteus for work simulation.

BRAKE SHOE OVERHEAT INDICATION SYSTEM FOR HEAVY VEHICLES IN HILL STATIONS USING THERMOCOUPLE AND ARDUINO

This paper introduces a novel Brake Shoe Overheat Indication System designed to enhance the safety of heavy vehicles operating in hill stations. The system utilizes a combination of thermocouples and Arduino microcontroller to monitor and indicate brake shoe temperatures. A threshold temperature of 300 degrees Celsius is set, and the system provides visual indications through green and red lights along with an audible alarm, thereby preventing accidents due to brake overheating.