Architecture Of Data Acquisition System Research Articles

The Microstrip Silicon Detector (MSD) data acquisition system architecture for the FOOT experiment

The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) multi-detector experiment aims at improving the accuracy of oncological hadrontherapy for tumor treatment. It studies the nuclear fragmentation due to the interactions of charged particle beams with patient tissues employing the inverse kinematic approach to boost the fragments in the laboratory reference system. Hence it is necessary a tracking system in a magnetic field to measure the momentum of the charged fragments. The Microstrip Silicon Detector (MSD) is part of the charged-ions-tracking magnetic spectrometer for the evaluation of the Linear Energy Transfer LET (dE/dx) and the nuclear fragments momentum. Here we describe the MSD architecture and its data acquisition system whose task is to collect and digitize the detectors output, generating a data packet to be sent to the experiment’s central acquisition. This data acquisition system is designed and tested to withstand the trigger rate and detector’s throughput; it has a small size and is easily portable, a necessary feature for an experiment that will move among the available ion beam accelerators and proton therapy treatment rooms.

Evolution of the IceCube data acquisition system for IceCube-Gen2

IceCube-Gen2 is a future large-scale extension to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic-kilometer-scale neutrino detector at the geographic South Pole. The IceCube data acquisition system architecture, while running stably with over 99% uptime, will be re-optimized for IceCube-Gen2 to solve design challenges with power consumption, communications bandwidth, and cable specifications. In particular, we describe how distribution of the photomultiplier tube signal digitization and pre-trigger storage can reduce power and bandwidth requirements. Additional changes to IceCube's custom communications protocol can also relax crosstalk requirements on the copper cabling. We report on the status of these optimizations in the prototype Gen2 digital optical module design for the upcoming IceCube Upgrade.

CAREDAS: a Comprehensive Architecture for a Redundant and Evolutive Data Acquisition System for JHR reactor

A new material testing reactor Jules Horowitz Reactor is under construction at CEA Cadarache. The materials to be irradiated will be placed into experimental devices around the reactor. Process and measurements of experimental devices will be carried out by command control. A data acquisition system having processing performances will be associated to the programmable logic controller. The challenge is to design and realize for twenty experiment devices a high availability data acquisition system architecture for 50 years of sustainability. The real time target will achieve 24/7 data acquisition and real time processing. This scalable architecture could be use as well for JHR experimental devices with high availability as for testbed. This architecture could be run on a standalone station for a measuring bench or deployed on cluster for high availability. CAREDAS’s design is modular and use proven widely used open source solutions. All parts are independent from each other and can be replaced with another technology with the same functionalities. This ensures sustainability and control of software sources.

Face RGB-D Data Acquisition System Architecture for 3D Face Identification Technology

Face RGB-D Data Acquisition System Architecture for 3D Face Identification Technology

Face RGB-D Data Acquisition System Architecture for 3D Face Identification Technology

Face RGB-D Data Acquisition System Architecture for 3D Face Identification Technology

Design of High Speed Data Acquisition System Based on FPGA

with the rapid development of information technology, a variety of data acquisition and processing in the modern industrial control and scientific research have become an indispensable part. The data acquisition system is a bridge between the smart instruments and the outside physical world, and it is also an important way to get information. The implementation of high-speed data acquisition and real-time transmission has always been an important research direction in data acquisition system. The development of FPGA technology has provided new solution. In this paper, the typical architecture of data acquisition system was given. The hardware part mainly consists of front high-speed A/D converter module, master controller of FPGA, and USB interface circuit has been realized. According to the idea of design and the procedure of program, software part has been completed. The results show that the system has the characteristics of fast acquisition speed, high storage capacity, small transmission delay, high stability and so on.

Condition Monitoring in a Machine Tool Spindle Using Wireless Sensor

The development of robust condition monitoring system for a machine tool spindle is an important task because the spindle has a significant effect on the processing quality. This paper presents the architecture of data acquisition system for detecting spindle vibration in turning processes in order to develop an on-line condition monitoring system. In this work, a solar-powered wireless sensor system is installed inside the spindle and is used to monitor the machine tool processing state in real time, thereby improving the processing quality. Accelerometer sensors are employed to estimate tool wear; these sensors monitor the vibration of the spindle. The vibration monitoring data of the high-speed spindle is wirelessly transmitted to an external information device in real time. As an alternative to sensors that employ wired power transmission, a solar energy transmission system has been developed to provide the required electric power to the sensor system. The experimental results show that the proposed system successfully measures the vibration frequency of the rotational machine tool spindle.

An Operation-Server Based Data Acquisition System Architecture

Developments in networked embedded system technologies and programmable logic are making it possible to design new, highly flexible data acquisition system (DAS) architectures. We present a networked DAS architecture where the software resources required by the data acquisition (DAQ) units are acquired from a server dynamically, to be stored and executed in local memory. When the DAQ unit needs to call an operation not contained in its memory, the new operation is requested from the server, while resources occupied by operations that have not been used recently are released to make space for it. In this way it is possible to reduce the resource use of the embedded DAQ unit to only what is necessary for efficient operation in its major modes. Since new code is easily distributed to the DAQ units from the server, system upgrades are also simplified.

Data reduction in the ITMS system through a data acquisition model with self-adaptive sampling rate

Long pulse or steady state operation of fusion experiments require data acquisition and processing systems that reduce the volume of data involved. The availability of self-adaptive sampling rate systems and the use of real-time lossless data compression techniques can help solve these problems. The former is important for continuous adaptation of sampling frequency for experimental requirements. The latter allows the maintenance of continuous digitization under limited memory conditions. This can be achieved by permanent transmission of compressed data to other systems. The compacted transfer ensures the use of minimum bandwidth. This paper presents an implementation based on intelligent test and measurement system (ITMS), a data acquisition system architecture with multiprocessing capabilities that permits it to adapt the system's sampling frequency throughout the experiment. The sampling rate can be controlled depending on the experiment's specific requirements by using an external dc voltage signal or by defining user events through software. The system takes advantage of the high processing capabilities of the ITMS platform to implement a data reduction mechanism based in lossless data compression algorithms which are themselves based in periodic deltas.

Real-time acquisition and remote monitoring of steady state tokamak (SST-1) diagnostics data

The architecture of data acquisition system (DAS) for the tokamak SST-1 is essentially distributed and heterogeneous. With the long discharge duration of about 1000 s, that imposes a requirement of sampling data for an equally long duration from the variety of fast and slow diagnostics, the challenge is also to cater the need of a real time monitoring of signals by multiple locally networked users. With these objectives, the DAS is based on a model where the objects of the systems are integrated with the Central Control System of SST-1 using the TCP/IP communication. Communication of each object with the Central Server is facilitated with a dedicated, 100 Mbps, fully duplex, Ethernet connection. The DAS software essentially meets the demand of an active remote configuration of hardware digitizers, like PXI system and that of the initialization of acquisition within the local network. The present work describes the TCP/IP based DAS software in labview for configuring, acquiring, and subsequently, pushing the sampled data into network. The focus is also on a client utility for real-time monitoring of SST-1 diagnostics signals by multiple clients during the discharges. We also describe the model implemented for archival and retrieval of SST-1 diagnostics data using an MDSplus server and the model tree, with its sub trees necessitated by the different SST-1 diagnostics system. In addition to this, viewing the SST-1 diagnostics signals across the network using JSCOPE and browsing the signals using Web is also described, along with a matlab plotting tool for the SST-1 diagnostics data.

Effects of Frame Jitter in Data Acquisition Systems

This paper focuses on the analysis of frame jitter and the impact of data acquisition architecture on the associated disturbances to the acquired record. Frame jitter leads to the same random shift of all samples in an acquired record. It results in errors in the estimates of time intervals, and makes consecutive records slightly incoherent - compromising data averaging procedures. Two complementary algorithms are developed for the quantification of frame jitter, and their performance has been simulated and verified by experiment. They allow the estimation of the standard deviation of the frame jitter using a low-resolution instrument even in noisy environments. An expression for the minimum value of the standard deviation of the frame jitter has been obtained and verified experimentally for typical architectures of data acquisition systems. It is shown that this value could be reduced by specific improvements in the design of data acquisition system architectures.

A low cost, fully integrated, event-driven, real-time control and data acquisition system for fusion experiments

A new, real-time, distributed, control and data acquisition system architecture for long duration fusion experiments was developed based on the new optical communications technologies and the “System on a Chip” methodology. The architecture integrates data routing, data storage, real-time data processing and control and data acquisition nodes, interconnected by a switched-packed, gigabit, point-to-point, communications network. The routing nodes provide connections to the autonomous storage and processing nodes through standard network links. The control and data acquisition nodes are connected to the routing nodes by specifically designed optical links which provide both data transport and timing/synchronism support. The acquired data are time stamped and can be dynamically processed for local control or sent to the external storage, the real-time processing or the control nodes. The standard processor and the reconfigurable field programmable gate array included in each node allow the programming of the data reduction, adaptive signal processing, and control algorithms from a high level system description language. All nodes will be controlled through an instrumentation-specific implementation of the Extensible Markup Language. A control and data acquisition node with 32 independent and galvanically isolated analog channels of 16 bits resolution is under development. All input signals are continuously and simultaneously sampled at a rate of 2 MSPS, time stamped, optionally digitally filtered, and stored in a large circular memory buffer. Three other node configuration sets will also be implemented: 16 channels, 20 MSPS, 16 bit; 8 channels, 100 MSPS, 12 bit; 2 channels, 1 GSPS, 8 bit.

The environmental monitoring system of VIRGO antenna for gravitational wave detection

The VIRGO antenna for gravitational wave detection is a very sensitive interferometer. All the noise sources are very low and continuously monitored by a complex monitoring system. This is a modular system whose architecture has been designed to guarantee the fulfillment of present and future VIRGO needs. Particular care has been devoted both to the management of probes different in type, sensitivity, and bandwidth distributed along the whole antenna and to the system integration within the main VIRGO data acquisition system architecture. The goal of this system is not only distributed synchronous acquisition, but also an on-line pre-analysis of environmental quantities necessary to implement a real-time data quality control.

Micro DAS: In-Vehicle Portable Data Acquisition System

The evolution of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Data Acquisition System (DAS) for Crash Avoidance Research into a relatively inexpensive portable system (Micro DAS) that can be implemented in virtually any vehicle has opened up a wide range of research possibilities never before possible. Micro DAS is very small and can be installed directly into a test participant’s own vehicle in a short time period. Its video recording system is capable of collecting over 22 h of full-motion video. Data collection can be triggered manually or based on events defined by the researcher. Micro DAS is also designed to collect antecedent data, allowing the information leading up to an event to be studied. These features allow the system to collect real-world information on driver behavior, driver and vehicle performance, and roadway environments in situ without concerns associated with vehicle familiarity or researcher presence. The Micro DAS philosophy, architecture, sensor array, and versatility are discussed in detail.

Architecture of data-acquisition systems for high-energy physics experiments

In this review we discuss the evolution of the basic principles of the architecture of data-acquisition systems for experimental setups used in high-energy physics and relativistic nuclear physics during the last 25 years. The effect of the latest advances in computational techniques and communications, such as microprocessors and open bus system standards, on improving data recording and acquisition is discussed. The evolution of data-acquisition systems is illustrated by examples of developments occurring at the leading physics centers and at the Laboratory of High Energy Physics, JINR, Dubna. The trends in the future development of data-acquisition systems are described for the research programs at the LHCcollider, CERN, and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Modular data acquisition system and its use in gas-filled detector readout at ESRF

Since 1992, 18 ESRF beamlines are open to users. Although the data acquisition requirements vary a lot from one beamline to another, we are trying to implement a modular data acquisition system architecture that would fit with the maximum number of acquisition projects at ESRF. Common to all of these systems are large acquisition memories and the requirement to visualize the data during an acquisition run and to transfer them quickly after the run to safe storage. We developed a general memory API handling the acquisition memory and its organization and another library that provides calls for transferring the data over TCP/IP sockets. Interesting utility programs using these libraries are the ‘online display’ program and the ‘data transfer’ program. The data transfer program as well as an acquisition control program rely on our well-established ‘device server model’, which was originally designed for the machine control system and then successfully reused in beamline control systems. In the second half of this paper, the acquisition system for a 2D gas-filled detector is presented, which is one of the first concrete examples using the proposed modular data acquisition architecture.

A proposed scalable parallel open architecture data acquisition system for low to high rate experiments, test beams and all SSC detectors

A data acquisition system architecture which draws heavily from the communications industry is proposed. The architecture is totally parallel (i.e. without any bottlenecks), capable of data rates of hundreds of gigabytes per second from the detector and into an array of online processors (i.e. processor farm), and uses an open systems architecture to guarantee compatibility with future commercially available online processor farms. The main features of the system are standard interface ICs to detector subsystems wherever possible, fiber-optic digital data transmission from the near-detector electronics, a self-routing parallel event builder, and the use of industry-supported, high-level language programmable processors in the proposed Bottom Collider Detector (BCD) system for both triggers and online filters. A brief status report of an ongoing project to build a prototype of the proposed data acquisition system architecture is given. The major component of the system, a self-routing parallel event builder, is described in detail. >

The system architecture of data acquisition systems

Computerized terminal networks have been increasingly used for the acquisition of all kinds of operational data, even in small factories. This paper describes the system architecture and the overall software organization of a typical data acquisition system. Two types of terminals are distinguished within the system architecture. An end terminal provides the appropriate man-machine interface for the preplanned operator dialog and the input of digital signals. An intelligent terminal provides the functions of data transformation, data reduction and data filing as well as the supervision of the operator dialogs at the end terminal. The software structure for both types of terminals is outlined. The hierarchical functional decomposition of both operating systems is described. Terminal scheduling rules and data flow control are discussed.

The system architecture of data acquisition systems

Computerized terminal networks have been increasingly used for the acquisition of all kinds of operational data, even in small factories. This paper describes the system architecture and the overall software organization of a typical data acquisition system. Two types of terminals are distinguished within the system architecture. An end terminal provides the appropriate man-machine interface for the preplanned operator dialog and the input of digital signals. An intelligent terminal provides the functions of data transformation, data reduction and data filing as well as the supervision of the operator dialogs at the end terminal. The software structure for both types of terminals is outlined. The hierarchical functional decomposition of both operating systems is described. Terminal scheduling rules and data flow control are discussed.