Morphogenesis In Architecture Research Articles

Традиции и современность в архитектуре мечетей Ирана

The article is devoted to the architecture of contemporary mosques in Iran. A summary of the historical development of the architectural mosque type in Iran from the emergence of Islam up to the end of the XIX century is offered. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the modern architectural morphogenesis from the early XX century to the present time when liberal politics has led to the author's interpretations of the original provisions of traditional Muslim religious architecture. The authors provide an overview of architectural structures of mosques built in Iran in the XX century and offer an analytical comparison of modern compositions with traditional architectural schemes.

University campus in the strategy of functional and effective architectural morphogenesis

This article presents an analysis of the structure of foreign and russian university campuses to find the most optimal organizational factors. The analysis criteria are the geographical location of campuses, transport and pedestrian schemes, the percentage of landscaping and university rating indicators. As a result of the work, the most effective aspects of the campus organization are emphasized for further application of the acquired knowledge in practice.

Поиски нового художественного образа в архитектуре павильона «Крайний Север» на Всероссийской художественно-промышленной выставке 1896 г. в Нижнем Новгороде

The Far North Pavilion was built by the Moscow-Yaroslavl-Arkhangelsk Railway Joint-Stock Company headed by S. I. Mamontov. The pavilion was supposed to draw public attention to the necessity of continuing the construction of the existing road to the North. The Far North pavilion, along with the Shukhov Tower, was one of the most conceptual structures of this exhibition, showing promising directions in the development of architecture and art, in which new principles of morphogenesis in architecture were first manifested. The article is aimed at identifying the morphogenetic factors that influenced the creation of an innovative image of the pavilion, including the history of its creation, as well as analyzing the new principles of architectural morphogenesis based on an emotional imaginative perception of the North as a source of inspiration. These principles later formed the system of artistic stylization, which determined the aesthetics of Art Nouveau in its national version.

Архитектура современных мечетей Египта как объект критического анализа

The article is devoted to the architecture of modern mosques in Egypt as an object of critical analysis. It provides a summary of the historical development of the architectural type of the mosque in Egypt starting from the emergence of Islam up to the end of the XIX century. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the modern architectural morphogenesis starting from the beginning of the XX century up to the present time when liberal politics allows the architect`s interpretation of the original provisions of the traditional Islamic religious architecture. The article provides an overview of architectural structures, namely, the mosques built in Egypt in the last century, and provides an analytical comparison of modern compositions with traditional architectural schemes.

Интеграция малых ветроэнергетических установок в архитектурную форму малоэтажного жилого здания

The article considers some options of integration of small wind power plants (hereinafter SWPP) into the architectural design of low-rise residential buildings using the effect of strengthening wind flows («draught»). The influence of the architectural form on the creation of this effect emerging near the SWPP location is investigated, the SWPP being regarded as an architectural element of the building. The classification of SWPPs is presented applying the principles of allocation and operation in the most suitable places in the structure of low-rise residential buildings. The «draught» effect emerging in various forms of low-rise buildings is analyzed graphically and on the basis of a software research method envisaging a testing in the form of experimental design. As a hypothesis and goal setting, the authors propose a new architectural morphogenesis of low-rise residential buildings using small wind power plants.

Influence of Modern Processes of Life to The Architecture and Environmental Problems of Urbanization-Cities of Kazakhstan

Two directions of research were formed in the theory of architecture: The first is devoted to the issues of architectural design. In the second study the features of the influence of architecture on people. This is a two-way process of human interaction with the environment, it allows you to study in detail in the future, not only the design of an architectural object, but also the state of people interacting with it. On the one hand, a person changes the environment, and on the other reacts to its impact and influence. And this process is an integral part of human life, because the environment affects his emotional state, mental and physiological processes. This underscores the importance of studying the impact of the surrounding urban space on people, regulating the level of comfortable living by analyzing the ecological state of the environment and the quality of buildings being built. Life processes can be formulated as: spiritual, psychological, physiological, mental, bioenergetic, which affect morphogenesis in architecture. When describing an architectural object, we use such criteria as the functionality of the object, the aesthetics of the construction cost, and the modernity of the architectural solution of the building.

BIO-TECH ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

Design/methodology/approach. This article is devoted to the problems of natural morphogenesis in architecture. To date, many scientific papers have already been published in the field, including those devoted to organic architecture, Japanese metabolism, postmodernism, architectural bionics, hi-tech, etc. This study is the author's appeal to the bio-tech style, which has received a huge polarity in modern architecture.Research findings. This paper reviews and studies architectural styles and trends of the 20−21st centuries and determines the place of the bio-tech style among other architectural styles. It shown how other styles influence its appearance and further development. The review is based on a comparison of the hi- and bio-tech styles. The data for the general study and comparative analysis are taken from written and Internet sources as well as the authors’ observations of the practical implementation of the bio-tech principles in the works of modern architects (N. Foster, H. Senosian, S. Calatrava). The research results demonstrate wide possibilities of using the bio-tech style in a wide variety of buildings. The obtained results can find wide application in educational, competitive (conceptual) and real design.

Theory of architectural morphogenesis (to the development of ideas of the phenomenological school)

The paper is devoted to the historical and architectural aspect of the development of ideas about morphogenesis in architecture and built environment. The paper emphasizes the role and place of the phenomenological area of Russian architectural studies and its influence on the development of formative concepts. A certain innovation is the separation of two branches in the theory of morphogenesis: compositional and phenomenological. The phenomenological concept is considered in the development of ideas of A.G. Gabrichevsky.

Morphological and visual optimization in stadium design: a digital reinterpretation of Luigi Moretti's stadiums

ABSTRACTMorphological and visual optimization in stadium design has undergone a huge evolution during the last decades transforming Luigi Moretti's vision for a Parametric Architecture into reality. In this research, the iconic work presented by the Italian architect in collaboration with the Italian mathematic Bruno de Finetti at the XII Milan Triennale 1960 is reviewed at the light of the last advanced in digital tools and computational design. The innovative formula aimed to connect perception to architectural morphogenesis, represents a milestone in the roots of parametricism, a genial intuition wich as been further explored by contemporary architects and engineers. Comparing different case study and analyzing the state of the art in stadium design, this research explores the evolution of parametric architecture pointing toward integration of new principles in national and international standards.

Hybrid design method for wind-adaptive architecture

The linkage of individual design skills and computer-based capabilities in the design process offers yet unexplored environment-adaptive architectural solutions. The conventional perception of architecture is changing, creating a space for reconfigurable, “living” buildings responding, for instance, to climatic influences. Integrating the element of wind to the architectural morphogenesis process can lead toward wind-adaptive designs that in turn can enhance the wind microclimate in their vicinity. Geometric relations coupled with material properties enable to create a tensegrity-membrane structural element, bending in the wind. First, the properties of such elements are investigated by a hybrid method, that is, computer simulations are coupled with physical prototyping. Second, the system is applied to basic-geometry building envelopes and investigated using computational fluid dynamics simulations. Third, the findings are transmitted to a case study design of a streamlined building envelope. The results suggest that a wind-adaptive building envelope plays a great role in reducing the surface wind suction and enhancing the wind microclimate.

Bionic architecture: back to the origins and a step forward

The article reviews research in the field of architectural bionics and its historical background. The article considers the development of bionic architecture from its origin till the present day. It was established how various functional elements of live forms, nature as a whole, and architectural shape formation interact and correlate. The basic factors, influencing the shape forming elements of the architectural composition, were identified. The main terms, associated with bionic shape formation, were indicated. Modern trends in bionic architecture were considered. The examples of outstanding architectural specimens and their creators were given. The concepts of architectural bionics and bionic architecture were defined and differentiated. The article considers the development of the bionic architectural style and determines the historical background of its development. The issues of fractal geometry are also addressed by reviewing the French scientist B. Mandelbrot's treatise "The Fractal Geometry of Nature". The conclusions were made about the advisability of using fractal algorithms in architectural morphogenesis. The article considers the principles of bionic architectural design that contribute to the development of architects' imaginative and analytical thinking and allow them to apply innovative methods of shape formation in town planning. It was concluded that one of the most important conditions for the optimal functioning of an artificial environment is its organic unity with natural environment, as well as mimesis (deliberate imitation), which is an objective prerequisite of the bionic trend in architecture.

Bionic architecture: back to the origins and a step forward

The article reviews research in the field of architectural bionics and its historical background. The article considers the development of bionic architecture from its origin till the present day. It was established how various functional elements of live forms, nature as a whole, and architectural shape formation interact and correlate. The basic factors, influencing the shape forming elements of the architectural composition, were identified. The main terms, associated with bionic shape formation, were indicated. Modern trends in bionic architecture were considered. The examples of outstanding architectural specimens and their creators were given. The concepts of architectural bionics and bionic architecture were defined and differentiated. The article considers the development of the bionic architectural style and determines the historical background of its development. The issues of fractal geometry are also addressed by reviewing the French scientist B. Mandelbrot’s treatise “The Fractal Geometry of Nature”. The conclusions were made about the advisability of using fractal algorithms in architectural morphogenesis. The article considers the principles of bionic architectural design that contribute to the development of architects’ imaginative and analytical thinking and allow them to apply innovative methods of shape formation in town planning. It was concluded that one of the most important conditions for the optimal functioning of an artificial environment is its organic unity with natural environment, as well as mimesis (deliberate imitation), which is an objective prerequisite of the bionic trend in architecture.

Surform: An Architectural Vocabulary of Morphogenesis

The term morphogenesis in architecture is usually associated with parametric design strategies. I intend ‘morphogenetic’ in a different sense. Architecture in general, and architectural education in particular, are awash in proposals that might be best described as ‘biomorphic.’ Yet, in my experience, students and practitioners have neither fundamental understanding of shape-as-surface nor the vocabulary necessary to describe such designs. This vocabulary, including a powerful generalisation of biomorphic shape, is readily available in the work of Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855). Gauss’s generalisation recognised that there are only three types of surface: positively curved, negatively curved and surfaces of zero curvature. This paper offers a concise exposition of Gauss’s formulation, a proposal for a vocabulary sufficient to clearly discuss such shapes in design contexts and a plea for an architectural pedagogy that moves beyond notions of space as bounded emptiness (i.e. beyond perspectival constructions). These reflections are a product of an educational experiment conducted in a first year architectural studio during the spring of 2017. Surform is a neologism, shorthand for ‘shape conceived as surface.’

ALLURE OF THE "CRYSTAL: MYTHS AND METAPHORS IN ARCHITECTURAL MORPHOGENESIS

'Form' has always been one of the most important issues in architectural design. In the process of form-giving to the end-product, architects make use of different sources from typologies to intuitions or metaphorical ones. When the generic ideas of the prominent examples in architectural history have been traced, it can clearly be stated that one of the most effective metaphors used in architecture is the 'Crystal.' Appearing at the intersections between nature and human history and having a long history going back to myths, the 'Crystal' has been used extensively in architecture both as reflecting the meaning originating from its mythical background, and also, as a metaphor representing the perfection in nature. This article will try to trace the use of 'crystal' metaphor in history and analyzing the two examples, namely, the Royal Ontario Museum: 'Crystal' in Toronto (2007) by Daniel Libeskind and Musée des Confluences: 'Crystal Cloud of Culture' in Lyon (2014) by Coop Himmelb(l)au, will try to evaluate the change in the use of crystal metaphor in contemporary architectural morphogenesis.

Soundscapes of Digital Morphogenesis in Architecture which Created from Musical Algorithm

Music and architecture have made use of mathematical proportions throughout the history for the purpose of creating acoustic and visual forms. The reason for this is the aesthetic pursuit of both disciplines since centuries. Mathematics is one of the most important factors that influence aesthetic results. While forming their abstract aesthetic compositions the musicians use the musical notes that have definite frequency values. Each of these frequency values are defined by one integer. Every classical music artist uses the fractal sequencing of these frequencies. On the other hand we encounter hundreds of silent formats which are produced using mathematical ideas. In this context if we think of the interdisciplinary interaction between music and architecture no form is ever silent. In this study, the intersection of two disciplines will be examined in the perspective of architecture; a stumper and interrogative start for pursuit of architectural forms of the present day with the transformation of auditory forms to visual forms will be made; and a basis will be provided to be able to discuss the innovations that the spaces, structures and auditory experiences which can be formed by obtaining musical codes bring.

The Evolution of Architectural Morphogenesis at the Beginning of XXI Century in the Context of Scientific Advances

Innovative spatial forms arise and develop at an intersection of science and art, engineering and architecture. Various geometric structures with different types of symmetry are studied by mathematicians, engineers and architects. Computer simulation reveals a new range of geometric shapes as well as various types of partitioning and filling of two-dimensional surface and three-dimensional space. For the engineering and architectural theory it is important to study fundamental mechanisms of form shaping and the form itself in the context of conceptual evidence of modern interdisciplinary studies. This is necessary for the further development of the creative potential of architecture and engineering.

Arhitektonski hibridi na kaleidoskopskoj fotografiji

This paper focuses on the topic that is somehow a crossroad between two fields: photography and architectural morphogenesis. The particular interest of the article is contemporary photographic tendency to explore the kaleidoscopic technique and aesthetics in relation to the architectural objects and urban environment. Paradoxically these are the photographers who investigate this special type of morphogenesis of architectural form. However some of them are architects originally. Giving attention to the historical and evolutional aspects of the kaleidoscopic image in 19th century and kaleidoscopic photographic practices of American artist Alvin Langdon Coburn and his followers in 20th and 21th centuries the paper aims to analyze the potential of photography in developing the architectural form by examples of projects of Mattia Mognetti, Borbála Sütő-Nagy, Cory Stevens, Stéphane Laniray, Panos Papanagiotou, Andrey Chegin, Mohammad Domiri and those photographers who were inspired by camera work from the movie "Inception"-Ben Thomas, Kazuhiko Kawahara, Simon Gardiner, Nickolas Kennedy Sitton.

Simple Systems - Complex Capacities. Integrative Processes of Computational Morphogenesis in Architecture

The complexity of the cultural, social, economical and particularly ecological context in which architecture is practised today necessitates design strategies and tactics that achieve a high level of integration of seemingly opposed demands and criteria within the material and construction systems we design. One possibility of unfolding novel synergies in such extreme conditions is to utilize the capacity of computers in the design process in an alternative way, one that foregrounds and instrumentalizes the innate capacities of materials, manufacturing and construction processes rather than merely elaborating form in the digital realm. The computational approach that will be presented here questions the nature of current design processes, but it is not a call for the replacement of the architect by computer driven design. Rather, under this approach, architects, instead of creating exuberant shapes subsequently rationalised for constructability and superimposed functions, are able to define specific material and construction systems by the combined logics of formation and materialisation encoded in generative processes of computational morphogenesis.

Towards Morphogenesis in Architecture

Procedural, parametric and generative computer-supported techniques in combination with mass customization and automated fabrication enable holistic manipulation in silico and the subsequent production of increasingly complex architectural arrangements. By automating parts of the design process, computers make it easier to develop designs through versioning and gradual adjustment. In recent architectural discourse, these approaches to designing have been described as morphogenesis. This paper invites further reflection on the possible meanings of this imported concept in the field of architectural designing. It contributes by comparing computational modelling of morphogenesis in plant science with techniques in architectural designing. Deriving examples from case-studies, the paper suggests potentials for collaboration and opportunities for bi-directional knowledge transfers.