Archaeological Program Research Articles

Dolores Archaeological Program: Synthetic Report 1978-1981. David A. Breternitz with contributions by W. Lipe, T. Kohler, A. Kane, J. Bloom, C. Robinson, T. Gross, J. Hathaway, J. Eighmy, P. Burns, R. Huggins, J. Weymouth, S. Schlanger, R. Bye, R. Shuster, M. Floyd, S. Travis, E. Blinman, R. Vierra, C. Phagan, C. Orth, J. Montgomery, C. Breternitz, J. Southward, M. Matthews,

Dolores Archaeological Program: Synthetic Report 1978-1981. David A. Breternitz with contributions by W. Lipe, T. Kohler, A. Kane, J. Bloom, C. Robinson, T. Gross, J. Hathaway, J. Eighmy, P. Burns, R. Huggins, J. Weymouth, S. Schlanger, R. Bye, R. Shuster, M. Floyd, S. Travis, E. Blinman, R. Vierra, C. Phagan, C. Orth, J. Montgomery, C. Breternitz, J. Southward, M. Matthews,

The Relationship Between Abandonment Mode and Ritual Use in Pueblo I Anasazi Protokivas

Data from 44 pit-structures excavated as a part of the Dolores Archaeological Program are used to test two hypotheses about the relationship between the ritual use of a structure and the manner in which that structure was abandoned. The pit structures all date to 860–900 A.C. and are associated with large Pueblo villages located along the Dolores River in what is now SW Colorado. Three basic levels of ritual use have been defined for these structures based on the number and type of features associated with the structures. Those structures with evidence of the most important ritual usage are significantly associated with a mode of abandonment in which the structure was purposefully burned down. Those having ritual features that appear to be of secondary importance are significantly associated with an abandonment mode in which the roof of the pit-structure was intentionally collapsed to bury human individuals on the structure's floor. It is more difficult to characterize the abandonment mode of structures which represent the simplest level of ritual use, though it is most common to have a simple abandonment in which the roof simply deteriorated and collapsed with time. The recognition of a probable hierarchy of ritual usage in early Pueblo pit-structures and the association of special abandonment modes with each type of ritual pit-structure specifically allow a better glimpse of ritual activities in early Pueblo societies. In a more general sense these data show that it is possible to archaeologically detect patterned associations between a structure's use and its mode of abandonment.

Recent Excavations at Midipadi Butte

An archaeological data recovery program was conducted at 32DU2, the Midipadi Butte site, in eastern Dunn County, North Dakota, for the Omaha District, Corps of Engineers. At least two distinct cult...

Anthropological Observations on Science in the North: The Role of the Scientist in Human Development in the Northwest Territories

The social context of research provides the background for assessing present and potential roles scientists may play in the Northwest Territories. This context includes diverse cultural and interest groups and an ever-quickening pace of social change. Increasing scholarly and ethical demands are being placed on the scientific community for academic accountability, public participation, education, and cross-cultural exchange of knowledge. These demands affect us, our disciplines, and our ability to carry on research. The Northern Cultural Heritage Project, an applied anthropology and archaeology program, serves as a case study illustrating the integration of research with the northern social context. Additional potential roles for researchers are discussed, including increasing information return, education through exposure to field science work, research ethics and social context awareness for novice professionals, and policy participation. It is concluded that the contemporary social context of the north has practical and perhaps theoretical implications for the conduct of science. Key words: anthropology, heritage, education, method, theory, policy, human resources, social context

Mozambican archaeology: past and present

After a brief survey of the development of archaeology in Mozambique, the results of the archaeological survey programme of 1976–1983 are summarized by region. Work currently in progress is evaluated in the light of archaeological and national priorities and the paper concludes with a discussion of the theoretical approach best suited to Mozambican conditions.

Preliminary modification of the southwest virtual geomagnetic pole path AD 700 to ad 900: Dolores archaeological program results

Abstract Recent analysis of archaeomagnetic data from the Dolores Archaeological Program, Southwest Colorado, U.S.A., has provided 36 virtual geomagnetic pole positions which provide the basis for an initial modification of the AD 700 to AD 900 portion of the Southwest United States master curve of virtual geomagnetic pole positions developed by Robert L. DuBois.

Classic Maya canoes

International Journal of Nautical ArchaeologyVolume 10, Issue 3 p. 173-185 Classic Maya canoes Norman Hammond, Norman Hammond Archaeology Program, Rutgers University, New Jersey 08903, USASearch for more papers by this author Norman Hammond, Norman Hammond Archaeology Program, Rutgers University, New Jersey 08903, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: August 1981 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1981.tb00028.xCitations: 4AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume10, Issue3August 1981Pages 173-185 RelatedInformation

Ecology and Economy of a Formative Maya Site at Cuello, Belize

The early lowland Maya site of Cuello, Belize, has a ceramic and stratigraphic sequence extending back through the Early Formative, which radiocarbon dating indicates begins by at least 2000 b.c./2500 B.C. The environmental archaeology program of the Cuello Project has identified a number of local econiches, and flotation of carbonized plant remains has documented the exploitation of these throughout the site sequence.The ubiquitous presence of maize from the earliest levels is accompanied by a number of other seed, tree, and perhaps root crops, including many common Mesoamerican comestibles here seen adapted to a humid tropical lowland environment. Cacao and cotton are among economically important crops identified by the Late Formative (400 b.c.–250 A.C.). Preliminary settlement-survey data suggest that population at Cuello rose rapidly in the Late Formative period, coeval with the emergence of Maya civilization.

Balloon Survey Field Season, 1977

The Projects in Field Archaeology program of Michigan State University in 1977 conducted five missions in Greece and Italy to provide low-altitude aerial imagery at Archaeological sites. Sites in the Cycladic Islands include those on Melos, Kea, and Paros; in the Peloponnese, the Sanctuary of Zeus at Nemea; and in Italy, the Roman Villa of Oplontis at Torre Annunziata. A newly designed pressurized aerodynamic kite-balloon proved a marked improvement over models used in Mediterranean research on earlier missions. A discussion of the pioneer balloon work of P. L. O. Guy in 1930 furnishes an introduction to the report.

The Daima Sequence and the Prehistoric Chronology of the Lake Chad Region of Nigeria

An intensive archaeological field research programme conducted between 1963 and 1969 in the Lake Chad region of Nigeria has established the outlines of a prehistoric chronological sequence for the area. The excavations at Daima form the key to this sequence which also includes excavated evidence from Bornu 38, Kursakata, Shilma, Yau, Ajere and Birnin Gazargamo together with surface information from 70 other sites. Twenty radiocarbon dates indicate settlement of the area from the end of the second millennium B.C. (or the last quarter of the second millennium if the dates are corrected to calendar years) to the sixteenth or seventeenth century A.D. Evidence of occupation earlier than the second millennium B.C. may have to be sought in the highlands south of the lake area.In the firki clay plains, south of the lake, it may be possible to trace the evolution of a Late Stone Age pastoralist economy into an Iron Age cereal cultivator economy. In the undulating sandy country, west of the lake, village settlements focused around the Yobe River seem to have developed, in response to external stimulus, the urban civilization which historical sources indicate at Birnin Gazargamo by the sixteenth century A.D. The contrasting environments designated ‘Firki’ and ‘Yobe’ had an important influence on the character of human settlement indicated by the archaeological evidence.It is suggested that the prehistory of this region merits far greater attention than it has yet received and that the presence in this area of settlement mounds, with substantial depths of deposit, offers a wonderful opportunity for large-scale excavation programmes. Further surface investigations would also be justified, however, as the writer suspects that more prehistoric sites remain to be located in the area.

State Support for Archaeological Research Programs in the Early 1970s

Data provided by 42 COPA (Committee on Public Archeology) representatives are provided as a synthesis of current status of state support for archaeological research programs. Trends indicative of increasing support are documented. Eight states have not been updated.

Early Archaic Projectile Points and Hunting Patterns in the Lower Illinois Valley. Kubet Luchterhand. Illinois State Museum Reports of Investigations, No. 19, and Illinois Valley Archaeological Program, Research Papers, Vol. 3, and Illinois Archaeological Survey, Monograph 2, Springfield, 1970. xv + 67 pp., 3 appendices. $3.50.

Early Archaic Projectile Points and Hunting Patterns in the Lower Illinois Valley. Kubet Luchterhand. Illinois State Museum Reports of Investigations, No. 19, and Illinois Valley Archaeological Program, Research Papers, Vol. 3, and Illinois Archaeological Survey, Monograph 2, Springfield, 1970. xv + 67 pp., 3 appendices. $3.50. - Volume 37 Issue 4

Early Vegetation of the Lower Illinois Valley. April Allison Zawacki and Glen Hausfater. Reports of Investigations Number 17, Illinois State Museum. Research Papers, Volume 1, Illinois Valley Archaeological Program, Springfield, Illinois. State of Illinois, 1969. vii + 67 pp., 5 figs., 32 tables. $2.50

Early Vegetation of the Lower Illinois Valley. April Allison Zawacki and Glen Hausfater. Reports of Investigations Number 17, Illinois State Museum. Research Papers, Volume 1, Illinois Valley Archaeological Program, Springfield, Illinois. State of Illinois, 1969. vii + 67 pp., 5 figs., 32 tables. $2.50 - Volume 36 Issue 2

Habitation and Field Houses Near Winona and Angell, Arizona

ABSTRACTOne habitation unit, two field houses, and one sherd area were excavated as part of the highway archaeological salvage program for construction of Interstate 40. The habitation unit is unusual for its time period (A.D. 1075–1100) in being a circular above-ground masonry structure. All excavated sites date ceramically from A.D. 1070 to 1100, although two later structures were found nearby. Observations are made regarding the surface finishing of Sunset Red pottery.

Prehistoric Burials Near Young, Arizona

ABSTRACTIn the fall of 1965 eleven prehistoric burials were uncovered by roadgrading operations on Arizona State Route 288 near the town of Young. These burials were excavated by the Arizona State Museum in conjunction with the State Highway Salvage Archaeology Program. On the basis of ceramics the burials were found to date between A.D. 1250 and 1385.

The Late Paleolithic of Northeast Africa in the Light of Recent Research

N THE past decade a considerable amount of new research in the Paleolithic range of prehistory has been accomplished in Northeast Africa, and particularly in the lower Nile Valley of Upper Egypt, Nubia, and Northern Sudan as a result of the salvage archeology program brought about by the construction of the High Dam at Aswan. This recent surge of interest stands in marked contrast to the situation in the previous few decades when serious field work in the Nile Valley had nearly ceased as far as the Paleolithic was concerned.

Horizon and Tradition in the Northern Plains

AbstractOrganization of the great mass of data accumulated during the salvage archaeology program in the Missouri River Basin poses a number of problems. One of the most fundamental is the choice of a satisfactory taxonomic system. The version of the Midwestern taxonomic system which has been used so far in the area has a number of shortcomings. In order to avoid some of them, data from the Missouri Valley in the Dakotas are organized here in terms of the Willey and Phillips system of "archaeological unit concepts." The classification which has emerged seems to have considerable merit; the application of the system itself to a particular archaeological situation has also suggested some modification of the categories which Willey and Phillips proposed.

Administration of Contract Emergency Archaeological Programs

AbstractContract emergency research is seen as sharing essentially the same limitations as other emergency work. These are: the pressure of time; an arbitrary restriction of geographic area of study; the obligation to sample adequately the full range of cultures represented; and the possible problem of dealing with a large volume of data. The contract also carries with it a stipulated deadline for the completion of an acceptable report. All of these limitations are seen as advantageous.

Problems of Urban Archaeology

AbstractA brief review of the rise of interest in historic sites preservation and of the use of archaeological techniques in this field, is followed by a discussion of the recent phenomenon of urban renewal as it applies to an increasing necessity for archaeological work in urban areas. Experience gained in the archaeological program at Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, provides the basis for a discussion of some of the specific problems encountered in urban sites: excavation costs, problems of public relations, the necessity for special equipment and specialized artisans, and the archeologists' training.

Point of Pines Phase Sequence and Utility Pottery Type Revisions

The University of Arizona Archaeological Field School under the joint auspices of the Arizona State Museum and the Department of Anthropology has been in operation for over 10 years. During the course of this longterm archaeological program several reports concerning Point of Pines archaeology have appeared. As a result of work since the publication of these reports, certain changes are justified in the phase sequence and in the terminology as it applies to textured pottery types. Making these changes known in abbreviated form reflects the current status of these 2 subjects. The changes and the resulting implications will be considered in detail in dissertations being prepared individually by the authors.