ArcGIS Geodatabase Research Articles

A SPATIAL DATABASE MODEL FOR MOBILITY MANAGEMENT

Abstract. In urban and metropolitan context, Traffic Operations Centres (TOCs) use technologies as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) to tackling urban mobility issue. Usually in TOCs, various isolated systems are maintained in parallel (stored in different databases), and data comes from different sources: a challenge in transport management is to transfer disparate data into a unified data management system that preserves access to legacy data, allowing multi-thematic analysis. This need of integration between systems is important for a wise policy decision.This study aims to design a comprehensive and general spatial data model that could allow the integration and visualization of traffic components and measures. The activity is focused on the case study of 5T Agency in Turin, a TOC that manages traffic regulation, public transit fleets and information to users, in the metropolitan area of Turin and Piedmont Region.The idea is not to replace the existing implemented and efficient system, but to built-up on these systems a GIS that overpass the different software and DBMS platforms and that can demonstrate how a spatial and horizontal vision in tackling urban mobility issues may be useful for policy and strategies decisions. The modelling activity take reference from a review of transport standards and results in database general schema, which can be reused by other TOCs in their activities, helping the integration and coordination between different TOCs. The final output of the research is an ArcGIS geodatabase, which enable the customised representation of private traffic elements and measures.

ПОБУДОВА ГІС-ІНТЕГРОВАНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ДАНИХ ТА МОДЕЛЕЙ НА ОСНОВІ XML-ФОРМАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЛЯ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ У РІЧКАХ

The paper presents the conducted analysis of the known formats for formalization of mathematical models and spatial formats which are relevant for processing data and models occurring in rivers, namely, PMML, MathML, SBML, GML, WaterML, according to the system of the following criteria:availability of repositories of the already identified models, integration with programming languages, availability of specific tags for working with spatial data, availability of environments for automated formalization and import/export of XML models. An integral criterion is proposed. Examples of using this criteria system for selection of the optimal XML format for storing data and models are presented for different weights of certain criteria and conditions: if availability of geo-reference is the main criterion, Water ML will the optimal XML language, if it is the possibility to formalize any analytical models, especially hydro-biological ones, then SBML will be the optimal choice and if automation of artificial intelligence algorithms is required, then PMML should be chosen. The following known technologies for storing attributive and spatial data of GIS for their automated processing are characterized: KML, Shapefile, GPX, GeoJSON, SXF, ArcGIS geo-data base, Spatialite (SQLite), MapInfo TAB format. It is noted that by the criterion of the number of references with the word “map” found by Google search system such formats as KML (22 million), GPX (20 million) and Shapefile (11,5 million) are the most popular in the world. GIS integrated system of data and models based on XML formalization is proposed for the first time and its operability is illustrated by the example of predicting average annual water consumption over a multiyear period for 50 % provision in the Dniester river basin in KNIME Analytics Platform environment. The obtained results make it possible to provide fast construction, versatility and broad functional of GIS-integrated system of data and models.

Three-Dimensional Spatial Information Systems: State of the Art Review

A spatial information system (SIS) is critical to the hosting, querying, and analyzing of spatial data sets. The increasing availability of three-dimensional (3D) data (e.g. from aerial and terrestrial laser scanning) and the desire to use such data in large geo-spatial platforms have been dual drivers in the evolution of integrated SISs. Within this context, recent patents demonstrate efforts to handle large data sets, especially complex point clouds. While the development of feature-rich geo-systems has been well documented, the implementation of support for 3D capabilities is only now being addressed. This paper documents the underlying technologies implemented for the support for 3D features in SISs. Examples include ESRI's ArcGIS geo-database with its support for two-and-a-half dimensions (2.5D) in its Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Triangular Irregular Network (TIN), the more recent development of the Terrain feature class, and support for 3D objects and buildings with its multi-patch feature class. Recent patents and research advances aim to extract DEMs and TINs automatically from point cloud data. In this context, various data structuring innovations are presented including both commercial and open source alternatives.