Aqueous Solutions Of Gibberellic Acid Research Articles

Effects of Gibberellic acid (GA3) on shelf life and physiochemical properties of mango (Mangifera indica L. var Bombay green)

The present study investigated the effect of GA3 on the physicochemical properties and shelf life of mango (Mangifera indica L. var. Bombay green) from 31st May 2022 to 8th June 2022 at the Central Laboratory of GPCAR collage Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal. The study's goal was to find the right gibberellic acid concentration to use in mangoes that were collected at a mature stage to delay fruit ripening, preserve quality, and lengthen shelf life. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. Mature freshly harvested mango fruits of uniform size were dipped into an aqueous solution of gibberellic acid at 0 ppm (T1), 100 ppm (T2), 200 ppm (T3), 300 ppm (T4) and 400 ppm (T5) for 10 minutes. Data on physicochemical parameters (mango pulp pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, physiological weight loss, and shelf life) were statistically analyzed through biochemical analyses. Further, fruits treated with 400 ppm of GA3; resulted in the lowest physiological loss in weight (22.08%), the minimum pulp pH (5.02), and the minimum titratable acidity (0.14%) on the 8th day after storage. The highest total soluble solid (19.85°B) was recorded with GA3 @400ppm, while the lowest soluble solids (16.90°B) were recorded with control ppm on the 8th day after storage. Fruits treated with GA3 at 400 ppm had the longest shelf life (7.17 days), while fruits treated with GA at 300 ppm had the shortest shelf life (7.19 days). Therefore, the best results were obtained when gibberellic acid was applied at 400 ppm, which extended the shelf life and physiochemical traits of mango fruits.

Superação de dormência de sementes de Myrciaria glomerata O. Berg

Abstract Myrciaria glomerata O. Berg. (Myrtaceae) is a fruit tree native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with potential for use as food and medicine, besides having good ecological potential. However, this species is limited by low germination rates. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate different methods to overcome dormancy in seeds of M. glomerata and to improve seedling vigor. For this, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, seven treatments were tested: a control treatment, immersion in water at 100 ºC for 30 seconds, immersion in concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 1 and 5 minutes, immersion in an aqueous solution of gibberellic acid (GA3) at the concentrations of 250 and 500 mg L-1 for 24 h, and seeds homogenized with an aqueous solution of Stimulate® at a concentration of 5 mL kg-1 seed. In Experiment 2, six doses of Stimulate® were tested: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mL kg-1 seed. The immersion of seeds in 250 and 500 mg L-1 GA3 contributes to increase germination rates, seed length, fresh mass, and dry mass compared to the control and the other methods tested. Immersions in water at 100 ºC and in H2SO4 are not recommended for M. glomerata. The treatment with Stimulate® at 15–25 mL kg-1 seed increased all characteristics analyzed. Immersion in 250 mg L-1 GA3 and Stimu-late® at 20–25 mL kg-1 seed efficiently stimulated seeds to overcome dormancy in M. glomerata, as well as improved seedling vigor.

Promoting seedling growth in Kagzi lime through pre-sowing treatments

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of gibberellic acid on seedling growth in Kagzi lime at Regional Horticultural Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during the year 2016-17. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept with sixteen treatments and three repetitions. Freshly extracted kagzi lime seeds (S1) and those stored for 15 days (S2) were soaked for 12 hours (D1) and 24 hours (D2) in aqueous solution of gibberellic acid at different concentrations i.e. 200 ppm (G1), 300 ppm (G2), 400 ppm (G3) and 500 ppm (G4). Freshly extracted kagzi lime seeds had significantly higher leaf area, total chlorophyll content, tap root length, tap root diameter, shoot dry weight and total dry weight. For all above mentioned characters, a soaking duration of 12 hours proved significantly better over 24 hours. GA3 at 500 ppm recorded significantly the highest leaf area, total chlorophyll content and tap root diameter. Further, for tap root length, shoot dry weight and total dry weight, significantly highest values were recorded under 400 ppm GA3 treatment. Shoot root dry weight ratio was significantly lower in case of freshly extracted seeds, GA3 at 200 ppm and a soaking duration of 12 hours when taken as separate factors. The interaction effect between storage treatments, different concentrations of GA3 and soaking duration was found non-significant for all parameters chosen in this study.

Responses of seed priming with gibberellic acid on yield and oil quality of sunflower(Helianthus annusL.)

Surface sterilized seeds sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) were soaked in 0, 10−7, 10−5 and 10−3M aqueous solution of gibberellic acid (GA) for 4, 8, 12 and 16 hours (h) and sown in pots filled with 5 kg homogenous mixture of soil and farmyard manure in the ratio of 4:1. The plants were sampled at harvest for analysis of head diameter, seeds per head, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index (HI), oil content and oil yield per plant, acid value, iodine value and saponification value at harvest. All attributes were found to be significantly enhanced by the GA seed priming with maximum stimulation followed by a 8 h soaking treatment with 10−5MGA. Moreover, the most of the attributes were stimulated by 70%, 123.49%, 44.76%, 41.38% and 14.93%, 63.34%, 111.76% and 1.64% over the control except the 1000-seed weight, biological yield per plant and iodine value.

Quebra de dormência de sementes da videira cv. niágara rosada sem estratificação

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito de três fatores na germinação de sementes de uva cv. niágara rosada: tratamentos físicos, tratamentos químicos e ambientes de germinação. Os tratamentos físicos consistiram de sementes com corte transversal na região mediana e de sementes com corte na micrópila. Os tratamentos químicos foram aplicados mediante imersão das sementes inteiras em solução aquosa de ácido giberélico (GA3) nas concentrações de 0 e 4000 mg L-1. Os ambientes avaliados foram in vitro e ex vitro. O experimento foi um fatorial do tipo 2 x 2 x 2 no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo a parcela experimental constituída de um Gerbox®, contendo 25 sementes ou uma grade com 25 tubos de ensaio. Os parâmetros avaliados foram porcentagem e velocidade de germinação das sementes. Os resultados indicaram que o corte das sementes é imprescindível à germinação de sementes não estratificadas. A combinação entre cortes na micrópila, 4000 mg L-1 de GA3 e ambiente in vitro, proporcionou a germinação de 77% das sementes, sendo o ambiente in vitro significativamente superior ao ex vitro.

Responses of Nigella sativa to foliar application of gibberellic acid and kinetin

Foliar sprays of water or 1, 10 and 100 µM aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid (GA3) or kinetin (KIN) were applied to 40-d-old plants of Nigella sativa (L.) to study their effects on net photosynthetic rate, nitrogen metabolism, and the seed yield. 10 µM solutions of both the hormones, especially GA3, appreciably increased the activities of nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase, chlorophyll and total protein contents and net photosynthetic rate in the leaves, along with capsule number and seed yield plant−1, at harvest.

Comparison of the effects of mechanical scarification and gibberellic acid treatments on seed germination in Pterocarpus angolensis

Pterocarpus angolensis is a savanna tree species growing mostly in the miombo and undifferentiated woodlands found in the southern and central parts of Africa. Exploitation for its medicinal and commercial uses has led to a diminishing of wild populations. Artificial propagation, domestication and exploitation in a sustainable manner depend on detailed knowledge on germination of the seeds. The effects of eight potential dormancy-breaking treatments, compared with no treatment, on promoting the germination of P. angolensis seeds were examined. Five seed provenances were used, namely Mufulira and Chati from Zambia, and Gokwe, Matopos and Mtao from Zimbabwe. Seeds were treated by nicking to remove a small piece of seed coat near to the radical, soaking in cold water or an aqueous solution of gibberellic acid (GA3 at 10, 50, 100 or 1 000ppm; GA4/7 at 10 or 1 000ppm). Treatments with gibberellic acids, regardless of the concentration, had little effect on germination rates when compared with the control seeds...

Effect of growth regulators on postharvest characteristics of Zantedeschia aethiopica

Abstract Treating cut leaves of Zantedeschia aethiopica with aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) considerably extended their display life, whether applied as a 24 h pulse treatment, or as a brief postharvest dip. In contrast, a standard preservative solution used to prolong the longevity of cut flowers (8-HQC+sucrose) was deleterious to Zantedeschia foliage, reducing display life several fold from that of the water control. After harvest, chlorophyll content of the leaves fell more or less rapidly depending on the postharvest treatment, falling most rapidly in leaves placed in the ‘preservative’ solution and relatively gradually in leaves that had been treated with GA 3 . Leaf senescence was also associated with changes in characteristics of the cell sap, namely increased pH and electrical conductivity, parameters that may be a useful and rapid means of determining the senescence status of cut flowers during marketing.

Responsiveness of Three Tayota (Sechium edule) Types to Gibberellic Acid Treatment

Container experiments were conducted in the Dominican Republic to determine the effects of gibberellic acid applications on the `White', `Green', and `Spiny Green' tayota (Sechium edule) Dominican types. Young plants (25 cm in length) of the three types were sprayed with aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid at rates 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 parts per million. A completely randomized design with seven replications was utilized. Plant height and shoot dry weight were determined 30 days after treatment and resulting data was subjected to analysis of variance and regression analysis. Gibberellic acid treatment significantly increased tayota shoot dry weight and stem elongation. Both variables responded with similar patterns to gibberellic acid application. A linear regression (Y = 39.82 + 0.214 X, r2 0.95) described stem elongation as a function of gibberellic acid rates. Results show that gibberellic acid can be effectively used in either tayota type to promote early stem elongation. From a practical standpoint, due to the climbing nature of Sechium edulis, rapid stem elongation could be instrumental in a more rapid establishment of the crop vines in the trellis system, as well as to provide the crop with an advantage on weeds competing for light during the usually critical early growth stages.

Allogibberic acid: An inhibitor of flowering in Lemna perpusilla

Allogibberic acid (I) has been identified as the compound responsible for the inhibition of flowering, increase in frond multiplication rate and decrease in frond size produced in Lemna perpusilla 6746 by autoclaved, unbuffered aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid (VII). 13-Deoxyallogibberic acid (IV), a product of autoclaving aq. GA 7 (VIII) solutions, also inhibits flowering in L. perpusilla and is about 10 times more active than allogibberic acid.

Decomposition of aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid on autoclaving

A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the decomposition of unbuffered and buffered (pH 3–8) aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid (GA 3) on autoclaving is recorded. The identified products, which vary in composition with pH, are iso-GA 3 (II), iso-GA 3 hydroxy acid (III), gibberellenic acid (IV), allogibberic acid (V), epiallogibbe detected after autoclaving in all cases. The identified products, in all cases, account for not less than 95% of the decomposition product, Dehydroallogibberic acid has not previously been recorded as an aqueous decomposition product of GA 3 and its biological activity in the lettuce hypocotyl test is recorded.

Acceleration and Delay of Ripening in Banana Fruit Tissue by Gibberellic Acid

Dipping of whole banana fruit in aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid (GAs) at concentrations of 10-L 10-2M delays ripening. In contrast, treatment of banana fruit slices by vacuum infiltration with GA3 at concentrations ranging from 10-6 to 10-2M accelerates ripening. These contrasting effects appear to be related to the differences in distribution of GA3 in the tissue, resulting from the two methods of treatment.

Effects of Gibberellic Acid on the Fixed Oils of Four Plants

The influence of gibberellic acid on the quality of fixed oils from four plants has been studied. Sesame, castor bean, sunflower, and flax plants were treated with aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid when the plants reached blooming size and at 2-week intervals until harvest. The iodine values and the quantity of unsaponifiable matter varied between samples and between oils from different species of plants. Significant variations from normal were produced in castor and sesame oils. The differences consisted of higher saponification values in both oils and a lower acid value in the latter. A higher saponification value indicating shorter chain fatty acids was the only characteristic common to all oils from treated plants. Some of the changes obtained were from plants that had insignificant or no visible morphological differences. The influence of gibberellic acid on the quality of fixed oils from four plants has been studied. Sesame, castor bean, sunflower, and flax plants were treated with aqueous solutions of gibberellic acid when the plants reached blooming size and at 2-week intervals until harvest. The iodine values and the quantity of unsaponifiable matter varied between samples and between oils from different species of plants. Significant variations from normal were produced in castor and sesame oils. The differences consisted of higher saponification values in both oils and a lower acid value in the latter. A higher saponification value indicating shorter chain fatty acids was the only characteristic common to all oils from treated plants. Some of the changes obtained were from plants that had insignificant or no visible morphological differences.

EFFECTS OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON THE ANATOMY OF SOYBEANS (GLYCINE MAX)

Apical organization and the ontogeny of leaves of the ‘Hawkeye’ variety of soybean plants were examined. The initial region of the shoot apex consisted of a corpus and a 2‐layered tunica. Cells of the inner tunica layer were responsible for the initiation and development of leaves and stipules which were not significantly affected by foliar applications of a 50 mg/liter aqueous solution of gibberellic acid (GA). Initiation of leaves and stipules was simultaneous, but the early growth of the latter was more rapid. At the sixth or seventh node, the growth of the leaf primordia surpassed that of the stipules. There was meristematic activity in the stipular primordia to about the fifth node after which growth continued by cell enlargement. Stipels were initiated in the subepidermal layer of cells of the fourth leaf primordium, and development was completed at the eighth or ninth node. Gibberellic acid did not affect the size or shape of the stipels. Chlorosis of leaves and a reduction in size of the leaflets was apparent in GA‐treated plants. Terminal leaflets of treated plants had a slightly thinner lamina, smaller cells in the palisade layer and a greater amount of intercellular space. Increased cell elongation caused an early elongation of the internodes of the treated plants. Reduction of cell diameter resulted in a reduction in diameter of stems in GA‐treated plants. In response to GA, more lignified xylem parenchyma was produced, and partial collapse of relatively thin‐walled vessel elements and tracheids occurred. The extension of axillary shoots of GA‐treated plants was delayed temporarily, but once their extension began, they quickly surpassed the growth of the axillary shoots of untreated plants. Cell elongation was a major factor in the rapid extension of axillary shoots of treated plants. Anthesis was delayed and the number of pods per plant reduced in treated plants grown in long days. Only axillary flowers developed on treated and untreated plants grown in long days; however, the shoot apex of treated and untreated plants became floral in short days. The transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase was delayed in treated plants.