Aqueous Gelatin Solution Research Articles

Development of gelatin nanoparticles for positron emission tomography diagnosis in pancreatic cancer

Abstract Pancreatic cancer remains difficult to diagnose using currently available imaging probes. Thus, this study aimed to develop a novel imaging agent for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using positron emission tomography (PET). Specifically, this study explores gelatin-based nanoparticles fabricated via radiation-induced crosslinking, as gelatin is known for its ability to produce biocompatible materials. Aqueous gelatin solutions were irradiated with γ-rays to produce nanoparticles with average diameters of 5–20 nm via a radiation crosslinking technique. The gelatin nanoparticles were labeled with 64Cu, exhibiting negative surface potentials. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were evaluated in vivo by injecting them into pancreatic tumor-bearing mice. Notably, the nanoparticles accumulated in the tumors. Hence, 64Cu-labeled gelatin nanoparticles show promise as a platform for next-generation PET imaging agents for pancreatic cancer.

Effect of Microsphere Concentration on Catechin Release from Microneedle Arrays.

In this work, microspheres were developed by cross-linking glutaraldehyde in an aqueous gelatin solution with a surfactant and solvent. A poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution was produced and combined with catechin-loaded microspheres. Different microsphere concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) were applied to the PVA microneedles. The moisture content, particle size, swelling, and drug release percentage of microneedles were studied using various microsphere concentrations. Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations validated the structure of gelatin microspheres as well as their decoration in microneedles. The SEM scans revealed that spherical microspheres with a wrinkled and folded morphology were created, with no physical holes visible on the surface. The gelatin microspheres generated had a mean particle size of 20-30 μm. Ex vivo release analysis indicated that microneedles containing 10% microspheres released the most catechin, with 42.9% at 12 h and 84.4% at 24 h.

Enhancing the supercapacitive performance of a carbon-based electrode through a balanced strategy for porous structure, graphitization degree and N,B co-doping

Regarding carbon-based electrodes, simultaneously establishing a well-defined meso-porous architecture, introducing abundant hetero-atoms and improving the graphitization degree can effectively enhance their capacitive performance. However, it remains a significant challenge to achieve a good balance between defects and graphitization degree. In this study, the porous structure and composition of carbon materials are co-optimised through a ‘dual-function’ strategy. Briefly, K3Fe(C2O4)3 and H3BO3 were hybridised with a gelatin aqueous solution to form a homogeneous composite hydrogel, followed by lyophilisation and carbonisation. Owing to the dual functionality of raw materials, the graphitization, activation and hetero-atom doping processes can occur simultaneously during a one-step high-temperature treatment. The resultant carbon material exhibits a high graphitization degree (ID/IG = 0.9 ± 0.1), high hetero-atom content (N: 9.0 ± 0.3 at.%, B: 6.9 ± 0.5 at.%) and a large specific area (1754 ± 58 m2/g). The as-prepared electrode demonstrates a superior capacitance of 383 ± 1F g−1 at 1 A/g. Interestingly, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves exhibit a distinctive pair of broad redox peaks, which is uncommon in KOH electrolyte. Experiment data and density functional theory (DFT) simulation verify that N-5, B co-doping enhances the activity of the faradic reaction of carbon electrodes in KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the fabricated Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHSC) based on this carbon electrode delivers a high-energy density of 140.7 W h kg−1 at a power density of 840 W kg−1.

Laser lithotripsy for pancreatic duct stones

Aim. To confirm the possibility of minimally-invasive laser procedure for fragmentation of stones in the pancreatic duct following the results of laboratory experiments and medical practice. Materials and methods. A fully functional hardware complex consisting of a pulsed laser unit, video endoscopic system and cooling system was created for experimental stone fragmentation in laboratory. The experiments involved microscopic video registration of the fragmentation process, pressure and temperature measurement in the stone area. Pancreatic stones, human and artificial gallstones as well as porcine pancreas were used in the experiments; the gastrointestinal tract was made of silicone, the pancreas was made of gelatin aqueous solution jelly. In clinical practice, a patient with lithiasis of Wirsung's duct was assigned to ultrasound and CT, then endoscopic papillosphincterotomy, endoscopic pancreatoscopy, laser lithotripsy and lithoextraction, pancreatic duct stenting. The procedures involved a laser unit, videoduodenoscope, catheter and their video systems. Results. The laboratory experiments established that effective and safe laser fragmentation of stones from 4 × 7 mm into 0.1–2 mm occurs in the flowing fluid in front of the stone at 1 μs laser pulse duration, 5–15 Hz frequency and 120–150 mJ laser energy. After laser fragmentation of the stone in a patient with virsungolithiasis and removal of fragments from the duct, the patient was discharged from the hospital on the 12th day due to improvement of healthcondition. Conclusion. The possibility of minimally-invasive fragmentation of stones in the pancreatic duct by laser lithotripsy has been proved.

IMPLICATIONS OF STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ALGINATE DIALDEHYDE AND ITS HYDROGELS

AbstractA review of recent literature reveals a spurt in the publications using alginate dialdehyde (ADA)‐based hydrogels. This study evaluates the stability and characteristics of ADA solutions stored at different temperatures (4 & −20 °C; designated as ADA4°C & ADA−20°C) and durations (1, 3, and 6 months), and gives valuable insights into the shelf life, a parameter important in a clinical setting. ADA solutions were characterized for their viscosity, aldehyde content, molecular weight, and chemical structure before and after storage. The solution viscosities of ADA4°C showed a decreasing trend over 6 months while that of ADA‐20°C showed an increase. Compared to freshly prepared ADA, a significant reduction in aldehyde content, from 40.1±1.4 % to 37.1±1.01 %, was observed for ADA4°C stored for 6 months, but the aldehyde content was stable for ADA−20°C stored for the same period. Molecular weight remained stable (~6800 g/mol) irrespective of the storage temperatures. Injectable hydrogels were prepared by reacting the stored ADA solutions with 20 % aqueous solutions of gelatin. Hydrogels prepared with ADA stored at 4 °C for 6 months showed a significant increase in gelation time from 4.3±1.5 to 8.79±0.1 min and a decrease in degree of crosslinking from 54.3±1.4 % to 29.2±2.3 %. A decreasing trend was observed for properties such as water uptake (from 470 to 961 %) and tensile strength (from 348 to 282 kPa). Hydrogels made with ADA−20°C demonstrated better retention of physicochemical properties over time. In vitro studies revealed that the hydrogels showed a non‐cytotoxic response towards L929 cells irrespective of the storage conditions. LIVE/DEAD assay and F‐Actin staining revealed good cell proliferation on the hydrogels. In conclusion, retention of the properties of ADA in its aqueous solution requires careful control of storage temperatures.

3D printing sequentially strengthening high-strength natural polymer hydrogel bilayer scaffold for cornea regeneration.

3D printing of high-strength natural polymer biodegradable hydrogel scaffolds simultaneously resembling the biomechanics of corneal tissue and facilitating tissue regeneration remains a huge challenge due to the inherent brittleness of natural polymer hydrogels and the demanding requirements of printing. Herein, concentrated aqueous solutions of gelatin and carbohydrazide-modified alginate (Gel/Alg-CDH) are blended to form a natural polymer hydrogel ink, where the hydrazides in Alg-CDH are found to form strong hydrogen bonds with the gelatin. The hydrogen-bonding-strengthened Gel/Alg-CDH hydrogel demonstrates an appropriate thickened viscosity and shear thinning for extrusion printing. The strong hydrogen bonds contribute to remarkably increased mechanical properties of Gel/Alg-CDH hydrogel with a maximum elongation of over 400%. In addition, sequentially Ca2+-physical crosslinking and then moderately chemical crosslinking significantly enhance the mechanical properties of Gel/Alg-CDH hydrogels that ultimately exhibit an intriguing J-shaped stress-strain curve (tensile strength of 1.068 MPa and the toughness of 677.6 kJ/m2). The dually crosslinked Gel-Alg-CDH-Ca2+-EDC hydrogels demonstrate a high transparency, physiological swelling stability and rapid enzymatic degradability, as well as suturability. The growth factor and drug-loaded biomimetic bilayer hydrogel scaffold are customized via a multi-nozzle printing system. This bioactive bilayer hydrogel scaffold considerably promotes regeneration of corneal epithelium and stroma and inhibits cornea scarring in rabbit cornea keratoplasty.

Encapsulation of multiple enzymes within a microgel via water-in-water emulsions for enzymatic cascade reactions.

Enzyme-loaded spherical microgels with diameters of several micrometers have been explored for use in therapeutic microreactors and biosensors. Conventional preparation strategies for enzyme-loaded microgels utilized water-in-oil emulsions or flow chemistry techniques. The former damage enzyme activity using organic solvents and the latter are expensive and difficult to expand because of the complex system. In this study, we present a simple strategy for creating multiple enzyme-loaded gelatin-based microgels with tunable diameters in a single flask. This strategy was based on our finding that enzymes spontaneously partitioned in a dispersed methacryloyl gelatin aqueous solution in a poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (WGelMA/WPVP) aqueous solution. The method achieved an encapsulation efficiency of over 70% even with four types of enzymes and retained their activity owing to the full aqueous system. Additionally, the encapsulated β-galactosidase activity was maintained for 24 hours at pH 6, although naked β-galactosidase lost approximately 60% of its activity, which was superior to that of previous enzyme-loaded gelatin gels. Moreover, this simple method enabled the production of 10 g-scale or more microgels in one batch. We also demonstrated that multiple enzyme-loaded gelatin microgels functioned as cascade microreactors for lactose and glucose sensing. This versatile strategy enables the production of enzyme-loaded microgels while maintaining the enzyme activity using very low technologies. This result contributes to the easy preparation of enzyme-loaded microgels and their applications in the biomedical and green catalytic fields.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo

The study aimed to formulate a pure Shikakai shampoo and to evaluate and compare its physicochemical properties with the marketed synthetic and Shikakai shampoos. The Shikakai shampoo was formulated by adding the extracts of Acacia concinna in different proportions to a 10% aqueousgelatin solution. Small amount of methyl paraben was added as a preservative and pH was adjusted with citric acid. Several tests such as visual inspection, pH, wetting time, % Of solid contents, foam volume and stability, surface tension, detergency, dirt dispersion etc, were performed to determine the physico chemical properties of both prepared and marketed shampoos. The formulated Shikakai shampoo was also evaluated for conditioning performance by administering a blind test to 20 student volunteers. The formulated Shikakai shampoo was clear and appealing

Anisotropic wood-hydrogel composites: Extending mechanical properties of wood towards soft materials' applications.

Delignified wood (DW) offers a versatile platform for the manufacturing of composites, with material properties ranging from stiff to soft and flexible by preserving the preferential fiber directionality of natural wood through a structure-retaining production process. This study presents a facile method for fabricating anisotropic and mechanically tunable DW-hydrogel composites. These composites were produced by infiltrating delignified spruce wood with an aqueous gelatin solution followed by chemical crosslinking. The mechanical properties could be modulated across a broad strength and stiffness range (1.2-18.3MPa and 170-1455MPa, respectively) by varying the crosslinking time. The diffusion-led crosslinking further allowed to manufacture mechanically graded structures. The resulting uniaxial, tubular structure of the anisotropic DW-hydrogel composite enabled the alignment of murine fibroblasts in vitro, which could be utilized in future studies on potential applications in tissue engineering.

Preclinical Potential of Probiotic-Loaded Novel Gelatin-Oil Vaginal Suppositories: Efficacy, Stability, and Safety Studies.

The current study describes a suppository base composed of aqueous gelatin solution emulsifying oil globules with probiotic cells dispersed within. The favorable mechanical properties of gelatin to provide a solid gelled structure, and the tendency of its proteins to unravel into long strings that interlace when cooled, lead to a three-dimensional structure that can trap a lot of liquid, which was exploited herein to result in a promising suppository form. The latter maintained incorporated probiotic spores of Bacillus coagulans Unique IS-2 in a viable but non-germinating form, preventing spoilage during storage and imparting protection against the growth of any other contaminating organism (self-preserved formulation). The gelatin-oil-probiotic suppository showed uniformity in weight and probiotic content (23 ± 2.481 × 108 cfu) with favorable swelling (double) followed by erosion and complete dissolution within 6 h of administration, leading to the release of probiotic (within 45 min) from the matrix into simulated vaginal fluid. Microscopic images indicated presence of probiotics and oil globules enmeshed in the gelatin network. High viability (24.3 ± 0.46 × 108), germination upon application and a self-preserving nature were attributed to the optimum water activity (0.593 aw) of the developed composition. The retention of suppositories, germination of probiotics and their in vivo efficacy and safety in vulvovaginal candidiasis murine model are also reported.

Polypyrrole-Barium Ferrite Magnetic Cryogels for Water Purification

Magnetic polypyrrole-gelatin-barium ferrite (PPy-G-BaFe) cryogels/aerogels were synthesized by one-step oxidative cryopolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of various fractions of barium ferrite (BaFe) nanoparticles, dispersed in aqueous gelatin solution. The successful incorporation of BaFe into the composites was confirmed by elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy paired with an energy-dispersive X-ray detector. The maximum achieved content of BaFe in the resulting material was 3.9 wt%. The aerogels with incorporated BaFe had significantly higher specific surface area and conductivity, reaching 19.3 m2 g-1 and 4 × 10-4 S cm-1, respectively, compared to PPy-G aerogel, prepared in the absence of BaFe (7.3 m2 g-1 and 1 × 10-5 S cm-1). The model adsorption experiment using an anionic dye, Reactive Black 5, showed that magnetic PPy-G-BaFe aerogel, prepared at 10 wt% BaFe fraction, had significantly higher adsorption rate and higher adsorption capacity, compared to PPy-G (dye removal fraction 99.6% and 89.1%, respectively, after 23 h). Therefore, the prepared PPy-G-BaFe aerogels are attractive adsorbents for water purification due to their enhanced adsorption performance and the possibility of facilitated separation from solution by a magnetic field.

Poly(ethylene oxide)/Gelatin-Based Biphasic Photocrosslinkable Hydrogels of Tunable Morphology for Hepatic Progenitor Cell Encapsulation.

Macroporous hydrogels have great potential for biomedical applications. Liquid or gel-like pores were created in a photopolymerizable hydrogel by forming water-in-water emulsions upon mixing aqueous solutions of gelatin and a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based triblock copolymer. The copolymer constituted the continuous matrix, which dominated the mechanical properties of the hydrogel once photopolymerized. The gelatin constituted the dispersed phase, which created macropores in the hydrogel. The microstructures of the porous hydrogel were determined by the volume fraction of the gelatin phase. When volume fractions were close to 50 v%, free-standing hydrogels with interpenetrated morphology can be obtained thanks to the addition of a small amount of xanthan. The hydrogels displayed Young's moduli ranging from 5 to 30 kPa. They have been found to be non-swellable and non-degradable in physiological conditions. Preliminary viability tests with hepatic progenitor cells embedded in monophasic PEO-based hydrogels showed rapid mortality of the cells, whereas encouraging viability was observed in PEO-based triblock copolymer/gelatin macroporous hydrogels. The latter has the potential to be used in cell therapy.

Hydrolyzed protein treatment to natural cellulosic lightweight and scattering fibers for improving the hydrophilicity

The purpose of this study was to improve the hydrophilicity of kapok by treatment with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and a gelatin which is natural hydrolyzed protein. The characteristics of kapok with 1–5% NaClO and the dried kapok was further treated with 1–5% NaClO and 0.1–0.5% gelatin aqueous solution was analyzed by physical properties through drying speed, dyeing property, FT-IR, and SEM. As a results, It was confirmed that the whiteness of kapok was improved by NaClO and mostly decreased by gelatin treatment. Through SEM analysis, it was confirmed that the fibers were damaged as NaClO increased, and it was observed that the surface swelled smoothly as the gelatin was treated. In FT-IR, the degradation of lignin by NaClO and the binding of peptide to the surface of kapok with gelatin were confirmed. In the drying speed test, it was found that the moisture content of the kapok decreased with NaClO increased, and the moisture content increased by gelatin. The hydrophilicity through dyeing was not even in the raw kapok, but after treatment with NaClO and gelatin, the K/S value increased by 3 or more, confirming that the hydrophilicity was improved.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo

The study aimed to formulate a pure herbal shampoo and to evaluate and compare its physicochemical properties with the marketed synthetic and herbal shampoos. The herbal shampoo was formulated by adding the extracts of Acacia concinna, Sapindus mukorossi, Phyllanthus emblica, Ziziphus spina-Christi and Citrus aurantifolia in different proportions to a 10% aqueous gelatin solution. Small amount of methyl paraben was added as a preservative and pH was adjusted with citric acid. Several tests such as visual inspection, pH, wetting time, % Of solid contents, foam volume and stability, surface tension, detergency, dirt dispersion etc, were performed to determine the physicochemical properties of both prepared and marketed shampoos. The formulated herbal shampoo was also evaluated for conditioning performance by administering a blind test to 20 student volunteers. The formulated herbal shampoo was clear and appealing.

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) films coated with antimicrobial gelatin/chondroitin sulfate polyelectrolyte multilayers containing ionic liquids

Gelatin (GE) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) with or without ionic liquids (ILs) are assembled on oxidized poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), using the layer-by-layer (LbL) approach. The ILs associated with the PEMs include 1-n-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C16MImCl), 1-n-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (C16MImMeS), and 1-n-hexadecyl pyridinium chloride monohydrate (C16PyrCl.H2O). The ILs are associated with PEMs for the first time. The ILs are dissolved in an aqueous GE solution and then associated with CS by the layer-by-layer approach. The alternating deposition of GE or GE/ILs and CS multilayers on the oxidized PET results in durable surface coatings. The oxidized PET and PEMs are characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), spectroscopic ellipsometry, and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The GE/CS IL PEM coatings reveal higher wettability (WCA between 41 and 45°) and roughness (root mean square, Rq, values between 74.5 and 89.1 nm) than the unmodified PET (WCA of 90.9° and surface roughness of 26.9 nm). The PEMs are homogeneous surface coatings with durability after exposure to phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) for 24 h. The ILs impart low minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The MIC and MBC are lower than 0.625 μg/mL against P. aeruginosa. The CS and GE and the GE/CS PEM do not provide any antimicrobial effect. However, the GE/CS IL PEMs show high antimicrobial capacity, preventing the attachment and growth of microbial cells. The GE/CS IL PEMs are durable, bactericidal, and anti-adhesive surfaces for PET.

Effect of Sugars on Gelation Kinetics of Gelatin Gels

We investigate the rheological behavior of aqueous solutions containing animal gelatin, sugars and polyols. The aim is to study how the gelation kinetics, transition temperatures and gel strengths of an aqueous gelatin solution can be affected by the progressive addition of co-solutes. Aqueous solutions with a fixed mass percentage of gelatin of 6.8 wt% were prepared at various concentrations of sugars and polyols. Through Dynamic Temperature Ramp tests, performed at various ramp rates, and Dynamic Time Sweep and Dynamic Frequency Sweep tests, carried out at different temperatures, it was possible both to evaluate the transition temperatures and to monitor the gelation kinetics of the samples. It was found that the contribution of co-solutes positively affects both the gelation process and the thermal stability of the aqueous gelatin solution by reducing the gelation time and improving the mechanical properties of the gel in terms of network elasticity.

EVOLUTION OF LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES DURING STORAGE CdS QDs IN AIR

This paper presents the results of a study the CdS QDs and nanostructures of CdS / ZnS QDs obtained by the sol - gel technology in an aqueous solution of gelatin and the effect of storage on their luminescence. An increase in the luminescence intensity was found after storage the samples in air. It is revealed that the highest growth factor of the luminescence intensity is observed in CdS QDs without a shell. A mechanism has been formulated that affects the luminescent properties of CdS QDs and nanostructures of CdS / ZnS QDs during storage.

On the inverse quenching technique applied to gelatin solutions

Gelatin gels are known to be nonequilibrium systems, because of the continuous growth and rearrangements of physical junctions, even in the solidlike state. Establishing a relationship between the relative degree of cross-linking and macroscopic elasticity would be crucial in understanding, modeling, and predicting the transformation processes of gelatin solutions. Performing rheological experiments on a distinct gel structure, with a definite number of cross-links, is, however, a challenging task. In isothermal conditions, indeed, the density of physical cross-links changes indefinitely, and network evolution cannot be arrested. Inspired by the inverse quenching technique applied in the past to semicrystalline polymers, we here apply an unusual thermal history to an aqueous solution of gelatin in the semiconcentrated regime (6.67%w pig-skin gelatin), in order to freeze the system in a metastable condition for a time sufficiently long to perform a rheological characterization. The solution, initially kept in the sol state at 60°C, is rapidly cooled below gelation temperature, and isothermal gelation is started at 10°C. After soaking at this low temperature for a given time, the sample is rapidly heated (inverse quenching) up to a value in the range 24–29 °C, where kinetics is monitored. If the waiting time at low temperature and the inverse quenching temperature are suitably chosen, sample elasticity will remain stationary for a relatively large time window, and rheological experiments can then be reliably performed.

Antimetastatic effect of organotin compounds on the model of melanoma B16 in the experiment.

e21564 Background: Melanoma is an extremely malignant tumor. The unfavorable prognosis in the treatment of patients is mainly due to aggressive metastasis of the tumor in various ways: hematogenic, lymphogenic and lymphohematogenic. Metastatic melanoma cells are relatively drug - resistant. Despite some successes in the treatment of melanoma, the search for new antimetastatic substances remains an urgent task of experimental pharmacology and oncology. Organotin compounds were studied by us as promising candidates for antimetastatic agents. Methods: The study was conducted on experimental C57BL/6 mice (n =72, each cohort contained 12 mice) with B16 melanoma (subcutaneous transplantation) to determine the intensity of metastasis in the presence of the cytotoxic organotin compound dimethyltin bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylthiolate) [1-3] (Me3). All manipulations were carried out in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrates Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS 123). Female mice (8 weeks of age, weighing 21-22 g) were administered intraperitoneal 1% aqueous gelatin solution of organotin Me3 daily for 5 days. The total doses in the first series of the experiment were 150, 250, 375 mg/kg (I, II, III cohorts and IV control group), which allowed us to choose the most effective dose of Me3. After that, in the second series of experiments, the metastasis inhibition index was evaluated in group V (total dose 375 mg/kg) and control group VI. The animals were euthanized on the 18th day after the tumor was inoculated. Results: It was shown that when administered intraperitoneal to mice, Me3 did not inhibit the growth of B16 melanoma in any of the groups. The results showed that the average life expectancy of animals in the experimental group III with the introduction of Me3 at a dose of 375 mg/kg significantly increased and amounted to 30.1±2.5 days, in control mice of group IV-21.8±2.6 days. In the second series of the experiment, after 18 days, the index of metastasis inhibition was almost twice lower (54%) in group V than in the control group (VI). Conclusions: It is concluded that the overall result of this study clearly demonstrates that the organotin compound dimethyltin bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylthiolate) (Me3) is an effective antimetastatic agent in transplanted experimental mouse melanoma B16 at a total dose of 375 mg/kg.

Organotin compounds as effective antimetastatic substances in the treatment of epidermoid lung carcinoma Lewis (LLC) in an experiment.

e15054 Background: Lung cancer occupies one of the first places in the structure of oncological diseases in the world. Reducing the life expectancy of patients, as a rule, occurs as a result of metastatic complications, so the search for new antimetastatic agents is an urgent task for experimental pharmacology and oncology. The aim of our study is to assess the severity of metastatic lesion in the Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma (LLC) model in the presence of an organotin compound. Methods: The study was conducted on experimental C57BL/6 mice (n = 24, each group contained 12 mice) with LLC (subcutaneous transplantation) in the presence of the cytotoxic organotin compound 2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) - 4 - [(triphenylstannyl)thio]phenol (Me5). All manipulations were carried out in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrates Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS 123). Female mice (8 weeks of age, weighing 21-22 g) were intraperitoneally injected with a 1% aqueous gelatin solution of organotin Me5 daily for 5 days. The most effective total dose of Me5 was 250 mg / kg. The animals of the control group received saline solution in similar modes and volumes. In the experimental and control groups, the degree of metastatic lesion was assessed on the 21-day post-grafting period according to the scale proposed by D. Tarin and J. E. Price, which allows us to differentiate the severity of the lesion depending on the number of metastases and their size. The experiment describes three degrees of lesion: LCP-1 (metastases less than 10 pcs. with a diameter not exceeding 1 mm); LCP-2 (metastases from 10 to 30 pieces, some of them larger than 1 mm) and HCP-3 (metastases larger than 30 pieces of different sizes, but no drain). The pathohistological structure was studied by the light-optical method with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: When administered intraperitoneal to mice, Me5 did not inhibit the growth of the primary tumor site in the experimental group, but significantly reduced the severity of metastatic lesions in the lungs. In the control group, 75 % of mice with LLC had LCP - 2 (low colonization potential) and in 25% of HCP-3 (high colonization potential) metastatic lesions, in the experimental group only mild lesions were noted in all animals: 58% of mice had LCP – 1, 42% - LCP-2. Conclusions: It is concluded that the overall result of this study clearly demonstrates that the organotin compound 2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) - 4 - [(triphenylstannyl)thio] phenol (Me5) is an effective antimetastatic agent in the Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma (LLC) model at a total dose of 250 mg/kg.