Aquatic Resources Research Articles

Effect of different fertilizers on the growth of duckweed (Lemna minor) as aquatic plant resources utilization in sustaining Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture

Duckweed (Lemna minor) is one of the smallest floating aquatic plants in the world. This plant is potentially important in the aquaculture feed industry since aquaculture feed is the major operational cost in fish production. This 37-days study was done to see the effect of different fertilizers; (goat manure, chicken manure and organic fertilizer) at the same concentration of 2g/L on duckweed growth. Tap water without fertilizer was used as a control. Water parameters such as pH, temperature, nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia were observed. The result of duckweed growth rate after 37 days in goat manure fertilizer (0.76 grams/day) is the highest followed by chicken manure fertilizer (0.15 grams/day), organic fertilizer (0.02977 grams/day) and the control (-0.00 133 grams/day). The number of the duckweed at the end of experiment by using the goat manure fertilizer is higher which is 489 units, followed by chicken manure fertilizer (179 units), organic fertilizer (64 units) and control (22 unit). Treatment of goat manure fertilizer has a high concentration of nitrate 1.99 ppm, ammonia 2.69 ppm and available phosphate 7.71 ppm which suitability for duckweed growth. Since duckweed is easy to be cultured, this natural resource of aquatic plants can be produced commercially for Red Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) farm.

Analysis of multiyear seasonal spatial-temporal chlorophyll-a concentration dynamics in the coastal zone of north-western of the Sea of Japan

The coastal zone and shelf of the north-western of the Sea of Japan have high biological productivity. The vegetation of microalgae is realized due to insolation, nutrient input with river runoff and as a result of seasonal vertical mixing of water masses. Also, the productivity activity relates to the type of marine landscape. Phytoplankton assemblages are first-order food resources for zooplankton and the second for nekton (fish, mammals), and they also serve as a source of biological minerals from the decayed of their dead cell products, which as suspended particles (detritus) provide food for pelagic bacteria and bottom biocenoses. The vertical subdivision of the landscape - neritho-pelagial (coastal zone) of the studied part of the sea reflects a wide biological diversity represented by bottom communities of living organisms. The research objective of this article studied to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of chlorophyll-a concentration in phytoplankton in different landscape-bionomic areas in the north- western of the Sea of Japan for each season from 2003 to 2022’s. The article is used the landscape-bionomic and space monitoring data approaches. The known system of units of global zoning of ecoregions (sea basins) describes the natural features of the sea. The fundamental unit of regional zoning is coastal morphostructures or marine landscape which builds ecological conditions for hydrobionts. Space monitoring from the Aqua satellite, NASA, covers the upper layers of water at a wide resolution. Water surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration for 20 years (2003-2022's) are compared on the basis of satellite data. Practical significance: the paper discloses the links between landscape-bionomic areas and seasonal multiyear dynamics of temperature and phytoplankton productivity in the north- western of the Sea of Japan. The comprehensive approach will serve as a necessity for the rational use of aquatic biological resources. Moreover, satellite data can be applied to the construction of long-term forecasts of climate variability in the region.

Analysis of the fisheries industry and the development of its feed supply, taking into account biologically active substances

The study presents the results of the assessment of the current state of the fisheries complex, the dynamics of extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources, the state of the feed industry for certain types of feed. The study was conducted on the basis of relevant statistical, scientific, practical, and other materials in the field of activity of the fishery complex. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the key indicators identified. The State Program for the development of the fishery complex of the Russian Federation. A significant place in ensuring the positive dynamics of the development of the fishing industry is given to feed. Indicators of feed production are generally growing for older age and sex fish groups. Nevertheless, for the repair of young animals at the early stages of cultivation, to stimulate vitality and immunity, so-called starter, production and functional feeds containing specific ingredients and probiotics are required - biologically active substances that are not produced enough. As a result, a significant proportion of imported feed remains.

Возраст и рост обыкновенного судака Sander lucioperca в разнотипных водоемах юга Западной Сибири

The age and growth of fish are the most important characteristics underlying the assessment of the state of fish stocks and the forecasting of future catches. The pike-perch Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758) is an alien fish species in Western Siberia. It was first introduced into the Ob basin in 1956. The introduction of this species into the Novosibirsk reservoir was carried out in 1959-1964, and into Lake Chany in 1964-1966. Currently, pike-perch is spread throughout the Ob basin and is an important fishery target. This study summarizes long-term data from the Novosibirsk branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography ("VNIRO") about the growth of different-aged individuals of the pike-perch, collected during monitoring of aquatic biological resources in the Novosibirsk reservoir (54°20' N, 81°57'E) and Lake Chany (54°55'N, 77°31'E) over the last 10 years (2013-2022). These water bodies are of different types: the Novosibirsk reservoir was formed on the Ob River, the maximum depth reaches 25 m, the average depth is 8 m. The area of the reservoir is 1.07 thousand km^. Lake Chany is located in the Ob-Irtysh interfluve, drainless, filled due to the runoff of the Kargat and Chulym rivers, atmospheric precipitation and groundwater. The maximum depth is up to 8 m, average depth is 2 m. The area of the lake fluctuates greatly from year to year depending on the water level, in the long-term aspect it has tends to decrease, currently amounting to about 2 thousand km. The lake water has increased mineralization in most of the reaches. Fish collection for analysis of size characteristics is carried out annually from commercial catches. The total volume of material for this study was 2953 individuals from Lake Chany and 1102 individuals from the Novosibirsk reservoir. As a result of this work, it was found that in commercial catches in different types of water bodies in the south of Western Siberia, pike-perch has been known at the age of up to 14+ years over the last 10 years. In Lake Chany, there were mostly individuals of age groups 2+-4+, and in the Novosibirsk Reservoir - 3+-6+ (See Fig. 1). The pike-perch size of the same age from commercial catches varies greatly from one year to the next in Lake Chany, and in the Novosibirsk reservoir (See Fig. 2). It confirms the data on significant variability in growth rates of this species and indicating the need for a cautious approach to comparing the length and weight of pike perch in different observation periods. On average, over the last decade, pike-perch in Lake Chany is characterized by a slightly shorter standard length and greater weight than in the Novosibirsk Reservoir, however, the differences reach statistical significance (p < 0.001) only when comparing fish aged 2+ by standard length (See Fig. 3). The analysis of the relationship between the growth rate of pike-perch and environmental temperature showed that the absolute increase per year of standard length and weight of younger age groups fish in the Novosibirsk Reservoir has a statistically significant positive correlation with the temperature in April (r = 0.6110.775), and in Lake Chany - in May (r = 0.633-0.737) (See Tables 1, 2). Considering that the average April temperature in the area of the Novosibirsk reservoir is 1.9°C higher than in the area of Lake Chany, probably, in the latter, juvenile pike-perch begins to actively feeding a little later. It may explain the smaller sizes of pike-perch of younger age groups in Lake Chany compared to the Novosibirsk reservoir. The article contains 4 Figures, 2 Tables and 28 References. The authors express their gratitude to all colleagues - employees of the Novosibirsk Branch of "VNIRO", who over in different years took part in collecting the material. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Targeted cultivation of diatoms in mariculture wastewater by nutrient regulation and UV-C irradiation.

Mariculture wastewater poses environmental challenges due to pollution and eutrophication. Targeted cultivation of diatoms in wastewater can help alleviate these issues while generating beneficial algae biomass, however reliable operating methods are lacking. We proposed a novel method for treating mariculture wastewater that employed UV-C irradiation and nutrient regulation to achieve targeted diatom cultivation. This study first examined growth of four diatom species (Nitzschia closterium, Chaetoceros muelleri, Cyclotella atomus, and Conticribra weissflogii) in mariculture wastewater. C. muelleri and C. weissflogii demonstrated better adaptability compared to N. closterium and C. atomus. Additionally, the growth and nutrient utilization of C. muelleri were studied under varying concentrations of silicate, phosphate, ammonium, and trace elements in wastewater. Optimal growth was observed at 500 μmol/L silicate, 0.6 mg/L phosphate, and 4 mg/L ammonium. Ammonium proved to be a more effective nitrogen source than urea and nitrate in promoting growth at this low level. Surprisingly, trace element supplementation did not significantly impact growth. Finally, this study utilized UV-C irradiation as a pre-treatment method for wastewater prior to nutrient adjustment, significantly enhancing the growth of C. muelleri. Overall, this study provides guidance on regulating key nutrients and pre-treatment method to optimize diatom biomass production from mariculture wastewater. This approach not only addresses environmental challenges associated with mariculture but also contributes to sustainable aquaculture practices through the recovery of valuable aquatic resources.

IMPLICAÇÕES DOS ESPORÕES DE PEIXES NA SAÚDE DOS PESCADORES INDUSTRIAIS DE PIRAMUTABA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL

Industrial fishing for piramutaba (Brachyplatystoma vaillantii) at the mouth of the Amazon River, encompassing the coastal zone of northern Brazil, is an activity characterized by the intense presence of industrial fishing fleets and notable aquatic biodiversity. However, this activity faces significant challenges in the realm of occupational health and safety. The aim of this study was to identify the species of venomous fish present in piramutaba fishing and to assess the impact of these species on the health-disease processes of the fishermen. Through questionnaires, a high incidence of accidents related to fish spines was evidenced. The prominent presence of potentially dangerous species in the region's ichthyological diversity directly influences the frequency and severity of accidents. The educational profile of the fishermen, mostly with incomplete Acta of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Oliveira et al. (2024): ActaPesca 12(2): 110-120 DOI 10.46732/Actafish.2024.12.2.110-120 111 elementary education, highlights the urgent need for training programs adapted to the local reality. The need for the implementation of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is evident, complemented by educational strategies aimed at accident prevention and understanding the risks associated with interaction with venomous fish. The research also underscores the importance of future studies that can evaluate the effectiveness of different training and awareness strategies for fishermen, aiming for a more comprehensive approach to occupational safety in fishing activities.

Monitoring coastal water quality using trios ramses hyperspectral reflectance data

The coastal area is very strategic as the center of national economic activity. Coastal areas that have strategic value from the potential of aquatic resources and environmental services, among others, are located on the northern coast of the Java Sea, one of which is Muaragembong. The Muaragembong coast in general has a problem of decreasing water quality. One of the water quality parameters that is often used to measure conditions in the field is Total Suspended Solid (TSS). Monitoring the concentration of TSS in a waters can be done through an approach, namely the development of an empirical model using remote sensing data. In addition to satellite imagery data, remote sensing data can also be performed by measuring the spectral reflection of an aquatic object using a tool called a radiometer. This study aims to build an empirical model using TRIO RAMSES data which is simulated into a combination of wavelengths from the Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 bands to be able to estimate TSS concentrations in waters.The results showed that Reflectance Remote Sensing (Rrs) from TRIOS RAMSES data which was simulated into the wavelength range of Sentinel 2A image data was able to build an empirical model using multivariate band combinations. The results obtained on Sentinel 2 imagery show an R2 value of 0.68 and RMSE 113.04 mg/L.

СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ И РЕСПУБЛИКИ АБХАЗИЯ В СФЕРЕ РЫБНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА: ИТОГИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

Background. The Republic of Abkhazia has a high natural and climatic potential for the development of fisheries and aquaculture, which creates a reliable basis for its cooperation with the Russian Federation in the field of fisheries. Relevance. The analysis of the efforts of these two countries in the field of fisheries is relevant for the further advancement of their cooperation and can facilitate the sustainable development of fisheries and aquaculture, as well as rational and economically efficient use of aquatic resources in the Southeastern Black Sea. The aim of this work is to give an overview of the dynamics of the fisheries activities conducted by the Republic of Abkhazia over the past decade and to present the results of its international cooperation with the Russian Federation undertaken within the scope of the Intergovernmental Russian-Abkhazian Fisheries Commission in 2011-2024. Methods. The analysis of the developmental indices of the fisheries of the Republic of Abkhazia and the provisions of the sessions of the Russian-Abkhazian Fisheries Commission in the context of implementation of its decisions has been conducted. Results. The achievements in the main avenues of scientific, technological, educational, and economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Abkhazia in the field of fisheries are shown. Eight sessions of the Commission have been conducted, under the auspices of which the scientific and technological cooperation between fisheries organizations of Russia and Abkhazia in the area of multidisciplinary ecological and fisheries research has been envisioned and implemented, annual catches of anchovy during its wintering in the waters of the Republic of Abkhazia have been coordinated, operating conditions of the Russian fishing vessels in the Abkhazian sea waters have been established, and the Fishing Regulations for the waters of the Republic of Abkhazia have been developed in compliance with the provisions and articles of the Russian Fishing Regulations for the Azov and Black Sea Fishery Basin. Conclusion. Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Abkhazia in the field of fisheries has a significant potential for deepening and development.

Tolerance threshold of a pelagic species in China to total dissolved gas supersaturation: from the perspective of survival characteristics and swimming ability.

Total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation downstream of dams can occur in the Yangtze River basin and is known to cause stress and even death in fish. Consequently, it is important to establish tolerance thresholds of endemic fish to protect local aquatic resources. We conducted experiments to assess survival characteristics and swimming ability of bighead carp, an important commercial fish dwelling in the Yangtze River, to evaluate its tolerance threshold to TDG supersaturation. The typical external symptoms of gas bubble trauma (GBT) were observed and the time when the fish lost equilibrium and died were recorded. The results showed that the mortality occurred when TDG level exceeded 125%, with obvious symptoms such as exophthalmos and bubbles on the head. The interval between loss of equilibrium and mortality decreased with an increase in TDG level. Neither exposure time nor TDG level significantly affected the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) of fish exposed to non-lethal exposure (110%, 120% and 125% TDG) over a 7day period. Significant reductions in Ucrit were found under 130% and 135% TDG conditions when the exposure lasted 52.0h and 42.9h, respectively. The Ucrit also significantly decreased after exposure of 1.6h under 140% TDG condition. Moreover, after exposure to 140% TDG for 39.2h, 135% TDG for 56.5h and 130% TDG for 95.9h, bighead carp were transferred into air saturated water to recover for 24h or 48h; however, swimming performance remained impaired. The results of this study indicate that 125% TDG was the highest TDG level where limited mortality was observed and the swimming ability was not impaired, showing that 125% TDG can be set as the tolerance threshold of this species to guide the operation of dams in the Yangtze River Basin.

Estimating global numbers of fishes caught from the wild annually from 2000 to 2019.

Finfishes are caught from the wild for food, feed (often in the form of fishmeal and oil) and bait. According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), between 74 and 83 million tonnes (averaging 77 million tonnes) were caught annually in 2000-2019. Although fishes are now widely recognised as sentient beings, capture is still quantified as biomass rather than number of individuals (in contrast to wild-caught marine mammals and crocodiles; and farmed mammals and birds). Here, we estimate global numbers of wild-caught finfishes using FAO capture production (landing) tonnages (2000-2019 data) and estimates of mean individual weight at capture, based on internet-sourced capture and market weights. We estimate that between 1,100 and 2,200 billion (1.1-2.2 × 1012), or 1.1-2.2 trillion, wild finfishes were caught annually, on average, during 2000-2019. Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) comprised 28%, by estimate midpoint. Estimated numbers in 2019, totalling 980-1,900 billion, were lower due to reduced anchoveta landings, but still represented 87.5% of vertebrate numbers killed for food or feed, as obtained or estimated from FAO data. These figures exclude unrecorded capture such as illegal fishing, discards and ghost fishing. Estimated finfish numbers used for reduction to fishmeal and oil represented 56% of the total 2010 estimate (1,000-1,900 billion), by midpoint. It is recommended that the FAO reports fish capture numbers. The welfare of wild-caught fishes, which is generally very poor during and after capture, should be addressed as part of sustainable utilisation of aquatic resources.

Effects of two diets on growth and condition factor of Chitala lopis

The giant featherback Chitala lopis is fully protected fish species according to Indonesia's official list. The conservation of aquatic resources is achieved through implementing fish farming practices and optimizing feed utilization. This study aims to investigate the impact of different feeding rate on the growth patterns, performance, and condition factors of the first generation of giant featherback. The first generation of the fish were collected from the natural reproduction of broodstock in the earthen ponds. Fish were randomly divided at three different groups replicated three times and reared in the nine net cages installed in the earthen pond. The stocking density of the fish in each group was three fish per cage. The feed treatment involved fish bycatch as control (T0) (5% of the total weight) and freshwater shrimp, Caridina sp. with two different feeding rates including 5% (T1) and 7% (T2) of the total weight, respectively. The mean initial weight of the fish was 41 ± 3.85 g. The survival and absolute growth rate of T1 were highest (29.9±6.38 g, 78± 11%), but it is not significantly different (p0.05). The average relative growth rate of T1 is also highest (76.28±18.61%) and significantly different (p0.05). The growth pattern of the fish at the beginning of the study was negative allometric (0.54), which was low correlated (0.03), and at the end became positive allometric (4.17), which was moderately correlated (0.66). The highest condition factor was T2 (0.78±0.03) and had a significant effect (p0.05). Caridina sp. has a good impact on the first generation of giant featherback weight growth compared to other treatments in this study.Keywords:CultivationFeeding rateGiant featherbackCaridina sp.Rasbora sp.

Analysis of Carbon Sequestration Rate in Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) Based on Environmental Mitigation

Blue economy is a development concept that develops by relying on marine or aquatic resources. An increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is fueling climate change. This study aims to analyze the rate of carbon uptake in the waters, using seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii which utilizes carbon to be converted into biomass before returning to the air. The results showed that highest carbon absorption rate was found in location A with the highest total carbon absorption of 94.87±0.77 tons C/planting cycle, then treatment B with 83.96±0.54 tons C/planting cycle, and the lowest in treatment C with 76.88±0.18 tons C/planting cycle. Water quality parameters are still mostly in decent condition for the cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed. Salinity conditions of waters are relatively high (35-39 ppt) even though the optimum seaweed grows in the range of 30-34 ppt. The conclusion of the study is that the highest total carbon is found at Location A, which is 94.87±0.77 tons C/planting cycle. The suggestion of this study is that it is necessary to analyze the suitability of seaweed cultivation land with various water quality parameters, so that mapping of potential types of seaweed that can be cultivated according to the characteristics and quality of the waters.

Water Salinity in Agriculture: Analyzing Irrigation Water Quality for Farmers

The primary aim of this study is to assess irrigation water's salinity levels and categorize them as regular, slightly to moderately saline, or severely saline, using the salinity parameters established by Ayers and Westcot as a reference. This practice plays a substantial role in global agriculture, accounting for 20% of total cultivated land and contributing 40% of the world's food production. It falls under the classification of water usage known as Class C, which encompasses Fishery Water for the propagation and growth of aquatic resources, Recreational Water Class II for boating and similar activities, and Agriculture, including irrigation and livestock watering. This classification underscores irrigation water's profound influence on agriculture as a whole. Salinity, often considered one of humanity's earliest environmental challenges, is paramount. Excessive salinity in agriculture, particularly in the context of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation, a staple crop that nourishes half of the global population, poses a formidable threat. High salinity levels can potentially hinder plant growth, reduce crop yields, and compromise the quality of agricultural products. This research seeks to illuminate the critical issue of salinity in irrigation, specifically focusing on its implications for rice cultivation, which plays a pivotal role in global food security. By delineating the salinity status of irrigation water, it aims to provide valuable insights into the challenges confronted by agricultural communities and lay the groundwork for informed decision-making in sustainable agriculture.

Влияние экспортно-импортной политики на экономическую безопасность рыбной промышленности в условиях санкционного давления

The influence of export-import policy on the economic security of the fishing industry in the conditions of sanctions pressure is considered. An overview of the sanctions imposed by the European Union that affect the functioning of the fishing industry in Russia is presented. It is noted that sanctions in the future will have a significant impact primarily on the Russian consumer, who in deteriorating economic conditions will be forced to save on the purchase of fish products. The decrease in effective demand is one of the key factors of negative impact on the economic security of the fishing industry of the Russian Federation. The key indicators characterizing the results of export-import activity of the fishing industry of the Russian Federation are analyzed: export and import of fish, fish products and seafood; dynamics of wholesale/retail prices for the main types of fish; dynamics of production volumes (catch) of aquatic biological resources without withdrawal of commercial aquaculture, etc. The available data on the state of the fishing industry of the Russian Federation after the sanctions imposed in 2022 are systematized, as well as factors indicating the presence of threats and risks of ensuring the economic security of the fishing industry of the Russian Federation after the sanctions imposed in 2022 are identified and grouped. An assessment of the scale and nature of the impact of these sanctions on the fishing industry of the Russian Federation is made. The main problems faced by the fishing industry due to EU sanctions against Russia have been identified. The ways of leveling the consequences in the fishing industry caused by the impact of sanctions are proposed, as well as the directions of strengthening the economic security of the fishing industry are proposed.

Folklore use of Common Hydrophytes Found in and around ‘The Jagannath Temple’, Puri, Odisha

Background: Wetlands are rich in aquatic resource which maintains biodiversity and offers support to various aquatic lives. This atmosphere is generally supports hydrophytic plants or hydrophytes.[1] In India wetlands occupy 59.2 million hectres.[2] Puri is a coastal district of Eastern Odisha famous for “The Jagannath Temple” and associated ponds, wells and host of other ancient monuments along with long sea beaches and many rivers. Much survey has been done previously for hydrophytes in India and other districts of Odisha, but not much for Puri district. This work is important as many folklore practicing peoples are using various aquatic herbs for treatment purpose. Methodology: The study was conducted during 2022-2023, involving field visit, meeting with folklore practicing people and taking the photographs of plants for identification. The plants were identified based on The Flora of Odisha[3] and Botany of Bihar & Odisha[4] and contemporary monographs and reviews.[5,6] Results & Discussion: A total number of 36 species belonging to 22 families were documented and their supposed folklore medicinal uses have been recorded.

Human and birds

The paper presents the study of avifauna from the hunter-gatherer sites at the Dnieper-Dvina basin spanning time period from the 6th to 3rd millennia BC. A total of 669 bird bones were identified and attributed to 46 different bird taxa, representing resident and migrant birds. They belong to four habitat groups: waterfowl, forest, woodside and meadow-steppe. The dominance of waterfowl birds follows the common strategy of aquatic resources exploitation. Changes in the procurement strategies, use and symbolic meanings of birds can be envisaged. Reconstructed regional mean temperature fluctuations suggest a particular influence on breeding biology and migration patterns of different species.

Effects of different feeding rate on growth and condition factor of Chitala lopis

Chitala lopis, also known as giant featherback, is a fully protected fish species on Indonesian official list due to the susceptibility to exploitation. Several studies showed that the conservation of aquatic resources, such as giant featherback, could be achieved through the implementation of fish farming practices and optimization of feed use. Therefore, this study aimed to determine effect of different feeding rate on growth pattern, performance, and condition factor of the first generation of giant featherback. The first generation of fish was collected from the natural reproduction of broodstock in the earthen ponds. A total of 5 samples were then randomly divided into three treatment groups and reared in the nine net cages installed in the earthen pond. The stocking density in each group was three fish per cage, and the treatments were carried out in triplicates. Feed given comprised fish bycatch as control (T0) (5% of the total weight) and freshwater shrimp, Caridina sp. with two different feeding rates, namely 5% (T1) and 7% (T2) of the total weight. The mean initial weight of all the samples in this study was 41 ± 3.85 g. The results showed that the highest survival and absolute growth rates (29.9±6.38 g, 78± 11%) were obtained in T1, but were not significantly different (p0.05). Furthermore, the highest average relative growth rate was also found in T1 (76.28±18.61%) and significantly different compared to other treatments (p0.05). Growth pattern of fish at the beginning of the experiment was negative allometric (0.54), showing a low correlation (0.03), but became positive allometric (4.17) at the end, with moderate correlation (0.66). The results also showed that the highest condition factor was obtained in T2 (0.78±0.03), and there was a significant effect (p0.05). Based on the results, Caridina sp. had a positive and significant impact on the weight growth of the first generation of giant featherback compared to other studies.Keywords:CultivationFeeding rateGiant featherbackCaridina sp.Rasbora sp.

Recommending Surface Water Quality Monitoring for the Nature Reserve Using Multivariate Statistical Methods

Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature Reserve has a crucial role in conserving and protecting the natural ecosystem and biodiversity in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, and the local communities also receive great benefits from aquatic resources in this nature reserve. This study was conducted to assess water quality in the Lung Ngoc Hoang Nature Reserve and to provide important information for the monitoring program using multivariate statistical methods. Water samples were collected bimonthly from fifteen locations belonging to five functional zones of the nature reserve (i.e., buffer zone, main canal, administrative and service zone, ecological restoration zone, and strictly protected zone). The physiochemical properties of water samples were measured, including temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), sulfate (SO42-), iron (Fe2+), and aluminum (Al3+). The results showed that the levels of TSS, COD, and Fe2+ exceeded the Vietnamese standard on surface water quality, and the DO level was also far below the standard. Besides, the concentrations of TN, TP, and Al3+ in the nature reserve area showed the risk of eutrophication and negative effects on aquatic organisms. Problems of water quality were observed in the main canal and the administrative and service zones more than in the other zones. Cluster analysis (CA) suggested a reduction in the number of monitoring frequencies and locations to four months (i.e., January, April, July, and September) and twelve locations, respectively. This reduction allows for a decrease in the effort and cost of the monitoring program with adequate information to evaluate water quality. Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) identified five principal components, which could explain 80.98% of the total variance of the initial dataset. Potential pollution sources were also recognized based on PCA, including the nature properties of sulfate-acid soils, livestock, fertilizer, and domestic activities. The findings of this study can enhance our understanding of water quality in the nature reserve area and the effectiveness of future monitoring programs. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-015 Full Text: PDF

Socio-economic appraisal of fish sanctuary on livelihood of fishermen in Chikadubi beel of Dingapota Haor, Netrokona, Bangladesh

The investigation was conducted on the livelihood status of fishers of Chikadubi beel in Dingaputa haor, Netrokona district of Bangladesh for a period of 6 months from August 2020 to December 2020. A total 50 fishers were randomly selected and data were collected from them through direct interview. Focus group discussions were carried out by a previously made checklist. The results showed that the annual income of fishermen varied from BDT 30000 (270.79 USD) to BDT 70000 (631.85 USD). Maximum (58%) fishers were low-income levels from BDT 30000 (270.79 USD) to BDT 40000 (361.05 USD) and trying to shift their professions to other subsidiary professions. Among them 66% of the respondents indicated that this sanctuary is very effective in improving socio-economic status of the fishers. Relatively middle age group (31 to 40 years) dominated in all study areas. Muslim fishermen are the most dominant in the study area. 68% of the fishers live with nuclear families. The highest percentage (62%) fishers can sign only due to economic crisis and lack of awareness about education, (24%) having Primary level education, (14%) have no education as the children dropped out from school before completing their primary education. Housing and sanitation conditions of the fishermen were not well developed. Based on various livelihood parameters, fishermen are leading very poor state of lives. Sanctuary establishment and Community based aquatic resource management strategies may be undertaken with a view to enhance fish production to improve the livelihood condition of the fishers dwelling in the Chikadubi beel area of Dingaputa haor in Bangladesh.

STUDY OF SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VRAHDHHA GANGA RIVER IN KASGANJ DISTRICT

River water is crucial for every living thing. River water is a natural and vital resource of the freshwater system for all living beings however, human has been using aquatic resources that leads to contamination of water. The modernization and industrialization has affected the water quality. Disposal off industrial waste in water body become a matter of concern that affect the water quality directly or indirectly. Due to changes in water quality, it threatens the aquatic ecosystem most. The impact of household and industrial trash on the river's water quality is the main topic of this study Vrahadhha Ganga. The study is carried out at two sites during different seasons for a year. The sample was obtained, and it was examined using a conventional procedure that took into account variables like temperature, pH, BOD, DO, alkalinity, and ammonia. Keywords : River, Ecosystem, Water quality, Water Pollution