Aquagenic Acrokeratoderma Research Articles

Aquagenic Syringeal Acrokeratoderma: Case Report

Aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma is a rare, acquired and transient type of keratoderma that may occur after a few minutes of exposure to water, usually occurs in adolescents and young female adults and it is characterized by the sudden appearance of translucent papules that converge on the palms and occasionally on the soles, macerated and with accentuation of the finger lines. We present the case of a 36-year-old female, with a history of long evolution of contact dermatitis. She presented a dermatosis characterized by maceration, roughed skin with wrinkling appearance and slight desquamation especially over thenar area after contact with water for a few minutes. After received general skin care, second generation antihistamine drugs, and emollients with 10% urea for a week, she reports improvement of the lesions. Aquagenic acrokeratoderma is a rare disease that can adversely affect the patient's life quality, however the etiology and pathogenesis are not clear; until date, there is no consensus on clinical treatment; for this reason it’s important to identify the cases and report which treatments were effective, and achieve unifying the management of this pathology.

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma due to frequent handwashing during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak.

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma (AK) is a rare, transient type of acquired palmoplantar keratoderma resulting from short‐term contact with water and characterized by white, transparent papules and plaques usually localized in the palmar regions of the hand. The pathogenesis of aquagenic acrokeratoderma is not fully understood and is assumed to be related to an increased salt concentration in the epidermal cells with an increase in the ability of stratum corneum to bind water. This report of patients developing AK following increased frequencies of handwashing in the COVID‐19 Pandemic Outbreak is intended to contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis.

Aquagenic cutaneous disorders

Aquagenic cutaneous disorders, which include aquagenic urticaria, aquagenic pruritus, and aquagenic acrokeratoderma, are a group of rare diseases characterized by skin lesions or discomfort induced by brief contact with water. Aquagenic urticaria is characterized by pruritic wheals that occur at the sites of water contact, either immediately or within minutes, and disappear within 30-60min after water removal. Aquagenic pruritus presents with severe pruritus or a stinging, tingling, or burning sensation without any visible skin changes. These symptoms occur immediately or within minutes after the skin is exposed to water, lasting for one hour or longer. Aquagenic acrokeratoderma usually presents with whitish papules and plaques, edema, and hyperwrinkling within 2-20min after brief exposure to water; symptoms disappear within minutes to one hour after drying. The pathomechanisms of these diseases are not yet fully understood, and their diagnosis is primarily based on clinical features. Treatment remains a challenge. Herein, we review the literature regarding these unusual disorders.

Acquired aquagenic acrokeratoderma: A case series

Acquired aquagenic acrokeratoderma: A case series

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma: case report with no involvement of the palms

International Journal of DermatologyVolume 51, Issue 11 p. 1391-1393 Correspondence Aquagenic acrokeratoderma: case report with no involvement of the palms Qing Xia MD, Qing Xia MD Department of DermatologyFirst Hospital of Changshu1 ShuYuan Street Changshu Jiangsu Province 215500ChinaE-mail: xiaqing6587@sina.comSearch for more papers by this author Qing Xia MD, Qing Xia MD Department of DermatologyFirst Hospital of Changshu1 ShuYuan Street Changshu Jiangsu Province 215500ChinaE-mail: xiaqing6587@sina.comSearch for more papers by this author First published: 16 October 2012 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04803.xCitations: 10Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume51, Issue11November 2012Pages 1391-1393 RelatedInformation

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma: A case with family history and unusual involvements of the palms and soles, and the dorsum of fingers and toes

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma: A case with family history and unusual involvements of the palms and soles, and the dorsum of fingers and toes

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma

Aquagenic acrokeratoderma (AA) is a rare condition with female predilection that occurs after brief water exposure and disappears minutes to an hour after drying. The pathogenesis remains unclear. Four Chinese patients with AA were reported and analyzed. There were 2 males and 2 females (age range: 14-33 years) who presented with a 2-week to more than 10-year history of small white papules coalescing into edematous plaques on the hands; lesions appeared within 5-10 minutes of water exposure, began to regress in 3-20 minutes and disappeared within 5 minutes to one hour after drying. Warm water provoked the lesions more rapidly than cold water. Lesions of a female patient could be triggered by detergent. In another female patient, lesions also involved the feet and were associated with palmoplantar erythema and hyperhidrosis. Biopsy from the lesion of one patient after water exposure revealed hyperkeratosis, mild hypergranulosis, and dilatated eccrine ducts. Biopsy from the lesion of another patient after drying showed normal epidermis and dermis. Two patients were treated with topical formalin 3% in alcohol, and two with 3% potassium aluminium sulfate solution with partial relief without any adverse effects. AA may occur in both males and females and may involve the feet. Warm water triggers the lesions more rapidly than cold. Topical formalin 3% in alcohol and 3% potassium aluminium sulfate solution may be optional therapy.

Familial aquagenic acrokeratoderma: case reports and review of the literature

In recent years, a number of authors have described the development of palmar or palmoplantar keratoderma after brief exposure to water. Herein, we report a father and son with this condition, which we prefer to call aquagenic acrokeratoderma. These cases are interesting because they mark the first documentation of this entity in males. Also, they provide further evidence of familial occurrence.