Research Approach Research Articles

How practising social workers benefit from teaching social work students in university classrooms

ABSTRACT This paper explores the impact on practising social workers who engage in teaching social work students in a university classroom setting. Using a narrative inquiry approach, focus group interviews were conducted with social workers from three London local authorities to understand how teaching opportunities influence their professional development and practice. The findings reveal that classroom interactions, characterized by dialogical engagement and student curiosity, prompt social workers to reflect on and reconsider established social work knowledge and practices. Teaching in a university environment invites practitioners to develop a revised understanding of their professional identity by enhancing self-reflexive opportunities and by freeing up new ways to think about social work. These insights, often cultivated by students asking unanticipated questions, are taken back to the practitioners’ workplace, potentially leading to shifts in their practice with colleagues and service users. The paper concludes that teaching not only benefits students, but also offers practising social workers unique opportunities for continuous professional development, as university classrooms can foster a dynamic, social constructivist approach to learning.

The role of professional judgment in Indian real estate valuation: insights from lending industry experts

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the role of professional judgment in property valuation within India’s lending sector by exploring how different market and cultural factors influence valuation practices.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-methods research approach comprising interviews of 15 highly experienced property valuation professionals to understand nuances of property valuation and find important factors which require their professional judgment, based on which a questionnaire survey is administered to 137 valuers from various parts of India. A relative importance index (RII) analysis and a mixed model ANOVA were then used to evaluate the significance of different factors affecting property valuation.FindingsThe results reveal the factors which require professional judgment of property valuation professionals. Zoning and development plans, legal due diligence, regulatory compliance, real estate regulatory authority and supply–demand dynamics are top five factors. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between less experienced property valuers and their more experienced counterparts.Practical implicationsThe findings reveal important factors which require professional judgment while doing valuation in opaque property markets of India. A study reveals difficulties that valuation teams working for banks and NBFCs face due to challenges and variation in Indian real estate markets. Furthermore, it stresses the need for continuous professional development and adherence to ethical standards among valuation professions.Originality/valueThis research offers an all-inclusive study about the things that influence subjective judgment in Indian property valuation and provides insight into the intricate intertwining of regulatory, market and cultural aspects in the process.

Reviewing the Difficulties International Students Encounter in Their Social and Academic Lives in India

In recent decades, the number of foreign students enrolled in Indian colleges has increased significantly. The All- India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE) (2021–2022) reports that there were around 47,000 international students enrolled in Indian colleges overall in 2021–2022, a 2% decrease from the year before. Of the 170 nations that sent students, Nepal sent the most (29%), followed by Afghanistan (8%), the United States (7%), Bangladesh (5%), the United Arab Emirates (4%), and Bhutan (2%). Approximately 75% of international students are enrolled in undergraduate programs, with business administration, science, engineering, and technology being the most popular disciplines for this demographic. Given the number of international students studying in the India, 15.5% of them are Africans, with the majority hailing from Nigeria, Tanzania Zimbabwe, Lesotho and Sudan. This study aims to investigate how overseas students, particularly African students, perceive the republic of India, which is sometimes referred to as the country of opportunity abroad. Many people think that local Indian company owners who wish to widen their horizons in the world, especially in Africa, can do so through African international students. Using auto-ethnographic research, this study examined the various academic and social difficulties encountered by international students in Indian universities in order to identify potential solutions. In order to identify and classify some of the difficulties faced by international students, this qualitative research approach employed the author's sequential auto ethnographic experience as a research tool. The researcher hopes that the research's conclusions will serve as a manual for future generations of foreign students hoping to study in India.

A semantic notation for comparing global high-resolution coastal flooding studies

IntroductionGlobal coastal flooding maps are now achieving a level of detail suitable for local applications. The resolution of these maps, derived from widely available open data sources, is approaching that of local flooding maps (0.5–100 m), increasing the need for a standardized approach to evaluate underlying assumptions and indicators for local applications.MethodsThis study introduces the Waterlevel, Elevation, Protection, Flood, Impact, Future (WEPFIF) notation, a structured notation for documenting and comparing key methodological choices and data variations across global coastal flooding studies. This approach enhances the understanding and explanation of the fitness-for- purpose of flood maps. This notation builds on commonly used methodological choices, dataset variations, and model approaches in global flooding risk research. Analysis of these workflows identifies common elements and highlights the need for a more structured reporting approach to improve comparability.ResultsApplying the WEPFIF notation to a case study in the Netherlands reveals significant variations in flood risk assessments originating from differences in Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and water level selection, and inclusion of protective infrastructure.DiscussionWEPFIF, by annotating these methodological variations, enables more informed comparisons between local and global flood studies. This allows researchers and practitioners to select appropriate data and models, based on their specific research objectives. The study proposes tailored approaches for three common types of flood studies: raising concern, optimizing flood protection investments, and representing the state of coastal risk.

Application of Youth-Led Participatory Action Research to Examining Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Ontario: What Can We Learn?

Engaging adolescents and young people as partners in research is increasingly acknowledged as a vital strategy to ensure diverse voices are heard and to catalyze social change. This article, coauthored by adolescent and adult researchers, presents the methodological approach and outcomes of a youth-led participatory action research (YPAR) study in which three teams of youth researchers developed and implemented projects examining equity-related factors affecting adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights (ASRHR) in Ontario, Canada. Teams of four assigned-female youth researchers aged 16-19 years were recruited from three priority regions through purposive sampling. Selected youth completed a paid 5-day virtual YPAR training. Each youth team, supported by adult research mentors, identified key ASRHR issues in their region and developed a related research question. Each team then determined their study's design, obtained institutional ethics approval, and conducted data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Based on their findings, teams proposed potential solutions and communicated results to multiple stakeholders. Methodologically, the YPAR process amplified youth voices through a social justice-framed approach to examining ASRHR. Centering the perspectives, values, and experiences of youth positively impacted the youth researchers themselves, while yielding results that were relevant, meaningful, adolescent-responsive, and culturally informed. Results from the youth-led projects identified multiple barriers to accessing sexual and reproductive health services and products. Policy and practice implications encompassed concerns related to geographical accessibility, equity, service provider competence, and content of sexuality education curricula.

Starting a cultural collective for mothers of children with disabilities: A case study

Background: Caring for children with disabilities in Tanzania involves significant challenges, including stigma, limited support and mental health risks. A cultural collective for caretakers of children with disabilities enrolled at a primary school was established to address these issues.Objectives: The study aims to explore the experiences of caregivers who started a cultural collective and to assess its impact on their lives in the short term.Method: This study used a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach with a sequential mixed-methods design. Data were collected over a period of 8 weeks, while the participants in this study established a collective in Dar es Salaam. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s method for thematic analysis.Results: As assessed by a validated and normed questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), 63% of the caregivers showed signs of depression before starting work in the collective. Economic needs, education and the desire for support were the primary motivations for joining. Starting the collective improved social support, fostered agency and began to enhance caregivers’ financial conditions.Conclusion: The collective addressed caregivers’ needs for economic improvement, social support and mental support, and the experience was vitalising for the caretakers.Contribution: This study deepens our understanding of holistic interventions for children with disabilities and their families in urban Africa. It offers valuable insights into a crucial stage of developing contextually relevant interventions for vulnerable, poverty-stricken populations. It provides a model that can be adapted for similar interventions in comparable contexts.

Ali Mustafa Yaqub dan Kontribusinya terhadap Pengembangan Literatur serta Dinamika Hadis di Indonesia

Ali Mustafa Yaqub is a pivotal figure in the development of literature and hadith dynamics in Indonesia. Through his works and ideas, he significantly contributed to hadith studies, both methodologically and substantively. This research aims to examine Ali Mustafa Yaqub's contributions to hadith literature development, discussing hadith dynamics widely accepted as authentic, yet revealed as inauthentic. Focusing on his research and dissemination approaches, this study analyzes the impact on society and academia. The findings indicate that Ali Mustafa Yaqub's contributions extend beyond writing, encompassing deeper hadith understanding education and dissemination among Indonesians.

Utilization of E-money on the Students Impulsive Buying Behavior Among Students in MMCM

This study investigates the influence of E-money usage on impulsive purchasing behavior among Senior High School students, addressing growing concerns about the effects of evolving financial transaction methods. Using a quantitative research approach and correlational analysis, including Spearman’s Rho, the study examines the relationship between E-money usage and impulsive purchasing tendencies. A representative sample of 100 students was selected through random sampling to provide comprehensive insights. The findings reveal a high level of impulsive buying behavior among the respondents. However, the study found no significant differences in E-money utilization across demographic factors such as strand, age, gender, and grade level. These results emphasize the need for personalized financial education interventions aimed at fostering financial responsibility. The study also recommends expanding research on students’ impulsive buying habits to better understand and mitigate these behaviors. In conclusion, promoting healthy financial habits is essential for addressing the potential risks posed by impulsive spending in an increasingly digital economy. Keywords: Impulsive Buying Behavior, Utilization of E-money, Relationship, Senior High School Students

Experts’ knowledge about leisure education and leadership development: Building capacity of youth with physical disabilities in South Africa

Leisure education has an impact not only on individuals but also on the environment and society. The present study aimed to explore and describe experts’ knowledge and experience about leisure education to develop leadership among youth with physical disabilities. The present study used a qualitative research approach through an exploratory design to answer the research question. Five participants were purposefully recruited and selected based on their expertise in the topic of interest. Participants’ expertise ranged from leisure, recreation, youth and leadership. The participants had experience working in higher education institutions, and community projects, held doctorate qualifications, and have over ten years in this field. Data was collected online using Google Meet software using semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions. Data was analyzed using a thematic analysis framework and guidelines. The findings of this study suggest that youth with physical disabilities can develop personal capacity through leisure education programmes. Leisure education programmes can be meaningful to youth with physical disabilities and have a developmental impact, including leadership. Youth with physical disabilities’ capacities and abilities should be nurtured and protected to allow growth and independence. The implications are that leisure education programmes for leadership development must be intentional to achieve the intended outcome.

South Africa’s service delivery in the 4IR era: The need for responsible leadership

Background: It is argued that fourth industrial revolution (4IR) and its technologies need not just ethical leadership but also a more effective kind of leadership known as responsible leadership to be successfully implemented and adopted. Technology has the potential to enhance significantly existing service delivery mechanisms.Aim: This research examines the 4IR through the perspective of responsible leadership of senior managers in public administration, a cornerstone of public sector ethics at the helm of public institutions.Setting: This study focusses on the South African public sector in general with a consideration of a few public services.Methods: A qualitative research approach was used in the study, and the study reviewed the literature on the phenomenon under investigation. The reviewed literature consisted of secondary sources of data such as peer-reviewed articles, information on credible websites, scholarly books, and institutional and technical research reports.Results: This research suggests that leadership that is not responsible among South African administrative officer-bearers is to blame for the country’s chronic service delivery problems. In addition to influencing the job satisfaction of those directly under the leader’s supervision, responsible leadership reflects the authority the leader holds, can reduce unethical behaviour among the major stakeholders and reflects the leader’s moral compass.Conclusion: The study concluded that ineffective leadership among South African government officials is to blame for the country’s chronic service delivery problems.Contribution: This article seeks to contribute to the continuing discussions about the significance of innovation and leadership in the period of the 4IR.

TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM DESA MEMBANGUN DESA SUGI WARAS

This study aims to analyze the challenges, opportunities, and impacts of the implementation of the Village Development Program in Sugi Waras Village. This program is part of the government's initiative to improve the quality of life of rural communities through better social, economic, and infrastructure development. However, its implementation faces significant challenges, such as limited resources, low community participation, and a lack of support and coordination between central, regional and village governments. Nevertheless, there are great opportunities that can be utilized to support the success of this program, including community empowerment by managing natural resources sustainably, as well as the use of information technology that can accelerate communication and transparency between the community and the government The research approach applied in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. This approach was chosen because it can provide an in-depth description of the challenges and opportunities faced in the implementation of the Village Development Program in Sugi Waras Village, as well as the role of the community and government in achieving more inclusive and sustainable development goals. By using this approach, the research is expected to identify factors that influence the success of the program, in terms of available resources, community participation, and relevant government policy support. The results of this study are expected to provide useful suggestions for improving policies and strategies in the implementation of the Village Development Program in the future.

Towards Trustworthy Machine Learning in Production: An Overview of the Robustness in MLOps Approach

Artificial intelligence (AI), and especially its sub-field of Machine Learning (ML), are impacting the daily lives of everyone with their ubiquitous applications. In recent years, AI researchers and practitioners have introduced principles and guidelines to build systems that make reliable and trustworthy decisions. From a practical perspective, conventional ML systems process historical data to extract the features that are consequently used to train ML models that perform the desired task. However, in practice, a fundamental challenge arises when the system needs to be operationalized and deployed to evolve and operate in real-life environments continuously. To address this challenge, Machine Learning Operations (MLOps) have emerged as a potential recipe for standardizing ML solutions in deployment. Although MLOps demonstrated great success in streamlining ML processes, thoroughly defining the specifications of robust MLOps approaches remains of great interest to researchers and practitioners. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the trustworthiness property of MLOps systems. Specifically, we highlight technical practices to achieve robust MLOps systems. In addition, we survey the existing research approaches that address the robustness aspects of ML systems in production. We also review the tools and software available to build MLOps systems and summarize their support to handle the robustness aspects. Finally, we present the open challenges and propose possible future directions and opportunities within this emerging field. The aim of this paper is to provide researchers and practitioners working on practical AI applications with a comprehensive view to adopt robust ML solutions in production environments.

Barriers to advancing the sexual and reproductive health agenda in Latin America: a qualitative study of key informants’ perspectives

BackgroundThe effective attainment of sexual, reproductive, and maternal health and rights (SRMHR) requires a holistic life-course approach. This approach should address disparities in healthcare access and rights, guarantee the delivery of high-quality care devoid of discrimination, and underscore rigorous accountability mechanisms throughout the implementation process. Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries face significant disparities in SRMHR within and between nations. Vulnerable populations, such as indigenous communities, Afro-descendants, LGBTQI + population, persons with disabilities, older adults, and migrants, often endure discrimination and stigmatization, severely impacting their access to healthcare and health rights. This paper presents the findings from the qualitative component of a broader mixed-methods scoping study aimed at establishing a priority research agenda to address healthcare gaps affecting the SRMHR of vulnerable populations. The qualitative component focused on identifying key challenges hindering progress in SRMHR and access to health services for these populations in the LAC region, drawing on the perspectives of key informants at both regional and national levels.MethodsQualitative research approach employing semi-structured interviews with key informants. A purposive sample comprised of stakeholders from relevant regional organizations and local stakeholders in selected countries (Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Guatemala, Jamaica, and Guyana), encompassing government representatives, civil organizations, and academia. A rapid content thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data obtained from the interviews.ResultsWe interviewed 27 key informants in SRMHR, six at a regional level and 21 at a country level. The region faces barriers around establishing and sustaining agency agendas, such as a lack of political will, political instability, and opposition from civil society groups regarding SRMHR agendas. Policy implementation presents difficulties due to insufficient and unstable funding, weaknesses in sexual and reproductive health programs, unequal policy implementation in federal countries, and the absence of evidence-based policies. The lack of high-quality data and quality indicators poses obstacles, leading to limitations in evidence generation. Access to SRMHR services faces barriers such as the low-quality provision of services, discrepancies between legislation and effective access, insufficient healthcare resources, and resistance from certain healthcare providers.ConclusionAddressing these multifaceted challenges will be crucial in advancing the agenda of sexual, reproductive, and maternal health rights and ensuring effective access to health services for the most vulnerable populations in the LAC region.

Chitosan-casein as novel drug delivery system for transferring Phyllanthus emblica to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa

This study investigated the ability of Phyllanthus emblica encapsulated within chitosan-coated casein (CS-casein-Amla) nanoparticles to inhibit the growth of multi-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteria and prevent the formation of biofilms. The MDR strains underwent screening, and the morphological characteristics of the resulting nanoparticles were assessed using SEM, DLS, and FTIR. In addition, the efficacy of encapsulation, stability, and drug release were evaluated. The PpgL, BdlA, and GacA biofilm gene transcription quantities were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. Simultaneously, the nanoparticles were assessed for their antibacterial and cytotoxic effects using the well diffusion and MTT procedures. CS-casein-Amla nanoparticles with a size of 500.73 ± 13 nm, encapsulation efficiency of 76.33 ± 0.81%, and stability for 60 days at 4 °C (Humidity 30%) were created. The biological analysis revealed that CS-casein-Amla nanoparticles exhibited strong antibacterial properties. This was shown by their capacity to markedly reduce the transcription of PpgL, BdlA, and GacA biofilm genes at a statistically significant value of p ≤ 0.01. The nanoparticles demonstrated decreased antibiotic resistance compared to unbound Amla and CS-casein. Compared to Amla, CS-casein-Amla nanoparticles showed very little toxicity against HDF cells at dosages ranging from 1.56 to 100 µg/mL (p ≤ 0.01). The results highlight the potential of CS-casein-Amla nanoparticles as a significant advancement in combating highly resistant P. aeruginosa. The powerful antibacterial properties of CS-casein-Amla nanoparticles against P. aeruginosa MDR strains, which are highly resistant pathogens of great concern, may catalyze the development of novel antibacterial research approaches.

Influence of Manaoag Church in Tourist Motivation towards Religious Tourism

This research delves into the aspects of Religious Tourism. In the Philippines, the abundance of religious sites and activities plays an important role in fostering pilgrimage and enhancing the significance of religious tourism. This study examines the influence of Manaoag Church on tourists’ travel motivation. The primary aim of this study is to know the influence of Manaoag Church on tourist motivation towards Religious Tourism. A descriptive research approach and quantitative method were used for this study. In addition, the researchers conducted a convenience sampling survey with a total of 400 respondents, specifically 400 tourists visiting Manaoag Church. The study adapts the theory of Icek Ajzen – Theory of Planned Behavior and John Crompton – Destination Image Theory. The TPB is utilized to explore the motivations that drive tourists to visit the Manaoag Church, focusing on how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence their intentions. Concurrently, Destination Image Theory is applied to assess how the Manaoag Church influences tourist motivations through beliefs, emotions, and behaviors. Based on the results, the researchers were able to identify the motivation of the tourists to visit Manaoag Church regarding leisure, perceived benefits, perceived risks, family and peer influence, religious community influence, accessibility of religious sites, financial resources, and previous experience. It showed that the majority of the visitors were females who are 21–30 years old, who are Roman Catholic and visited the site 1-3 times per year. It was also revealed that there was no significant difference in the respondents’ assessment of the influence of Manaoag Church in the tourist motivation towards religious tourism when grouped according to frequency of visit in terms of beliefs, emotions, and behavior. In other words, whether a respondent has visited the church once, several times, or more frequently, their assessment of the church’s influence on their motivation remains consistent. This could indicate that Manaoag Church’s role in religious tourism has a universal appeal or significance, transcending the number of visits a person has made.

Nusyūz Suami serta Mekanisme Penyelesaiannya Perspektif Fikih Munākaḥāt

Nusyūz was often associated with women. This stereotype has led to a legal gap, where it is perceived that only women are bound by nusyūz, while men are unfamiliar with the term. In fact, the definition of nusyūz can be applied to both men and women. Therefore, this paper aims to recontextualize the term nusyūz to ensure its implementation in a similar manner. The research method used was qualitative, with a library research approach, focusing on fiqh munākaḥāt (Islamic family law). This study was descriptive in nature. The results of the research conclude that nusyūz has two meanings: (1) the decline in the husband's interest and (2) the neglect of rights. The solution to nusyūz in the context of declining interest is reconciliation (iṣlāh). Meanwhile, nusyūz, in the context of neglecting rights, can include neglect of maintenance (nafkah) and domestic violence. The solution is to report the matter to a judge, which could even lead to divorce. Additionally, nusyūz can occur simultaneously in both the partners. The solution in this case involves two negotiators (ḥakam) representing each spouse to make a decision that is beneficial for both parties.

THE FIRST DECADE OF DEMOCRACY IN NEPAL: CHALLENGES, EXPERIMENTS, AND LESSONS LEARNED

The abolition of the oligarchic Rana regime in 1951 marked a significant turning point in Nepal's history, ushering in a decade of democratic experimentation. This study examines the socio-political developments during Nepal’s first democratic decade (1951–1960), focusing on the challenges, governance issues, and internal dynamics that defined this transformative period. The research explores key events, such as the revolutionary movement against the Rana regime, the Delhi Agreement, and the establishment of democracy by King Tribhuvan. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study utilizes descriptive and analytical methods, relying on secondary data sourced from historical archives, libraries, and personal collections. Analysis reveals that the lack of governance experience among political leaders and internal conflicts within the leading political party of the time undermined the stability and effectiveness of the nascent democratic system. Despite aspirations for progress, the democratic experiment faced significant setbacks, culminating in King Mahendra’s coup and the establishment of the partyless Panchayat system. By critically evaluating the successes and failures of Nepal’s first democratic decade, this study provides insights into the complexities of transitioning from autocracy to democracy and highlights the enduring lessons for Nepal’s political evolution.

Exploring the subjective experience of researchers and co-researchers with lived experience of psychosis high risk states: a qualitative analysis within a participatory research process

BackgroundThe involvement and engagement of people with lived experience is considered increasingly important in health research. A growing corpus of literature on the involvement of people with lived experience of mental health conditions, including people at psychosis high risk states, can be found. This study aims to explore the subjective experience of researchers and co-researchers with lived experience of psychosis high risk states who were involved in a participatory research project.MethodsIn this study with a combined participatory and qualitative research approach, we used a reflexive thematic analysis approach to systematically analyse open reflection reports from researchers and co-researchers with lived experience of psychosis high risk states, who took part in a participatory research project (VOICE). All participants (n = 12) were asked to anonymously write reflection reports on their subjective experience of participatory research. There were no formal or content-related instructions for writing the reflection reports. Reflection reports provided by eight participants were qualitatively analysed.ResultsThree themes were identified from the analysis of the reflection reports. First “When uncertainty becomes a unifying element – reflecting on expectations and roles”. Second “Fostering community growth: creating an environment for collaborative teamwork as well as new and creative directions”. Third “Exploring personal and scientific achievements of the project”. At the outset of the research project, the researchers’ focus was on expectations and reflections on their role within the project, accompanied by a feeling of uncertainty. Subsequently, a sense of community developed within a favourable study framework. Finally, attention focused on research project outcomes and personal achievements within the project.ConclusionThe analysis of the anonymous reflection reports on a participatory research project indicates that there was a positive collaboration between participants with and without lived experience of psychosis high risk states, wherein they were able to interact on an equal footing. Participants reported an experience of equal cooperation and gained relevant personal insights from project participation. Although we do not have clear evidence of experiences of power imbalances or perceived hierarchies based on the analysed reports, these cannot be ruled out and have to be addressed in future research.

Wacana Program Bansos untuk Korban Judi Online dalam Tinjauan Al-Maṣlaḥaḥ Al-Mursalah Perspektif Wahbah Az-Zuḥaili

The Minister of Human Development and Cultural Affairs, Muhadjir Effendy, opened the opportunity for victims of online gambling to be included in Social Welfare Integrated Data (DTKS) so that they could receive social assistance. The victims are family members or close relatives who have been financially harmed by online gambling perpetrators. This programme sparked support and opposition from various circles. The emergence of these differing views is influenced by varying perspectives on assessing the maṣlaḥaḥ (public interest) of the program. Indeed, in the context of Islamic law, maṣlaḥaḥ can be used as a basis for legitimizing something, a method known as al-maṣlaḥaḥ al-mursalah. However, according to Wahbah az-Zuḥaili in Uṣūl al-Fiqh al-Islāmi, the measure of maṣlaḥah is not human logic but the legitimacy of syariat regarding a particular form of maṣlaḥah. According to Wahbah az-Zuḥaili, human reasoning will always differ in assessing maṣlaḥah, as seen in the differing opinions of some scholars regarding the maṣlaḥah of social assistance programs. The aim of this study is to analyze the discourse surrounding the social assistance program for victims of online gambling from the perspective of al-maṣlaḥaḥ al-mursalah, according to Wahbah az-Zuḥaili. To achieve this goal, the research method used was qualitative, with a library research approach. The data collection technique involves reviewing various literature, including classical and contemporary scholars' books, scientific articles, and other relevant sources. The results of this study indicate that this program is in line with the standards of the concept of al-maṣlaḥaḥ al-mursalah, as outlined by Wahbah az-Zuḥaili.

Barriers and supports for Indigenous youth and young adults with childhood- onset chronic health conditions transitioning from pediatric to adult healthcare: a qualitative study

BackgroundThis study examined the experiences of Indigenous youth and young adults with pediatric onset chronic health conditions who had or were about to transition from pediatric to adult healthcare services. Transition is the process by which youth develop the knowledge and self-management skills needed to manage their health condition, ideally beginning around age 12–13 and continuing until the mid-20s. There is a growing body of literature on healthcare transition, but there is an absence of literature on Indigenous youth, who face additional barriers to accessing healthcare relative to non-Indigenous Canadians. The primary objective of this study was to identify the supports and barriers for Indigenous youth with childhood-onset chronic health conditions transitioning from pediatric to adult healthcare services.MethodsThe research was done in the province of Alberta, Canada, in collaboration with a Community Advisory Committee comprised of Indigenous healthcare providers, Elders and Knowledge Keepers and guided by a community-based participatory research approach. Semi-structured qualitative interviews (n = 46) were conducted with Indigenous youth, caregivers, and healthcare providers. There were three Talking Circles, two for youth (9 participants) and one for caregivers (6 participants). Three research assistants coded the transcripts thematically using NVivo. The key findings were presented to the Community Advisory Committee for feedback to validate the interpretation of the qualitative data.ResultsThe thematic findings include: (1) systemic inequalities exacerbate gaps in healthcare; (2) intergenerational trauma created unique barriers for Indigenous youth; (3) long-term relationships with care providers as a protective factor; (4) the incorporation of Indigenous worldviews into healthcare services to aid transition; and (5) assuming new responsibilities as an adult. The participants provided recommendations to improve healthcare service delivery including the need for Indigenous transition supports in community and improving education for healthcare practitioners about transition and Indigenous worldviews.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the complexity of the transition experience for Indigenous youth with pediatric onset chronic health conditions. The identified barriers to successful transition could be addressed through systems level changes and the development of Indigenous specific transition support services. Such approaches need to be Indigenous-led and incorporate Indigenous culture, language, and teachings.