Critical Discourse Analysis Approach Research Articles

A MAN IN ROMANCE: THE PORTRAYAL OF THE MALE PROTAGONIST IN NETFLIX’S SERIES “BRIDGERTON” SEASON 1 (2020)

Gender research in the media focuses more on the representation of women and neglects that of men (Brooks & Hébert, 2006; Kimmel et al., 2004). Little research has been conducted to examine the representation of men’s psychological aspects, such as feelings, affection and personality. This paper analyzes Netflix's series Bridgerton Season 1 using a critical discourse analysis approach, to explore how the male protagonist is portrayed visually and linguistically in romance. The findings reveal that while the male protagonist is portrayed as having vulnerabilities and insecurities in love and marriage, he is ultimately depicted with stereotypical masculine traits associated with patriarchal power. Although this depiction of the male protagonist may encourage the audience to embrace the multiplicity of masculinity, it could reinforce male gender norms and raise harmful social expectations on men.

INSIDEN PENURUNAN BANNER PEOPLE’S JUSTICE DI DOCUMENTA FIFTEEN DAN PERINTANG KOMUNIKASI ANTARBUDAYA

On 20 June 2022, Indonesian artists and art observers were shocked by the news that Taring Padi’s banner artwork entitled People’s Justice exhibited at Documenta Fifteen was interpreted by protesters as containing anti-Semitic elements. Taring Padi explained that his work was based on Indonesia’s political landscape during the New Order regime and had nothing to do with anti-Semitism. However, the banner was eventually dismantled on 21 June 2022. This brought up several interesting research questions pertaining to the chronological account of the incident, the causes of the incident, and actions that should have been taken by Taring Padi as a cultural agent. This research applied the qualitative method with critical discourse analysis approach. Results found that the incident occurred because of two main reasons. Firstly, the protesters were unwilling to ask the artist for any clarification and explanation. Secondly, Taring Padi was ignorant about elements which could be considered anti-Semitic because the concept is not particularly well-known in Indonesia. People’s Justice could actually serve as a medium for initiating dialogues between fellow artists and their audience. However, this work has potential drawbacks because it contains potentially misunderstood antagonism that narrows the interpretive space. This incident could have been prevented if the artist had provided sufficient room for dialogic interpretation and if the audience had been more open-minded, through which discursive encounters can be held to understand each other’s cultural and societal problems.

Hybridity and Paradox: The Cultural Bridge of Gen Z (A Critical Multimodal Discourse Analysis on the X Account @Aniesbubble)

Social media, such as Twitter, enable immediate and delayed interaction with a wide audience. Online personas of political figures, such as the X account @aniesbubble, are in the spotlight in the 2024 election campaign, especially in attracting the attention of potential young voters in Indonesia. This research aims to ana-lyze the critical multimodal discourse on X @aniesbubble account in the context of the 2024 election political campaign. The main focus is to understand how multimodal ele-ments are used to shape opinions and interactions with audiences, as well as the implica-tions of using this strategy in cultural and political contexts. This research uses a qualita-tive method with a multimodal critical discourse analysis approach. The main data was taken from the X @aniesbubble account in the time period before the general election until the determination of the election winner. The analysis was conducted based on Norman Fairclough's theory, which includes three levels of analysis: text, discursive practice and social praxis. Additional data was obtained from relevant books, news articles, and journal articles. The research found that the @aniesbubble X account succeeded in creating an authentic and attractive political persona for the younger generation through the use of glocalization and cultural hybridity strategies. The account also demonstrates the dynamic interaction between global and local influences, and is able to convert social capital into economic capital through the active participation of fans. The findings suggest that social media plays an important role in shaping political and cultural narratives.

Dissecting Gender Bias: Critical Discourse Analysis of Advertisements in Indonesia

This research aims to identify gender equality issues by deconstructing the meaning of gender equality in advertisements from a feminist perspective through Critical Discourse Analysis. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research design with a Critical Discourse Analysis approach developed by Fairclough, which focuses on three main dimensions: textual dimension (microstructural), text production practice dimension (mesostructural), and socio-cultural practice dimension (macrostructural). Research data were obtained through interviews with informants as well as from advertisements related to gender equality aired on YouTube. Data collection techniques include interviews and the method of free listening and listening (SBLC) with note-taking techniques. The data collected was then analyzed using triangulation and deconstruction methods to reveal the ideology contained in the ad text and compare it with the informants' views. The results of this study show that societal norms often undermine women's abilities and limit women's roles to the domestic domain or as companions to their husbands. This research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the meaning of gender equality in advertising media and help build a new perspective that is more inclusive and acceptable to society in Indonesia. The phenomenon of gender equality remains a challenge in many countries, including Pakistan and Nigeria, although the approaches and responses to this inequality differ in each country. In Pakistan, gender representations in media and advertising tend to reinforce traditional stereotypes, while in Nigeria, women are more active in fighting inequality through platforms such as blogs, which are used to criticize patriarchy and fight for social change. Deconstructing meaning in advertising allows researchers and academics to critically evaluate whether gender equality always places men in a dominant position over women, thus opening space for deeper analysis and more equitable solutions.

National Identity and Mixed-Race Public Figures: A Critical Discourse Analysis Study

The identity and nationalism of mixed-race individuals are frequently questioned. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize the national identity of Bryan Domani, Cinta Laura, and Aurelie Moeremans as mixed-race public figures using the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. A descriptive qualitative method was used to interpret this data, wherein the researcher analyzed podcast interviews and examined Instagram posts. This study’s synthesis is divided into the background context of adapting their language skills, evaluating their cultural acceptance, and analyzing their preference for Indonesia. As a result, they experience difficulties with Indonesian proficiency due to their foreign-sounding accent. Additionally, they also demonstrate their national identity through their contribution to Indonesia.

The Covid-19 pandemic in Greece through the lens of methodological synergy: Combining corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis approaches

The Covid-19 pandemic in Greece through the lens of methodological synergy: Combining corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis approaches

Kritik Pemerintah Pada Lagu “Gugatan Rakyat Semesta” Karya Feast (Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Norman Fairclough)

This research aims to examine the role of songs as a tool of criticism against the government, focusing on "Gugatan Rakyat Semesta" which calls for scrutiny of governance. The study employs Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach with textual, discursive, and sociocultural analyses to understand how the song reflects socio-political dynamics in Indonesia. At the textual level, the research indicates that the song explicitly or implicitly urges people to challenge the government. Discursively, there is a correlation between the release of the song and student demonstrations. Sociocultural analysis reveals that the song's release is influenced by social tensions arising from economic decline, unemployment, corruption, discourse on election postponement, and others. This research is expected to contribute to understanding how musical artworks, particularly songs, can serve as tools of critique in the Indonesian socio-political context.

Analisis Teks pada Buku Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X Terbitan Kemdikbud Edisi Revisi Tahun 2017

This study aims to conduct a text analysis on Indonesian language textbooks in Grade X by focusing on (1) Language Use in Indonesian Language Textbooks in Grade X, (2) Conformity of Indonesian Language Textbooks in Grade X to the 2013 Curriculum, (3) Conformity of Indonesian Language Textbook Discourse to Strengthening Character Education for Grade X Students, (4) Impact of Indonesian Language Textbooks on Learning for Grade X Students. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative research method with critical discourse analysis approach. The subject of this research is the Indonesian Language textbook Grade X for SMA/SMK, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture in the 2017 revised edition. The results showed that from (1) language use, (2) conformity with the 2013 curriculum, (3) conformity of discourse with strengthening character education, (4) the impact of textbooks on student learning is included in the good category, feasible, and in accordance with the level of understanding of students. In accordance with these findings, it is expected that the government and teachers should work together to develop and improve the quality of Indonesian language learning books to make them more interesting in accordance with the times, relevant, easy for students to understand

Mistrust: conservative rhetoric in the Oireachtas 2018 abortion debates

ABSTRACT In 2018, the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution of Ireland, which had prohibited abortion except under certain severe circumstances, was repealed by an overwhelming majority of voters in a national referendum. This article addresses opposition in the Oireachtas to the liberal changes to the abortion legislation that preceded and followed the referendum. By employing a critical discourse analysis approach, I identify characteristically conservative rhetoric and arguments used in the debates. Furthermore, I adopt an analytical framework provided by Albert O. Hirschman to argue that the opposing rhetoric employed wasrooted in the conservative tradition: the opponents of the abortion legislation argued both that the changes to the legislation will have the opposite result than intended and lead to unacceptable consequences. The legislation will not only harm society but also undermine the interests of women. I conclude that the opposition to the legislation was based on a mistrust of women, their agency and self-determination. The study aims to shed light on how core ideas of conservatism, such as opposition to ‘excessive’ equality, manifested in the contemporary political debates on abortion and how, ultimately, the rhetoric in the Irish debates fits within the larger framework of conservatism as a school of thought.

The Extent of Gender Sensitivity in the Language of the Discussion Papers Produced by King Abdullah II ibn Al-Hussein: A Critical Discourse Analysis

This study investigates the extent of gender sensitivity in the language of the Seven Discussion Papers (DPs) produced by Jordan’s King Abdullah II ibn Al Hussein (KAII). The DPs came as a series of papers directed to Jordanians to lay down the KAII’s vision of achieving a comprehensive reform in Jordan. In this study, gender sensitivity is determined by the extent to which men and women are addressed equally in the language of the DPs. The study employs the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. In implementing the qualitative content analysis methodology, the findings show that KAII employed several linguistic strategies that were instrumental in producing a highly gender-sensitive language. These are the strategy of referring to both men and women simultaneously, the strategy of using inclusive terms, the strategy of using gender-neutral terms, and the strategy of using examples including both men and women. a gender perspective, the study found that the language used in the DPs differs from that used in the prevailing political discourse. The findings imply that Arabic, which is generally labelled as a gendered language, can be gender-sensitive if its users have the right attitudes and the right linguistic strategies to change the existing prevailing norms.

Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough Pernyataan Megawati: “Pak Jokowi Kalau nggak Ada PDI Perjuangan duh Kasihan dah”

Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (PDIP) held its 50th Anniversary celebration on January 10, 2023. During the celebration, Megawati as the Chairperson of the party mentioned, "Mr. Jokowi, if there is no PDI Perjuangan, I'm sorry,". The statement received applause from the audience at JIEXPO Kemayoran. The video of Megawati's statement was uploaded again by KompasTV through the Youtube channel and received various responses. This research uses a qualitative research method with a critical discourse analysis approach of the Norman Fairclough model. The purpose of this research is to dissect discourse in three dimensions, namely textual, discourse practices, and sociocultural practices. Textually, the use of linguistic elements in the form of diction and majas is found. The dimension of discourse practice can be seen from the parties involved in making the video from KompasTV media through the Youtube channel. The level of consumption of this discourse is not only consumed by subscribers, but the wider netizen can access the information and provide comments. The sociocultural dimension is divided into three, namely situational, institutional, and social. Situational saw the situation when Megawati's 50th anniversary of PDIP received a response of applause when delivering the discourse. Institutional shows that PDIP's vote share has decreased in the 2024 elections. Then the social level in the discourse consists of cultural and political elements.

Mediapolitical Discourse: Concepts and Framework

Introduction. The article presents the results of the review of scientific works on discourse theory, reflecting the stages of evolution of media-political discourse in Russian linguistics. The aim of the article is to summarize, systematize and analyze approaches to the study of media-political discourse and concepts of its comprehension. Such concepts as media discourse, media text, media linguistics, and political discourse are considered.Methodology and sources. The article is prepared in the context of the cognitive-discursive paradigm, functional approach to discourse analysis, and media linguistics. In accordance with the postulates of critical discourse analysis, media-political discourse is considered as a constitutive of social practice. The main research method is an analytical scientific review of works on discourse theory.Results and discussion. In the course of the review of works on media and political discourse the main approaches to the understanding and research of media-political discourse are highlighted. The boundaries of this type of discourse as one of the areas of modern discourse theory are outlined. The concepts of scientific cognition that conditioned the formation of media-political discourse are identified. A review of works on related types of discourse at the previous stages of scientific thought is given. Internet discourse is viewed as an alternative source of political information. The article emphasizes the elements of language of enmity and the binary opposition “us/them” in the media-political discourse.Conclusion. The paper reveals a tendency to merge media discourse and political discourse within the framework of media-political discourse in modern linguistics. Among the key approaches to the study of media-political discourse the following approaches are identified: cratological, structural-communicative and media-technological ones; when analyzing the blogosphere it is advisable to refer to critical discourse analysis, structuralfunctional and comparative approaches. The most promising areas of the research include the identification of the essential characteristics of media-political discourse, and the development of genre stratification of this type of discourse.

Construction of Gender Equality in Arab News Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis

Women in Arabia are often seen as subjects who need liberation from the constraints of patriarchal culture. Based on a report released by the United Nation in 2020, Saudi Arabia has big challenges in terms of women's empowerment and gender equality. The subject of limited space for women in Arabia has been extensively examined in earlier works from social and political science perspectives. However, there has been a lack of research on this topic from a linguistic viewpoint, particularly in the field of critical discourse analysis. This study aims to examine how Arab media portrays gender equality in the context of reporting on Arab government policy concerning women's rights. This research uses a critical discourse analysis approach initiated by Fairclough (1995) and a transitivity system approach introduced by Halliday (2014). This study discovered that the Arab media perceives Saudi Arabia's policy change on women's rights in a positive light. It is depicted as a demonstration of gender equality, a representation of the women's liberation movement, and a significant advancement that will propel Arab nations forward. In this particular instance, it pertains to the advancement of gender equality, which is being achieved through the implementation of policy reforms by the Saudi Arabian government with regards to women's rights. The reporting that is carried out can be a tool to guide public opinion, in this case, what is being constructed is gender equality which is realized through the Saudi Arabian government's policy reforms regarding women's rights.

Representation of social actors in The Straits Times and The Independent Singapore: A comparative critical discourse analysis of the repeal of Section 377A in Singapore

Section 377A was a decades-old law introduced in Singapore in 1938, which had made sexual intimacy between gay men, even when consensual, punishable by a maximum sentence of two years in prison. In Aug 2022, in what many considered as a historic moment in Singapore, the Prime Minister announced its repeal. Following the announcement, several related news articles were published by the news outlets The Straits Times and The Independent Singapore. This study, therefore, sets out to undertake a critical discourse analysis of these news articles, focusing on the representation of two groups of social actors, namely the Singapore government and gay people. Guided by a framework that constitutes the theoretical approach of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), Fairclough, Van Dijk and Wodak’s perspectives on power relations as discursive, as well as Van Leeuwen's theories on discourse construction and representations of social actors, the analysis of the textual data reveals distinct patterns in how the Singapore government and gay people are represented. In an area where there is little comparative critical discourse research on how more powerful groups and less powerful groups are represented in news coverage following significant legal and sociopolitical changes in a society, this article aims to deepen readers’ understanding of such discursive patterns and foster media literacy, thereby attaining the practical result of pointing readers in the direction of change – a desired outcome that CDA seeks through its research.

Active listening, shared decision-making and participation in care among older women and primary care nurses: a critical discourse analysis approach from a gender perspective

BackgroundNursing care for older women represent a challenge worldwide due to its characteristics. When communication is impaired between primary care nurses and older women living alone, an imbalance in power relations occurs. The main objective of this study is to analyse the power relations between older women and primary care nurses in situations of active listening, shared decision-making and participation in care.MethodsWe developed a qualitative study in southern Spain using a discursive and gender approach. We used purposeful sampling to interview older women who lived alone and received home nursing care. Simultaneously, we conducted focus groups with primary care nurses who provided home care to older women. A linguistic analysis of the transcripts was carried out.ResultsNine semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with older women who lived alone and two face-to-face focus groups with four primary care nurses in each. The discourse of the participants demonstrated an imbalance in power relations. Influenced by work overload, active listening was considered a privilege in primary care nurses´ discourse. Regarding shared decision-making, older women´s discourses revealed “mirages” of real situations where they thought they were deciding. Participation in care was difficult since older women saw themselves as a nuisance in nurses´ presence, and primary care nurses did not facilitate older women’s engagement. Older women weren´t considered when organising home visits and had interiorised a subordinated feeling. Similarly, a strict sense of identity made primary care nurses feel powerful in their relationships with older women.ConclusionsThe discourse of older women represented them as victims of a hostile panorama whilst they were sometimes satisfied with the deficient care received. The discourse of primary care nurses used more discursive strategies to represent themselves as professionals committed to caring. However, it also revealed deficiencies in care, discriminatory elements, and feelings of being limited by their working conditions. Active listening to older women and engagement in decision-making readjust empower the older women. Attending to the needs and concerns of primary care nurses could recalibrate the power imbalance between them and healthcare organisations.

Religious othering in Nigeria’s electoral discourse: Towards a critical religious tolerance

Religion is a main characteristic of Nigerian identity and influences the algorithm of its public life. The study explores online religious othering in Nigeria’s electoral discourse. The study utilises a critical discourse analytic approach and examines a dataset of over 14,000 Facebook comments from Nigerians from different religious groups. The analysis revealed that religious othering in the electoral discourse was indexed using three major strategies, namely: demonisation, ingroup ostracisation and stereotyping. The study demonstrates, among others, an emergent intra-religious discord in the online electoral discourse, mainly among the Christian group. Members who displayed favouritism to an outgroup cause, in this case, the Muslim-Muslim presidential ticket, are framed as Other. They are denied the membership of being a Christian. The study concludes with imperative advocacy for the cultivation of critical religious tolerance, a model and practice for engendering a respectful and inclusive political environment beyond religious affiliations.

Makna “Pacaran Syar’i” pada Film Cinta Subuh

Many discourses in social life are found, one of which is the discourse of "syar'i dating". The word "pacaran syari" has become an increasingly interesting topic of conversation in the context of modern Indonesian pop culture, especially for films in Indonesia, one of which is the religious film "Cinta Subuh". This study aims to determine the meaning of "syar'i courtship" shown in the film "Cinta Subuh," which focuses on how this discourse is portrayed in narrative, characters, and dialogue. This type of research is qualitative research, through Teun Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach. The findings of this study provide an understanding that the meaning of "sharia dating" in films affects viewers' perceptions of romantic relationships. The study also found that narrative, characters, and dialogue exist in the meaning of "syar'i courtship". This research is expected to contribute in understanding how film becomes a medium in designing, reflecting, and influencing people's views on other terms or meanings in the context of modern Indonesian pop culture.

Wacana Kelompok Agama Marginal Eks Syiah Sampang dalam Media Lokal Madura

This article examines local cyber media coverage in Madura about the ex-Shiite group in Sampang. Although Indonesia guarantees freedom of religion, religion-based conflicts still occur, especially the marginalization of minority groups. Through the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, this research explores how the media discourses on the ex-Sampang Shia and shapes people's perceptions. The research highlights that the media not only reflects, but also shapes social structures through language and narrative choices. The results show the power of majoritarianism ideology and the role of the media in perpetuating social conflict. The research emphasizes the need for independent and ethical media in promoting dialogue, tolerance and social inclusion.

Indigenous climate justice in Aotearoa New Zealand: the dangers of (mis)recognition within climate policymaking

This paper explores Indigenous climate justice in the settler-colonial context of Aotearoa New Zealand. We adopt the interdisciplinary approach of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine the extent to which Māori knowledge systems (mātauranga Māori) and Māori status as Treaty partners with the Crown (New Zealand Government) were recognised included in New Zealand’s Zero Carbon Act (ZCA). Through our exploration we reflect on and explore Māori experiences of climate injustice through lack of recognition or misrecognition. CDA helps to identify whose voices dominated the ZCA process, revealing unequal power relations between stakeholder groups, the Crown, and Māori. By analysing policy documents, long-form submissions from Māori, and interviews with Māori we shed light on the power dynamics which shaped the ZCA process and the implicit assumptions regarding Māori participation in climate policy decision-making. The misrepresentation of Māori as stakeholders rather than treaty partners perpetuates historical legacies of colonization. By applying CDA within the context of climate justice, we highlight tensions between Māori aspirations for partnership and the actual treatment of Māori as stakeholders rather than Treaty partners. By closely examining the narratives surrounding the formation of the ZCA, CDA reveals the ways in which Māori voices are side-lined, their aspirations and concerns dismissed, their Indigenous knowledge systems (mātauranga-a-iwi and mātauranga-a-hapu) marginalized, and their rights to retain their tino rangatiratanga (sovereignty) violated.

Michel Foucault's Critical Discourse Analysis of Controversy News in Islamic Boarding Schools

This research aims to analyze the construction of power and knowledge within the polemics that occurred at Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding Schools. The study adopts a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach, utilizing the framework of Michel Foucault's thinking. The primary data source for this research consists of news coverage published by Kompas.com, a leading news website in Indonesia. The collected news articles underwent a rigorous qualitative analysis process guided by the principles of critical discourse analysis and Michel Foucault's framework. Research shows that differences in interpretation and understanding of religious teachings cause controversies in Islamic boarding schools. The construction of power and knowledge in Islamic boarding schools plays a vital role in shaping the views and actions of individuals and the wider community. Islamic boarding schools have authority in interpreting and teaching religious teachings to students, and this includes a hierarchical structure in leadership, decisions taken by kyai or caregivers, and control over the religious knowledge conveyed to students. This research provides a deeper understanding of power, knowledge, and resistance dynamics within the context of polemics. From Michel Foucault's perspective, critical discourse analysis offers a critical view of the relationship between power, knowledge, and discourse in society.