Application Of Technological Advances Research Articles

Do intangible factors enhance sociocultural productivity and economy in world heritage sites?

Measuring the sociocultural productivity of heritage sites remains an ongoing issue for international organizations concerned with the conservation and promotion of traditional sites. The productivity of these locations is not only affected by tangible elements but also by intangible factors, such as the emotions generated by the experiences. For this purpose, 597 employees of hotels in these historical locations who had visited one of the 14 heritage sites in Spain assessed what role emotions play in this contribution. The methodology used was the application of structural equations. Several conclusions have been drawn utilizing the SmartPLS 4 software. The first is that the generation of positive emotions comes exclusively from cultural and historical dynamization and not from technological advances or an eagerness to learn. The second is that both the application of technological advances and cultural dynamization have a direct impact on productivity.

Use of Sensors for Fall Prediction in Older Persons: A Scoping Review.

The application of technological advances and clear articulation of how they improve patient outcomes are not always well described in the literature. Our research team investigated the numerous ways to measure conditions and behaviors that precede patient events and could signal an important change in health through a scoping review. We searched for evidence of technology use in fall prediction in the population of older adults in any setting. The research question was described in the population-concept-context format: "What types of sensors are being used in the prediction of falls in older persons?" The purpose was to examine the numerous ways to obtain continuous measurement of conditions and behaviors that precede falls. This area of interest may be termed emerging knowledge. Implications for research include increased attention to human-centered design, need for robust research trials that clearly articulate study design and outcomes, larger sample sizes and randomization of subjects, consistent oversight of institutional review board processes, and elucidation of the human costs and benefits to health and science.

Attendance System Implementation Existing Android Platform Using React Native Framework

In a school that has hundreds of students, the attendance system or attendance recording is a problem in terms of practicality and data capture. Especially during a pandemic like this, learning is carried out online or in a network, commonly called distance learning (PJJ). Currently, various applications of technological advances have been created and begun to replace conventional systems. One of them is an Android-based attendance application system. The purpose of this study is to analyze and design an application that can help manage attendance data more easily and accurately. System modeling uses Unified Modelling Language (UML) to describe visually, then implemented with PHP and JavaScript programming languages, React Native Framework, and MySQL database as a database. With the mobile-based attendance system, it can make it easier for teachers to conduct attendance effectively and efficiently.

Environment to embryo: intersections of contaminant exposure and preimplantation embryo development in agricultural animals†.

Environmental impacts on reproductive function are well documented in humans, yet little information is known about the effects on large animals. The interface of environment and reproduction has evolved prudently with a concerted effort to ensure global food sustainability tightly integrated with the application of technological advances in agriculture production that include nutrient and resource management. Exposure to environmental toxicants through chemical pesticide application and industry practices has coincided with a decline in cattle and human fertility. The increased adoption of agriculture animals for human biomedical models further emphasizes the importance of understanding the consequences of livestock exposure to environmentally and physiologically relevant levels of contaminants to preimplantation embryo development. In addition, increased awareness of paternal contributions to the early embryo that include both genetic and nongenetic factors supports the need to define environmental interactions from gamete to genome. Herein we summarize current knowledge of common environmental contaminants on reproductive function including direct and indirect effects on embryo development success in livestock. Information obtained from a diverse number of species including humans is presented to illustrate gaps in knowledge within livestock directly pertaining to agriculture success, sustainability, clinical practice, and biomedical research.

MO1042: Challenges of Diagnosing and Treating Urinary Tract Infection Throuh the Centuries

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Numerous epidemiological studies indicate the great importance of diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections. Whether they are treated by urology specialists as provided by international guides while clinical practice is provided, or they are treated by nephrologists as practiced in Serbia, the end result is bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Patients often request from doctors for “natural” nonpharmacological drugs, especially when it comes to treating uranium infection and calculosis. Therefore, the aim of our work is to investigate the ways of diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections, hematuria and calculosis in the past. METHOD Numerous resources, including MEDLINE, books, magazines, encyclopedias and data bases, were used to collect the information described in this paper. RESULTS The first written records made 6000 years ago about the visual observation of the color and appearance of urine by uroscopy date from Babylon. Painful urination and blood in the urine has been associated with Egyptians in the past, although they attached great importance to hygiene. Since ancient Egypt hematuria has been attributed to schistosoma hematobium today known as schistosomiasis. The eggs of this parasite were found in the urinary tract of a mummy dating from 1189 BC. Later Egyptian medical papers from 1550 BC describe calculosis, cystitis and urinary frequency in people who have been in contact with contaminated water. In 1798, French doctors from the time of Napoleon described Egypt as the only country in which men menstruate. Although only described about 86 plants belonging to 43 species in southeastern Serbia, there are few records on how to treat hematuria, urinary tract infections and calculosis. Herbal medicine in Serbia is recorded in the oldest document from the 14th century (The Hodoch Codex) and the 16th century (The Chilandar Medicinal Codex). The health book “Pelagic's Folk's Teacher” was published in 1879 by Vasa Pelagic. He published folk healing experiences for the first time on over 900 pages and thus gained great popularity. Most of the information was collected by University Professor Dr. Jovan Tucakov, who in his book “Herbal Therapy,” first published in 1973, described the use of herbs to treat various diseases, including urinary tract infections. Almost every family in Serbia owns these books and changes their therapy together with conventional medicines. However, little attention is paid to the side effects of such combinations and the importance of the consequences of the length of treatment. CONCLUSION Today, treating a urinary tract infection is a major challenge due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Knowledge that the culture and social habits of the people are one of the important contexts for improving health care and health education of people and not just the application of technological advances.

Health economic evidence for the use of molecular biomarker tests in hematological malignancies: A systematic review.

ObjectivesMolecular biomarker tests can inform the clinical management of genomic heterogeneous hematological malignancies, yet their availability in routine care largely depends on the supporting health economic evidence. This study aims to systematically review the economic evidence for recent molecular biomarker tests in hematological malignancies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in five electronic databases for studies published between January 2010 and October 2020. Publications were independently screened by two reviewers. Clinical study characteristics, economic methodology, and results were extracted, and reporting quality was assessed.ResultsFourteen studies were identified, of which half (n = 7; 50%) were full economic evaluations examining both health and economic outcomes. Studies were predominantly conducted in a first‐line treatment setting (n = 7; 50%) and adopted a non‐lifetime time horizon to measure health outcomes and costs (n = 7; 50%). Five studies reported that companion diagnostics for associated therapies were likely cost‐effective for acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Four studies suggested molecular biomarker tests for treatment monitoring in chronic myeloid leukemia were likely cost‐saving.ConclusionsAlthough there is initial confirmation of the promising health economic results, the present research for molecular biomarker tests in hematological malignancies is sparse with many applications of technological advances yet to be evaluated.

The Vegetable and Flower Production in the Central Highlands of Vietnam: Current Status and Perspective Strategies

Despite significant contributions of vegetable and flower production to the improvement of the livelihoods of household producers in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, several challenges facing the development of this sector require a general evaluation. This study aimed at assessing the current situation and economic efficiency of flowers and vegetables and analyzing the application of production techniques on the cultivation of these crops. Based on secondary data sources combined with a primary survey of 144 vegetable farmers and 74 flower growers in all five provinces (Lam Dong, Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Kon Tum, and Gia Lai) of the area in 2018, descriptive statistics and economic values were applied to provide an overview of the development of vegetable and flower production of the region. Findings showed that there were large differences in yields and economic efficiencies of vegetables and flowers among the five provinces of the Central Highlands. Accordingly, the yields and economic efficiencies of vegetables and flowers in Lam Dong were two to five times higher than those in other provinces (Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Kon Tum, and Gia Lai). In addition, the applications of technological advances in vegetable and flower production remained limited. Major challenges for flower and vegetable development included the lack of irrigation water, weak capabilities of building flower and vegetable brands, and limitations in market access. Solutions to improve production technology implications, develop brands of high-quality products, and raise the ability to access market for all vegetable and flower stakeholders are highly recommended.

Cell Type-Specific Expression Analysis of the Inner Ear: A Technical Report.

The cellular diversity of the inner ear has presented a technical challenge in obtaining molecular insight into its development and function. The application of technological advancements in cell type-specific expression enable clinicians and researchers to leap forward from classic genetics to obtaining mechanistic understanding of congenital and acquired hearing loss. This understanding is essential for development of therapeutics to prevent and reverse diseases of the inner ear, including hearing loss. The objective of this study is to describe and compare the available tools for cell type-specific analysis of the ear, as a means to support decision making in study design. Three major approaches for cell type-specific analysis of the ear including fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), ribosomal and RNA pulldown techniques, and single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) are compared and contrasted using both published and original data. We demonstrate the strength and weaknesses of these approaches leading to the inevitable conclusion that to maximize the utility of these approaches, it is important to match the experimental approach with the tissue of origin, cell type of interest, and the biological question. Often, a combined approach (eg, cell sorting and scRNA-seq or expression analysis using 2 separate approaches) is required. Finally, new tools for visualization and analysis of complex expression data, such as the gEAR platform (umgear.org), collate cell type-specific gene expression from the ear field and provide unprecedented access to both clinicians and researchers. N/A Laryngoscope, 131:S1-S16, 2021.

Applying integrated video assisted learning approaches for medical clerkship - potential adaptations in the post-COVID-19 era.

Lockdowns and social distancing measures due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have forced the delivery and assessment of educational material to be performed via online and virtual educational tools. Such disruption has greatly affected hands-on training programs essential to acquire clinical competencies, particularly modes requiring physical patient encounters. While most educational content has successfully been shifted to predominantly web-conferencing platforms, the essential clinical teaching at affiliated hospitals for undergraduate medicine clerkship years has been severely disrupted due to barring of students from hospital premises to minimise spread of COVID-19, presenting a problem requiring unique solutions to ensure that quality of education and subsequent healthcare is kept sufficiently high. To this degree, technological advances increasingly present several elegant solutions which may provide the required levels of educational delivery. In this article, we briefly discuss the number of options that could be deployed to aid in acquisition of requisite skills during the clerkship years, with a focus on wearable technologies and video recording/broadcasting. Given the ongoing pandemic, application of technological advances could provide, with some global coordination, the medical education community with numerous proactive solutions rather than just educational luxuries or novelties.

TwinsUK: The UK Adult Twin Registry Update.

TwinsUK is the largest cohort of community-dwelling adult twins in the UK. The registry comprises over 14,000 volunteer twins (14,838 including mixed, single and triplets); it is predominantly female (82%) and middle-aged (mean age 59). In addition, over 1800 parents and siblings of twins are registered volunteers. During the last 27 years, TwinsUK has collected numerous questionnaire responses, physical/cognitive measures and biological measures on over 8500 subjects. Data were collected alongside four comprehensive phenotyping clinical visits to the Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London. Such collection methods have resulted in very detailed longitudinal clinical, biochemical, behavioral, dietary and socioeconomic cohort characterization; it provides a multidisciplinary platform for the study of complex disease during the adult life course, including the process of healthy aging. The major strength of TwinsUK is the availability of several 'omic' technologies for a range of sample types from participants, which includes genomewide scans of single-nucleotide variants, next-generation sequencing, metabolomic profiles, microbiomics, exome sequencing, epigenetic markers, gene expression arrays, RNA sequencing and telomere length measures. TwinsUK facilitates and actively encourages sharing the 'TwinsUK' resource with the scientific community - interested researchers may request data via the TwinsUK website (http://twinsuk.ac.uk/resources-for-researchers/access-our-data/) for their own use or future collaboration with the study team. In addition, further cohort data collection is planned via the Wellcome Open Research gateway (https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/gateways). The current article presents an up-to-date report on the application of technological advances, new study procedures in the cohort and future direction of TwinsUK.

Precision Livestock Farming in Swine Welfare: A Review for Swine Practitioners.

Simple SummaryThe increasing implementation of technological advances originally developed for video gaming (PlayStation, Xbox) is helping to progress livestock production so that it is both more efficient and more focused on the welfare of the animals. Such advances are necessary to ensure that innovations can emerge from applications using cameras, microphones and sensors to enhance the farmers’ eyes, ears and nose in everyday farming. This technology for remote monitoring of livestock, termed precision livestock farming, is the ability to automatically track individual livestock in real time. The goal of this review is to apprise swine veterinarians and their clientele on precision livestock farming with a general introduction to the technology available, a review of research and commercially available technology and the implications and opportunities for swine practitioners and farmers. Drawing from pig welfare criteria in the Common Swine Industry Audit, this review explains how these applications can be used to improve swine welfare within current pork production stakeholder expectations. Swine veterinarians and specialists, by virtue of their animal advocacy role, interpretation of benchmarking data, and stewardship in regulatory and commodity programs, can play a broader role in facilitating the transfer of precision livestock farming and technology to their clients.The burgeoning research and applications of technological advances are launching the development of precision livestock farming. Through sensors (cameras, microphones and accelerometers), images, sounds and movements are combined with algorithms to non-invasively monitor animals to detect their welfare and predict productivity. In turn, this remote monitoring of livestock can provide quantitative and early alerts to situations of poor welfare requiring the stockperson’s attention. While swine practitioners’ skills include translation of pig data entry into pig health and well-being indices, many do not yet have enough familiarity to advise their clients on the adoption of precision livestock farming practices. This review, intended for swine veterinarians and specialists, (1) includes an introduction to algorithms and machine learning, (2) summarizes current literature on relevant sensors and sensor network systems, and drawing from industry pig welfare audit criteria, (3) explains how these applications can be used to improve swine welfare and meet current pork production stakeholder expectations. Swine practitioners, by virtue of their animal and client advocacy roles, interpretation of benchmarking data, and stewardship in regulatory and traceability programs, can play a broader role as advisors in the transfer of precision livestock farming technology, and its implications to their clients.

Study of Hematological Parameters in Patients of Different Subtypes of Panduroga

Introduction: Diagnosis in Ayurveda depends on history and clinical examination of the patient. Application of technological advancements and diagnostics tin Ayurveda may increase its acceptability globally and add objectivity to it. This research is advancement in the same direction to observe and analyze the haematological profile in patients of Panduroga (anemia) after categorizing them into Pandu roga subtypes and report the findings. Material and Methods: A prospective non – interventional observational exploratory study was conducted for a period of 18 months on hundred newly diagnosed adult and pediatric cases of anemia presenting to department of pediatrics and general medicine. Patients were categorized into Panduroga subtypes after examining them in detail with history, physical examination, hematological and other relevant investigations and with their due written informed consent. The data was then put to statistical analysis. Results: Differences were observed in the values of hematological parameters for the different subtypes of Panduroga which were statistically significant for Hemoglobin, Total Red blood cell count (TRBC), Hematocrit (HCT), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Red cell distribution width (RDW). Conclusion: The differences in the objective profile as uncovered in the study reveals that the subtypes of Panduroga correlate to some extent to the different stages and pathology of anemia. However, the application of this study to the management of different types of anemia will require further confirmatory study with larger sample size in each subgroup.

Reconstructing the Late Antiquity Episcopal Complex of Valentia

In Valencia, near the Cathedral, the Almoina Archaeological Center is the most important excavation area in the city. The buildings dated to Late Antiquity found here were the main ones of this period. The Cathedral, the Baptistery, the Mausoleum, the Memorial of Saint Vincent martyrdom, some reused Roman buildings (Curia, Asklepieion), some necropoleis and other minor constructions have been identified. We are also aware of a large but incomplete Episcopal Complex (we have not yet identified the bishop’s palace). Little by little this important quarter of the town has been reconstructed infographically. The virtual reconstruction project of Valencia was begun in 1999. In that year we presented the first proposal of the reconstruction of the city during the Roman Republican, Roman Empire and Late Antiquity periods. New and up-dated versions with new archaeological remains and the applications of technological advances were made in 2003 and 2007. For this work, which is still in progress, we have always followed the same methodology. We are now able to present the latest proposal (2016-2017) about the exterior and interior appearance of the main important quarter in Valentia around 600 AD.

Design of a Position Control Based on Cuckoo Search Tuning for a Cutter Leaves Robot

In vitro culture is constituted by four phases. Cutting is the most important step and where the application of technological advances are important tools to provide the laboratory specialists working with plant tissue. To accomplish this objective, a Cartesian robot of three degrees of freedom was developed using electronic technology using Arduino and programmed with MATLAB GUIDE. The performance of the position control of the Cartesian robot was evaluated using two ways of tuning, the maximum and the method of bio-inspired optimization Seacrh Cuckoo (CS). Mechanical efficiency declines with maximum robot tuning, while the CS adjustment algorithm helps to identify the gains, increasing the mechanical efficiency of the system by finding an average error for both points of 14.5mm.

Stunting: The Need for Application of Advances in Technology to Understand a Complex Health Problem

Stunting: The Need for Application of Advances in Technology to Understand a Complex Health Problem

Role of Science and Technology in Business Growth

Innovation performance is a crucial determinant of competitiveness andnational progress. Moreover, innovation is important to help address global challenges, such as climate change and sustainable development. the application of advances in technology, in conjunction with entrepreneurship and innovative approaches to the creation and delivery of goods and services, which translates scientific and technological advances into more productive economic activity. This results in economic growth if market structures and the regulatory environment enable the more productive activities to expand. This said, the innovative effort itself, including formal research and development, remains the sine qua non of growth. Lithuania is a small and catching up economy with a GDP per capita of 52.1% of EU average. The current level of labor productivity (per person employed) in Lithuania is low, accounting only for 53.2% of EU 25 average. Lithuania is lagging behind the average of EU countries in terms of gross expenditure on R and D -in 2005 only 0.76% of GDP invested in R and D (EU average is 1,85%) underestimate expenditure of private companies in RandD?

Guidance in the ages of neuroscience

Over the past two decades important progress has been made in the area of intervention in psychiatric disorders, mainly with the introduction of novel antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs. Despite these advances, the interindividual differences in the psychotropic drug response and the development of drug-induced adverse effects remain a serious problem in clinical practice. On the other hand, more information about the mechanisms of action of psychotropic drugs may help the way they should be prescribed. In this regard application of technological advances in the field of neurosciences, namely modern neuroimaging methods and the enormously developed molecular genetics acquires paramount importance. PET and SPECT studies have indicated that antipsychotic response is associated with blockade of dopamine D2 receptors and antidepressant response has been linked to blockade of serotonin transporter receptors. According to Zipurski et al (2007), these findings have the following clinical implications: a) antipsychotic dosing for most patients with schizophrenia can be expected to occur within a narrow range of D2 receptor blockade, (b) Antidepressant response for must patients can be expected to occur with blockade of 80% or more of the serotonin transporter. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics signal the beginning of a new era in the treatment psychiatric disorders. They provide a novel method in the search of informative correlates of psychotropic drug response. Polymorphisms of dopamine and serotonin receptor subtypes, transporter proteins and metabolic enzymes may contribute to variability in response to psychotropic drugs and the occurrence of their adverse reactions. In the field of molecular biology, it has been demonstrated that psychotropic drugs used to treat mood disorders, target molecules and signaling cascades implicated in the control of neuroplasticity. Our expanding knowledge of psychopharmacology will help lead to specific targeting for more predictable and safer medications in the near future. It is believed that perspectives are outstanding to achieve benefits previously unattainable.

Evidence-based organ-sparing radiotherapy in head and neck cancer

Intensification of radiotherapy treatment for locally advanced head and neck cancer by use of altered fractionation schedules or concomitant chemotherapy has resulted in substantially improved locoregional control and survival. However, these improvements have come at the cost of increased acute, and late, toxic effects. The application of technological advances, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, is expected to further improve the therapeutic index of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, by limiting toxicity and possibly by increasing locoregional control. However, the organ-sparing potential of such highly conformal radiotherapy techniques relies heavily on the appropriate selection and accurate delineation of the crucial organs at risk, with the application of rigorous dose constraints during planning. Because xerostomia and dysphagia are the main causes of decreased quality of life after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, the prevention of these two complications will form the focus of this review.

Efficacy of clinical laboratory: Therapeutic TAT, safety, and medical errors

Health care services rely on continued technological advances and management of the operational systems for optimum reduction of medical errors. Significant gains in health care outcomes as indicated by recorded increases in life expectancies have been achieved due to the availability and application of technological advances for medical services. The inadequacies in the application of these systems for maximum benefit of the health care systems have however been the subject of recent publications dealing with patient safety and medical errors [Kohn Linda T, Corrigan Janet M, Donaldson Molla S, editors. To err is human: building a safer health system. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press; 2000; Brennan TA, Leape LL. Adverse events, negligence in hospitalized patients: results from the Harvard Medical Practice Study. Perspect Healthc Risk Manage 1991;11(2):2–8; Leape LL, Brennan TA, Laird N, et al. The nature of adverse events in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study II. New Engl J Med 1991;324(6):377–84; Thomas EJ, Studdert DM, Burstin HR, et al. Incidence and types of adverse events and negligent care in Utah and Colorado. Med Care 2000;38(3):261–71]. Estimates by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) indicate that approximately 44,000–98,000 deaths occur each year as a consequence of inadequate safety and failure to prevent errors in the health care system. This puts medical errors in the top four leading causes of deaths per the IOM report. Other studies in the USA states of Colorado, Utah, and New York suggest that medical errors occur in 2–4% of hospitalizations. The paper by Raab et al. denoted a 6.7% discrepancy between original report and secondary case review, and 5% of the discrepancies have modest to significant effect on patient care [Raab SS, Grzybicki DM, Zarbo RJ, Meier FA, Geyer SJ, Jensen C. Anatomic pathology databases and patient safety. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2005;129:459–66]. This presentation focuses on the health care safety and medical errors relative to clinical laboratory. The impact of laboratory operations with resultant delays in test turn around times (TAT) and other laboratory errors on the health care services are presented. The role of governmental (US Department of Health and Human Services) and non-governmental regulatory agencies (CAP, AACC, IFCC, CLSI, etc) in mitigating these clinical laboratory errors is discussed. The use of payment system as a mechanism for improving the quality of laboratory services is also presented to illustrate the checks and balance systems aimed at reduction of medical errors. The presentation will conclude with the recommendation that majority of the clinical laboratory delays in turn around time and other errors can be prevented with appropriate analytical systems and operational processes under the overall guidance of the right regulatory agencies.

Outcomes Following Purely Endoscopic, Endonasal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas: A Case Series

Introduction: The trans-sphenoidal approach (TSA) has been utilized for the resection of pituitary adenomas for almost a century, progressing with the application of technological advances. The endoscopic techniques developed through the combined efforts of otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons hold promise. However, outcomes must be compared with more traditional approaches.