Application Of Geospatial Technologies Research Articles

Geopatial Technologies in Civil Engineering : A Critical Literature

This study investigates the role of geospatial technologies in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of civil engineering projects. Geospatial technologies, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and spatial analysis, have revolutionized the field of civil engineering by providing critical tools for planning, design, construction, and management of infrastructure projects. The integration of these technologies enables accurate terrain mapping, real-time monitoring, and data-driven decision-making, which are crucial for ensuring the safety, sustainability, and resilience of modern infrastructure. This research aims to explore the applications of geospatial technologies in various civil engineering projects, including highway planning, urban development, and environmental monitoring. The study also examines the potential benefits and limitations of these technologies and provides recommendations for their effective integration into civil engineering practices. By understanding the impact of geospatial technologies on civil engineering projects, this research aims to contribute to the development of more efficient, sustainable, and resilient infrastructure that supports the needs of modern society.

Geospatial Technology Intervention Module in Learning and Facilitation (L&F) Amongst Form Two Geography Students

Technological evolution in the 21st Century Learning and Facilitation (L&F) have been significantly affirmed by the Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE). Nonetheless, the present scenario still indicates the snag of technological development in the education system such as the application of geospatial technology in the subject of Geography in Malaysia which is not significant. Generally, Learning and Facilitation (L&F) of Geography subjects concern conventional activities that do not help much in improving the Spatial Thinking Skills (STS) and student interest. Ergo, Geospatial technology has been observed to have the potential to increase STS and student interest in Geography subjects. This study aims to develop a Geospatial technology intervention module based on the theory of Cognitive Learning, Theory of Constructivism and Bloom’s Taxonomy Theory. The formation of this module adopts Sidek Module Construction Model (MPMS) as the main motivation to complete this module. The contents of the module are also identified through a more comprehensive and analytical and extensive review of past studies done. This study creates draft modules that have four submodules namely Geography Skill, Physical Geography, Human Geography and Area Geography. The module is anticipated to be implemented as an effective L&F material especially in enhancing STS and attracting students to Geography subjects.

Mapping of Groundwater Potential Zones in the Kuzhithuraiyar Sub Basin of Kodayar River, Kanniyakumari District, Tamilnadu: Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS


 
 
 Groundwater plays a very important role for all living beings. It is decisive to have a scientific understanding of groundwater management since, with careful use and replenishment, groundwater may help solve issues. The distribution of groundwater tables, slope, land-form, drainage pattern, lithology, topography, geological structure, fracturing density, opening and connectivity of fractures, secondary porosity, and landuse landcover all affect the occurrence and efficiency of groundwater in an aquifer system. An essential tool for assessing, tracking and protecting groundwater resources is the integration of geospatial techniques such as Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for the identification of groundwater potential zones. This study aims to find the groundwater potential zones using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and managing the resources by creating different thematic layers such as rainfall, geology, geomorphology, drainage density, soil, slope, lineament and landuse landcover (LULC) of the Kuzhithuraiyar sub basin of the Kodayar river in Tamilnadu using the application of geospatial technologies. The thematic maps for all the thematic layers have been prepared using tools such as Interpolation, contour lines, Classification in ArcGIS 10.8. Theme weight and class rank were assigned to different thematic layers in weighed overlay analysis. The results were validated through field work and groundwater potential map was created. The groundwater potential zonation mapping was done by the overlay analysis in ArcGIS 10.8 software. The obtained map was classified into four categories namely very high groundwater potential zone, high groundwater potential zone, medium groundwater potential zone and low groundwater potential zone. The North Eastern part of the basin is considered as low groundwater potential zone while the Southern portion has high groundwater potentiality. The low groundwater potential zone covers an area of 10.58 sq.km and high groundwater potential zone covers an area of about 388.37sq.km.This study will be helpful for useful groundwater management for different tenacities.
 
 

Application of geospatial technologies towards pest management in agriculture

Application of geospatial technologies towards pest management in agriculture

Application of Geospatial Technology to Assess Pressures and Threats to Nature Related to Human Activities in Wilpattu National Park

Expanding agricultural land is one of the humanities largest and most considerable environmental impacts. It has transformed habitats and is one of the greatest pressures and threats to biodiversity. By 2020, with an estimated population of 22 million, the per capita arable land is about 0.158 hectares. This indicates heavy pressure on agricultural land use. This agricultural land use causes deforestation. Illegal deforestation results in the destruction of habitat and the restriction of wildlife movements. Apart from the direct destruction of habitats of flora and fauna that provide humans with valuable resources, removing forest cover puts many essential natural functions out of order, which may lead to a range of severe consequences. There have been many attempts at human encroachment at Wilpattu National Park, Sri Lanka, and its Forest Reserves; however, it has never been done at this scale with the awareness of the Government Authorities, who failed to act. The Easter end of the Wilpattu National Park lies between the divisional secretariat of Mahaviachchi, Karuwalagasweva, Nochchiyagama, and Rajanganaya. The buffer zone of 1.6km has been marked from the Wilpattu reserve boundary. This study uses the integrated land use assessment by applying a land use evaluation model that evaluates biophysical and human-related data in eight GN Divisions (Hunuvilagama, Kuda Vilachchiya, Track 13, Matha Kiramam, Palaikuli, Pahalapuliyankulam, Parana Eluwankulam, and Andiyapuliyankulam) in buffer zone in Wilpattu National Park. Environmental impact has been assessed based on image classification and area calculations. According to the analysis done in the human settlement, it indicates encroachment of the restricted zone for human settlement. The area of this buffer zone is approximately 33,147 ha. About 9,190 ha of this buffer zone area has been utilized by humans in various ways. Spatial- temporal data in 2003-2019 satellite image classification identified permanent building/housing units within the 1.6 km restricted zone, which has been increased in marginal villages. Mullikulam and Eluwankulam GN Divisions are the most critical and rapidly encroached areas in the forest village in the Wilpattu National Park. According to the GIS-based maps, cultivation, road construction, and residence are significant factors influencing the major ecosystems in the eastern part of the Wilpattu Park Boundary. Mahavilachchi and Nochchiyagama can be identified as the villages where elephants roam more and the areas where elephant-human conflict occurs regularly. Paddy and hay farming are primarily practiced in the areas close to the Wilpattu reserve zone. Additionally, coconut, banana, mango, and cashew crops are cultivated.
 
 Keywords: Wilpattu, Agriculture, Deforestation, Buffer zone, Human

Multi-hazard risk assessment of rail infrastructure in India under local vulnerabilities towards adaptive pathways for disaster resilient infrastructure planning

“Lifeline of the nation” is the motto of Indian Railways as it connects through a common thread, billion plus population in one way or the other. The National Rail Plan for India – 2030 focuses on creating a ‘future ready’ Railway system by 2030 by suitably integrating new railway systems like high-speed rails. However, rail infrastructure is exposed to multi-hazards and disasters sometimes disrupt safe rail operations. This study explores rail infrastructure risk assessment at a national scale utilizing the UNDRR framework and synthesized application of geospatial technologies with a focus on disentanglement of local vulnerabilities of the rail infrastructure assets utilizing factors of health of bridges, visibility obstruction to level crossings, labour wages & their regions and GSDP under multi-hazard scenarios. The results revealed that the NR and NFR were identified as high-risk routes under the risk analysis of physical and social vulnerability scenarios, followed by CR Railways. The average annual frequencies of emergency cases in each zone show a correlation r (17) = 0.4758 with the combined mean risk ranks for each zone. In comparison to socioeconomic factors, which contribute to indirect losses, physical factors directly affect safety and contribute to direct losses. Further, outcomes depict more accidents on Indian Railways during the monsoon (nearly 50%) and cold weather (29%) seasons. The study suggests that with the participation of key stakeholders, including urban and transport planners, an integrated approach is helpful in identifying critical rail routes towards risk-informed adaptive disaster-resilient infrastructure planning for providing safety, continuity and reliability of essential rail services.

Application of geospatial technology for potential ecotourism site selection in Masha district, Southwest Ethiopia

Application of geospatial technology for potential ecotourism site selection in Masha district, Southwest Ethiopia

Multi-hazard susceptibility model based on high spatial resolution data-a case study of Sali settlement (Dugi otok, Croatia).

The world has been facing an increase in various natural hazards. The coastal regions are recognized as one of the most vulnerable due to high population pressure and climate change intensity. Mediterranean countries have one of the most burnable ecosystems in the world, one of the most exposed to pluvial floods, and have the highest erosion rates within the EU. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop the first multihazard susceptibility model in Croatia for the Sali settlement (island of Dugi otok). The creation of a multi-hazard susceptibility model (MHSM) combined the application of geospatial technology (GST) with a local perception survey. The methodology consisted of two main steps: (1) creating individual hazard susceptibility models (soil erosion, wildfires, pluvial floods), and (2) overall hazard susceptibility modeling. Multicriterial GIS analyses and the Analytical Hierarchy Process were used to create individual hazard models. Criteria used (32) to create models are derived from very-high-resolution (VHR) models. Two versions of MHSM are created: 1) all criteria with equal weighting coefficients and 2) weight coefficients determined based on public perception. According to MHSM 1, most of the research (58%) area is moderately susceptible to multiple hazards. Highly and very highly susceptible areas are 27% of the drainage basin and are mostly located near roads and houses. MHSM 2 reveals similar results to MHSM 1. The public perceives that the research area is the most susceptible to wildfires. The wildfire ignition risk is ranked as moderate (3.00) with a standard deviation of 1.16. Pluvial flood risk is ranked low (2.78), with a standard deviation of 1.15. The risk of soil is most inferior (2.24) with a standard deviation of 0.91. The the most significant difference between public perception and the GIS-MCDA model of hazard susceptibility is related to soil erosion. However, the accuracy of the soil erosion model was confirmed by ROC curves based on recent traces of soil erosion in the research area. The proposed methodological framework of multi-hazard susceptibility modeling can be applied, with minor modifications, to other Mediterranean countries.

Advancement in the Application of Geospatial Technology in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage in South Africa: A Scientometric Review

Geospatial technologies have become an essential component of archaeological research, aiding in the identification, mapping, and analysis of archaeological sites. Several journals have published existing narratives on the development and impact of geospatial technologies in the study of archaeology and cultural heritage. However, this has not been supported by a systematic review of articles and papers, where meticulously collected evidence is methodically analysed. This article systematically reviews the trends in the use of geospatial technologies in archaeology and cultural heritage through the search for keywords or terms associated with geospatial technologies used in the two fields on the Scopus database from 1990 to 2022. Bibliometric analysis using the Scopus Analyze tool and analysis of bibliometric networks using VOSviewer visualisations reveals how modern archaeological studies are now a significant discipline of spatial sciences and how the discipline enjoys the tools of geomatic engineering for establishing temporal and spatial controls on the material being studied and observing patterns in the archaeological records. The key concepts or themes or distinct knowledge domains that shape research in the use of geospatial technologies in archaeology and cultural heritage, according to the Scopus database (1990–2022), are cultural heritage, archaeology, geographic information systems, remote sensing, virtual reality, and spatial analysis. Augmented reality, 3D scanning, 3D modelling, 3D reconstruction, lidar, digital elevation modelling, artificial intelligence, spatiotemporal analysis, ground penetrating radar, optical radar, aerial photography, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are some of the geospatial technology tools and research themes that are less explored or less interconnected concepts that have potential gaps in research or underexplored topics that might be worth investigating in archaeology and cultural heritage.

Morphotectonic assessment of the Gaula river basin, Kumaun lesser Himalaya, Uttarakhand

Morphotectonics is a discipline of geomorphology that explores how landforms are formed or modified by tectonic action. In the present study we uthe sed application of geospatial technology to evaluate the active deformation owing to Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and Ramgarh Thrust (RT) in Outer part of Kumaun Lesser Himalaya. Active deformation inside river valleys is ascribed downcuttinging and incision of bedrock, offset of river channel, lateral migration of the river, and development of Knickpoints. Therefore, we used quantitative geo-mathematical analysis of The Gaula river basin using ASTER DEM along with survey of India Toposheet (1:50,000) supplemented by field observations. Four morphotectonic metrics, including the basin elongation ratio, the asymmetry factor, the channel sinuosity, and the hypsometric integral, were derived to examine the relative index of active tectonics (RIAT). We applied Stream Power Incision Model (SPIM) by analysing the steepness index (Ksn) using the stream power law. Additionally, a comprehensive evaluation of tributary streams of the Gaula watershed has been carried out to understand relative tectonic activity. Further we used Chi integral (χ) to measure transience dynamics and geometric disequilibrium of Gaula basin. We conclude that most sub-basins are tectonically enhanced, structurally organized and elongated in nature. The landform in the study area is largely controlled by presence of MBT, RT and subsidiary thrusts spread over in the vicinity. Based on our activity classes we concluded that approximately 31% of the area in Gaula river basin falls in very active whereas ∼34% is potentially active. Furthermore, we suggest that the results will be very useful for estimation of hazard potential zones in sub-Himalayan region of foothill zone of Kumaun Himalaya.

Application of geospatial technology for the land use/land cover change assessment and future change predictions using CA Markov chain model

Application of geospatial technology for the land use/land cover change assessment and future change predictions using CA Markov chain model

The Application of Geospatial Technologies in the Study of Vegetation Cover, Assessment and Comparison of Plant Diversity in the Al-Jadriyah Complex “University of Baghdad and Al-Nahrain”

one of the most important distinguish evaluation of plant species features of environmentally sustainable universities that are concerned with improving the life quality. The study was aimed to apply geospatial techniques in the evaluation of plant diversity at the level of species, genus and plant families in Baghdad and Al-Nahrain Universities. And the application of remote sensing technolog and geographic information systems ArcGIS v 10.3 tudy area capturedRepresented by the satellite image of the s on 28/1/2020 by the Sentinel-2B which is based on multi-spectral Image (MSI) with a spatial resolution of 10x10m2. It contains 13 spectral bands with the TIFF extension. From the results of the field survey of Al-Nahrain University, it was found that the total number of plants reached 577 plants, which included 25 plant species, 22 plant genus, and 19 plant families, compared to the total number of plants in the University of Baghdad, which was 3717 plants that belong to 70 plant species, 63 genus, and 35 plant families. The results of the vegetation cover index showed that the vegetation cover values ranged from -2 to 0.7, distributed between high density vegetation cover between 0.5 to 0.7, dense 0.3 to 0.5, low density 0 to 0.3, and poor vegetation cover 0.1. to zero. As for the water channel around the academic domain, buildings and roads, their values ranged from zero to -2, respectively. The results of the Normalized Difference Built-up Index ranged between 0 and -0.6, noting that the standard range of the index includes values below zero. Whenever the values go from -1 or less, they refer to building covers, roads, bridges, sidewalks, walkways, parking lots and other urban facilities and concrete blocks..

A Comprehensive Review of Geospatial Technology Applications in Earthquake Preparedness, Emergency Management, and Damage Assessment

The level of destruction caused by an earthquake depends on a variety of factors, such as magnitude, duration, intensity, time of occurrence, and underlying geological features, which may be mitigated and reduced by the level of preparedness of risk management measures. Geospatial technologies offer a means by which earthquake occurrence can be predicted or foreshadowed; managed in terms of levels of preparation related to land use planning; availability of emergency shelters, medical resources, and food supplies; and assessment of damage and remedial priorities. This literature review paper surveys the geospatial technologies employed in earthquake research and disaster management. The objectives of this review paper are to assess: (1) the role of the range of geospatial data types; (2) the application of geospatial technologies to the stages of an earthquake; (3) the geospatial techniques used in earthquake hazard, vulnerability, and risk analysis; and (4) to discuss the role of geospatial techniques in earthquakes and related disasters. The review covers past, current, and potential earthquake-related applications of geospatial technology, together with the challenges that limit the extent of usefulness and effectiveness. While the focus is mainly on geospatial technology applied to earthquake research and management in practice, it also has validity as a framework for natural disaster risk assessments, emergency management, mitigation, and remediation, in general.

Delving into Geospatial Data Services: Monitoring Earth for Covid-19 Impact Measure and Decision Making

Geospatial technologies are crucial for many applications and can facilitate decision-making to benefit society. When the Covid-19 pandemic restricted most of the services, geospatial technologies like satellite remote sensing, geographical information systems, and other allied technologies were found essential. They speed up many critical decision-making processes in the fight against the pandemic. This paper explores the significant contributions from the geospatial aspects throughout the pandemic in various research domains. The potential applications of geospatial technology to assist humanity during the pandemic are thoroughly examined. We categorized the entire study into i) environmental monitoring services, ii) disease control and management services, and iii) forecasting and decision-making services. Many valuable findings are derived based on the systematic review of some remarkable works. The outcome helps us understand how decision-making and forecasting are essential in the fight against the pandemic, with profound implications for future multidisciplinary research using geospatial technology.

Application of geospatial technology for assessment of agricultural residue based renewable energy potential in Punjab, India

The study proposes a novel methodological framework based on integrated statistical and geospatial modelling to estimate the pixel-level theoretical, technical, and environmental bioenergy potential from rice residues in five districts of Punjab. Previous attempts to estimate the bioenergy potential from rice residue relied heavily on agricultural statistical data and lacked geospatial distribution of available biomass. This study incorporates the net primary productivity based estimation for theoretical biomass potential and restricting factors like soil organic carbon content and soil erodibility to estimate the maximum available biomass potential. Results indicate that theoretical, technical, and environmental biomass potential is 18.81 Mt, 13.93 Mt, and 7.37 Mt, respectively. 39.18 % of theoretical biomass was environmentally collectable annually. The maximum available bioenergy potential of rice residues is about 113.50 PJ per year. Spatially differentiated maps of available biomass provide the visibility and ease of locating a potential resource for stakeholders.

Eco-digital storytelling: Engaging historically excluded populations in environmental action through mentoring, geospatial technology, and digital media storytelling

The environment, science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics fields (a collection of fields we call E-STEAM) continue to grow and remain economically and ecologically important. However, historically excluded groups remain underrepresented in science and technology professions, particularly in environmental and digital media fields. Consequently, building pathways for historically excluded students to enter economically viable and ecologically influential E-STEAM professions is critically important. These new pathways hold promise for increasing innovation within these fields and ensuring a multiplicity of representation as these fields are shaped and reshaped to attend to the plural interests of diverse communities. Consequently, this conceptual paper describes an eco-digital storytelling (EDS) approach to engaging historically excluded populations in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This approach offers structured learning opportunities connected to learner interests and community needs with the aim of increasing E-STEAM identity and career interest of teens from groups historically excluded from E-STEAM fields. E-STEAM identity is a meaning one can attach to oneself or that can be ascribed externally by others as individuals interact and engage in E-STEAM fields in ways that foreground the environment. The EDS approach leverages community-based action, technology and digital media, and arts and storytelling as entry points for engaging learners. EDS is designed to increase teens’ content knowledge within multiple E-STEAM fields and to provide numerous technology-rich experiences in both application of geospatial technologies (i.e., GPS, interactive maps) and digital media creation (i.e., video, animation, ArcGIS StoryMaps) as a way to shape teens’ cultural learning pathways. Examples of rich digital media presentations developed to communicate the EDS approach and local environmental opportunities, challenges, and projects are provided that exemplify how both participation in and communication of environmental action can contribute to more promising and sustainable futures.

Statewide GNSS-RTN Systems: Current Practices

The applications of geospatial technologies and positioning data embrace every sphere of modern-day science and industry. With technological advancement, the demands for highly accurate positioning services in real-time led to the development of the Global Navigation Satellite System—Real-Time Network (GNSS-RTN). While there is numerous published information on the technical aspects of the GNSS-RTN technology, information on the best practices or guidelines in building, operating, and managing the GNSS-RTN networks is lacking in practice. To better understand the current practice in establishing and operating the GNSS-RTN systems, an online questionnaire survey was sent to the GNSS-RTN system owners/operators across the U.S. Additionally, a thorough review of available literature on business models and interviews with representatives of two major manufacturers/vendors of GNSS-RTN products and services were conducted. Study results revealed a great deal of inconsistency in current practices among states in the way the GNSS-RTN systems are built, operated, and managed. Aspects of the diversity in state practices involved the business models for the GNSS-RTN systems besides the technical attributes of the network and system products. The information gathered in this study is important in helping state agencies make informed decisions as they build, expand or manage their own GNSS-RTN systems.

Application of Geospatial Technologies in the Analysis of Changes in Land Use and Land Coverage in the Wider Location of Babin Do, Bjelašnica

The subject of the research is the analysis of the change in land cover in the area of Babin do on Bjelašnica mountain in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the period after 1995, throughout the entire Bosnia and Herzegovina, visible spontaneous spatial planning contributed to significant changes in the land cover. The research aims to determine changes in coverage and land use that happened in the last few decades in the researched area. The analysis of land cover changes in the research area was performed for the period from 2000 to 2018. Due to the lack of data resulting from insufficient spatial resolution of CLC, vectorization of spatial infrastructure elements from available remote sensing images was additionally carried out. This procedure implied a detailed land cover change analysis visible from the topographic map at a scale of 1:25:000 and relevant Google Earth images. Research on the topic was conducted through several phases. The first part of the paper refers to determining the geographical location of the research area and defining all its components. The second part of the paper deals with a detailed analysis of all categories of land cover in the last twenty years. The third part of the paper involves a comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of land cover in the research area. The complete procedure of the analysis was performed using GIS, where the corresponding databases were created and a cartographic visualization for the investigated area was performed. The results of the conducted research point to the conclusion that significant changes in land cover have occurred in the Babin do in the analyzed period, which is particularly pronounced in sports and recreation areas, as a result of the development of the tourism industry. In the last part of the paper, conclusions are given regarding the changes and causes of changes of the land coverage in the analyzed area, with recommendations for further activities.

The peri-urban cadastre of Addis Ababa: Status, challenges, and fit-for-purpose prospects

Ethiopia is developing its land administration systems to support the adjudication and registration of approximately 50 million land holdings. Being a federalized country, and with differing land policies and laws for urban and rural lands, multiple cadastral and land registration systems are under development, each intended to be eventually integrated. Taken holistically, the system is not yet fully functional. Peri-urban areas present a special challenge, where previous studies demonstrate administrative overlaps and voids contribute to community uncertainty and conflicts. Fit-for-purpose Land Administration (FFPLA) approaches offer the opportunity to rethink land administration in these areas. In this vein, this study explores the status and contemporary cadastral information demands of peri-urban areas for land administration development opportunities, focusing on the specific case of the capital, Addis Ababa. The interpretivist/constructivist research paradigm guides the development of a mixed methodology. It enables the creation of an aggregate understanding of the status of the land administration function in the case area – based on local office-level data. It is found that whilst the current approach to cadastral development in Addis Ababa can be seen to exhibit FFPLA characteristics, there still remains a diverse mix of political, legal, spatial, institutional, and technical constraints for further implementing the methodology. The work also finds the integrated application of geospatial technologies is most appropriate for data capture in the Addis Ababa context. Moreover, comprehensive upskilling and retraining of the existing workforce, and the future workforce, is needed.

Development of Muslim Graveyard Management System (MGMS) Using Geospatial Technology Applications

Development of Muslim Graveyard Management System (MGMS) Using Geospatial Technology Applications