Application In Catalytic Degradation Research Articles

Hydrothermally Synthesized TiO2 Nanowires and Potential Application in Catalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol

Hydrothermally Synthesized TiO2 Nanowires and Potential Application in Catalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol

Controlled synthesis of CeNbZrO solid solution with high thermal stability and application in catalytic degradation of C6H5CH3 and C6H5Cl

A series of CeNbZrO composite oxides with different (CeNb)/Zr molar ratios were prepared by urea homogeneous precipitation method and systematically characterized. The thermal stability, degradation performance and structure-activity relationship of these catalysts for eliminating C6H5CH3 and C6H5Cl mixed pollutants were evaluated. The results indicated that with the increase of ZrO2 content, the catalytic activity of CeNbxZrO increased first and then decreased. Among them, the CeNb3.3ZrO catalyst (Ce/Nb/Zr=2/1/3.3, molar ratio) exhibited the highest catalytic activity (C6H5CH3: T90%=310oC, C6H5Cl: T90%=344oC) and thermal stability. Compared with the traditional CeO2-MnO2 catalyst, the T90% of the CeNb3.3ZrO catalyst in the degradation of C6H5Cl was reduced by 100oC. CeNb3.3ZrO exhibited high specific surface area and strong oxidation ability, which enhanced the redox cycles and promoted the interactions between metal ions. In addition, the formation of Ce2Zr3O10 solid solution made its structure stable even at high temperature. Overall, the optimized CeNb3.3ZrO has broad prospects in the catalytic treatment of volatile organic compounds and some other related fields in thermal catalysis. Environmental implicationC6H5CH3 and C6H5Cl are typical VOCs with certain toxicity, which pollute air environment and cause harm to human health. In this paper, CeNbZrO composite oxides with different (CeNb)/Zr molar ratios were prepared by urea homogeneous precipitation method. It was found that the CeNb3.3ZrO catalyst had higher specific surface area and stronger oxidation ability, and promoted the complete degradation of C6H5CH3 and C6H5Cl at lower temperatures by destroying the C-C, C-H and C-Cl bonds of the reactants.

Preparation of Thermosensitive Polymer Immobilized Horseradish Peroxidase and its Application in Catalytic Degradation of Phenol

Preparation of Thermosensitive Polymer Immobilized Horseradish Peroxidase and its Application in Catalytic Degradation of Phenol

Scalable synthesis of Bi2O2S nanoplates with large piezoelectric potential induced by a built-in electric field in a [Bi2O2]2+ layer for the degradation of organic contaminants.

2D piezoelectric catalysts with strong piezoresponse and high piezoelectric potential have valuable applications in catalytic degradation of organic pollutants and antibiotics, but the development of novel nanomaterials with powerful piezopotential still remains a serious challenge. Bismuth oxysulfide (Bi2O2S) nanosheets possessing large piezoelectric potentials were prepared using a low-heating solid-state chemical reaction and used for the first time for piezoelectric catalysis in this work. Moreover, Bi2O2S nanosheets can degrade pollutants universally, and the degradation efficiencies of methyl blue and rhodamine B are as high as 97.7% and 92.9% within 60 min under ultrasonication, respectively, which is superior to most piezoelectric materials reported in the literature.

Preparation of functionalised heteropolyacid ionic liquids and their application in catalytic degradation of bottle-grade polyester

This research study is related to an environmentally friendly process method for catalytic degradation of bottle-grade PET by using ionic liquid catalysts.

Synthesis of Ultrafine Platinum Nanocatalysts by Ice‐photochemical Method and Their Application in Catalytic Degradation of 4‐nitrophenol

AbstractHere, uniformly dispersed ultrafine platinum nanocatalysts (Pt/C60) were synthesized on C60 by ice‐photochemical method using potassium chloroplatinate (K2[PtCl4]) as platinum source under the condition of low temperature, no stabilizer and reducing agent. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the composition and morphology of Pt/C60 catalyst. It was confirmed that Pt Ultra‐small Particles (Pt UPs) was loaded on C60 surface with high dispersion. The average particle sizes of the three samples obtained under different reaction conditions were 1.41±0.1 nm, 1.54±0.4 nm and 1.73±0.3 nm, respectively. The results show that the light‐induced effect and the ice lattice domain limiting effect in the frozen state effectively control the formation and growth of platinum clusters in the process of Pt2+ reduction to Pt0. The rate constants of the three samples were 0.89 min−1, 0.31 min−1, 0.19 min−1, respectively, showing high catalytic activity in the study of the catalytic performance of Pt/C60 degradation of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) by Ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). This method provides a meaningful attempt for the study of green chemical synthesis method of platinum metal catalysts.

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Orange Peel Extract for Application in Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye

Interest in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been steadily increasing primarily due to their numerous applications in various fields, low-cost, use of non-toxic environmentally-friendly materials and easy implementation. This study focused on the biosynthesis of AgNPs using orange peel extract (OPE), optimization of process conditions, and application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye used in the textile industry. A central composite design in response surface methodology resulted in optimum conditions of 0.0075 g dry peel/mL for OPE concentration, pH of 11 and 1.5 mM silver nitrate concentration. The optimum conditions for the response variables corresponded to the peak absorbance of 0.79 and SPR wavelength of 403.8 nm in UV-vis spectra, and minimum particle size of 12.9 nm. In addition, peak absorbance and SPR wavelength appeared to be related to the size of the AgNPs. A full-factorial design for the catalytic degradation of MB dye by the biosynthesized AgNPs for 1 h indicated the maximum influence of AgNPs compared to the concentrations of MB dye and NaBH4 in decreasing order. The MB dye was reduced rapidly with NaBH4 in the presence of AgNPs due to their catalytic action. The findings of the study show the potential of OPE for the biosynthesis of AgNPs with excellent catalytic activity for the treatment of MB dye in industrial effluent.

Preparation of Diacid Comprising Ionic Liquid Catalyst and Its Application in Catalytic Degradation of PET

Preparation of Diacid Comprising Ionic Liquid Catalyst and Its Application in Catalytic Degradation of PET

Characterization of gold nanoparticles synthesized from Solanum torvum (Turkey Berry) fruit extract and its application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue and antibacterial properties

Contamination of water resources by various pollutants like organic dyes, pesticides, organometallic compounds, and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) of various micro-organisms against different antibiotics, drugs are two of the major challenges the world is facing today. Various physical and chemical techniques like sedimentation, oxidation, adsorption, etc. have been used for decontamination of water but these processes are costly, energy consuming and require chemicals. Green synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) because of their large surface area, unique optical and electronic properties, simple synthesis procedure and ability to absorb a broad range of wavelength can provide a way forward. Another important feature of these nanoparticles (NPs) is their antimicrobial behaviour against pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, AuNPs were biosynthesized using Solanum torvum extract (ST extract) and various parameters like shape, size and stability were characterized via Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential techniques. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) studies specify the presence of –OH functional groups as capping agents in the plant mediated synthesis. The Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis confirmed the occurrence of elemental gold signals. The green synthesized AuNPs had predominantly spherical shape, high stability with different kinds of organic molecules bound to its surface. The gold nano-spheroids displayed efficient catalytic potential in the reduction of Methylene Blue dye along with an enhanced performance against bacterial microorganisms.

Characterization of Alpha Bismuth Trioxide Nanoparticles and their Application for Catalytic Degradation of Xylene Cyanol FF Dye in Aqueous Solution

Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles were synthesized using chemical reduction method. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Ultra violet – Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy , Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques The characterized nanoparticles were applied as photo catalyst for the degradation of hazardous dye Xylene Cyanol FF in aqueous medium. The effects of different parameters such as irradiation time, initial dye concentration, catalyst dosage, pH of the medium and temperature were studied on the photo catalytic degradation of the dye. It was found that with increase in irradiation time and catalyst dosage the degradation exponentially increased and decreased with increase in initial concentration of the dye. The temperature was found to have no appreciable effect on the dye degradation in open atmosphere.

Green Synthesis of Jujube‐Polysaccharide‐Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Reduction of 4‐Nitrophenol

AbstractThe preparation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for treatment of organic pollutant has been attracting great interest. Herein, natural jujube polysaccharide (JP) and chloroauric acid were incubated together to prepare jujube polysaccharide stabilized gold nanoparticles (Aun‐JP NPs). The Au NPs inside of Aun‐JP NPs had an average particle diameter of 8 to 13 nm. The hydrodynamic size of Aun‐JP NPs in aqueous solution was about 20 nm, and they had negative charge on their surfaces. Aun‐JP NPs showed high stability and good dispersibility in aqueous solution. In addition, Aun‐JP NPs had high catalytic performance in reduction of 4‐NP. The apparent rate constant (kapp) increased linearly with increasing amount of Aun‐JP NPs. The normalized apparent rate constant knor of Au10‐JP NPs was as high as 1027.4 s−1 g−1, which was higher than that of Au NPs reported in many other literatures. This excellent catalytic performance should be due to the high stability and large specific surface area of Aun‐JP NPs. More importantly, MTT results demonstrated that Aun‐JP NPs had high biocompatibility in vitro. The green synthetic Aun‐JP NPs have great potential applications in catalytic degradation of pollutants in the future.

Biogenic Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles from Lactuca indica Leaf Extract and Their Application in Catalytic Degradation of Toxic Compounds

The present study describes an eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of colloidal solution of silver and gold nanoparticles (L-AgNPs and L-AuNPs) from the aqueous extract of Lactuca indica leaf. Major parameters affecting on the formation of L-AgNPs and L-AuNPs were optimized using UV–Vis analysis at absorption maximum around 423 nm and 531 nm, respectively. The plant extract as reducing and capping agents of MNPs was demonstrated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The nanoscale of metals was confirmed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. TEM studies revealed that L-AgNPs were mostly spherical with average size of 13.5 nm and L-AuNPs possessed multi shapes with an average size of 14.5 nm. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) data confirm their crystalline structure. The nanomaterials showed efficient catalysis in the degradation of 4-nitrophenol and methyl orange.

Fabrication of hetero-structured mesoporours TiO2-SrTiO3 nanocomposite in presence of Gemini surfactant: Characterization and application in catalytic degradation of Acid Orange

In this research article, the mesoporous hetero-structured TiO2-SrTiO3 nanocomposite was synthesized using sol-gel method at different weight percentages (wt %) of Gemini surfactant (GS) by varying the Ti/Sr ratios ranging from (1 to 0.6/0.0 to 0.4). The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS, FT-IR, SEM-EDX, XPS, TEM and BET surface area analyzer. The characterization results attributed that XRD patterns of catalyst exhibits the formation of both [001] facets of anatase TiO2 and SrTiO3 with a band gap of 2.75 eV; The frequency shift (FT-IR) was observed for GS which was encapsulated the composite; SEM, EDX and XPS results showed that a prominent change in surface morphology, presence of elements and their oxidation states, respectively. TEM and BET results indicated the decrease in particle size and increase in surface area of the catalyst which lead to the enhancement in photocatalytic degradation of Acid orange dye. The optimum conditions for efficient degradation of Acid Orange in visible light was achieved by changing the reaction parameters such as, effect of Ti/Sr ratio at different weight percentages of Gemini surfactant with respect to composite, effect of pH, effect of catalyst dosage and effect of initial concentration of dye.

Green Synthesis of Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles Capped with Tinospora cordifolia and Its Application in Catalytic Degradation in Textile Dye: An Ecologically Sound Approach

Green synthesis has been considered as an ideal approach owing to its simplicity, cost effectiveness and minimal toxicity. Aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize copper nanoparticle capped Tinospora cordifolia using green synthesis and further to evaluate its catalytic degradation property on different dyes. Various characterization parameters were performed such as particle size, PDI, zeta potential, microscopic study (SEM, TEM), interaction study through ATR-FTIR and DSC. Surface area of the sample was analyzed through the surface area analyzer. Catalytic degradation ability of synthesized nanoparticle was studied using various dyes such as reactive dye, direct dye, eosin yellowish and safranin.

Decoration of one-dimensional MnO2 with Co3O4 nanoparticles: A heterogeneous interface for remarkably promoting catalytic oxidation activity

Heterogeneous interface in materials has recently attracted much attention because of its crucial role in catalytic reaction. Herein, we report the preparation of high-quality Co3O4-decorated one dimensional (1D) MnO2 hybrids and their application in catalytic degradation of carcinogenic benzene. Three kinds of 1D MnO2 including α-MnO2 nanowires, α-MnO2 nanorods and β-MnO2 microrods were firstly synthesized by different hydrothermal method, followed by a controlled Co3O4 functionalized process. The homogeneous coating of the Co3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of the MnO2 created large amounts of remarkable MnO2-Co3O4 heterogeneous interface which was characterized by SEM and TEM techniques. XPS and H2-TPR studies revealed the decorated hybrids had better low-temperature reducibility and more active surface adsorbed oxygen species. Compared with the bare MnO2, these hybrid MnO2@Co3O4 nanaostructures showed improved catalytic reactivity toward gaseous benzene oxidation, and the enhancement had different dependence upon the various MnO2. Under high space velocity of 120,000mLg−1h−1, the best-performed α-MnO2 nanowires@Co3O4 can decrease the T90 (temperature of 90% benzene conversion) to 247°C which was almost 100°C lower than the pure α-MnO2 nanowires. Their significantly promoted catalytic activity should be attributed to the strong synergistic effect due to the existence of remarkable MnO2-Co3O4 hetero-interface.

Phyto-synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Mussaenda erythrophylla leaf extract and their application in catalytic degradation of methyl orange dye

Nanotechnology has played a definitive role in defending the environment-related issues. The prime reason for this claim is that nanotechnology sowed the seeds for the green synthesis of nanoparticles, rather than using noxious and persistent chemicals, thus leading to the eradication of biological risks. A plethora of plant-mediated metal nanoparticle (especially, silver) synthesis has been carried out and is still successfully continuing, because of its simple approach, instant synthesis mechanism, long-term stability and eco-friendly nature. The current article accounts for an environmentally safe method for silver nanocatalyst synthesis using the leaf extract of Mussaenda erythrophylla, for the first time. The UV–visible absorption spectrum of the silver nanoparticle solution displayed a distinct peak at 414nm. As identified by FTIR spectroscopy, the leaf extract acts as a source of a variety of phytochemicals and are primarily responsible for reduction to zero-valent silver. The nanoparticles were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Analysis using SEM confirmed the formation sub-100nm sized particles and EDAX proved the existence of elemental silver in the sample. XRD analysis established the crystalline nature – face-centred cubic – of the nanoparticles. The zeta potential value of −47.7mV, defines the good stability of the silver nanoparticle solution. The article highlights the degradation of the azo dye, methyl orange, using silver nanoparticles as a promising catalytic agent and sodium borohydride as a reductant.

Controlled Synthesis of Nanostructured Copper Oxides Through an Elaborate Solution Route.

Copper oxides (CuO) with hierarchical structures have been synthesized via a solution-based route with the assistance of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The size and morphology of obtained products could be rationally tuned through altering the molar ratio of starting materials. The composition of mixed solvent and the aging time were also found to influence the shape evolution of CuO particles. Based on the analyses of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy etc., a plausible mechanism was proposed for the formation of CuO hierarchical structures. UV-visible absorption study demonstrates their potential applications in optical electronic devices, and catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde shows their potential applications in catalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds.

Preparation of PEDOT/GO, PEDOT/MnO2, and PEDOT/GO/MnO2 nanocomposites and their application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue

The nanocomposite materials of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/graphene oxide (PEDOT/GO), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/MnO2 (PEDOT/MnO2), and poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/graphene oxide/MnO2 (PEDOT/GO/MnO2) were successfully prepared by facile and template-free solution method. The structure and morphology of nanonanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra (UV–vis), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), respectively. The catalytic activities of nanocomposites were investigated through the degradation processes of methylene blue (MB) solution under dark, UV light, and nature sunlight irradiation, respectively. The results displayed that nanocomposites were successfully synthesized, and PEDOT/GO had higher conjugation length and doped degree than pure PEDOT. However, the introduction of MnO2 could lead to the reduction of conjugation length and doped degree in PEDOT/MnO2 and PEDOT/GO/MnO2 nanocomposites. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis also showed that both MnO2 and GO had some effect on the morphology of nanocomposites. The catalytic activities of pure PEDOT and nanocomposites were in the order of PEDOT/GO/MnO2 > PEDOT/MnO2 > PEDOT/GO > pure PEDOT. Besides, the catalytic results also showed that the highest degradation efficiency of MB after 7 h occurred in the PEDOT/GO/MnO2 composite in three irradiation.

Generation of reactive oxygen species in titanates nanotubes induced by hydrogen peroxide and their application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue dye

The present work describes the application of sodium (Na-) and hydrogen (H-) titanate nanotubes (TiNTs) as catalysts in oxidation reactions with aqueous hydrogen peroxide. By applying a combination of characterization techniques, it is shown that the interaction of TiNTs with H2O2 leads to a modification in the color and vibrational structure of the TNT, which can be attributed to the formation of superoxide radicals. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements reveal that fraction of generated radicals increases asymptotically with H2O2 concentration. Catalytic tests of methylene blue discoloration revealed that TiNTs are very active in the discoloration of the dye, being the catalytic activity dependent on the concentration of H2O2. The analysis of the reaction products by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed that the dye was successively oxidized in different intermediate compounds. The effects of previous thermal treatment of the TiNTs were also investigated, and it was found that the active catalytic sites are progressively deactivated as the treatment temperature is increased. The overall results suggest that terminal groups present in the titanate structure, such as TiO:− are active catalytic sites that convert into highly reactive superoxide radicals upon interaction with H2O2 molecules.

Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(1-naphthylamine)/zinc oxide nanocomposites: Application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue dye

The organic–inorganic poly(1-naphthylamine)/ZnO (PNA/ZnO) nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of 1-naphthylamine monomer and ZnO nanomaterials for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light. The surface properties of PNA molecules were altered by adding the ZnO nanomaterials. The crystalline and the optical properties of PNA/ZnO nanocomposites were improved with the increased contents of ZnO nanomaterials in PNA molecules due to the effective interaction of PNA to the surface of ZnO nanomaterials. The prepared PNA/ZnO nanocomposites presented moderate photocatalytic MB dye degradation of ~22% under visible light. The occurrence of dye degradation under visible light might attribute to high-charge separation of ē-h+ pairs at the interfaces of PNA and ZnO nanomaterials in its excited state under light irradiation.