Applications In Various Diseases Research Articles

Natural activators of autophagy

Autophagy is the process by which cell contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelles, and cell structures, are sequestered by the autophagosome and delivered to lysosomes for degradation. As a process that allows the cell to get rid of non-functional components that tend to accumulate with age, autophagy has been associated with many human diseases. In this regard, the search for autophagy activators and the study of their mechanism of action is an important task for the treatment of many diseases, as well as for increasing healthy life expectancy. Plants are rich sources of autophagy activators, containing a large amount of polyphenolic compounds in their composition, which can be activators in their original form, or can be metabolized by the intestinal microbiota to active compounds. This review is devoted to plant-based autophagy activators with an emphasis on the sources of their production, mechanism of action, and application in various diseases. The review also describes companies commercializing natural autophagy activators.

Molecular Hydrogen Protects against Various Tissue Injuries from Side Effects of Anticancer Drugs by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

While drug therapy plays a crucial role in cancer treatment, many anticancer drugs, particularly cytotoxic and molecular-targeted drugs, cause severe side effects, which often limit the dosage of these drugs. Efforts have been made to alleviate these side effects by developing derivatives, analogues, and liposome formulations of existing anticancer drugs and by combining anticancer drugs with substances that reduce side effects. However, these approaches have not been sufficiently effective in reducing side effects. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has shown promise in this regard. It directly reduces reactive oxygen species, which have very strong oxidative capacity, and indirectly exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects by regulating gene expression. Its clinical application in various diseases has been expanded worldwide. Although H2 has been reported to reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs in animal studies and clinical trials, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our comprehensive literature review revealed that H2 protects against tissue injuries induced by cisplatin, oxaliplatin, doxorubicin, bleomycin, and gefitinib. The underlying mechanisms involve reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation. H2 itself exhibits anticancer activity. Therefore, the combination of H2 and anticancer drugs has the potential to reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs and enhance their anticancer activities. This is an exciting prospect for future cancer treatments.

Challenges of enzyme therapy: Why two players are better than one.

Enzyme-based therapy has garnered significant attention for its current applications in various diseases. Despite the notable advantages associated with the use of enzymes as therapeutic agents, that could have high selectivity, affinity, and specificity for the target, their application faces challenges linked to physico-chemical and pharmacological properties. These limitations can be addressed through the encapsulation of enzymes in nanoplatforms as a comprehensive solution to mitigate their degradation, loss of activity, off-target accumulation, and immunogenicity, thus enhancing bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and circulation time, thereby reducing the number of administrations, and ameliorating patient compliance. The exploration of novel nanomedicine-based enzyme therapeutics for the treatment of challenging diseases stands as a paramount goal in the contemporary scientific landscape, but even then it is often not enough. Combining an enzyme with another therapeutic (e.g., a small molecule, another enzyme or protein, a monoclonal antibody, or a nucleic acid) within a single nanocarrier provides innovative multidrug-integrated therapy and ensures that both the actives arrive at the target site and exert their therapeutic effect, leading to synergistic action and superior therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, this strategic approach could be extended to gene therapy, a field that nowadays has gained increasing attention, as enzymes acting at genomic level and nucleic acids may be combined for synergistic therapy. This multicomponent therapeutic approach opens opportunities for promising future developments. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

The Impact of Neonatal Curcumin Intake on Key Molecular Markers in Lipid and Glucose Metabolism

The high prevalence of obesity, resulting from the increased consumption of a fructose-rich diet, poses a serious global threat to children's public health. Obesity is linked to several metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Furthermore, type-2 diabetes is characterized by impaired lipid and glucose metabolism. This study investigated the impact of neonatal curcumin intake on the expression of key molecular markers related to liver lipid metabolism [Liver kinase B-1 (LKB-1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), and Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-1 (ACC-1)] and glucose metabolism [serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT-1), Glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), and Phosphoglucomutase (PGM)]. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric, is currently under extensive research for its potential therapeutic applications in various diseases. In this study, a metabolic syndrome model was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by feeding them a high fructose diet, with curcumin administered as the treatment. Gene expression was assessed through Real-Time quantitative PCR, and protein expression was analyzed using the western blot technique. The study observed that a high fructose diet led to the upregulation of genes and proteins associated with lipid metabolism, such as AMPK, LKB-1, ACC-1, and CPT-1 in liver tissues. Curcumin treatment reversed these effects, restoring normal lipid metabolism. Additionally, the high fructose diet downregulated the expression of AKT-1 in hepatic insulin signaling, which was counteracted by curcumin. Moreover, the high fructose diet increased hepatic glucose production, as indicated by the upregulation of GP and PGM gene and protein expression, while curcumin treatment suppressed hepatic glucose production by downregulating GP and PGM expression. The findings improve our understanding of curcumin's molecular mechanisms, which are not yet fully understood. They offer further evidence of curcumin's positive effects. Thus, early neonatal consumption of curcumin could be a potential strategy to prevent high fructose diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Lipid and Glucose Metabolism. This project was funded by the North-West University. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Canine Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Exosomes: State-of-the-Art Characterization, Functional Analysis and Applications in Various Diseases.

Canine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types and secrete a wide range of bioactive molecules in the form of soluble and membrane-bound exosomes. Extracellular vesicles/exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids and can modulate recipient cell response in various ways. The process of exosome formation is a physiological interaction between cells. With a significant increase in basic research over the last two decades, there has been a tremendous expansion in research in MSC exosomes and their potential applications in canine disease models. The characterization of exosomes has demonstrated considerable variations in terms of source, culture conditions of MSCs, and the inclusion of fetal bovine serum or platelet lysate in the cell cultures. Furthermore, the amalgamation of exosomes with various nano-materials has become a novel approach to the fabrication of nano-exosomes. The fabrication of exosomes necessitates the elimination of extrinsic proteins, thus enhancing their potential therapeutic uses in a variety of disease models, including spinal cord injury, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. This review summarizes current knowledge on the characteristics, biological functions, and clinical relevance of canine MSC exosomes and their potential use in human and canine research. As discussed, exosomes have the ability to control lethal vertebrate diseases by administration directly at the injury site or through specific drug delivery mechanisms.

Pathogenetic and pharmacodynamic features of succinic acid derivative application for various diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems

This study revealed the pathogenetic patterns of the development of hypoxic and ischemic disorders in various pathological conditions and substantiated approaches to the use of drugs with antihypoxic activity. The role of the receptor interaction of succinic acid in the composition of succinate-containing antihypoxants with succinate receptor SUCNR1 has been demonstrated. The pharmacodynamic properties of the combined preparation of succinic acid that also contains vitamin precursors of the cofactors of Krebs cycle dehydrogenases nicotinamide (precursor of NAD) and riboflavin mononucleotide (precursor of FAD) and precursor of purine nucleotides (inosine) (cytoflavin) for intravenous drip and oral administration were analyzed. Literature data were also analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the metabolic corrector of energy-dependent and hypoxic conditions (cytoflavin) in various central nervous system and cardiovascular diseases. In the case of ischemic disorders of cerebral and coronary blood flow, the effects of the drug are concentrated on the penumbra zone (ischemic penumbra), which is associated with the intravenous administration of the drug to its metabolic activity by influencing endothelial cells, restoring microcirculation, and enhancing the oxygen transport function of the blood. Among the new areas of drug use, the use of cytoflavin in the complex therapy of traumatic brain injuries, traumatic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, toxic lesions of the central nervous system, multiple organ failure syndrome, and post-COVID syndrome is promising.

Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, ranging from 30 to 150 nm in diameter, that mediate intercellular transfer of various biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites. They modulate the functions of recipient cells and participate in diverse physiological and pathological processes, such as immune responses, cell-cell communication, carcinogenesis, and viral infection. Stem cells (SCs) are pluripotent or multipotent cells that can differentiate into various cell types. SCs can also secrete exosomes, which exhibit remarkable therapeutic potential for various diseases, especially in the field of regenerative medicine. For example, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contain proteins, lipids, and miRNAs that can ameliorate endocrine disorders, such as diabetes and cancer. Exosomes from SCs (sc-exos) may offer similar advantages as SCs, but with reduced risks and challenges. Sc-exos have lower tumorigenicity, immunogenicity, and infectivity. They can also deliver drugs more efficiently and penetrate deeper into tissues. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advances in sc-exos and their therapeutic applications in various diseases, such as diabetes and cancer. We also elucidate how the biological effects of sc-exos depend on their molecular composition. We also address the current challenges and future directions of using sc-exos.

Mammalian integrated stress responses in stressed organelles and their functions.

The integrated stress response (ISR) triggered in response to various cellular stress enables mammalian cells to effectively cope with diverse stressful conditions while maintaining their normal functions. Four kinases (PERK, PKR, GCN2, and HRI) of ISR regulate ISR signaling and intracellular protein translation via mediating the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 α (eIF2α) at Ser51. Early ISR creates an opportunity for cells to repair themselves and restore homeostasis. This effect, however, is reversed in the late stages of ISR. Currently, some studies have shown the non-negligible impact of ISR on diseases such as ischemic diseases, cognitive impairment, metabolic syndrome, cancer, vanishing white matter, etc. Hence, artificial regulation of ISR and its signaling with ISR modulators becomes a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving disease symptoms and improving clinical outcomes. Here, we provide an overview of the essential mechanisms of ISR and describe the ISR-related pathways in organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Meanwhile, the regulatory effects of ISR modulators and their potential application in various diseases are also enumerated.

Natural Activators of Autophagy.

Autophagy is the process by which cell contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelles, and cell structures are sequestered by autophagosome and delivered to lysosomes for degradation. As a process that allows the cell to get rid of non-functional components that tend to accumulate with age, autophagy has been associated with many human diseases. In this regard, the search for autophagy activators and the study of their mechanism of action is an important task for treatment of many diseases, as well as for increasing healthy life expectancy. Plants are rich sources of autophagy activators, containing large amounts of polyphenolic compounds in their composition, which can be autophagy activators in their original form, or can be metabolized by the intestinal microbiota to active compounds. This review is devoted to the plant-based autophagy activators with emphasis on the sources of their production, mechanism of action, and application in various diseases. The review also describes companies commercializing natural autophagy activators.

Integrative medicine - combination of conventional medicine and traditional herbal medicine may find its potential applications in the treatment of certain dermatological and endocrine diseases – review of the literature

Introduction and purpose
 
 Traditional Chinese herbal medicine is an integral component of a comprehensive healing system known as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Within TCM, herbs are utilized to rebalance the energy forces of Yin and Yang, which flow through imperceptible channels within the body with the aim of restoring energy equilibrium. It is important to acknowledge that herbs have the potential to exert significant effects on the body comparable to pharmaceutical drugs, and therefore, should be approached with equal caution and respect
 The aim of the study was to present the current state of knowledge about the potential use of Chinese herbs in the treatment of certain dermatological and endocrine diseases.
 
 State of the knowledge
 Chinese medicine has found application in various diseases and health conditions, both physical and mental. In the studies delving into dermatological diseases, Chinese medicine therapy resulted in a reduction in chronic urticaria activity and psoriasis area severity index. In addition, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) effectively improved the response rate and reduced the maximum nodule diameter of benign thyroid nodules. Furthermore it was reported that certain Chinese herbs improve the functioning of mitochondria in β-cells contributing to better management of patients with diabetes mellitus.
 
 Conclusion
 Chinese medicine seems to be a valuable supplement to conventional medicine in the treatment of some chronic diseases. Simultaneously, our focus should be on the development of a new wave of pharmaceutical products that guarantee high efficacy and low toxicity conforming to international standards. It is imperative to enhance research in Chinese medicine and advance engineering technologies to ensure the superior quality of TCM preparations.

Osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in hyperglycemia.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been shown to be a clinical risk factor for bone diseases including osteoporosis and fragility. Bone metabolism is a complicated process that requires coordinated differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Owing to the regenerative properties, BMSCs have laid a robust foundation for their clinical application in various diseases. However, mounting evidence indicates that the osteogenic capability of BMSCs is impaired under high glucose conditions, which is responsible for diabetic bone diseases and greatly reduces the therapeutic efficiency of BMSCs. With the rapidly increasing incidence of DM, a better understanding of the impacts of hyperglycemia on BMSCs osteogenesis and the underlying mechanisms is needed. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge of the osteogenesis of BMSCs in hyperglycemia, the underlying mechanisms, and the strategies to rescue the impaired BMSCs osteogenesis.

Development of Galectin-3 Targeting Drugs for Therapeutic Applications in Various Diseases.

Galectin-3 (Gal3) is one of the most studied members of the galectin family that mediate various biological processes such as growth regulation, immune function, cancer metastasis, and apoptosis. Since Gal3 is pro-inflammatory, it is involved in many diseases that are associated with chronic inflammation such as cancer, organ fibrosis, and type 2 diabetes. As a multifunctional protein involved in multiple pathways of many diseases, Gal3 has generated significant interest in pharmaceutical industries. As a result, several Gal3-targeting therapeutic drugs are being developed to address unmet medical needs. Based on the PubMed search of Gal3 to date (1987-2023), here, we briefly describe its structure, carbohydrate-binding properties, endogenous ligands, and roles in various diseases. We also discuss its potential antagonists that are currently being investigated clinically or pre-clinically by the public and private companies. The updated knowledge on Gal3 function in various diseases could initiate new clinical or pre-clinical investigations to test therapeutic strategies, and some of these strategies could be successful and recognized as novel therapeutics for unmet medical needs.

Third generation sequencing transforms the way of the screening and diagnosis of thalassemia: a mini-review.

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder imposing a significant social and economic burden. Comprehensive screening strategies are essential for the prevention and management of this disease. Third-generation sequencing (TGS), a breakthrough technology, has shown great potential for screening and diagnostic applications in various diseases, while its application in thalassemia detection is still in its infancy. This review aims to understand the latest and most widespread uses, advantages of TGS technologies, as well as the challenges and solutions associated with their incorporation into routine screening and diagnosis of thalassemia. Overall, TGS has exhibited higher rates of positive detection and diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional methods and next-generation sequencing technologies, indicating that TGS will be a feasible option for clinical laboratories conducting in-house thalassemia testing. The implementation of TGS technology in thalassemia diagnosis will facilitate the development of effective prevention and management strategies, thereby reducing the burden of this disease on individuals and society.

Curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery: synthesis, biological assays and therapeutic potential - a review.

Curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have shown promise as drug delivery systems to address the limited pharmacokinetic characteristics of curcumin. Functionalization with folic acid and PEGylation enhance anticancer activity, biocompatibility, stability, and permeability. Co-delivery with other drugs results in synergistically enhanced cytotoxic activity. Environment-responsive MSNs prevent undesirable drug leakage and increase selectivity towards target tissues. This review summarizes the methods of Cur-loaded MSN synthesis and functionalization and their application in various diseases, and also highlights the potential of Cur-loaded MSNs as a promising drug delivery system.

DEEP OSCILLATION® THERAPY - CAN IT BE EFFECTIVE IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 AND POST - COVID SYNDROME

Treatment of patients with COVID-19, prevention of respiratory and other affected systems complications, prevention of multisystem damage and faster recovery possibilities and disease consequences overcoming is a particularly relevant topic today, when the number of people who have suffered from acute coronavirus infection is increasing. A tendency to shift the focus from acute manifestations to long-term morbidity and chronic involvement of various organs and systems is observed. In these subacute and chronic phases of illness, the application of physical modalities would be potentially effective. Traditionally, physical and rehabilitation medicine deals with patients with combined pathologies in order to reduce the duration of treatment and to speed up after-illness recovery. Deep Oscillation® therapy is a relatively new physical modality that is successfully applied to a number of diseases, including inflammatory pathologies of respiratory and musculoskeletal system, trauma, burns, fibrosis prevention, edema reduction, muscle relaxation etc. The purpose of this article is to make a review of the potential therapeutic effects of the Deep Oscillation® therapy application to patients suffering from COVID-19 and/or post-COVID-19 syndrome. Materials and methods: A review of the available literature was performed, including reports, articles, feedback letters regarding the application of Deep Oscillation® therapy. The search for scientific articles was conducted in the bibliographic database of Pub Med, Google Scholar, Elsevier. Results matching the following keywords were searched: Deep Oscillation® therapy, low-frequency and low-intensity electrostatic field, COVID-19, COVID-pneumonia, post-COVID-19 syndrome, long COVID, post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, chronic COVID syndrome, diseases of the respiratory system, pneumonia, obstructive bronchitis, asthma, edema, lymphedema, musculoskeletal symptoms after COVID-19, chronic pain, myalgia, arthralgia, chronic back pain, fatigue. Results: The review made found evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, pain-reducing, and anti-fibrotic effects observed with the application of Deep Oscillation® in various diseases, including such of lungs. At this time, no research data were found regarding the application of Deep Oscillation® in patients with COVID-19 or after illness except for a brief communication in the form of a feedback letter regarding the therapy application in individual clinical cases of patients with COVID -19. Conclusion: The scientific studies carried out so far testify of established anti-inflammatory, -swelling and pain-reducing effects, fibrosis reduction possibilities, muscle spasm reduction, local microcirculation improvement and anti-lymphedematous effects of Deep Oscillation® application in various diseases, including lung diseases. These data suggest that a possible positive effect of the low-frequency electrostatic field can also be assumed in patients with COVID-19. Now, however, there are no clinical studies conducted about the Deep Oscillation® application effect in patients with COVID-19 and post COVID-19. Low-frequency electrostatic field therapy is probably an appropriate adjuvant therapy but cannot be recommended as a therapeutic modality in daily clinical practice in patients with COVID-19 due to the lack of reported therapeutic benefits in scientific reports. In the presence of convincing scientific evidence, this opinion is subject to correction. At the same time, it would be appropriate to determine the benefit of this therapy in post-COVID-19 recovery and persistent arthralgia and musculoskeletal symptoms.

Exosomes: Next generation medicine

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the substances that are conveyed by most sorts of cell, which play a critical role in cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes are among the most commonly explored EVs. Exosomes contain lipids, RNAs and proteins. Many examinations have shown that exosomes derived from cells play different biological roles in normal as well as diseased condition. Recent investigations have explored exosomes as natural drug delivery vehicles, as they have ability to deliver different cargo to nearby and targeted cells with high specificity and efficiency. In the last decade, there has been increased interest in exosomes research due to their potential role in disease diagnosis as intercellular messengers. Exosomes have potential in targeted drug/gene delivery, due to their unique properties, such as low immunogenicity, excellent tissue/cell penetration capacity and innate stability. As a result, exosomes can be used for disease detection and for various treatments. In this review, we focus on the potential use of exosomes as valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for their cell-lineage and state-specific contents, and their possible use as therapeutic vehicle for drug and gene delivery. As a drug, exosomes have a variety of applications in various diseases.

Role of pyroptosis in inflammation and cancer.

Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin and is a product of continuous cell expansion until the cytomembrane ruptures, resulting in the release of cellular contents that can activate strong inflammatory and immune responses. Pyroptosis, an innate immune response, can be triggered by the activation of inflammasomes by various influencing factors. Activation of these inflammasomes can induce the maturation of caspase-1 or caspase-4/5/11, both of which cleave gasdermin D to release its N-terminal domain, which can bind membrane lipids and perforate the cell membrane. Here, we review the latest advancements in research on the mechanisms of pyroptosis, newly discovered influencing factors, antitumoral properties, and applications in various diseases. Moreover, this review also provides updates on potential targeted therapies for inflammation and cancers, methods for clinical prevention, and finally challenges and future directions in the field.

Abstract P2103: Cannabidiol Protects Cardiac Function In Vivo And Inhibits Endothelial-to-mesenchymal Transition In Vitro : A Potential Anti-fibrotic Therapy For Heart Failure.

Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) has been investigated for application in various diseases including cardiovascular ailments. Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has been reported to contribute to cardiac fibrosis and eventually heart failure (HF). Here we demonstrate that both free (f) and nanoparticle encapsulated (n) CBD preserves cardiac function in a non-ischemic mouse model of HF. Further, we show that CBD inhibits EndoMT in vitro . Hypothesis: CBD administration will improve cardiac function by targeting anti-fibrotic mechanisms. Methods: HF was induced in a 3-month old C57BL/6J mice (n=3) with 1% NaCl, 0.3 mg/mL L-NAME and an osmotic pump infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II). Both fCBD and nCBD were administered twice per week subcutaneously and echocardiography and histology evaluated at 5 weeks. We used an in vitro EndoMT model with L-NAME+ Ang II as EndoMT inducers in HUVECs. CBD at 0.1, 1 and 2 μM was used to study the dose impact. Results: HF mice treated with fCBD, and nCBD exhibited significantly higher EF when compared to untreated HF mice (Fig. 1 A). Histological evaluation showed that nCBD treated group displayed a higher anti-fibrotic activity compared to fCBD (both with less fibrosis compared to HF mice) (Fig. 1 B). In vitro , when CBD was added during EndoMT induction, the transition process was inhibited. Immunofluorescence studies exhibited a dose dependent effect of CBD in inhibiting Vimentin (mesenchymal marker) expression during the EndoMT process (Fig. 1 C). Conclusion: In conclusion, CBD protects cardiac function and exhibits an anti-fibrotic effect, possibly mediated by EndoMT inhibition. A nano formulation of CBD might have a more potent impact.

Enormous Health Benefits of Nutraceutical in Prevention of Human Health Diseases: A Review

Nutraceutical combines the words "nutrition" and "pharmaceutical." Nutraceuticals, in general, are foods or components of foods that play a vital role in changing and maintaining normal physiological function in healthy individuals. Dietary fiber, prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and other types of herbal natural foods are used as nutraceuticals. Obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes, cholesterol, and other diseases may be prevented by nutraceuticals. Overall, the term "nutraceutical" has ushered in a new era of medicine and health, in which the food industry has evolved into a research-driven industry. The purpose of this article is to provide knowledge about nutraceuticals and their applications in various diseases.

Small-molecule activation of OGG1 increases oxidative DNA damage repair by gaining a new function.

Oxidative DNA damage is recognized by 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which excises 8-oxoG, leaving a substrate for apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) and initiating repair. Here, we describe a small molecule (TH10785) that interacts with the phenylalanine-319 and glycine-42 amino acids of OGG1, increases the enzyme activity 10-fold, and generates a previously undescribed β,δ-lyase enzymatic function. TH10785 controls the catalytic activity mediated by a nitrogen base within its molecular structure. In cells, TH10785 increases OGG1 recruitment to and repair of oxidative DNA damage. This alters the repair process, which no longer requires APE1 but instead is dependent on polynucleotide kinase phosphatase (PNKP1) activity. The increased repair of oxidative DNA lesions with a small molecule may have therapeutic applications in various diseases and aging.