Application Of Various Solutions Research Articles

Review of Existing Solutions for Vibroacoustic Monitoring of Construction Sites

The article explores the potential application of various solutions that allow monitoring noise and vibration to some extent on construction sites. Over 20 scientific articles presenting experimental research and experience with noise and vibration monitoring systems were reviewed. The articles were collected from leading journals indexed by scientometric databases. The reviewed articles were categorized into solutions for noise monitoring, vibration monitoring, and multifunctional solutions. As a result of the review of solutions in the field of acoustic monitoring, important trends and prospects for further research were identified. There is a recognized need for the development of more accurate methods for filtering background noise and accounting for the characteristics of different construction sites. Regarding solutions for vibration monitoring, the review revealed a need for a more in-depth investigation into the identification and classification of vibration sources for accurate assessment of their indicators. The review of multifunctional solutions and systems showed that additional research and testing are required for a full assessment of their effectiveness and applicability in practice. Successful implementation of such systems requires attention to their flexibility and the ability to install various types and scales on construction sites. Furthermore, emphasis should be placed on training personnel for the effective use of equipment or ensuring their qualifications match the ability to use vibroacoustic complexes.

Basic mechanism of in vitro pulsed-dye laser-induced vasodilation.

Vasodilation of rabbit carotid arteries induced by a pulsed-eye laser was studied in vitro to clarify the underlying mechanism. Artery segments were double cannulated in a pressure-perfusion apparatus which, under physiological conditions, allows for differential application of various solutions, pharmacological agents, and pulsed-dye laser light. Vasoconstriction was activated using both pharmacological and nonpharmacological agonists. Laser energy at a wavelength of either 480 or 575 nm was applied intraluminally in 1-microseconds pulses, which caused dilation of the arteries if hemoglobin was present in the lumen at sufficient concentration. Induced vasodilation did not specifically require the presence of hemoglobin; the same phenomenon could be repeated using an inert dye such as Evans blue as an optical absorber of laser energy. The optical density of the absorber, the number of applied laser pulses, and total amount of applied energy directly influenced the vasodilatory response. Laser-induced vasodilation was possible in both normal vessels and vessels denuded of endothelium. Pulsed-dye laser-induced vasodilation is therefore not a phenomenon mediated through chemical processes, but is rather a purely physical process initiated by the optical absorption of laser energy by the intraluminal medium, which probably induces cavitation bubble formation and collapse, resulting in the vasodilatory response of the vessel.

The effect of prostacyclin on the adhesion of leucocytes to injured vascular endothelium.

The effect of local application of various solutions on leucocyte adherence to the wall of small blood vessels in the microcirculation of the rat mesentery was examined. Leucocyte adhesion was produced by local application of zymosan-activated complement. Solutions of EDTA, lignocaine and prostacyclin when applied locally cause the release of a high proportion of leucocytes previously firmly adherent to the endothelium of venules and small veins without producing any significant change in the rate of blood flow through the affected vessels. Acetylcholine injected intravenously increases the rate of blood flow through the mesenteric microcirculation several fold but has no apparent effect on pre-existing leucocyte sticking. The findings suggest that in normal small blood vessels production of prostacyclin by vascular endothelium may inhibit adhesion of leucocytes to the vascular wall. When endothelium is injured local production of prostacyclin may be inhibited sufficiently to permit adhesion of leucocytes to the injured endothelium and so induce the earliest stage in the emigration of leucocytes into the area of injury. Lignocaine may possibly inhibit leucocyte sticking by increasing local production of prostacyclin, but the mode of action of EDTA and many other aspects of the mechanism responsible for leucocyte sticking remain obscure.