Application Of Programmable Logic Controller Research Articles

Utilization of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) with System Control Lights On Large Buildings

Enhancement need for energy electricity in buildings or large buildings​​ will increase waste energy and improve the expenditure of funds. For That need given solution How method saves electricity with cheap and efficient equipment.​ The PLC ( Programmable Logic Controller ) program is A tool operating electronics​ digitally for​ replace Suite a row of relays in a conventional process control system. To carry out its function then the PLC has sensor elements, controllers, and output devices so that capable do task control sequential, control sophisticated, and control supervision. Research results This shows that the application of PLC in buildings or big buildings​ will increase high efficiency​ by utilizing: a) elements of the system control light involving appropriate sensors, controllers (servers), and actuators; b) put sensor devices with appropriate; c) count wide room with lighting appropriate; and d) combine usage halogen lamp as replacement ray sun and TL lamps as lighting normal.

Application of Delta PLC on Battery Management System in AC/DC Microgrid

To keep the energy balance and power quality in check, a proper controller must be made for all the parts of the microgrid to work together. The sizing of the microgrid is done by considering the distributed generators and their connected ACDC loads. The performance of DC will obtain according to the state of charge condition of the battery bank. So it is essential to operate the battery bank by observing the state of the charge condition. To maintain the voltage stability of the system the PLC (programmable logic controller) best switching controller is designed to operate the battery bank according to the distributed generators’ demand. The main objective of the present work is to enhance the power conversion efficiency and maintain voltage stability during essential conditions which are fulfilled by the Battery storage and its controller. It must provide effective voltage support in a fault condition.

PLCPrint: Fingerprinting Memory Attacks in Programmable Logic Controllers

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) constitute the functioning basis of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and hence are often a focal point for attackers to exploit. Previous attacks have seen PLC memory maliciously altered in order to disrupt the underlying physical process. Different types of memory attack can cause a similar impact on the PLC’s operation and result in indistinguishable physical manifestations. Consequently, delays in triaging attacks through digital forensic practices can induce significant financial loss, physical damage to the infrastructure, and degradation of safety. In this work, we propose PLCPrint, a novel vendor-independent fingerprinting approach that utilises PLC memory artefacts to perform detection and classification of memory attacks. PLCPrint uses PLC memory register mapping, a novel method exploiting the relationship between PLC registers and memory artefacts including the PLC application code. Through this, registers are assigned a Mapping Condition (MC) to indicate how they exist within the PLC memory artefacts. We evaluate the performance of PLCPrint over realistic emulations conducted at a real testbed emulating water filtration and distribution. Through PLCPrint we depict how MC deviations are utilised within supervised learning schemes such as to adequately classify PLC memory attacks with high accuracy performance. In general, we demonstrate that PLCPrint fills the gap in the context of attack technique triaging since this has been a missing element within current ICS forensics schemes.

Application of PLC in Variable Frequency Constant Pressure Control System for Mine Emulsion Pump Station

Programmable logic controller (PLC) is an automatic control device made of microcomputer technology. It is based on sequential control, supplemented by loop adaptive, can complete logical judgment, timing, memory and numerical functions. The application of PLC in the variable frequency and constant pressure control system of mine emulsion pump station is studied. The emulsion pump station for mine is introduced. Based on the practice of energy saving, safety and protection equipment, the application of variable frequency speed regulation and constant pressure technology in emulsion pump is described. The working principle and PLC control system of emulsion pump control system are introduced by means of PLC circuit control. The experimental results show that the design of variable frequency and constant pressure control system based on PLC can greatly save energy consumption. In the variable frequency state, the average temperature of the pump body does not exceed 45°, indicating that the variable frequency constant voltage control system can improve the service life of the equipment.

Design of robust power system for frequency control in industrial sectors for enhancing science education

The technique of remote monitoring of different gadgets and machinery in process plants businesses is catching on in the decades to come. Constant progress has been made in industrial automation development thanks to remote monitoring and diagnosis, which is done almost entirely through computers and the Internet. - A conventionally used SCADA system in the electricity system uses voltage and frequency as their primary system monitoring parameters, which are checked consecutively at regular intervals. It is feasible to reduce the observed voltage and frequency data to a single string that is then sent to monitoring/control room, where it may be compressed using appropriate data compression methods. To extract the required data from the sent string, use the appropriate decompression method at the receiving end. In order to allow a compressed string to be decoded into the input voltage and frequency, a MATLAB-based system was created that can generate this compressed string and output the voltage and frequency corresponding to the input. Aspects that have emerged as critical design issues in the development of a supervisory control system that is internet-based include latency (delays on the internet), the security of the system, and the design of the interface. In this project, the designers of supervisory control systems, namely, internet latency and security, faced all of the many design problems found on the Internet. The key objective of this system is to provide automated real-time XML report creation for the online and offline processes. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), and virtual private networks (VPN) all play a part in making automation Internet-based. The software was built utilizing SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) software, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) applications for controlling the real-time process, and VBA/front page scripts for managing information systems. Utilizing XML encoding and solely using VPN through GSM connection for communication between the server and client, the individual monitoring device may further enhance the system's security.

Comparison of MATLAB Simulink application with PLC application of real-time classical PID controllers in laboratory

Process control is a common area of study for different engineering disciplines. Controllers working ‎with ‎the ‎proportional–integral–derivative (PID) method are generally used in process control. ‎Parameters like ‎level, ‎flow, position, pressure, and temperature are controlled in-process control. PID ‎algorithm can be ‎formed ‎with different microprocessor-based devices. Process control is ‎implemented by using analog input ‎and ‎outputs terminals of PLCs (Programmable logic controller) ‎which is recently the most commonly used ‎in ‎industries. Also, a real-time PID method can be ‎implemented by using a computer-based ‎MATLAB ‎ ‎program in the laboratory.‎ The liquid level and flow control in the laboratory has been done by using PID algorithms and ‎PLC ‎device ‎and MATLAB real-time interface by using an experimental set. Necessary connections ‎and ‎configurations have ‎been prepared to perform process control. (SIMATIC Manager Step7) is ‎used for ‎programming in PLC. ‎Besides, the MATLAB simulation program is configured to implement ‎real-time ‎control to be ‎compatible with the MF624 data acquisition card. Liquid level and fluid flow ‎control ‎experiments were ‎performed separately for the same PID algorithms formed on two different ‎devices, then ‎liquid level ‎detection and liquid flow control results have been collected and ‎investigated. Based on these ‎results, a total ‎of four experiments were compared with both devices ‎considering the ease and difficulties of ‎using PLC and ‎MATLAB.‎

AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE CROSS-WEDGE ROLLING SYSTEM BY PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER ON THE BASE OF ARDUINO APPARATUS AND SOFTWARE PLATFORM

One of the main basic automation tools in modern industrial enterprises is programmable logic controllers. Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are microprocessor or microcontroller devices intended for the implementation of automated control systems for technological processes at enterprises [1]. The principle of PLC's work is to collect and process data on the user's application program with control signals generation to the operating devices. The modular concept of constructive execution of the PLC, allowed composing the programmed logic control devices in accordance with the peculiarities of the tasks solved by the customer. The range of application of PLC extends from devices of local control of working bodies of machines and technological units to multi-level control systems of complex technological objects. PLCs control machine tools, automatic production lines, robotic technological complexes, and also control the safety of equipment operation.There are thousands of different PLC models on the market today, which differ not only in technical characteristics (memory size, computing block power, input / output channels), but also functional capabilities. PLCs are available in a wide range of foreign companies such as Siemens, Schneider Electric, Mitsubishi Electric, Rockwell Automation, etc.The research has confirmed the choice of alternative to an expensive PLC based on the use of the Arduino hardware and software platform. A similar approach, and even schematic and software solutions, can be used in the design of the LLA for other small automation objects. The automation of the PLC process significantly reduces the cost of production, increases productivity and reduces the cost of metal compared with turning parts on the automatic lathes.The acquired development skills can be recommended for use in teaching students how to work with modern microcontrollers and building rather simple programmable logic controllers.

PLC Based Tower Type Elevator Model for Automatic Car Parking System

Manufacturers from several industries are gaining the advantage in auto machine technology in terms of productivity, flexibility, safety, accuracy and in reducing of manual efforts etc. Operating processes are designed in different modes of operation like manual, semi-automation and automation. Semi-automation and automation processes are controlled by different control devices like micro controller, PLC etc. Currently PLC is being used for many applications like industrial automation, traffic light automation, car parking automation, home application and many areas. This study presents the application of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) in car parking automation. The aim of this paper is to make more advantageous method of car parking by using PLC application since the car parking is main problem in shopping malls, public traffic and scarcity of land in urban areas. Different types of car parking are currently available. A step beyond the existing scenarios is tower type parking. Car parking is proposed with three floors each floor can accommodate three cars the main components are PLC, sensors and elevator, BLDC motor and programming language is ladder diagram, software is TIA portal. Car is placed on the parking area sense by sensors and select the parkingin button it parks automatically in the vacant position and light the respected slot in the panel board followed by receiving a token number. For park out select the parkingout button and slot number the car automatically reaches to ground position.

A Remote PLC Laboratory (RLab) for Distance Practical Work of Industrial Automation

A laboratory is an essential equipment for engineering students to do a useful practical work. Therefore, universities should provide an adequate facility for practical work. On the other hand, industrial automation laboratory would offer students beneficial experience by using various educational PLC kits. This paper describes the development of Web-based Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) remote laboratory called RLab. It provides an environment for learners to study PLC application to control the level of the non-interacting tank. The RLab architecture is based on a Moodle and Remote Desktop, which also manages the booking system of the schedule of practical work in the laboratory. The RLab equipped by USB cameras providing a real-time view of PLC environment. To provide a secured system, the RLab combines Moodle and Remote Desktop application for the authentication system and management of remote users. Moodle will send PartnerID and password to connect to TeamViewer. It has been examined that the laboratory requirement, time and flexibility restrictions constitute a significant obstacle facing traditional students desiring to finish the course. A remote access laboratory can be eliminating time and flexibility restrictions. The preliminary study of RLab usability proved that such system is adequate to give the learners a distance practical work environment.

Universal Signal Conditioning Technique for Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors in PLC and SCADA Applications

Optical fibre sensors, such as Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs), are growing in their utilisation, although very niche in their applications. To enable a more diverse range of end users, expensive application-specific optical fibre interrogation hardware needs to be made compatible with and, ideally, easily incorporated into existing instrumentation and measurement hardware. The Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is an ideal example of hardware used for data acquisition in many industries. As such, a module that can be connected into an existing PLC slot to collect data from electrically-neutral, EMI-immune and versatile FBG sensors is of significant advantage to the growing optical fibre sensing market. In this work, we show that both digital and analogue signals can be collected from FBG sensors and integrated seamlessly into the PLC-based control system using a transmit-reflect detection system. This technique enables fibre optic sensors to be compatible with standard industrial automation controllers in a relatively low cost and plug and play manner.

New Technologies in Training Programming PLC

It is noted that the effective application of programmable logic controllers in automated control systems in launching complexes is closely linked to the training of specialists, capable to carry out the development of application software. In connection with complexity of debugging of the developed programs on real process equipment an analysis of the possible variants of simulation of control processes is performed and effectiveness of virtualization of control objects on computers is noted. The developed applications of Real Games-company to create virtual control objects using 3D-graphics for training to usage of programmable logic controllers in industrial control systems are considered. The perspectives for the application software of Real Games-company in the training of specialists for automation systems of technological equipment in launching complexes are evaluated.

Разработка и исследование системы управления насосной установкой

Modern is a collection of electric motor, the power converter and control unit. Asynchronous electric commonly used in industry as part of drive pumps, fans, compressors and other mechanisms for which it is important to maintain the engine speed. Infinitely adjustable feed pump in accordance with the current pressure in the water system is an urgent task of automatic control systems of pumping units. Frequency control allows you to control the pump by changing the speed using frequency converters (FC) of electric pumps. FC is one of the modern means of industrial automation and electric power saving. The developed system of water flow regulation is carried out by pressure gauges. The signal from the pressure sensor is compared with the reference signal. In case of inconsistency between these signals PID controller sets the pump impeller speed. Thus, consumers in the absence of line pressure will rise until the signal from the pressure sensor input is not received at a PID controller. That will reduce the pump speed and thus reduce the water flow and engine power. For this automatic control system mathematical model was developed. She was examined by a package SIMULINK MATLAB applications. The purpose of research is to work well, in critical conditions, as well as validation and synthesis of control analysis of transients in the control system. The results of the study are the basis for writing the control program. The algorithm of the pumping unit is designed to provide smooth and accurate regulation of the pressure in the hydraulic network. For the software implementation of this algorithm was used the software package CoDeSys for programmable logic controllers (PLC) OWEN. Application of PLC and developed programs greatly enhance the possibility of installation in question. This system is recommended for use at pumping stations of water supply. It will improve the output characteristics for the consumer, improve the reliability of water supply, to reduce wear of pumping equipment and reduce the cost of consumed electricity.

Application of Programmable Logic Controller to Build-up an Intelligent Industry 4.0 Platform

Industry 4.0 is initiated by the German government as a high level technology strategy in order to keep Germany in a global leading position in manufacturing, also intends to solve energy and aging issues in parallel. Germany has proposed the “Reference Architecture Model Industries 4.0” which is based on the regulations published by the International Electrotechnical Commission. The manifestation of Industry 4.0 can be achieved by the realization of digital factory. And it's emphasized on total integration with Cyber Physical System as its core technology, via Internet of Things to realize the operational environment of human machine interaction, and the utilization of Big Data for decision making. The research motivation of this thesis is to utilize Totally Integrated Automation Portal as a digital factory software development platform, to achieve the fundamental educational requirements of digital factory, and to understand Industry 4.0 concept. Methodology of this research is based on a set of experimental and training mechanism, the sequence of machine movements is controlled by a Programmable Logic Controller, and this PLC has to be complied with IEC61131 International Standard. Regarding communication technology also to be complied with IEC61158 and IEC62541 e.g. PROFINET and OPC UA protocol. And finally realizing the operational environment of human machine interaction via smart phone according to the outcome of this research, it has been shown that total integration concept can be realized by single production machine. By standardization of factory environment and increasing the level of operational environment of human machine interaction, productivity and quality of production could be significantly increased. PLC could be used to analyze intelligent platform and comply with the Industry 4.0 standard at the same time.

A Method for PLC Implementation of Supervisory Control of Discrete Event Systems

This paper faces the problem of coordinating equipment operation in a flexible manufacturing system consisting of several subsystems including robots, assembling machines, CNC lathes, and mills. There are two main problems in such a system. The first is controlling each individual subsystem considering its own sensors, actuators, and specialized controller to perform a certain sequence of activities. Due to their expertise and/or application of formal methods, programmable logic controller (PLC) practitioners and equipment manufacturers develop efficient and safe solutions to address this problem. The second problem is coordinating the concurrent operation of these subsystems with the goal of producing what is requested as efficiently as possible and guaranteeing the integrity and safety of the system. Supervisory control theory (SCT) is particularly suited to this problem. This paper presents a method that allows a designer to systematically convert SCT’s results into a PLC application program. The resulting program conforms to IEC 61131-3 and preserves the natural modularity of the system to be controlled and control specifications. An extension of this method allows a designer to reuse existing PLC hardware and application programs designed for the control of equipment by easily integrating with the code corresponding to the SCT solution. A major portion of this code may even be automatically generated, reducing development time and minimizing editing errors.

Structure analysis of secured applications programming language for programmable logic controllers

Application of programmable logic controller in the sphere of industrial automation substantially simplified technological processes control. New data exchange systems and new algorithms are being developed. It leads to enormous variety of comptrollers. Each of them differs by specific set of functions, unique construction and certain control language. In this article we describe structure of PLC, that can help to choose one, and also present the structural analysis of PLC programming languages. IEC 61131-3 standard considered is to provide software developers PLC powerful tools to improve the quality of applications that includes the safety and security applications. However, this lack of standard practices check whether the designed application correspond to the requirements regarding protection.

PLC Trainer Kit Simulator: An Improvement for Automation Study in Polimas

Programmable logic controller (PLC) is a basic and essential element in the engineering of industrial automation. Therefore, basic knowledge of the early stages of PLC plays an important role, especially for mechatronics and manufacturing engineering students. However, due to limited equipment available, high cost equipment, high trainer student ratios, and low reliability of existing equipment, many educational institutions do cannot provide the sufficient resources necessary to help students to become proficient with PLC technology. To alleviate these main problems, the PLC Trainer Kit Simulator is to be developed and used in the Automation Lab at Polytechnic of Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah (POLIMAS). The PLC Trainer Kit Simulator will be used to help student on PLC applications for basic course in JF506 Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory. This study is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Evaluation will be determined based on pre-test and post-test. This paper reviews the necessity of the simulation kit prior to its implementation. It is expected that, the teaching and learning processes could become more effective thus contribute to positive impacts on students’ interest in learning PLC.

APLIKASI PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) OMRON CP1E NA20 DRA DALAM PROSES PENGATURAN SISTEM KERJA MESIN PEMBUAT PELET IKAN

Tiar Kusuma Dewi, Priyo Sasmoko, in paper application of programmable logic controller (PLC) omron CP1E NA20 DRA in control system of fish pellets builders engine explain that better known as PLC or Programmable Logic Controller is an electronic apparatus that works digitally , has a programmable memory , save the commands to perform specific functions such as logic , timing , counting and arithmatik to control different types of machines or processes through modules input / output analog or digital . PLC will run the display module according to the mnemonic code is entered into the PLC via the Programming Console or the CX - Programmer programs . However , here are discussed PLC using the CX - Programmer . OMRON PLC used is CP1E NA20 DRA . PLC works by observing input ( via sensors related ) , then the process and take action as needed , ie turn on or turn off the output ( logic 0 or 1 ) . Users create a program that will then be executed by the PLC in question , so that the tool Fish Pellet Machine Manufacturers Automatic will work as desired . Keyword : OMRON PLC CP1E NA30 DRA , the CX - Programer

Application of Programmable Logic Controller in Sewage Treatment

In order to seek a better way of control in sewage treatment, a control system which consisted of water unit, sand unit, the oxidation ditch unit, precipitation unit and sludge dewatering unit was designed. The paper investigates various controllable parameters in sewage treatment system and the way of present common automation control. We designed manual control variable aeration program and two automatic control subroutine which included thickness grille and pumping station by using WIN 32 software. The program is designed in Siemens STEP 7 V5.5 software development platform and chose the 10 input contacts which are I0.0~I0.7, I1.0~I1.1 and 10 output contact which are Q1.0~Q1.1, Q0.0~Q0.7.This design achieves automatic control and improves the purifying efficiency on the premise of ensuring water quality.

Application of PLC in the Expressway Intelligent Traffic Control System

The expressway intelligent traffic control system based on S7-200 series Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) was introduced in this paper.PLC has strong adaptability in the complex environment and rich internal timer resources, it is easily to realize accuracy controlling the traffic lights, specially for multi-crossroads.PLC analyzed and processed the signals of the body flow, speed, vehicle size and other data by the sense coil, then transmitting the information to the host computer. The host computer might automatically adjust the length of time from the final signal to achieve intelligent scientific management of traffic lights.

Efficient suboptimal parametric solutions to predictive control for PLC applications

The prime aim of this paper is to embed a predictive control (MPC) algorithm with constraint handling capabilities into a programmable logic controller (PLC). In order to achieve it, this paper develops parametric approaches to MPC but differs from more conventional approaches in that it predefines the complexity of the solution rather than the allowable suboptimality. The paper proposes a novel parameterisation of the parametric regions which allows efficiency of definition, effective spanning of the feasible region and also highly efficient search algorithms. Despite the suboptimality, the algorithm retains guaranteed stability, in the nominal case. A laboratory test was carried out to demonstrate the code on real hardware and the effectiveness of the solution.